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WO2008119366A1 - Système de visite sous-marine - Google Patents

Système de visite sous-marine Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2008119366A1
WO2008119366A1 PCT/EP2007/002986 EP2007002986W WO2008119366A1 WO 2008119366 A1 WO2008119366 A1 WO 2008119366A1 EP 2007002986 W EP2007002986 W EP 2007002986W WO 2008119366 A1 WO2008119366 A1 WO 2008119366A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tube
sightseeing
section
sighting
water
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2007/002986
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Wolfgang Mündel
Hermann RÖHLE
Andreas Seibold
Original Assignee
Muendel Wolfgang
Roehle Hermann
Andreas Seibold
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Muendel Wolfgang, Roehle Hermann, Andreas Seibold filed Critical Muendel Wolfgang
Priority to PCT/EP2007/002986 priority Critical patent/WO2008119366A1/fr
Publication of WO2008119366A1 publication Critical patent/WO2008119366A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63C—LAUNCHING, HAULING-OUT, OR DRY-DOCKING OF VESSELS; LIFE-SAVING IN WATER; EQUIPMENT FOR DWELLING OR WORKING UNDER WATER; MEANS FOR SALVAGING OR SEARCHING FOR UNDERWATER OBJECTS
    • B63C11/00—Equipment for dwelling or working underwater; Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/48—Means for searching for underwater objects
    • B63C11/49—Floating structures with underwater viewing devices, e.g. with windows ; Arrangements on floating structures of underwater viewing devices, e.g. on boats
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/44—Floating buildings, stores, drilling platforms, or workshops, e.g. carrying water-oil separating devices
    • B63B2035/4426—Stationary floating buildings for human use, e.g. floating dwellings or floating restaurants
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an underwater sightseeing system, in particular for use in the sea.
  • a visit from the water surface is possible, for example, by a swimmer with diving mask and snorkel.
  • In the tourist area also excursion boats with a glass bottom are used.
  • the proximity to the water surface limits the sightseeing opportunities.
  • the angle is not arbitrary. Lower areas below the water surface can only be viewed at a great distance, without details being visible.
  • SCUBA diving With diving mask and breathing bottle, a diver can reach deep. In addition, he can choose his observation position more or less freely. The physical and mental fitness required for this makes this form of underwater observation accessible only to a limited group of people.
  • SCUBA divers also face various dangers of sharks, jellyfish, decompression or the like. out. The occasional observed misconduct of individual divers nourishes concerns about the environmental impact of this form of underwater survey.
  • the invention has for its object to provide an environmentally sound and economical way of underwater sightseeing, which can be perceived by almost any group of people.
  • an underwater survey system which comprises a sightseeing tube whose interior provided for the movement and residence of persons.
  • An inspection section of the sightseeing tube consists in its cross-section, at least in sections, of a clear-sighted material and extends below the water surface.
  • the sightseeing tube is filled with air at least approximately under normal pressure.
  • the fixed or mobile installed sightseeing tube is guided in its below the water surface inspection section along worth seeing underwater landscapes or the like.
  • Interested persons can move on foot, on a roller conveyor, with a passenger vehicle or the like through the tube and visit the underwater landscape.
  • the air supply and filling with normal pressure allows the installation of the sightseeing tube in almost any water depth, without this means a physical burden for the user.
  • the possibilities of an underwater exploration are opened to almost any amateur.
  • the route is suitable, almost any viewing angle and viewing position can be traversed. This allows a nearly unlimited view of the underwater attraction. Although it is possible to guide the tube in close proximity to the coral reef or to another suitable location, no direct contact of the user with that location is possible. Even with intensive commercial use of the sightseeing system according to the invention adverse environmental influences are avoided. Dangers of sharks, jellyfish, decompression or the like are excluded.
  • the sightseeing tube may be convenient to the sightseeing tube, each with a start and an end point in different places to install.
  • the sightseeing tube is designed as an endless loop. Start and end points are in the same place. Entry and exit of the user takes place at the same place.
  • passenger cars in the sightseeing tube a large number of persons per unit of time can be passed through the sighting system by choosing a suitable speed and number of cycles with which the vehicles are sent on the way, whereby a high degree of economy is given.
  • the viewing tube has a free, closed end, in particular below the water surface.
  • the sighting tube is intended for the simultaneous movement of persons in opposite directions. Again, there are entry and exit at the same place.
  • the structural design is simplified. There are new possibilities for routing, assembly and maintenance. For example, segments of the sightseeing tube can be assembled on land while at the same time the sightseeing tube, which becomes larger in length, is pushed into the water on roller conveyors or the like. On the same roller conveyor, the sighting tube can be pulled out of the water or ashore for maintenance, storm or disassembly.
