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WO2009068993A1 - Procédé de fluidification de sédiments et de récupération d'hydrocarbures à partir de réservoirs de stockage d'hydrocarbures - Google Patents

Procédé de fluidification de sédiments et de récupération d'hydrocarbures à partir de réservoirs de stockage d'hydrocarbures Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009068993A1
WO2009068993A1 PCT/IB2008/003609 IB2008003609W WO2009068993A1 WO 2009068993 A1 WO2009068993 A1 WO 2009068993A1 IB 2008003609 W IB2008003609 W IB 2008003609W WO 2009068993 A1 WO2009068993 A1 WO 2009068993A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tank
fluidization
hydrocarbon
oily
sludge
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2008/003609
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English (en)
Spanish (es)
Inventor
Humberto Vidales Olaya
Luz Edelmira Afanador Rey
Martha Josefina Parra Ramirez
Lilia Rodriguez Rodriguez
Elena Losik
Jose Isaias Vargas Navarro
Original Assignee
Ecopetrol S.A.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by Ecopetrol S.A. filed Critical Ecopetrol S.A.
Publication of WO2009068993A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009068993A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
    • B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
    • B08B9/093—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by the force of jets or sprays
    • B08B9/0933—Removing sludge or the like from tank bottoms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/20—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
    • B01F25/21—Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams with submerged injectors, e.g. nozzles, for injecting high-pressure jets into a large volume or into mixing chambers

Definitions

  • the present application relates to a fluidization method for removing oily sludges or sludges that are deposited in the bottoms of the hydrocarbon storage tanks and which also includes the recovery of the hydrocarbons.
  • the oil In oil fields, once the oil is extracted from the subsoil, it must be subjected to processes to remove the water and salt associated with it. After these treatments, the crude ones are stored in tanks to later be transported to the refining centers or to the ports for export. In addition to water, the oil contains well sand and other materials, such as pipe oxides. Once the crude oil arrives at the refineries, they are subjected to distillation and treatment processes to obtain products such as gasoline, diesel, kerosene, naphtha, etc. During the development of these processes, water formation and entrainment of solid materials, such as catalyst residues and metal oxides, are presented. The distilled products obtained are also stored in tanks before being dispatched to distribution centers for consumption.
  • tanks For the storage of these hydrocarbons tanks are used that can be from low capacity (180 m 3 ) to high capacity (40,000 m 3 ), which can have diameters between 4 and 60 meters.
  • the tanks depending on the product they store, can be fixed roof (conical, oval) or floating roof.
  • sedimentation processes occur where the densest compounds, such as water, heavy and solid hydrocarbons accumulate at the bottom of the tank to form pasty and viscous materials, which are called borras or oily sludge, hereinafter oily sludge.
  • the hydrocarbon present in the oily sludge is formed by some heavy compounds, such as asphaltenes, resins and / or paraffins, which precipitate due to different mechanisms trapping water and solids in this process.
  • the sediments or solids can be oxides, sands, fine particles and metallic waste.
  • the method of the present invention allows the cleaning of tanks containing light, semi-heavy or heavy hydrocarbons, removing oily sludge, which reduces the need for personnel to remove them and the days when the tank is out of service, improving Ia recovery of the hydrocarbons that formed them and minimizing the emission of pollutants.
  • Oily sludges are composed of hydrocarbons, water and sediments.
  • the hydrocarbons can be paraffins, asphaltenes, resins and the sediments can be metal residues caused by oxidation of the pipes or the tanks themselves, inorganic materials, sands, fine particles and metallic residues of different kinds. This situation produces deposits in storage tanks which generate pollutants that affect subsequent refining and transportation processes.
  • the type and consistency of oily sludge depends on the product stored.
  • distillates are colloidal oily sludges of low viscosity and easy fluidization; those of light hydrocarbons and paraffinic media are oily and pasty sludges of low fluidity, which require recirculation and / or heating to eliminate their paraffinic characteristic, which makes them solid at the temperature inside the storage tank.
  • additives To melt or disperse the present paraffin, additives must be heated or added and subjected to stirring processes to ensure fluidization.
