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WO2008018865A1 - Tournevis à cliquet et arrangement de liaison - Google Patents

Tournevis à cliquet et arrangement de liaison Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2008018865A1
WO2008018865A1 PCT/US2006/030801 US2006030801W WO2008018865A1 WO 2008018865 A1 WO2008018865 A1 WO 2008018865A1 US 2006030801 W US2006030801 W US 2006030801W WO 2008018865 A1 WO2008018865 A1 WO 2008018865A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
handle
gear
selector
rotation
pawls
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2006/030801
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
James A. Rinner
Original Assignee
Rinner James A
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rinner James A filed Critical Rinner James A
Priority to PCT/US2006/030801 priority Critical patent/WO2008018865A1/fr
Publication of WO2008018865A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008018865A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B23/00Details of, or accessories for, spanners, wrenches, screwdrivers
    • B25B23/0007Connections or joints between tool parts
    • B25B23/0042Connection means between screwdriver handle and screwdriver shaft
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/88Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
    • A61B17/8875Screwdrivers, spanners or wrenches
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B13/00Spanners; Wrenches
    • B25B13/46Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle
    • B25B13/461Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member
    • B25B13/462Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis
    • B25B13/463Spanners; Wrenches of the ratchet type, for providing a free return stroke of the handle with concentric driving and driven member the ratchet parts engaging in a direction radial to the tool operating axis a pawl engaging an externally toothed wheel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B15/00Screwdrivers
    • B25B15/02Screwdrivers operated by rotating the handle
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B25HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
    • B25BTOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
    • B25B15/00Screwdrivers
    • B25B15/02Screwdrivers operated by rotating the handle
    • B25B15/04Screwdrivers operated by rotating the handle with ratchet action
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges
    • A61B90/08Accessories or related features not otherwise provided for
    • A61B2090/0813Accessories designed for easy sterilising, i.e. re-usable