  • an access section of the sightseeing tube is arranged on land. This simplifies the entry and exit of interested persons. From here, the sightseeing tube leads into the water to the place to visit. Alternatively, it may be expedient to arrange the access section of the sightseeing tube floating on the water surface, in particular at sightseeing locations far away from the coastline. This can then be approached with a tour boat or the like.
  • a further advantageous alternative is to place the sightseeing tube in its entirety, including its access section, underwater, whereby an access system leading from the water surface to the access section of the sightseeing tube is to be provided.
  • an access system may include, for example, an underwater lift, a dive ball, a submersible, or the like.
  • the viewing tube is composed of segments, in particular of rectilinear segments and / or of segments curved in an arcuate manner in a horizontal direction and / or in a vertical direction.
  • the individual segments can be economically produced in a factory and delivered to the site. There they can be assembled on the shore or on a suitable ship to the desired course of the sightseeing tube according to a modular system. With a small number of different types of segments can form an almost arbitrary trajectory of the sightseeing tube.
  • the arch shape not only allows a curve in the horizontal, but also allows slopes. This makes it possible to achieve different water depths along the route along the observation tube.
  • the segments are hinged together. This allows a mutual position correction of the segments. Relative movements of the segments caused by tides and ocean currents are permitted within certain limits without the sightseeing tube being subjected to increased mechanical stresses.
  • a Gelenkmecha- mechanism and / or connecting elements between two adjacent segments are arranged within the cross section of the sightseeing tube.
  • the result is a smooth outer contour of the tube, which reduces pollution or growth with marine life.
  • An occasionally required, in particular automated cleaning of the water-side surface of the sightseeing tube is simplified.
  • operating devices for a fresh air supply of the sightseeing tube are provided.
  • fresh air nozzles and suction devices which are distributed along the tube, a constant fresh air quality can be ensured even with longer types of sightseeing tube.
  • the well-being of the users is guaranteed in every water depth of the sightseeing tube.
  • the operating devices of the sightseeing system have a ballast system acting on the sighting tube and at least partially compensating its buoyancy.
  • the displacement of the sightseeing tube including its external As a result of the displacement of water, attached attachments generate a considerable amount of hydrostatic buoyancy under water, which is at least partially compensated by the weight of the tube, including the load-bearing system. If necessary, anchorages on the seabed are subject to only minor mechanical stresses due to the buoyancy compensation of the ballast system. These can be dimensioned according to simple and cost-saving.
  • the ballast system is advantageously controllable for raising and lowering the sightseeing tube. After installation, the sightseeing tube can be lowered by appropriate adjustment of the ballast system to the desired operating depth, but if necessary also be raised or corrected.
  • a suitable control may be provided with a "suitable lowering or raising is set speed, so that a mechanical overload of the tube system is prevented.
  • the control can also be used for keeping the inspection tube in a predetermined water depth. In this
  • Trap can be dispensed with anchoring to the seabed, at least in sections.
  • the ballast system preferably has a water chamber which can be blown out with compressed air, a solid ballast and / or an inflatable airbag.
  • the fixed, not adjustable in its amount of ballast at least approximately establishes a balance between hydrostatic lift and weight-driven downforce.
  • At slightly too high - solid ballast, ie at resulting output can with the at least partially inflated airbag as part of the ballast system an additional buoyancy and thus a uniform be prepared.
  • this equilibrium position can be adjusted by means of the variable ballast in the form of the blow-out water chamber.
  • the filling volume of the gas bag can be increased, which increases the buoyancy at approximately the same tube weight.
  • water can also be discharged from the water chamber, which reduces the lowering weight force while maintaining buoyancy.
  • a resulting upward force to the water surface which can be used to increase the system.
  • Based on the equilibrium position there is also the possibility of lowering the system by reducing the volume of the gas bag and / or increasing the level inside the water chamber. Both can be done without effort by exploiting the prevailing hydrostatic ambient pressure.
  • the operating devices comprise a lifting system acting on the sighting tube for lifting the sightseeing tube to the water surface or on land.
  • the lifting system has the water chamber which can be emptied with compressed air, an emergency lifting system with the inflatable gas bag and / or a roller conveyor.
  • the sighting tube can be raised back to the water surface due to its hydrostatic buoyancy.
  • the use of a particular inflatable air with compressed air bag makes it possible in a short time a high To generate additional buoyancy. If necessary, high lifting speeds can be achieved. With such a Nothebesystem the sightseeing tube can be spent in the event of a technical defect quickly to the water surface to protect the persons therein.
  • a roller conveyor in the bank area as a lifting system allows with simple means a retraction or extension of the sightseeing tube into and out of the water.