  • the oily sludges of semi-heavy and heavy hydrocarbons are of low fluidity and high viscosity, so dilution and / or heating is required for their fluidization, since they have a high content of asphaltenes and resins.
  • a conventional way of cleaning tanks is basically the manual sludge removal. Said cleaning consists of entering personnel crews inside the tank for short periods of time (10 minutes) to proceed to the removal of oily sludge or sludge manually, using shovels and buckets.
  • Fixed roof tanks have a design that allows the entire weight of the tank roof to be deposited on its walls.
  • Floating roof tanks are designed so that the roof floats on the fluid they store and has hollow guides or tubes distributed throughout the roof area that are used to seat the roof to the tank floor when they are in the maintenance position.
  • US Patent 5,335,395 describes an apparatus for removing sludge, which is inserted through the manhole to the storage tank.
  • the apparatus includes a platform connected to a pump and two channels connected to the platform, which have a kind of drill or endless, which cuts the sludge and leads to the entrance of the pump.
  • US Patent 5,008,035 relates to a process of fluidization of heavy crudes and grouts composed of catalyst, coke and asphalt residues.
  • the process comprises a heating stage with mixing at a temperature of up to 6O 0 C, the addition of a fluidizing agent comprising the following compounds: water (15-85%), a nonylphenoxylated additive, formaldehyde with a molecular weight between 1000 and 25000, surfactants with HLB between 40 and 5, such as condensed alkanolamides, ethoxylated fatty alcohol phosphates and mixtures thereof, and organic solvents such as naphtha, aromatic naphtha, heavy naphtha, alkylated or light aromatic and mixtures thereof, with these ingredients and residues hot grouts are formed, which are mixed until their fluidization
  • a fluidizing agent comprising the following compounds: water (15-85%), a nonylphenoxylated additive, formaldehyde with a molecular weight between 1000 and 25000, surfactants with HLB between
  • US 5,611, 869 discloses a method and composition for the cleaning of oily sludges in storage tanks in refineries.
  • the process forms an emulsion, which cleans the mud.
  • the cleaning solution is formed of a resin of an alkylphenol formaldehyde of molecular weight 500 to 5000, dialkyl polyethylene or glycol, and a solvent selected from the group consisting of alcohols aqueous solution Ci to C 8 as alcohol, glycol, or glycol ether.
  • the emulsion formed is sent to another container, where an emulsion breaker is added, such as a polyalkylamine or polyamine or aluminum salts.
  • Said patent claims an emulsifying additive and the method of breaking the emulsion.
  • the present patent application does not require the formation of an emulsion and its subsequent rupture for hydrocarbon recovery, which implies a greater number of stages, additives, time, costs and control of the emulsion.
  • the invention of this application only requires hydrocarbons similar to that stored in the tank or, in the case of heavy crude, refining diluents are used which allows the hydrocarbon to be recovered at the end of the fluidization stage.
  • there are methods that employ microorganisms for the cleaning process as is the case of US patent 6,069,002, which describes a method for removing sludge from storage tanks and the recovery of hydrocarbon from said sludge. The method is applied in the tank.
  • the treatment consists of adding a biological system (microorganisms) and the nutrients required for its development (water, nitrogen, phosphorus) to the tank, then the tank is vigorously agitated, after which it is left at rest until the separation of the phases, then the tank is sampled and the hydrocarbon is removed, finally the rest of the content of the tank is removed.
  • a biological system microorganisms
  • nutrients required for its development water, nitrogen, phosphorus
  • This type of method is basically for light or medium hydrocarbons, that is to say with densities higher than water, but for heavy hydrocarbons ( ⁇ IO ° API) it does not apply because a good definition of the phases cannot be achieved and the hydrocarbon will not float , but it will be deposited in the bottom of the tank or in its intermediates. Additionally, the nutrients required for the development of microorganisms can affect the quality of the recovered hydrocarbon.
  • microorganisms implies strict control of process conditions (pH), since these organisms are very sensitive to this factor.
