WO2012164070A1 - Filtration d'un contenu de ballast - Google Patents
Filtration d'un contenu de ballast Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012164070A1 WO2012164070A1 PCT/EP2012/060380 EP2012060380W WO2012164070A1 WO 2012164070 A1 WO2012164070 A1 WO 2012164070A1 EP 2012060380 W EP2012060380 W EP 2012060380W WO 2012164070 A1 WO2012164070 A1 WO 2012164070A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- ballast water
- filter
- ballast
- water
- treatment system
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63J—AUXILIARIES ON VESSELS
- B63J4/00—Arrangements of installations for treating ballast water, waste water, sewage, sludge, or refuse, or for preventing environmental pollution not otherwise provided for
- B63J4/002—Arrangements of installations for treating ballast water, waste water, sewage, sludge, or refuse, or for preventing environmental pollution not otherwise provided for for treating ballast water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
- C02F1/32—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation with ultraviolet light
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/34—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
- C02F1/78—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation with ozone
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/008—Originating from marine vessels, ships and boats, e.g. bilge water or ballast water
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/04—Flow arrangements
- C02F2301/046—Recirculation with an external loop
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/04—Disinfection
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
Definitions
- the present invention relates in general to handling and treatment of ballast water.
- the present invention finds its primary use within the area of ballasting applications on board maritime structures such as ships or rigs and the like and in land based facilities configured for treating ballast water.
- the present invention relates to a ballast water treatment system configured for treating water to be delivered into, or pumped out from, a ballast water tank of a ship.
- the ballast water treatment system includes: - at least one filter module comprising:
- ballast water pump configured to one of:
- the present invention relates to a method of rendering living organisms occupying ballast water to be discharged inviable.
- water is, throughout this specification, meant to denote any kind of water found in any kind of maritime environment incl. saltwater, freshwater and brackish water etc.
- membrane filtration is defined as a pressure- or vacuum-driven separation process in which particu- late matter is rejected by an engineered barrier primarily through a size exclusion mechanism.
- the mechanism has a measurable removal efficiency of a target organism and the efficiency can be verified through the application of direct integrity tests.
- This definition is intended to include the common membrane technology classifications:
- Nanofiltration employs the principles of reverse osmosis to remove dissolved contaminants from water.
- Nanofiltration is typically applied for membrane softening or the removal of dissolved organic contami- nants, and - Reverse Osmosis is the reverse of the natural osmosis process, i.e., the passage of a solvent, such as water, through a semi-permeable membrane from a solution of higher concentration to a solution of lower concentration against the concentration gradient, achieved by applying pressure greater than the osmotic pressure to the more concentrated solution.
- the pressure-driven membrane separation process employs the principles of reverse osmosis to remove dissolved contaminants from water. Background
- ballast typically serves to oppose an unfavourable resulting centre of gravity resulting from a high or off-centre centre of gravity of the loaded cargo or even the ship itself. Further, in cargo ships, in so called ballast conditions, water ballast is often used to obtain sufficient draft in order to submerge the propeller and rudder.
- a ballast condition is a loading condition of a ship where the weight of the stowed cargo by itself does not result in a sufficient draft of the ship.
- ballast is for stabilizing or anti heeling purposes where a part of the carried seawater is shifted from side to side in order to counteract rolling of a ship.
- Seawater is widely used as ballast medium because of its ability to be easily loaded and unloaded via pumping arrangements. Seawater is typically pumped on board the ship directly from the environments wherein the ship is located. Hereby various species of organisms are, together with the ballast water, moved together with the ship from the place of loading the water to a non native place of unloading the water.
- a part of the living organisms carried in the ballast tanks die during the pump- ing process as well as and under the voyage, and more die when the organisms are released at the place of unload, however, a substantial part of the organisms survive both the voyage as well as being unloaded in a foreign environment.