  • the position of the sightseeing tube in the water may be advantageous to stabilize the position of the sightseeing tube in the water by active regulation.
  • This can be done in the depth direction, for example, by the aforementioned ballast system.
  • a position control via water jet nozzles, propellers or the like is possible.
  • the sightseeing tube has anchoring to the underwater floor. With relatively little effort, an exact position positioning of the sightseeing tube can be brought about relative to the site of inspection with high reliability. Deformations and mechanical stresses on the sightseeing tube due to external influences such as water currents, water level changes, swell or the like are reduced.
  • the clear sections of the viewing tube may be formed as flat or curved windows.
  • the tube wall of the viewing tube is formed, at least in sections, from a one-piece transparent tube. det. For the user results in an at least approximately unrestricted panoramic view.
  • the one-piece design of the clear tube produces a high mechanical strength with ease of manufacture. With moderate wall thicknesses, the acting hydrostatic pressure can be reliably absorbed even at high water depths.
  • an underbody is aligned with the cross section of the viewing tube such that an eye position of an average sized person passing through the viewing tube is at least approximately at a midpoint of the particular circular cross section of the viewing tube along its path of travel.
  • Optical distortions caused by the different refractive index of water and air are substantially avoided, at least when the user is looking radially.
  • the circular cross-section also improves the load capacity of the sightseeing tube against the external hydrostatic pressure.
  • the floor group with respect to the cross section of the sightseeing tube expediently leaves an undisturbed viewing angle of at least 180 °, preferably at least 270 ° and in particular about 280 °.
  • the operating equipment such as a rail system for the passenger vehicle, the air and power supply or the like disappear almost completely from the field of view of the user. This can prevent the underwater world from bending sideways out of a vehicle, leaving it virtually undisturbed. seek. In this case, angles of view are also possible obliquely downwards, which, given the depth positioning of the sightseeing tube, permits viewing of areas located further down.
  • a cleaning device which surrounds the inspection tube on the outside and is movable in an axial direction is provided.
  • this cleaning device can be moved along the tube in a self-driving manner.
  • a thorough cleaning of the outer surface of deposits, vegetation or the like is possible without having to raise the inspection system to the water surface.
  • the cleaning device between two individuals at the same speed vehicles run along to "leave. This is a purification procedure created without having to interrupt the running tour operation.
  • a passenger vehicle is provided for the persons for passing through the sightseeing tube, wherein the passenger vehicle is preferably a rail vehicle, in particular with an electromotive drive.
  • the passenger is given a high level of comfort. It may be advantageous to run the passenger vehicle freely controlled by the user.
  • the preferred training as a rail vehicle, especially with electric motor drive allows accurate guidance of the vehicle even with small tube cross-sections, without a collision of the vehicle with the tube wall is to be feared.
  • the operator of the system has the opportunity to influence the inspection process by external control of the vehicle.
  • the vehicles can be guided through the system at fixed or even varying distances or speeds. For example, it is possible to cover uninteresting sections at a higher speed but at a greater distance from the vehicle in front. At special points of view, the vehicle speed and the vehicle distance can be reduced, which allows a detailed inspection with high reliability.
  • the passenger vehicle is expediently provided for two to four, in particular single row, successively positioned persons.
  • the restriction to two to four persons per vehicle represents a suitable compromise between economic efficiency and a free view of the individual persons.
  • the arrangement of the persons in succession allows each individual an almost undisturbed panoramic view.
  • the vehicle cross-section is small overall, so that a sightseeing tube can be used with a correspondingly small cross-section.
  • the overall system can therefore be produced inexpensively, taking into account the effective water pressure, with manageable effort.
  • the passenger vehicle advantageously has an emergency supply device, in particular with an oxygen supply and / or a communication device for the passengers traveling along.
  • an emergency supply device in particular with an oxygen supply and / or a communication device for the passengers traveling along.
  • the communication device allows the supply of persons traveling along with factual information about the place of inspection, which can be supplemented, if necessary, with operating information.
  • 1 is a schematic plan view of a sea section with coral reefs and an interim guided underwater survey system according to the invention, wherein the access station is located on land,
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant of the arrangement according to FIG. 1 with the access station in the water
  • Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of the arrangement of Figure 2 with details for anchoring the floating access station and below the water surface extending sightseeing tube.
  • FIG. 4 shows a variant of the arrangement according to FIG. 3 with an access station arranged under water and an access system leading to the water surface;
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic side view of a portion of
  • FIGS. 1 to 4 shows a cross-sectional view of the arrangement according to FIG. 5 with details for the design of the floor assembly and the visibility conditions;
  • FIG. 7 shows the arrangement according to FIG. 6 with further details for the rail guidance of the passenger vehicle and for the design of the cleaning device;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic plan view of a segments of articulated section of the sightseeing tube with a straight and with a horizontally curved segment.