  • This method includes the addition of the treatment fluid at pressures of 0.02 MPa to 0.14 MPa, while the present invention is carried out at low pressures (0.01 MPa) and does not include the incorporation of a biological system.
  • US 6,142,160 discloses a method and an apparatus that is used for the internal cleaning of crude oil tanks, where hydrocarbons accumulate by sedimentation over time.
  • the apparatus consists of two concentric tubes with a nozzle to inject wash fluid and produce a spray.
  • the apparatus has a system that allows its displacement, however, it has the disadvantage that the displacement of the tube can only be carried out in one direction, that is, towards the front of the manhole entrance, which prevents a total sweep of the tank .
  • US Patent 6,033,901 describes a method for removing sludge from a crude storage tank and the recovery of mud hydrocarbons. The method is developed inside the tank. The mud is initially studied to determine the method of treatment.
  • the sludge treatment is placed in the tank, it is mixed and shaken vigorously. A heating and addition process of diluent hydrocarbon and / or surfactant or enzymes is included. Subsequently the hydrocarbons are recovered from the tank and then the rest of the contents of the tank are removed, which can be filtered. They use discharge pressures from 0.07 MPa to 0.14 MPa.
  • the previous method has the disadvantage of requiring high pressures (0.07 to 0.14 MPa), which can affect the integrity of the tank.
  • the present invention is carried out at low pressures and does not use a biological system.
  • Application WO06 / 001797 describes a method for cleaning the walls of a tank using pressurized air, which is injected into the tank by means of nozzles. It also uses liquids in the form of drops such as water or detergents or disinfectants or antifungal, which are charged by the air flow. It also uses solids such as sand or plastic or glass to clean.
  • Document RU 2,150,341 describes a process that consists of the installation of a stirrer in the tank and the injection of diluent and steam. Once the mixture is homogenized, it is pumped into a decanter to perform a centrifugal separation.
  • US Patent 3,436,263 relates to a process for cleaning tanks that consists of applying a chemical liquid inside the internal surface of the tank, leaving a residence time to optimize the efficiency of the chemical and then washing the walls with water to remove the chemical and the deposits contained in the surface of the tank walls.
  • Said patent does not perform fluidization of the oily sludge, it only raises the cleaning of the tank walls, that is, it is only applied after the oily sludge has been removed from the tank.
  • the US patent 1, 891, 592 relates to a method and an apparatus for cleaning tanks, which consists of installing devices inside the tank, before starting the cleaning process, and then sealing the tank and proceed to inject a volatile non-combustible vapor (carbon tetrachloride) or a gas, which acts as a detergent on the hydrocarbon. They also inject calcium chloride and steam to condense and precipitate the gaseous mixture and subsequently, remove all these liquids from the tank.
  • a volatile non-combustible vapor carbon tetrachloride
  • a gas which acts as a detergent on the hydrocarbon. They also inject calcium chloride and steam to condense and precipitate the gaseous mixture and subsequently, remove all these liquids from the tank.
  • Reference CA 2295723 describes a method for removing sludge from tanks and recovering the hydrocarbon from the mud. It consists of placing a treatment for the fluid, the injection of this treatment is performed at high pressure (0.02-0.14 MPa), then vigorously stirred and subsequently, the liquids are removed from the tank. It also includes heating.
  • Document KR 040031477 discloses an apparatus for removing sludge from tanks, which prevents sludge deposits at the bottom of the tank.
  • the apparatus consists of a guide that is installed on the top of the tank, a roller installed in the guide, a movable panel, a pump, and suction and discharge lines connected to the pump. This device requires installing a somewhat complex and careful infrastructure, and does not apply to conical fixed roof tanks.
  • the inventors of the present application developed a fluidization method to remove oily sludges from any type of hydrocarbon storage tank, either fixed roof or floating roof, which can be operated for both tanks that store hydrocarbons heavy as for tanks that store light, or light heavy hydrocarbons and that also includes the recovery of the hydrocarbon.
  • a method has been developed that consists of the following stages: diagnosis and definition of the process of detection, measurement and characterization of oil sludges or sludge, adaptation or installation of the fluidization system, fluidization by agitation and hydrocarbon recovery.