- the introduction of foreign organisms into a new and, for the foreign organisms', unnatural environment has been known to have catastrophic consequences to the environment wherein the organisms are released.
- ballast water It is estimated that about 3-5 billion tonnes of ballast water each year are moved from its natural environment and pumped out in foreign environments.
- IMO International Maritime Organization
- the directives dictate that measures should be taken such that abovementioned relocation of living organisms is hindered, and further, the directives emphasize that any applied treatment of ballast water must be safe and environmentally acceptable.
- IMO have developed and setup specific requirements to performance of the ballast water treatment systems. The requirements dictate a performance framework for the actual treatment of the ballast water as well as limits for toxic content in the ballast water discharged.
- the directives state that any applied technique must show convincing effects as well as be environmentally friendly. Further, the directives state that any applied technique must be economically and technically reasonable to apply.
- ballast water treatment systems are configured for filtration and sub- sequent after treatment of water to be stored in ballast water tanks.
- Today's systems typically filtrates the ballast water only when pumping in or loading, meaning that the de-ballasting water is discharged without filtering.
- the reason for this non-treatment of de-ballasting water is that the ballast water filter, when back flushed, potentially releases organisms which have not been ex- posed to filtering and subsequent after treatment whereby viable organisms may be released in foreign environments.
- the after treatment may constitute vacuum treatment, chlorination, exposure to ultraviolet light, ozone treatment and cavitation etc.
- ozone is pumped into ballast tanks and/or into a flow of ballast water being lead to ballast tanks through one or more distributing pipes.
- WO 10149638 by the applicant of the present invention, disclose a ballast water treatment apparatus configured for treatment of seawater to be carried as ballast water by a maritime structure such as a ship.
- the system com- prises a seawater inlet, a seawater outlet and means for adding ozone to a flow of seawater through the apparatus.
- the apparatus further comprise, downstream the means for adding ozone, means for irradiating the sea- water/ozone blend with ultraviolet light.
- US 2002/017483 A discloses a floating mobile self-contained membrane fil- tration treatment vessel, or barge, which is suitable for use in the treatment of contaminated marine waters and shipboard wastes including ballast water, gray water, and black water and excess dredge waters.
- the mobile treatment vessel includes a micro or ultrafiltration membrane treatment system for micron and submicron sized particulate removal.
- the membrane filtration vessel is suitable for retaining particles of sizes ranging from 0.01 m to 10 ⁇ .
- US 5,647,980 A discloses a system for processing relatively small volumes of waste water such as water found in residential homes.
- the system com- prises a chamber configured to hold waste water and a first filter adapted to remove coarse material from the waste water.
- a second filter is provided in order to remove fine materials from the waste water.
- the system further includes a disinfectant chamber adapted to disinfect the waste water.
- the system also includes a pump adapted to pump the waste water from the cham- ber through the first and second filters and the disinfectant chamber.
- WO 1 106 426 0 A discloses an apparatus for treatment of liquids such as water.
- the apparatus includes a filter module with a filter, an inlet for liquid, a first outlet for liquid and a second outlet for filtered liquid.
- the inlet and the first outlet are positioned on a first side of the filter and the second outlet is positioned on the second side of the filter.
- the apparatus further includes a first UV-treatment module with a first UV-light source, connected to the first outlet of the filter module.
- the UV module is adapted to receive unfiltered liquid from the filter module, and to expose the liquid to UV-light from the first UV-light source.
- the apparatus further includes a second UV-treatment module with a second UV-light source connected to the second outlet of the filter module adapted to receive filtered liquid from the filter module, and to expose said liquid to UV-light from the second UV-light source.
- WO 0 507 994 8 A discloses a back flushable seawater filter.
- the present invention seeks to provide a system for, and a method of, in an efficient, environmentally friendly and economically reasonable manner, eliminate, or substantially reduce, biological contents in ballast water unloaded from maritime structures or otherwise discharged into the sea.