  • FIG. 9 is a side view of the arrangement of Figure 8 with details for the arrangement of the hinge mechanism between the two segments and the embodiment of the additionally curved in the vertical segment.
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 shows a variant of the arrangement according to FIGS. 1 and 2 with a rectilinear sighting tube closed on one side and simultaneously accessible in both directions;
  • Fig. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view of
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic plan view of a section of the sea with water 30, which along an indicated Shoreline 32 adjacent to land 31.
  • an underwater survey system is provided which includes a sighting tube 1 described in greater detail below.
  • Part of the sightseeing tube 1 is an access section 3, which leads through an access station 34 on the land 31.
  • the sightseeing tube 1 has a sighting section 2, which in its cross-section at least in sections consists of a clear-sighted material.
  • An entry or exit of the persons traveling along takes place in the access station 34.
  • the sightseeing tube 1 is designed as a closed loop, accordingly out of the access station 34 out into the water 30 and then out of the water 30 back into the same access station 34 is led into it.
  • further access stations 34 ' can be arranged along the routing of the sighting tube 1. In the exemplary embodiment shown, a total of two access stations 34 'are arranged floating on the water 30.
  • the sightseeing tube 1 is passed through the additional access stations 34 'and has access sections 3' there.
  • the two access stations 34 ' form the starting and ending point of another inspection tube 1' with a different course of an associated sighting section 2 '.
  • the sightseeing tube 1 ' is not formed as an endless loop, but has two different starting or end points, each with an access section 3 1 . In the access stations 34 'an entry or exit is possible. Furthermore, a switch between the sightseeing tubes 1, 1 'can take place.
  • the floating on the water access stations 34 ' may be configured as shown in FIG. 3. Furthermore, an underwater embodiment of FIG. 4 or an arrangement on land 31 is possible.
  • a route guidance may also be expedient in which the sighting tube 1 runs between two different access stations 34 on the land 31 and / or on or in the water 30.
  • FIG. 2 Another embodiment of the invention is shown in FIG. 2, in which the access station 34 of the sighting tube 1 formed as an endless loop is arranged on or in the water 30 as shown in FIGS. 3 or 4.
  • a fixed installation of the underwater survey system is provided.
  • the underwater sightseeing system can also be designed as a mobile unit which is dismantled for certain events, brought to the venue and temporarily set up there.
  • the underwater sightseeing system according to the invention makes it possible for virtually any group of persons to visit the coral reefs 33 or other underwater sights when driving through or passing through the sighting tube 1.
  • Fig. 3 shows a schematic sectional view of the arrangement according to Fig. 2, according to which the sightseeing tube 1 with the exception of the access section 3 and the access station 34 in the water 30 below a water surface 6 extends. If applicable, the following apply
  • the user drive through the sightseeing tube with an indicated passenger vehicle 4. Entry and exit into the passenger vehicle 4 takes place in the access station 4.
  • the access station 34 is arranged floating on the water surface 6 together with the access section 3 of the sightseeing tube 1 extending therethrough. From her or to her a section of the sightseeing tube 1 runs with a small slope in order to reach the desired depth of water below the water surface 6 with the passenger vehicle 4.
  • In the predetermined depth of the sighting section 2 is substantially horizontal, ie with a constant depth.
  • up and down passages of the sighting section 2 may also be expedient.
  • the sightseeing tube 1 is filled with air at least approximately under normal pressure by means of operating devices 5 described in more detail below. The passengers can breathe freely without personal equipment.
  • the sightseeing system has for the sightseeing tube 1 and also for the access station 34 an anchoring 16, which fixes the sightseeing system in its position in relation to an underwater floor 17 and with respect to the coral reef 33.
  • the access station 34 and the sightseeing tube 1 is clamped with indicated ropes 36.
  • a crosswise tensioning with ropes 36 is indicated in order to ensure as precise a spatial positional fixation of the access station 34 as possible.
  • the anchor 16 comprises only substantially vertically extending ropes 36 in order to absorb the hydrostatic buoyancy of the sightseeing tube 1.
  • This form of anchoring is associated with a lateral compliance, as a result of which sightseeing tube 1 can undergo lateral deflections to a limited extent. As a result, a certain flexibility against occurring tidal currents, sea state or the like is possible. However, it may also be expedient to fix the sighting tube 1 in total, for example, by a cross-bracing of the anchoring 16 in all spatial degrees of freedom with respect to the underwater floor 17 or with respect to the coral reef 33.
  • active attitude control of the survey system may be appropriate.
  • a ballast system 13 not shown here, described below in conjunction with a suitable control device
  • an active position control of the sighting tube 1 can take place, in particular in the height direction.