  • the adaptation or installation stage comprises the variation of the direction of the agitators in the case that the tank has these elements.
  • a fluidization system is installed through the tank manhole.
  • Said system comprises: a manahole cover (1) adapted to receive on its external side a manifold (3), which is connected to a pump (4), which takes product from the tank and recirculates it through the manhole.
  • Said manifold comprises three pipes connected to independent valves (2) and is coupled to the manhole cover (1) by means of flanges (5a, 5b).
  • said manhole cover (1) comprises on its inner side, one or more nozzle tubes (6), preferably three nozzle tubes, to which the nozzles (7) are coupled by means of flanges, as can be see in Figures 1 to 4.
  • the method disclosed here has slight variations in some of its stages, depending on the type of tank and the type of hydrocarbon it contains.
  • the fluidization stage comprises three steps: agitation (usually by recirculation of the same crude in the tank), separation and withdrawal of the resulting product.
  • the tank to be treated stores light crudes (> 28 ° API)
  • the crudes are removed to the minimum level allowed by the tank specifications and the fluidization stage comprises the steps of diluent addition, agitation (usually by recirculation of the crude or by means of the fluidization system adapted to said tank), separation and removal of the resulting product.
  • the fluidization stage comprises the steps of light crude oil treatment, which are repeated for several cycles.
  • the method differs from that used for semi-heavy crudes in that after removal of the product the tank is opened, in the fluidization stage the diluent is mixed with solvents and heats, prior incorporation into the tank that you want to treat.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to provide a method of removing oily sludge in storage tanks that contain different types of hydrocarbons (light or light heavy or heavy) and that can be carried out both in tanks with internal elements, as in tanks without any internal elements.
  • As another objective of the present invention is to provide a method of removal of oily sludges deposited in storage tanks, which allows the recovery of the hydrocarbon contained in the oily sludge, thus reducing the environmental liability that generates its disposal and generating savings and benefits for the recovery of the hydrocarbon.
  • Figure 1 Front view of the manhole cover, which comprises three pipes for connecting, on the one hand, the nozzles of the fluidization system and on the other the manifold of the recirculation system.
  • Figure 2 Top view of the fluidization system with recirculation showing the arrangement of the nozzles adapted to the manhole.
  • Figure 3 Side view of the section of the tank where the location of the fluidization nozzles is shown.
  • FIG. 4 Top view of the detail of the fluidization system of the invention installed in a manhole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
  • the method for the removal of oily sludges from hydrocarbon storage tanks depends on the type of tank, the kind of hydrocarbon it stores and the arrangement of the internal elements that each tank has. These internal elements can be dynamic stirrers and / or a pump recirculation system. Likewise, there are also tanks without any internal elements.
  • stage a) corresponding to the diagnosis and definition of the process, the characteristics of the tank are evaluated, to establish the best way to carry out the fluidization process and the requirements or not for adjustments or the installation of additional systems to achieve the fluidization.
  • stage b) Measurement and characterization of borras or oily sludge.
  • Stage b) for measuring and characterizing oily sludge comprises the characterization of oily sludge to determine: hydrocarbon content, water and solids in order to justify and establish a process of hydrocarbon recovery after fluidization and / or treatment of the remaining sludge.
  • the rheology of the oily sludge and of the mixtures with diluents is established, to predict the dilution and manageability of the mixture during the fluidization.
  • the oily sludge density is also evaluated to determine the amount of diluent required to obtain a good phase separation, when heavy hydrocarbons are fluidized.
  • the stage of adaptation of the fluidization system consists of adjusting the existing agitators so that, instead of remaining in a fixed direction as is usually provided for hydrocarbon storage tanks, these periodically change orientation so that the greater amount of the cross-sectional area of the tank is covered.
  • a fluidization system is installed through the tank manhole.
  • Said system comprises: a manahole cover (1) adapted to receive on its external side a manifold (3), which is connected to a pump (4), which takes product from the tank and recirculates it through the manhole.
  • Said manifold comprises three pipes connected to independent valves (2) and is coupled to the manhole cover (1) by means of flanges (5a, 5b).