Definitions

  • RATCHET SCREWDRIVER AND CONNECTION ARRANGEMENT This invention relates to a ratchet screwdriver and its connection arrangement. It includes features desired for a screwdriver for use in the medical industry.
  • the prior art is already aware of ratchet screwdrivers which have precision features suitable for use in the medical industry, for instance.
  • the present invention improves upon the prior art in that it provides a ratchet screwdriver which is exemplary precise in its construction and use, and is capable of transmitting substantial amounts of torque with only the user's hand forces.
  • the ratchet teeth have a spacing less than that in the prior art and they are thus smooth in their action. Rotating a selector to the clockwise direction, namely to the right, will produce clockwise, that is right-hand, drive.
  • permanent indicia on the screwdriver shows the usual three operative settings.
  • the screwdriver has a fourth permanent indicia which shows a setting for disassembly of the screwdriver for purpose of on-site cleaning and sanitizing in the medical usage. In that disassembly, all parts are retained in two sub-assemblies, and there are no loose parts. Also, the screwdriver is easily and readily reassembled on site.
  • Fig. 1 is a side eievatiori view of a screwdriver of this invention.
  • Figs . 2 and 3 are respectively front and rear elevation views of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 4 is a Jfront perspective view of Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 5 is a slightly enlarged fragmentary section view taken on a plane designated by the line 5-5 of Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged exploded front perspective view of the screwdriver shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged side elevation view of the screwdriver shown in Fig. 1, shown in two sub-assemblies .
  • Fig. 8 is a section view taken on a plane designated by the line 8-8 of Fig. 7.
  • Fig. 9 is a side elevation view of only the handle shown in Fig. 1.
  • Fig. 10 is a front elevation view of Fig. 9.
  • Fig. 11 is a section view taken on a plane designated by the line 11-11 of Fig. 10.
  • Fig. 12 is an enlarged front perspective view of a part shown in Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 13 is a rear perspective view of Fig. 12.
  • Fig. 14 is a top plan view of Fig. 13.
  • Fig. 15 is a side elevation view of 13.
  • Fig. 16 is a left side elevation view of Fig. 15.
  • Fig. 17 is a section view taken on a plane designated by the line 17-17 of Fig. 16.
  • Fig. 18 is a perspective view of a part shown in Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 19 is a side elevation view of Fig. 18.
  • Fig. 20 is a section view taken on a plane designated by the line 20-20 of Fig. 19.
  • Fig. 21 is a rear perspective view of a part shown in Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 22 is a side elevation view of Fig. 21.
  • Fig. 23 is a top plan view of Fig. 21.
  • Fig. 24 is a section view taken on a plane designated by the line 24-24 of Fig. 23.
  • Fig. 25 is a rear perspective view of Fig. 21 but seen from a perspective different from Fig. 21.
  • Fig. 26 is a rear elevation view of the part in Fig. 25.
  • Fig. 27 and 28 are enlarged perspective views of two parts shown in Fig. 6.
  • Fig. 29 is a top plan view of Fig. 27.
  • Figs. 30, 31, and 32 respectively are front, right, and left elevation views of the part of Fig. 29.
  • Fig. 33 is a top plan view of Fig. 28 but rotated as shown.
  • Figs. 34, 35, and 36 respectively are front, right, and left elevation views of the part of Fig. 33.
  • Fig. 37 is a side elevation fragmentary view of Fig. 1 in a setting slightly different from Fig. 1 and with a piece added thereto .
  • Fig. 38 is a section view taken on a plane designated by the line 38-38 of Fig. 37.
  • Fig. 39 is a fragmentary section taken on a plane designated by the line 39-39 of Fig. 38.
  • Fig. 40 is a side elevation fragmentary view of Fig. 1 with a piece added thereto .
  • Fig. 41 is a section view taken on a plane designated by the line 41-41 of Fig. 40.
  • Fig. 42 is a side elevation fragmentary view of Fig. 1 in a setting slightly different from Fig. 1.
  • Figs . 43 and 44 are section views taken respectively on the planes designated by the lines 43-43 and 44-44 of Fig. 42.
  • Fig. 45 is a side elevation fragmentary view of Fig. 1 in a setting slightly different from Fig. 1.
  • Figs . 46 and 47 are section views taken respectively on the planes designated by the lines 46-46 and 47-47 of Fig. 45.
  • Fig. 48 is a side elevation fragmentary view of Fig. 1 in a setting slightly different from Fig. 1.
  • Figs. 49 and 50 are section views taken respectively on the planes designated by the lines 49-49 and 50-50 of Fig. 48.
  • the screwdriver includes an elongated handle 10 and a ratchet section 11 with all extending along an axis A.
  • the operator can grip the handle 10 and simultaneously operate the section ' 11 with thumb and a finger, all to set the driver in a selected operative mode while holding the handle 10.
  • the entire driver as seen in Fig. 5, has a passageway 12 completely therethrough for cannulation if desired.