  • suitable control elements acting in the lateral direction such as water jet nozzles or the like
  • a horizontal position control of the sighting tube 1 and / or the access station 34 can also be carried out in conjunction with a control system in order to control swell, flow of water. gene or the like.
  • the sighting tube 1 and / or the access station (s) 34 can be provided, as shown in FIG.
  • sensors 44 which detect changes in the position of the system and / or elastic deformations of the sighting tube 1. These then serve as influencing variables for the active attitude control of the sightseeing system.
  • the sensors 44 can also be part of a safety system with which the stress on the sighting system or sightseeing tube 1 is detected.
  • the measured values recorded with the sensors 44 are permanently monitored, logged and, for example, displayed on a monitor for observation. As soon as the measured values, for example due to sea state and / or water flow, exceed a predetermined limit value, a warning signal can be triggered.
  • appropriate measures may be taken, for example by checking or reinforcing the anchorage 16 or by ceasing to operate the sighting system for the duration of the excessive loading.
  • passengers can be brought, for example with a sightseeing boat, to the floating access station 34 or be picked up by it. Such excursion boat can create at the access station 34 and settle there people or record.
  • An approach of the passengers in the sightseeing tube 1 and an exit therefrom takes place within the floating on the water surface 6 access station.
  • a variant of Fig. 4 may be expedient in which the sightseeing tube 1 in total including its access section 3 and the access station 34 below the water surface 6 in Water 30 is arranged.
  • an access system 7 leading from the water surface 6 to the access station 34 below is provided.
  • the access system 7 comprises a schematically indicated underwater elevator.
  • FIG. 4 the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 4 is identical to that of FIG.
  • FIG. 5 shows a schematic side view of a section of the sighting tube 1 according to FIGS. 1 to 4.
  • the sighting tube 1 is formed overall from individual segments which adjoin one another in the longitudinal direction. Each segment has such a limited length that it is possible to transport road, rail and / or water without problems.
  • two rectilinear segments 8 are shown, which are connected to one another at their two adjoining end faces to form a joint 39.
  • arched segments 9 according to FIGS. 8 and 9 can also be provided.
  • the two straight-line segments 8 are rigidly connected to one another by indicated connecting elements 28.
  • FIGS. 8 and 9 may also be an elastic or articulated connection, for example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 appropriate.
  • Connecting elements 28 and possibly provided, shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 hinge mechanisms 12 are in the region of the associated joint 39 and are arranged within the cross section of the sightseeing tube 1.
  • the Outer surface of a tube wall 18 of the sightseeing tube 1 is thereby undisturbed.
  • a schematically indicated cleaning device 25 shown in more detail in FIG. 7 can be moved unhindered in an axial direction 24 along the inspection tube 1 in order to clean its outer surface.
  • the illustration according to FIG. 5 also shows the passenger vehicle 4, which is provided for passing through the sightseeing tube 1.
  • the passenger vehicle 4 has wheels 38 with which it travels on a floor group 23 of the sightseeing tube 1. It may also be a Magnetschwebe- system or the like appropriate.
  • the passenger vehicle 4 is expediently provided for two to four passengers, in particular one row behind the other.
  • vehicles with individual seats, tool or equipment trailer or the like Be useful.
  • two individual seats 37 are arranged one behind the other with respect to the direction of travel or to the axial direction 24.
  • the passenger vehicle 4 is designed as an open vehicle in which passengers without special equipment in simple clothes on seats 37 can take place.
  • the sightseeing tube 1 is filled with air at least approximately under normal pressure, so that breathing apparatus or the like as well as protective suits or the like are not required.
  • FIG. 6 shows a cross-sectional view of the arrangement according to FIG. 5, according to which the sighting tube 1 has a circular cross-section.
  • the tube wall 18 of the inspection tube 1 is in the embodiment shown at least off of the joints 39 shown in Fig. 5 from a one-piece, transparent cross-section clear tube 19 is formed.
  • the transparent tube 19 may be made of glass, acrylic or the like and is preferably made of transparent polycarbonate, whereby a high mechanical loading capacity and a high scratch resistance of the surface are achieved.
  • an elliptical cross section or another suitable cross section may be expedient, which on the one hand produces a sufficiently high resistance to mechanical loads and in particular to the acting hydrostatic water pressure, and on the other hand enables a good view while avoiding optical distortions.
  • an optical film 54 is applied by way of example to the outside of the tube wall 18, which has a Fresnel lens structure, not shown in the drawing.
  • the Fresnel lens structure of the optical film 54 functions as a magnifying glass. It may also be advantageous to mold the Fresnel lens structure or other suitable optical means directly into the transparent tube 19 or into its surface.