  • said manhole cover (1) comprises on its inner side, one or more nozzle tubes (6), preferably three nozzle tubes, to which the nozzles (7) are coupled by means of flanges, as can be see in Figures 1 to 4.
  • the steps to follow to adapt the tank with the fluidization system are the following: remove the hydrocarbon from the tank, up to a level below the manhole. Remove the lid from the manhole and replace said lid with a properly modified one to receive both the manifold (3) and the nozzles (6).
  • the nozzles conditioned in the tank manhole are located at three different angles, to generate flow patterns that will allow fluidizing the oily sludge, as seen in Figure 2.
  • the Figures 3 and 4 show the side view of the fluidization system in the tank and the front view of the modified manhole respectively.
  • these fluidization systems are installed in all manholes, in order to ensure fluidization throughout the entire tank area. d) Fluidization.
  • the fluidization stage in turn comprises three main steps, agitation, separation and removal of the resulting product.
  • this stage may include additional steps to achieve the total removal of the oily sludge.
  • the different steps of the fluidization stage are described below, depending on the kind of hydrocarbon stored in the tank:
  • the fluidization stage c) comprises the three basic steps, mentioned above, and with them the reduction and in some tanks, the total removal of the oily sludge is achieved.
  • the hydrocarbons are removed from the tank, to the minimum level allowed by the tank specifications, diluent is added to the tank and the stirring, separation and removal steps are carried out. resulting product.
  • the fluidization stage when the oily sludges come from semi-heavy crudes, between 18 0 API at 28 ° API, comprises the same steps of the fluidization stage of the light crude treatment and repeats the entire sequence of steps one or more times, depending on the composition of the oiled sludge.
  • the diluent used for the treatment of oily sludges derived from light and medium crudes is the same crude stored in the tank;
  • the diluent will be the light hydrocarbon available in the area, preferably mixed with Light Cycle Oil (ALC) or other aromatic diluents.
  • ALC Light Cycle Oil
  • paraffinic oily sludge a mixture of paraffin dispersant additives and asphalt from refinery products is used, which are added in quantities of 100 to 800 ppm.
  • the preferred modalities of the invention are considered, in which the presence or no of agitators or recirculation with pump.
  • Fluidization stage for tanks with agitators or pump recirculation Fluidization stage for tanks with agitators or pump recirculation.
  • the fluidization stage comprises the periodic agitation by changing the direction of the agitators with a certain frequency. If said tank contains Light distillates, it is possible that the agitation of the tank modifying the directions of agitation achieves the total elimination of oily sludge.
  • pre-fluidization For light and medium hydrocarbons (° API> 18) stored in tanks with mechanical stirrers, periodic agitation in different directions constitutes a first part of the fluidization that has been called pre-fluidization. This can be carried out with any level of crude in the tank, to the minimum that allows the use of mechanical agitators. If there are paraffinic oily sludges, a mixture of paraffin dispersant additives and asphaltenes from refinery products, in an amount of 100 ppm and 800 ppm, is used in addition to the diluent.
  • the fluidization stage consists of the following steps: stir the tank permanently for 90 hours using the side stirrers and varying the mixing angle every 10 hours, at least three times before removing it To maintenance, combine angle changes with filling and emptying intervals of the tank.
  • the tank is left at rest for a period between 5 hours and 24. hours, then the free water is drained and the tank is vacated to a minimum level.
  • the quality of the pumped oil is monitored (API and BS&W Gravity).
  • API and BS&W Gravity The manhole is opened, the tank is inspected and the hydrocarbon is finished using an auxiliary pump. If remaining oily sludges remain, they will be fluidized with emulsified washing.
  • an anionic dispersant additive is added, preferably an aqueous solution consisting of a strong base, a weak acid and polymer, on the oily sludge, water is added and recirculated under pressure. , to achieve the fluidization of oily sludge.
  • a pump is installed to send the fluidized oily sludge to the tank intended for the separation of hydrocarbon and water.