- ballast water treatment system as per the introductory part of this specification wherein the system, or the filter module, is configured for back flushing at least one of the one or more filter screens. The back flushing is performed while maintaining a primary flow of ballast water from the inlet of the filter module towards the first outlet of the filter module.
- ballast water treatment system is configured for, during ballast offload operation and by means of the second outlet for filter backwashing water, lead, without further water treatment, a secondary flow of flushing water to the inlet of filter module.
- the invention departs from the state of the art inter alia in that the system is configured for leading, without further water treatment, the secondary flow of flushing water, directly or not, to the inlet of the filter module such that filter retentate reach, or contact, the filter screens repeatedly.
- the repeated contact with the filter screens has been found to render living organisms invi- able, and consequently, subsequent treatment of the filter flushing water becomes superfluous.
- the secondary flow of flushing water may be lead to the inlet of the filter module via a suction side of the ballast water pump.
- leading the secondary flow of flushing water to the inlet of the filter module may constitute leading the secondary flow to an inlet of the ballast water pump such that the secondary flow comprising filter flushing water is circulated through the ballast water pump and the ballast water filter module whereby a portion of flushing water pass the filter repeatedly.
- the system may be configured for maintaining the secondary flow through the filter module at least until a majority of living organisms in the secondary flow is rendered inviable. Accordingly, suitable sensing or testing means may be provided in order to determine the state of the organisms.
- the system further may include a back flushing conduit arranged between a ballast water tank and the second outlet of the filter module. Leading the back flushing water to the inlet of the filter module constitute, in this embodiment, leading the back flushing water via, and thereby back to, a ballast water tank of a ship.
- the system may be configured for backwash-ing one or more filter screens without substantially decreasing the primary flow of ballast water through said system.
- the filter module may be configured for back- washing at least one filter screen while at least one filter screen is operative to filter said primary flow of ballast water flowing from said inlet to said first outlet of said filter module.
- the system further may include an ultraviolet light treatment unit and the system may, by means of conduits and during ballast loading operation and/or ballast unloading operation, further be configured to draw in seawater from a sea chest and/or from a ballast water tank by means of the ballast water pump.
- the water is lead through the ballast water filter and the ultraviolet light treatment unit where after the water is ready for ballasting and/or offloading.
- the ultraviolet light treatment unit further may include an ozone injection zone.
- the ultraviolet light treatment unit further may be configured to generate ozone by means of irradiating seawater or air comprising oxygen with UV light.
- the system further may be configured for ballast water treatment, or ballast water after treatment, by means of one or more of, in combination or not, cavitation, ultrasound, electrolysis, chlorina- tion, electrochemical treatment, CIO2 Chlorine dioxide, Vitamin K, Vitamin C, Advanced oxidation, hydroxyl radical, coagulation, filtration or reduction of oxygen.
- the system further may be configured for, during ballast offloading operation and by means of a second flushing water conduit, lead flushing water out of the filter module and into means configured for after treatment of the ballast water where after the flushing water is ready for discharge.
- the filter module may constitute a backwash filter module such as a Bollfilter or equivalent.
- the filter module may comprise a plurality of filter screens.
- the one or more microfiltration filter screens may have a pore size selected such that a majority of living organisms is retained by the one or more microfiltration filter screens.
- the one or more microfiltration filter screens may have a pore size in the range of 0.05 - 0.3 ⁇ .
- the one or more microfiltration filter screens may have a pore size in the range of 0.1 - 0.2 ⁇ .
- the one or more microfiltration filter screens may be configured for retaining particles larger than 30 ⁇ . According to one embodiment, the one or more microfiltration filter screens may be configured for allowing particles less than 30 ⁇ to pass the screen. According to one embodiment, a ship comprising a ballast water treatment system in accordance with the present invention is provided.
- a method of rendering living organisms occupying ballast water to be discharged inviable is pro- vided.