  • the floor assembly 23 and the geometric design of the passenger vehicle 4 are tuned with each other and with respect to the cross section of the sightseeing tube 1, or aligned so that a person driving with the passenger vehicle 4 21 receives optimal visibility.
  • the seat height of the passenger vehicle 4 is selected relative to the bottom group 23 such that an eye position 20 of the schematically illustrated, average person 21 is at least approximately in a center 22 of the cross section of the sightseeing tube 1 or above.
  • Operating means 5 of the underwater sighting system comprise schematically indicated pipelines with blow-out and suction devices for a fresh air supply within the sightseeing tube 1, an electrical power supply for the passenger vehicles 4, a ballast system 13 and a lifting system 53.
  • the aforementioned operating devices 5 are complete in the embodiment shown However, as an alternative, at least for the most part, arranged or combined within the floor group 23. In this case, a part of the floor assembly 23 " with the operating devices 5 lies within the tube cross-section and another part outside the tube cross-section. The arrangement of the operating devices 5 within the floor group 23 avoids a visual restriction for the person
  • the width and positioning of the floor assembly 23 with the operating equipment 5 is selected such that the person 21 relative to their eye position 20 lying in the cross section of the sightseeing tube 1 undisturbed viewing angle ⁇ of at least 180 °, preferably at least
  • the passenger vehicle 4 is equipped with an emergency supply device 26 not shown in detail, in particular an oxygen supply for the passengers Persons 21 includes.
  • the passenger vehicle 4 has a communication device 27 for the passengers 21, which may include, for example, screens for a visual data supply of the persons 21.
  • a communication device 27 for the passengers 21, which may include, for example, screens for a visual data supply of the persons 21.
  • Headphones for the transmission of audio data shown graphically.
  • microphones for queries of the person 21 to a central control room or for the communication of the persons 21 with each other may be expedient.
  • the displacement volume of the sightseeing tube 1 in connection with its air filling creates a considerable hydrostatic buoyancy in the water 30.
  • the buoyancy is at least partially compensating ballast system 13.
  • the ballast system 13 includes a permanently installed ballast 45
  • a variable ballast portion of the ballast system 13 is provided, which in the embodiment shown also includes a water chamber 15, likewise arranged in the bottom group 23, but outside the tube cross-section, and gas bags 29.
  • the water chamber 15 and the fixed ballast 45 are at least approximately evenly distributed in the longitudinal direction of the sightseeing tube 1, so that mechanical stresses due to an uneven resulting buoyancy distribution are avoided or at least reduced.
  • the water chamber 15 can be filled with water to any selectable level, with a complete or partial filling or even a complete emptying can be brought about.
  • the total weight of the respective tube section is greater than its hydrostatic lift.
  • the tube section or sightseeing tube as a whole can thereby be lowered and brought into a greater depth of water.
  • To reduce the Wasserstan- within the water chamber 15 is compressed air from the
  • the total weight of sighting tube 1, including its fixed ballast 45, is selected such that, when water chamber 15 is completely blown out, the hydrostatic buoyancy acting is greater than the total weight. The result is a resulting buoyancy, which drives the underwater sightseeing tube 1 upwards. At a certain level in the water chamber 15 is located on the sightseeing tube 1 to a state of equilibrium between the drive and driven on. The sightseeing tube 1 then floats on constant water depth without further external influences. In contrast, increased emptying of the water chamber 15 creates a resulting buoyancy. This can be used to lift the sighting tube 1.
  • the water chamber 15, the gas bags 29 and the fixed ballast 45 are dimensioned such that upon complete filling of the water chamber 15 with water and emptying the airbags 29, the total weight of the sightseeing tube 1 is greater than its hydrostatic buoyancy.
  • This state can be used to lower the sighting tube 1 preassembled, for example, on the water surface 6 or on the land 31 (FIG. 1) below the water surface 6 to the desired water depth.
  • the fill level in the water chamber 15 and / or the inflated state of the gas bags 29 can be controlled.
  • the resulting buoyancy or Abstriebskraft lifting or lowering the sightseeing tube 1 can be set with selectable vertical speeds.
  • the sightseeing tube 1 floats free of force in the intended depth of water.
  • this limbo does not have a stable equilibrium.
  • an unrepresented control system can also be provided, by means of which the filling level inside the water chamber 15 and / or the inflating state of the airbags 29 control the level.
  • sighting tube 1 is kept in the intended water depth.
  • an anchoring 16 (FIGS. 3, 4) may possibly be dispensed with.
  • the lift system 53 further includes the emergency lift system 14 for lifting the sighting tube 1 to the water surface 6 ( Figures 3, 4).
  • the Nothebesystem 14 may be formed by the inflatable water chamber 15.