  • the tank for floor and wall cleaning is delivered as stipulated, and the separation tank is left at rest for 24 hours to separate the hydrocarbon by decantation, the water is drained from the tank, treated with known physicochemical methods and controlled its quality. The remaining hydrocarbon is recirculated and characterized to determine and adjust its quality.
  • Fluidization stage for tanks without agitators or pump recirculation Fluidization stage for tanks without agitators or pump recirculation.
  • the method is carried out in tanks without agitator and without pump recirculation, to which the fluidization system shown in Figures 1 to 4 has been adapted.
  • the process is carried out with a closed tank.
  • the fluidization To fluidize the oily sludges produced by heavy hydrocarbons (API ⁇ 18,) in tanks with the aforementioned fluidization system, the fluidization must be carried out in an open tank, using diluents from mixtures of refinery streams and applying heat to the diluent before of incorporating it into the tank.
  • the process for the fluidization of the oily sludge begins with the following steps: connect the manhole cover (1) that already has the fluidization manifold (3) with the portable pump (4) and the recirculation system, see Figure 2. Fill the tank with diluent, until it reaches a height of 1.2 meters to 2.0 meters, preferably 1.5 meters, if it is a conical tank or, 8 to 2.3 meters, preferably 2 meters if it is floating roof.
  • the product of the tank is allowed to decant for at least three hours.
  • the product is removed from the tank until the transfer pump loses suction.
  • the specific method to be followed for the fluidization of oily sludge of oil with an open tank consists in recirculating the diluent in the tank by means of two or more nozzles located on the floor thereof, the position of said nozzles will change in the as the process of the fluidization of the heavy hydrocarbon evolves. Then, the hydrocarbons are extracted from the tank, the fluids are removed to the treatment system or to the relief tank, the water is allowed to decant and then it is drained, the cleaning of the tank will be finished in the traditional way.
  • the fluidization system consists of at least two diesel pumps, which suck the supernatant hydrocarbon (diluent + fluidized oily sludge) through the manhole and recirculate it to the same tank by means of nozzles, forming the patterns of flow required to fluidize the oily sludge.
  • the aforementioned pumps are self-priming, provide continuous flow at a flow rate greater than 1, 14 m 3 per minute (300 gpm) and 1.38 MPa discharge.
  • the nozzles are eductors mounted on bronze skates that allow their manual mobilization at the bottom of the tank.
  • the following activities must be carried out: decrease the tank level to a minimum volume, open the tank manhole, take the sample and characterize it, then at least one recirculation pump with capacity is installed between 1.14 m 3 at 2.27 m 3 per minute (300 GPM and 600 GPM) and discharge pressure greater than 1.38 MPa. Then, the hoses are installed from the recirculation pump to the center of the tank and to the left side and the nozzles are installed. The tank must remain grounded.
  • the process for the fluidization of the oily sludge is started, which comprises the steps of closing and blindly positioning the valve that communicates the dispatch line of the tank with the pumps of dispatch.
  • the attachments for the discharge and / or receipt of the diluent tank and / or line to the tank near the suction of the recirculation pump must be taken.
  • Start the recirculation by suctioning with the pump through the nozzles installed from the center towards the suction of the tank and the pump to the left side. Recirculate for at least 2 hours, stop the process to check fluidity, if you can walk without problems and the floor feels clean in front of the nozzles, proceed to change the nozzles to more viscous points and restart recirculation.
  • the treatment of the remaining sludge comprises the characterization of the remaining oily sludge, followed by the addition of anionic dispersing additive of an anionic character on the oily sludges. Then add and recirculate the water under pressure using nozzles until fluidization of the oily sludge. Install the pump to send fluidized oily sludge in the dike of the tank. Pump the fluidized oily sludge into the tank intended for this treatment and deliver the tank for floor and wall cleaning as stipulated.
  • a method of cleaning the oily sludges of a tank that stored diesel (API> 35 °) was performed, with a storage capacity of 1156.27 m 3 (10,000 barrels and had a conical roof).
  • the fluidization system was installed for the recirculation of the oily sludge through the manhole, as described in Figures 1 to 4.