- the method includes the step of maintaining a secondary flow of flushing water through filter module comprising:
- the method further may include a step of leading ballast water through a ballast water treatment system according to the first aspect of the present invention.
- FIG. 1 is principal diagram of a ballast water treatment system according to prior art.
- Figure 2 is principal diagram of an embodiment of a ballast water treatment system according to the present invention.
- Figure 3 is principal diagram of another embodiment of a ballast water treatment system according to the present invention.
- FIG. 1 illustrates one typical ballast water treatment system according to recent prior art.
- Seawater to be loaded as ballast water is, via sea chest 80 and by means of ballast water pump 10, pumped through the ballast water filter 20 where after the ballast water is, possibly via supplemental pump 15, pumped into an after treatment station 90 which in the illustrated embodiment constitute means 30 for irradiation with ultraviolet light and subsequent means 40 for ozone treatment.
- the ballast water is after this point ready for ballasting in a ballast water tank 50.
- ballast water off loading operation the prior art system according to figure pump the ballast water overboard without filtration or treatment. It has been found that organisms may live and grow inside the ballast water system incl. ballast water tanks etc. and this unfiltered and/or untreated release of ballast water comprising viable organisms is, as per the above, of course undesirable.
- FIG. 2 illustrates a ballast water treatment system according to an aspect of the present invention.
- the depicted system is shown under ballast offload- ing operation.
- the system operates substantially as described with reference to figure one, apart from the system being configured for back flushing one or more filter screens 20 of the filter module 20 while maintaining a primary flow of water through the system.
- the back flushing water is, as can be seen in figure, returned to the inlet 21 of the filter module 20 without further treatment.
- the system according to the present invention may be provided with a first flushing water conduit 60 for the secondary flow of back- washing water.
- the first flushing water conduit may be provided with valve means 61 .
- the ballast water filter 20 is backwashed by means of circulation established via the first flushing water conduit 60.
- the ballast water to be unloaded is lead through the ballast water filter and overboard or, as an alternative, into the after treatment station 90 which in the illustrated embodiment constitute means 30 for irradiation with ultraviolet light and subsequent means 40 for ozone treatment.
- the ballast water is after this point ready for discharge 70.
- Seawater contains, besides living organisms, also minerals.
- the minerals contained in the seawater will be removed from the ballast water during first passage through the system, i.e. during ballast loading operation. It is therefore mainly organisms growing inside the system and reaching a particle size larger than 40 my which establishes a need flushing when de-ballasting.
- the conduit 65 as shown in figure 2,, and optionally the valve 66, may be provided in order to flush the filter 20 into the after treatment section 90 allowing the flushing water to enter the after treatment section without filtering.
- the water is pumped back to the suction side of the ballast pump resulting in the flushing water repeatedly passes the filter without other treatment than filtering.
- the living organisms suffer severely when passing a filter, the organisms are rendered non-viable as a result of the repeated filter passage.
- the materials may reach the filter during subsequent de-ballast operation.
- a second flushing water conduit 65 may be provided such that the ballast water filter 20 may be flushed into the after treatment section 90.
- a valve placed just after the filter 20 may provide an increased pressure within the filter during flushing; the system will be able to flush water into the normal flow stream just before the UV section or after treatment section 90. The effect of this is that even though the filter is engaged also when de- ballasting, no flushing water will leave the system without treatment.
- Figure 3 illustrate a system provided with an alternative to pumping the flushing water back to the suction side of ballast pump 20, or to the in front the UV section or after treatment section 90, such as shown in figure 2.
- the flushing water treatment station 95 may constitute not shown means for heating the flushing water up to a temperature where it is considered sterilized or to a degree of heating treatment wherein the flushing water is not considered critical for the environment.
- the means for heating the water may be heated by means of a ships waste heat recovery system etc.