  • the gas bags 29 are provided to form the Nothebesystems 14, which can be filled if necessary with stored in pressure vessels gas, compressed air from the operating devices 5 or from other gas sources. When inflated, the entire water displacement of the sightseeing tube 1 and thus its hydrostatic lift increase. This total is greater than the acting weight forces, so that a resulting buoyancy force to the water surface 6 (Fig. 3, 4) out.
  • any existing anchors 16 (FIGS. 3, 4) are capped so that the sighting tube 1 lifts onto the water surface 6 due to its increased hydrostatic buoyancy.
  • Fig. 7 still shows the arrangement of Fig. 6 with further details.
  • the passenger vehicle 4 is designed as a rail vehicle with electric motor drive.
  • the operating devices 5 include a sunken into the bottom group 23 rail 40, along which the passenger vehicle 4 is guided.
  • this pantograph 41 has, for example, in the form of sliding contacts or the like, the supply current from the floor assembly 23.
  • the wheels 38 roll on a surface of the floor assembly 23, while the rail guide is formed by the guided in the rail 40 middle pantograph 41. It may also be expedient to let the wheels 38 run directly on rails of the floor assembly 23.
  • a battery operation may be appropriate.
  • the electromotive drive it is also possible to select a different drive form which, while avoiding formation of exhaust gas, does not impair the respiratory air within the sighting tube 1.
  • the cleaning device 25 surrounds the sighting tube 1 on its outer side at least approximately in that cross-sectional angle which corresponds to the viewing angle ⁇ according to FIG. 6.
  • the cleaning device 25 is provided with various cleaning elements.
  • brushes 42 and / or spray nozzles 43 are arranged distributed over the circumference.
  • the cleaning device 25 is moved in the axial direction 24 along the viewing tube 1 as shown in FIG. This can for example be done independently by a drive, not shown, of the cleaning device 25.
  • the brushes 42, the spray nozzles 43 and / or other suitable means thereby clean the outer surface of the sighting tube 1.
  • FIG. 8 shows, in a schematic plan view, a section of sightseeing tube 1 composed of segments in an articulated manner.
  • a rectilinear segment 8 adjoins an arcuately curved segment 9 in the horizontal direction 10.
  • rectilinear and arcuate segments 8, 9 can be brought within a horizontal plane corresponding to the illustration of FIGS. 1 and 2, an almost arbitrary trajectory of the sightseeing tube 1.
  • the illustration according to FIG. 8 can still be seen that the segments 8, 9 are connected to one another in an articulated manner.
  • the sighting tube 1 is provided with an elastic wall region 46 and with a joint mechanism 12.
  • the articulation mechanism 12 is substantially rigid with respect to the axial direction 24, while, together with the elastic wall region 46, it permits pivoting of the two segments 8, 9 relative to each other about a hinge axis 47.
  • the articulated connection can be used in any joints 39, regardless of whether 39 adjacent rectilinear or curved segments 8, 9 in any combination to the respective joint.
  • Fig. 9 shows a side view of the arrangement according to Fig. 8, according to which the curved segment 9 is arcuately curved in the vertical direction 11.
  • the segment 9 is curved both in the horizontal direction 10 and in the vertical direction 11.
  • Segments 9 may also be expedient, which are alternatively curved in an arcuate manner only in the horizontal direction 10 or in the vertical direction 11.
  • the hinge mechanism 12 according to FIGS. 8 and 9, as shown in FIG. 9, has a hinge axis 47 extending in the vertical direction 11, according to which a horizontal pivotal movement of the segments 8, 9 against each other is possible.
  • an embodiment of the joint mechanism 12 may be useful in which a vertical RelatiwerSchwenkung is possible with the horizontal hinge axis.
  • the illustrated articulated connection of the segments 8, 9 allows at least a limited compliance of the sighting tube 1 against external loads such as water currents, waves or the like.
  • the articulated connection moreover permits a mutual position change of at least individual segments 8, 9 in order to maintain the desired trajectory of the sighting tube 1 even with increasing external loads.
  • the inspection tube 1 has an access section 3 in the access station 34, wherein the access station 34 is arranged with the access section 3 on the land 31. From there, the sightseeing tube 1 is led into the water 30, so that the sighting section 2 lies in the water 30 between coral reefs 33.
  • the inspection tube 1 has a free, closed end 49 lying below the water surface 6 (FIG. 11).
  • the sightseeing tube 1 is divided into two sections running parallel to one another by means of a longitudinal division 48 shown in more detail in FIG. 11.