  • the oily sludge was fluidized and pumped out of the tank, allowed to decant to recover the hydrocarbon.
  • the initial hydrocarbon content in the oily sludge was 25%, recovering 84%.
  • the recovered hydrocarbon remained with a BS&W of 0.5%.
  • the methodology carried out allowed to reduce the volume of oily sludge to be treated, and the residual oily sludge that was sent to the biodegradation process had a hydrocarbon content of 5%. This hydrocarbon content allows the application of the biodegradation process without diluting the residual oily sludge with soil.
  • a second method was taken to remove and treat the oily sludge from a 5781, 35 m 3 (50,000 barrels) tank with a conical roof that stored diesel (API> 35 °). It contained 660.81 m3 (5715 barrels) of oily sludge. The hydrocarbon content in the oily sludge was 53%.
  • the fluidization system was installed for the recirculation of the oily sludge through the manhole, as described in Figures 1 to 4, the oily sludge was recirculated and pumped out of the tank and allowed to decant to recover the hydrocarbon.
  • the methodology carried out allowed to recover 98% of the diesel present in the initial oily sludge.
  • the residual waste was 5.32 m 3 (46 barrels) with a hydrocarbon content of 15%.
  • the crude oil storage tank cleaning method with storage capacity of 28906.77 m 3 (250,000 barrels) was performed, the treated tank is floating roof, stored 26 ° API crude, is 61 m in diameter, 12, 8 m high, three lateral agitators and 4 lateral manholes, 3 of them located 48 cm from the floor and one at ground level.
  • the tank had been maintenance free for 5 years.
  • the cleaning method was performed as follows:
  • the water contained in the tank is drained.
  • the oily sludge was sampled and quantified through the roof of the tank, to do this some of the supports that support the roof were removed when it is in a maintenance position, and a sampling system was introduced by the support guide that allowed sucking sample of oily sludge
  • the content of oily sludge was calculated at 1156.27 m 3 (10,000 barrels), then 0.93 m 3 (8 barrels) of hydrocarbon-aromatic diluent (preferably ALC) and crude was added until having 5203.22 in the tank m 3 (45,000 barrels) of liquid. Stirring of the tank was started using the side stirrers in 30 ° position to the right. After approximately 24 hours of stirring the stirrers were turned off and follow-up sampling was performed, in order to determine the effect of the diluent and the stirrers on the homogenization and fluidization of oily sludge. Sampling results indicated decreased oily sludge content. The samples were analyzed for BS&W content and viscosity.
  • the position of agitators was varied by placing them forward and agitation of the tank was restarted. After 24 hours of stirring the agitators were turned off and follow-up sampling was performed. There was evidence of a decrease in the content of oily sludge.
  • the position of agitators was varied by placing them 30 ° to the left. After approximately 24 hours of stirring the agitators were turned off and follow-up sampling was performed.
  • the tank level is low by draining 3468.81 m 3 (30000 BIs) of crude oil to another tank.
  • the tank did not allow the manholes to open to locate the transfer pump to the relief tank, the injected water was drained. Once the height of the liquid in the tank was less than 40 cm, manholes were opened, a pump was installed and the hydrocarbon continued to be sent to the relief tank. Venting was performed until permissible levels of organic vapors were obtained and the tank was entered, using self contained air equipment, to quantify the remaining oily sludge.
  • oily sludge was found towards the central part of the tank, the remaining oily sludge was characterized and fluidized by adding 0.48 m 3 (110 gallon) anionic dispersant additive and pressurized water through the fluidizing nozzles. This process took approximately 3 hours.
  • the homogenization time of the oily sludge was 72 hours.
  • the total cleaning time of the tank was 48 hours. In this time it is counted from the opening of the manholes until the delivery of the tank for sweeping with sawdust.
  • the method of cleaning tanks claimed here allowed to generate revenue from the sale of the recovered hydrocarbons and not only expenses, as usually happens when the oily sludges of the storage tanks are cleaned.