  • the handle 10 has a cylindrical opening 13 which snugly receives an insert 14 having cylindrically disposed splines 15 for fixed connection of the insert 14 with the handle such that the handle 10 and insert rotate in unison about the axis A and under the influence of the operator's hand.
  • a circular end wall 16 on the handle abuts a circular wall 17 on the insert 14 and thereby establishes the axial relation between the handle and the insert.
  • a cylindrical gear piece 18 has gear teeth 19 exteriorly thereon, and the insert 14 rotatably snugly and fully receives the gear 18.
  • a shown ball bearing 20 abuts the gear end 21 and the handle wall 22 for axially stabilizing the gear and providing for free rotation of the gear in the handle.
  • the gear 18 has a driver configuration at 23 for receiving an unshown but conventional work piece such that the gear can rotate the work piece, such as a screwdriver bit.
  • the gear 18 is rotatably supported in a cylindrical opening 24 in the insert 14.
  • Fig. 6 shows the insert 14 pivotally supports two pawls 26 and 27 which orbit about the axis A with the rotation of the insert 14. Teeth 28 on each pawl can engage the gear teeth 19 for rotation of the gear piece 18 with the insert 14, as desirably selected.
  • the insert 14 has two pockets 31 and 32 for respective pivotal reception of the pawls 26 and 27.
  • the insert 14 carries two pawl pivot pins 33 and 34 which extend tangentially relative to the gear 18 and which extend into openings 36 and 37 in the pawls for the pivotal mounting of the pawls for pivoting in respective planes extending tangentially relative to the gear.
  • the pawls are not aligned on a central radial plane relative to the gear 18 but instead they are offset in positions on opposite sides of a central plane ' from the gear, thus the term tangential.
  • the teeth on. the gear and on the pawls extend along a common arc and can be spaced apart at 7.5 angular degrees per tooth and thus produce smooth engagement action.
  • Exterior teeth on the gear are on the circular configuration, and the pawl teeth can extend on the circular configuration for flush meshing engagement with the gear teeth throughout at least several meshing teeth.
  • the pivot pins 3i and 34 respectively extend through the Fig. 14 two openings 38 and 39 in the insert 14, and the pins can be pressed into the insert 14 and they provide a tangentially extending pivot axis for each respective pawl and relative to the gear 18.
  • the insert pockets 31 and 32 are in part defined by planar walls 41 and 42 for respective snug and flush contact support for the respective pawls in the respective left and right driving rotation action of the particular pawl. So the pawls have respective planar walls 43 and 44 for flush contact with the pocket walls 4.1 and 42 and to be orbited thereby.
  • each pawl has a compression, spring 47 engaged therewith to urge the pawls radially inwardly.
  • the springs 47 sit in a respective opening 48 in each pawl, and the springs are also supported against the insert 14 to thereby bear radially inwardly onto the pawl ,
  • S— or 27 can be manufactured out of a hollow cylindrical base wherein the pawl teeth 28 can be formed to extend in the ⁇ herein shown axial direction and on the cylindrical bases interior wall which defines the hollow interior.
  • the cam followers 46 can be formed on the cylinder at circular locations spaced around the end wall of the cylinder.
  • the pawl side walls, such as 43 and 44, can be formed in the cylinder, 'and the cylinder can then be cut into segments which each include a cam follower 46 and thereby also each include a set of interior pawl teeth 28. The process can be repeated on another cylinder for the manufacture of a plurality of the other of the pawls 26 or 27. That assures arcuity, precision, and uniformity of the pawls and their teeth.
  • Figs. 42 through 50 show these three settings.
  • the Insert has an indicator thereon, namely SELECT, with a shown arrow, and the three settings are on a selector cap 51 which is annular and thereby ring-shaped and rotatably mounted on the insert circular surface 52 with its interior circular wall 53.
  • the insert also has indicia, as shown in Fig. 14, for instruction as to how to effect the release of the cap 51 from the insert 14, such as for cleaning the driver.
  • the cap forms a front end closure for the driver.
  • the cap 51 and the insert 14 have mutually releasably engagable portions, and that can be the bayonet type tangs 54 and the tangs 56 respectively on the insert and the cap for relative offset and then rotated for aligned overlapping, all arranged to releasably restrict the axial movement of the cap relative to the insert.
  • the cap in the fully engaged relationship as mentioned above, can rotate limitedly on the insert for the various setting markings to have the cap in the respective operative positions relative to the insert, with all in the fully assembled relationship.
  • a limit to that rotation i.s established by the cam followers 46 of the pawls being disposed in a groove 57 in the cap 51.