- flushing water into a retention tank where the flushing water is treated possibly by addition of chemicals, cavitation, ultrasound, electrolysis, chlorination, electro- chemical treatment, CIO2 Chlorine dioxide, Vitamin K, Vitamin C, Advanced oxidation, hydroxyl radical, coagulation, filtration or reduction of oxygen. UV, or ozone before being pumped overboard 70 or otherwise stored.
- the system and method according to the present invention may be provided to a ship or equivalent as a retrofit or as a system installed during the building process of the ship or equivalent. Further, the invention as such may be applied to land based water treatment facilities.
- a ballast water treatment system configured for treating water to be delivered into a ballast tank.
- the system and method is configured for, during ballast offload operation and by means of a first flushing water conduit, lead flushing water from a ballast water filter to a suction side of a ballast water pump. This way, filter flushing water is circulated through the ballast water pump and the bal- last water filter.
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Abstract
L'invention concerne un système de traitement d'une eau de ballast (1), ainsi qu'un procédé d'exécution, conçu pour traiter l'eau qui doit être distribuée dans un réservoir (50) de ballast. Le système (1) et le procédé sont conçus pour envoyer l'eau d'un filtre (20) à eau de ballast vers le côté d'aspiration d'une pompe (10) à eau de ballast pendant l'opération de déchargement du ballast et au moyen d'un premier conduit (60) d'eau de rinçage. De cette façon, l'eau de rinçage du filtre circule à travers la pompe (10) à eau de ballast et le filtre (20) à eau de ballast.
Priority Applications (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280074954.6A CN104703922B (zh) | 2012-06-01 | 2012-11-27 | 卸压载过滤 |
| PCT/EP2012/073736 WO2013178296A1 (fr) | 2012-06-01 | 2012-11-27 | Filtration de ballast |
| EP12790927.3A EP2855361B1 (fr) | 2012-06-01 | 2012-11-27 | Filtration d'eau de ballast |
| US14/404,539 US20150108071A1 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2012-11-27 | De-ballast filtration |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201161492269P | 2011-06-01 | 2011-06-01 | |
| US61/492,269 | 2011-06-01 | ||
| DKPA201170280 | 2011-06-01 | ||
| DKPA201170280 | 2011-06-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2012164070A1 true WO2012164070A1 (fr) | 2012-12-06 |
Family
ID=47258400
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP2012/060380 WO2012164070A1 (fr) | 2011-06-01 | 2012-06-01 | Filtration d'un contenu de ballast |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| WO (1) | WO2012164070A1 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103819059A (zh) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-05-28 | 江苏新宇天成环保工程有限公司 | 集成式生活污水处理装置 |
| CN111517541A (zh) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 广东工业大学 | 一种水处理装置 |
| CN111995136A (zh) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-27 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | 一种用于接收远洋客船压载水的处理装置和处理方法 |
| CN112850844A (zh) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-28 | 上海交通大学 | 基于事件驱动的压载水处理紫外单元智能自洁系统及方法 |
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| US5647980A (en) | 1994-06-06 | 1997-07-15 | Smith; Carole M. | Apparatus and method for treating waste water from a residential home |
| US20020017483A1 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2002-02-14 | Chesner Warren Howard | Mobile floating water treatment vessel |
| WO2005061388A1 (fr) * | 2003-11-20 | 2005-07-07 | Marine Environmental Partners, Inc. | Systeme de traitement d'eau de ballast |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103819059A (zh) * | 2014-03-06 | 2014-05-28 | 江苏新宇天成环保工程有限公司 | 集成式生活污水处理装置 |
| CN111517541A (zh) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 广东工业大学 | 一种水处理装置 |
| CN111995136A (zh) * | 2020-08-05 | 2020-11-27 | 上海外高桥造船有限公司 | 一种用于接收远洋客船压载水的处理装置和处理方法 |
| CN112850844A (zh) * | 2021-01-08 | 2021-05-28 | 上海交通大学 | 基于事件驱动的压载水处理紫外单元智能自洁系统及方法 |
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