  • the recovery of the hydrocarbon present in oily sludge is greater than 84%. It is also important to note that through this method there is an additional saving in resources and time due to the use of oily sludge biodegradation processes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé comprenant les étapes suivantes: le diagnostic et la définition du processus de détection, de mesure et de caractérisation des sédiments ou des boues huileuses, l'adaptation ou l'installation du système de fluidification par agitation et la récupération d'hydrocarbures. L'adaptation ou l'installation comprennent la variation de la direction des agitateurs si le réservoir possède lesdits éléments, ou l'installation d'un système de fluidification dans le trou d'homme du réservoir. Ledit système comprend un couvercle du trou d'homme (1) adapté pour recevoir dans sa partie extérieure un collecteur (3) connecté à une pompe (4), permettant la recirculation du produit à travers le trou d'homme. Ledit collecteur est couplé au couvercle du trou d'homme (1) à l'aide de brides (5a, 5b) et comprend trois tuyaux connectés à trois valves indépendantes (2) et, dans sa partie interne, un ou plusieurs tubes (6) couplés à l'aide de brides à une buse (7).
PCT/IB2008/003609 2007-11-29 2008-12-01 Procédé de fluidification de sédiments et de récupération d'hydrocarbures à partir de réservoirs de stockage d'hydrocarbures WO2009068993A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CO07126798A CO6140033A1 (es) 2007-11-29 2007-11-29 Metodo para la fluidizacion de borras y recuperacion de hidrocarburos de tanques de almacenamiento de hidrocarburos
CO07-126798 2007-11-29

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2009068993A1 true WO2009068993A1 (fr) 2009-06-04

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2008/003609 WO2009068993A1 (fr) 2007-11-29 2008-12-01 Procédé de fluidification de sédiments et de récupération d'hydrocarbures à partir de réservoirs de stockage d'hydrocarbures

Country Status (4)

Country Link
CO (1) CO6140033A1 (fr)
EC (1) ECSMU10010202U (fr)
PE (1) PE20091661A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2009068993A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018130650A3 (fr) * 2017-01-13 2018-08-30 Oreco A/S Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage de surfaces intérieures de réservoirs et de contenants

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993018864A1 (fr) * 1992-03-17 1993-09-30 Toftejorg Technology Aps Procede et appareil de nettoyage d'un reservoir de stockage de petrole brut ou raffine
GB2283023A (en) * 1993-10-15 1995-04-26 Petroleo Brasileiro Sa Process for the thermochemical cleaning of oil storage tanks
JPH09164376A (ja) * 1995-12-15 1997-06-24 Taiho Ind Co Ltd タンクの洗浄方法
JPH11188328A (ja) * 1997-12-26 1999-07-13 Taiho Ind Co Ltd タンクの洗浄装置及び洗浄方法
US6371137B1 (en) * 1998-12-03 2002-04-16 Robert A. Heath Tank cleaning apparatus
US20050161372A1 (en) * 2004-01-23 2005-07-28 Aquatech, Llc Petroleum recovery and cleaning system and process

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993018864A1 (fr) * 1992-03-17 1993-09-30 Toftejorg Technology Aps Procede et appareil de nettoyage d'un reservoir de stockage de petrole brut ou raffine
GB2283023A (en) * 1993-10-15 1995-04-26 Petroleo Brasileiro Sa Process for the thermochemical cleaning of oil storage tanks
JPH09164376A (ja) * 1995-12-15 1997-06-24 Taiho Ind Co Ltd タンクの洗浄方法
JPH11188328A (ja) * 1997-12-26 1999-07-13 Taiho Ind Co Ltd タンクの洗浄装置及び洗浄方法
US6371137B1 (en) * 1998-12-03 2002-04-16 Robert A. Heath Tank cleaning apparatus
US20050161372A1 (en) * 2004-01-23 2005-07-28 Aquatech, Llc Petroleum recovery and cleaning system and process

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018130650A3 (fr) * 2017-01-13 2018-08-30 Oreco A/S Dispositif et procédé de nettoyage de surfaces intérieures de réservoirs et de contenants

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CO6140033A1 (es) 2010-03-19
PE20091661A1 (es) 2009-11-07
ECSMU10010202U (fr) 2010-06-29

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