  • a cam 61 vjhich is on the cap and orbits with cap rotation and into the path of the extensions of the pawl followers 46. The cam 61 can thus lift the cam followers to pivot the pawls away from tooth engagement with the gear 18, as shown in Figs. 44 and 50.
  • a pin 62 extends between the insert and the cap and is spring-urged b ⁇ a spring 6.3 to s Lide among the four recesses 64 in the cap, as labeled in Fig. 26, for releasably holding the cap in the four rotated positions relative to the insert, as selected.
  • a plug 66 retains the pin 58 on the inseirt -
  • the cap 5T and the gear 18 are ax.ia.lly connected together by a locking ring 67 which is shown in a groove in the gear and. in axial abutment with the cap. Also,- the cap and. gear present axial facing abutable surfaces for each other at 68 of Fig. 8. ⁇ rusly, the cap and gear are axialiy restricted relative to each other, but they are separately rotatable, and are they are connected as one sub-assembly of the driver. The remainder of the driver constitutes the other sub-assembly of that two sub-assembly entire- driver. With the disassembly such as shown in Fig. I 1 the driver can be cleaned and/or sterilized in its interior.
  • Figs. 42 thru 50 show three operative positions, namely left, neutral, and right, are shown in Figs. 42 thru 50.
  • Fig. 49 shows the driver in the R setting which is the right drive, clockwise from the handle end.
  • the follower for that driving cam ⁇ 'l is abutting the cap stop 59, so in that mode no further rotation of the cap is possible.
  • a probe 71 of Fig. 37 is inserted into a radial extending- opening 1 ⁇ which xs adjacent the indicia CLEAM on the insert.
  • a plug 73 is radially movable on the insert in the opening 72, and the pawl spring 47 presses on the pawl flat end 74 and normally pivots the pawl radially outwardly against the plug to have the plug cover the hole 72 for protecting the driver interior from any contamination.
  • the probe 71 contacts the plug which in turn contacts the pawl flat end 74 and pivots the pawl 27 to where its follower 46 is radially moved outwardly off the stop 59, as in Figs. 38 and 39. That releases the cap for rotation to where the engaged tangs on the cap and the insert are no longer overlapping engaged.
  • the sub-assembly of the cap and gear can be removed from the remaining sub-assembly of the driver, as shown in Fig. 7.
  • Reassembly of the entire driver is bringing the two sub-assemblies together, with the use of the probe, and then rotating for tang engagement. All can be readily done in the field by the driver user.
  • Fig. 41 shows the indicia for the four steps to be followed in the disassembly, namely, first set to R, which setting aligns the pawl 27 with the hole 72. Next, the pin 71 is pushed into the insert hole, then the cap is rotated to the position of aligning CLEAN indicia with the SELECT indicia. Then withdraw the cap.
  • Fig. 15 shows the indicia SELECT on the insert for guiding the cap rotation in aligning the various settings shown and described above.
  • a radial plane R extending along the axis, and the two pawls 26 and 27 are each fully disposed on opposite sides of that plane R as viewed along the axis A.
  • the pawl pivot posts 33 and 34 lie along an axis which is perpendicular to that plane R.
  • the pawls pivot only in the respective parallel planes which are tangential to the gear teeth 19.
  • only one cam 61 is required for pivoting both pawls 26 and 27, and in neutral it extends between the two pawls.
  • the pawls have their respective teeth 28 disposed in an arcuate shape to thereby fully mesh and be in the same circular shape of the gear teeth 19.
  • the selector groove 57 has its end portion 76 extending circularly beyond the stop 59 for accommodating the additional rotation of the selector beyond the stop 59 for that release of the connection between the selector and the handle.
  • Fig. 26 also shows that the groove portion 76 is within the radial alignment of the gap 77 between the tangs 78 of the selector, for axial movement of the insert tangs 54 through the openings 77 in the axial removal of the selector from the handle.
  • the tangs 54 on the insert 14 are shown in Fig.
  • Fig. 26 also shows that the cam 61 is central from the two stops 58 and 59.
  • the groove 57 is defined by radially inward arcuate surfaces 79 but the followers 46 are free to move radially inwardly to where the pawl teeth 28 fully mesh with and rest upon the gear teeth 19.
  • the follower 46 of the pawl 27 can slide on the surface 81 which holds the pawl 27 away from the stop 59 and thus in its released position beyond stop 59, as seen in Fig. 41.
  • the teeth 19 and 28 are all V-shaped in axial view, and teeth 28 are on teeth 19 for an angulation of at least thirty degrees and move inward in their tangential planes into full teeth mesh.
  • springs 47 are located in line with the teeth 28 for firm mesh engagement.
  • the pawl pockets 31 and 32 and the pawl thicknesses can present gaps 82 of Fig. 46, and the pawls can slide along the pivot pins 33 and 34 into gear full mesh.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Details Of Spanners, Wrenches, And Screw Drivers And Accessories (AREA)