  • the longitudinal pitch 48 terminates short of the free end 49 at a distance therefrom, so that persons 21 (FIG. 11) can run along arrows 50 to the free end 49, invert there, and move back on the opposite side of the longitudinal pitch 48 ,
  • the longitudinal division 48 facilitates spatially separate, simultaneous movement of the person 21 in opposite directions.
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the sighting tube according to FIG. 10 with details of the longitudinal separation 48. This can be designed as a railing, partition or the like and is lower in the height direction than the eye position 20 of the persons 21 passed through no visual obstruction for the persons 21 dar.
  • FIGS. 11 show a schematic cross-sectional configuration of FIGS.
  • the sightseeing tube 1 is provided in the embodiment of FIG. 11 with an elliptical cross-section. However, it may also be desirable to have a circular cross section or other suitable cross section.
  • the person 21 standing upright in FIG. 11 indicates that the exemplary embodiment according to FIGS. 10 and 11 provides for walking on the sightseeing tube 1.
  • the use of a passenger vehicle 4, a roller conveyor or the like may be appropriate.
  • FIG. 11 shows that the sightseeing tube 1 is provided in its sighting section 2 with a ballast system 13 and with an emergency lifting system 14.
  • the controlled ballast system 13 With the controlled ballast system 13, the desired depth of the sighting tube 1 is maintained in the water 30 below the water surface 6 during operation.
  • the controlled ballast system 13 makes it possible to dispense with an anchoring 16 according to FIGS. 3 and 4, so that any raising or lowering of the sightseeing tube 1 with the lifting system 53 in the form of the roller conveyor 51 (FIG. 10) is possible.
  • FIG. 10 is correct and FIG. 11 corresponds to the previously described embodiments.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
  • Motorcycle And Bicycle Frame (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système de visite sous-marine destiné à une utilisation en eaux libres, en particulier en mer. Ce système de visite sous-marine comprend un tube de visite (1) à l'intérieur duquel des personnes peuvent se déplacer et séjourner. Une partie de visite (2) de ce tube de visite (1) est constituée au moins partiellement dans sa section d'une matière transparente et s'étend sous la surface de l'eau (6). Le tube de visite (1) est rempli d'air au moins approximativement à la pression normale.
PCT/EP2007/002986 2007-04-03 2007-04-03 Système de visite sous-marine WO2008119366A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2007/002986 WO2008119366A1 (fr) 2007-04-03 2007-04-03 Système de visite sous-marine

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2007/002986 WO2008119366A1 (fr) 2007-04-03 2007-04-03 Système de visite sous-marine

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2008119366A1 true WO2008119366A1 (fr) 2008-10-09

Family

ID=38109604

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2007/002986 WO2008119366A1 (fr) 2007-04-03 2007-04-03 Système de visite sous-marine

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Country Link
WO (1) WO2008119366A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH500657A (de) * 1969-04-18 1970-12-31 Intamin Ag Besichtigungsanlage
US3708991A (en) * 1971-02-19 1973-01-09 W Barkley Submarine home
FR2470044A1 (fr) * 1979-11-27 1981-05-29 Perez Conde Jose Ile flottante autonome en energie
FR2593726A1 (fr) * 1986-02-03 1987-08-07 Goulet Jean Luc Nettoyeur de concretions pour structures immergees
FR2662378A1 (fr) * 1990-05-28 1991-11-29 Bayonne Chambre Commerce Ind Appareil de nettoyage automatique de surfaces vitrees ou autres.
US6053267A (en) * 1998-06-25 2000-04-25 Technical Mechanical Resource Associates, Inc. Coating removal vehicle with inflatable suction ring
DE10257243A1 (de) * 2002-12-07 2004-06-24 Wulff, Andreas, Dipl.-Ing. Unterwasserkammer, insbesondere zur Beobachtung der Unterwasserwelt

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH500657A (de) * 1969-04-18 1970-12-31 Intamin Ag Besichtigungsanlage
US3708991A (en) * 1971-02-19 1973-01-09 W Barkley Submarine home
FR2470044A1 (fr) * 1979-11-27 1981-05-29 Perez Conde Jose Ile flottante autonome en energie
FR2593726A1 (fr) * 1986-02-03 1987-08-07 Goulet Jean Luc Nettoyeur de concretions pour structures immergees
FR2662378A1 (fr) * 1990-05-28 1991-11-29 Bayonne Chambre Commerce Ind Appareil de nettoyage automatique de surfaces vitrees ou autres.
US6053267A (en) * 1998-06-25 2000-04-25 Technical Mechanical Resource Associates, Inc. Coating removal vehicle with inflatable suction ring
DE10257243A1 (de) * 2002-12-07 2004-06-24 Wulff, Andreas, Dipl.-Ing. Unterwasserkammer, insbesondere zur Beobachtung der Unterwasserwelt

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