Abstract

Tournevis à cliquet comportant une poignée (10), deux cliquets (26, 27) pivotants, et un sélecteur (51) rotatif par rapport à la poignée pour actionner les cliquets par rapport à une roue dentée (18). Le sélecteur et la roue dentée sont axialement reliés et sont configurés pour être désassemblés du reste du tournevis comme un sous-ensemble pour nettoyer le tournevis. Les cliquets sont montés pivotants dans des plans parallèles et sur des faces opposées d'un plan radial s'étendant le long d'un axe longitudinal du tournevis, et ils comportent des dents en forme de V pour engrener la roue dentée. Il y a des indices permanents sur le tournevis montrant quatre configurations pour le tournevis, y compris une configuration de nettoyage.
PCT/US2006/030801 2006-08-08 2006-08-08 Tournevis à cliquet et arrangement de liaison WO2008018865A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2006/030801 WO2008018865A1 (fr) 2006-08-08 2006-08-08 Tournevis à cliquet et arrangement de liaison

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2006/030801 WO2008018865A1 (fr) 2006-08-08 2006-08-08 Tournevis à cliquet et arrangement de liaison

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008018865A1 true WO2008018865A1 (fr) 2008-02-14

Family

ID=39033290

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2006/030801 WO2008018865A1 (fr) 2006-08-08 2006-08-08 Tournevis à cliquet et arrangement de liaison

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2008018865A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2015153981A3 (fr) * 2014-04-03 2015-11-26 Zimmer, Inc. Outil orthopédique de fixation osseuse
WO2016169144A1 (fr) * 2015-04-22 2016-10-27 上海齐迈五金有限公司 Rochet
US9987067B2 (en) 2012-07-11 2018-06-05 Zimmer, Inc. Bone fixation tool
TWI649166B (zh) * 2014-01-17 2019-02-01 美商德派信迪思產品公司 扭矩限制器具(二)
US10194988B2 (en) 2014-01-17 2019-02-05 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Torque limiting instrument
US12358104B2 (en) 2021-05-27 2025-07-15 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Screwdriver with extendable shaft and bit storage

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4777852A (en) * 1986-10-02 1988-10-18 Snap-On Tools Corporation Ratcheting screwdriver
US5749272A (en) * 1996-04-24 1998-05-12 Phan; Tan Thanh Ratchet screw driver
US6047802A (en) * 1998-11-27 2000-04-11 Huang; Chin-Tan Ratchet driving mechanism
US6997084B1 (en) * 2003-12-29 2006-02-14 Pilling Weck Incorporated Ratcheting driver with pivoting pawls and method of arranging same

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4777852A (en) * 1986-10-02 1988-10-18 Snap-On Tools Corporation Ratcheting screwdriver
US5749272A (en) * 1996-04-24 1998-05-12 Phan; Tan Thanh Ratchet screw driver
US6047802A (en) * 1998-11-27 2000-04-11 Huang; Chin-Tan Ratchet driving mechanism
US6997084B1 (en) * 2003-12-29 2006-02-14 Pilling Weck Incorporated Ratcheting driver with pivoting pawls and method of arranging same
US20060075621A1 (en) * 2003-12-29 2006-04-13 Pilling Weck Incorporated Ratcheting driver with pivoting pawls and method of arranging same

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9987067B2 (en) 2012-07-11 2018-06-05 Zimmer, Inc. Bone fixation tool
TWI649166B (zh) * 2014-01-17 2019-02-01 美商德派信迪思產品公司 扭矩限制器具(二)
US10194988B2 (en) 2014-01-17 2019-02-05 DePuy Synthes Products, Inc. Torque limiting instrument
WO2015153981A3 (fr) * 2014-04-03 2015-11-26 Zimmer, Inc. Outil orthopédique de fixation osseuse
CN106456225A (zh) * 2014-04-03 2017-02-22 捷迈有限公司 用于骨固定的整形工具
US10179017B2 (en) 2014-04-03 2019-01-15 Zimmer, Inc. Orthopedic tool for bone fixation
CN106456225B (zh) * 2014-04-03 2019-02-26 捷迈有限公司 用于骨固定的整形工具
WO2016169144A1 (fr) * 2015-04-22 2016-10-27 上海齐迈五金有限公司 Rochet
US12358104B2 (en) 2021-05-27 2025-07-15 Milwaukee Electric Tool Corporation Screwdriver with extendable shaft and bit storage

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