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WO2016008100A1 - Procédé et dispositif d'imagerie de migration à temps inverse sur support anisotrope sismique en trois dimensions - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif d'imagerie de migration à temps inverse sur support anisotrope sismique en trois dimensions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2016008100A1
WO2016008100A1 PCT/CN2014/082257 CN2014082257W WO2016008100A1 WO 2016008100 A1 WO2016008100 A1 WO 2016008100A1 CN 2014082257 W CN2014082257 W CN 2014082257W WO 2016008100 A1 WO2016008100 A1 WO 2016008100A1
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Prior art keywords
shot
sin
imaging
reverse time
time migration
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PCT/CN2014/082257
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
杨顺伟
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杨顺伟
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Priority to CN201480002794.3A priority Critical patent/CN104937440A/zh
Priority to PCT/CN2014/082257 priority patent/WO2016008100A1/fr
Publication of WO2016008100A1 publication Critical patent/WO2016008100A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of reflected wave seismic data processing technology, and in particular to a method and apparatus for inverse time migration imaging of a three-dimensional seismic anisotropic medium. Background technique
  • Seismic anisotropy of the Earth's medium has proven to be ubiquitous, but seismic exploration often considers the Earth's approximation as an isotropic medium. In the past, this approximation simplifies the problems and formulas of seismic processing interpretation, but in the pursuit of fine reservoir exploration today, some seismic media are neglected (such as thin interbedded sandstone reservoir media, layered shale media, carbonates).
  • the anisotropy of cracks in the rock - karst reservoir media and igneous reservoir media developed by the fracture may cause large errors in seismic interpretation, and one of the errors in seismic data processing is partial Dislocation resulting from the displacement of the fault. Therefore, it is quite necessary and urgent to study anisotropic seismic exploration techniques.
  • the main object of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional seismic anisotropic medium reverse time migration imaging method and device, which can solve the mutation position of the symmetry axis inclination parameter profile in the prior art when performing the shot wave field simulation. There is a problem of computational instability.
  • an embodiment of the present invention provides a three-dimensional seismic anisotropic medium reverse time migration imaging method, including:
  • the wavelet is placed at the corresponding shot position of the gun, and the second-order partial differential equation is used to simulate the shot wave field; the coupled second-order partial differential equation is applied to the corresponding gun data of the gun,
  • the gun performs the wave field simulation of the detection point; the cross-correlation imaging condition is used to image the result of the wave field simulation of the shot point and the result of the wave field simulation of the detection point, and the single shot reverse time migration result of the gun is obtained;
  • the single shot reverse time offset results of all the shots are superimposed to form a reverse time offset imaging profile
  • ⁇ and ⁇ are respectively Thomson anisotropic parameters corresponding to the imaging space;
  • ⁇ and ⁇ are the symmetry axis inclination angle parameters and the symmetry axis azimuth angle parameters corresponding to the imaging space, respectively.
  • the invention also provides a three-dimensional seismic anisotropic medium reverse time migration imaging device, comprising:
  • a gun determination module for determining all guns that require reverse time migration imaging
  • the single shot processing module is used to perform the following processing steps for each shot:
  • the wavelet is placed at the corresponding shot position of the gun, and the coupled second-order partial differential equation is used to simulate the shot wave field; the corresponding gun data is obtained, and the coupled second-order partial differential equation is applied to detect the wave field Simulation; applying the cross-correlation imaging condition to image the result of the shot wave field simulation and the result of the wave field simulation of the detection point, and obtain a single shot reverse time migration result of the shot;
  • a superimposed imaging module configured to perform the above processing steps on all the shots, and stack the single shot reverse time offset results of all the shots to form a reverse time offset imaging profile
  • Hj sin ⁇ cos ⁇ ⁇ - + sin ⁇ sin ⁇ ⁇ - + cos ⁇ - dx dy 2 dz 2 sin 2 ⁇ sin 2 ⁇ h sin 2 ⁇ sin ⁇ h sin 2 cos - dxdy dydz dxdz
  • ⁇ is the symmetry axis inclination parameter and the symmetry axis azimuth parameter corresponding to the imaging space, respectively.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a three-dimensional seismic anisotropic medium reverse time migration imaging method provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a simulated snapshot of a counter-offset shot point wave field in a seismic anisotropic medium region provided by the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a snapshot of a shot point wave field provided by the present invention
  • Figure 5 is a single shot reverse time shifting result provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is an isotropic reverse time migration imaging result ignoring all anisotropic parameters provided by the present invention.
  • Figure 9 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 6;
  • Figure 10 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 7;
  • Figure 11 is a partial enlarged view of Figure 8.
  • Figure 12 is a result of superimposing the result of the reverse time shift and the velocity model provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic structural view of a three-dimensional seismic anisotropic medium reverse time migration imaging apparatus provided by the present invention.
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic flow chart of a three-dimensional seismic anisotropic medium reverse time migration imaging method according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • the finite difference migration method based on the full acoustic equation passes in time -
  • the spatial domain directly solves the full acoustic partial differential equation by displaying the high-order finite difference algorithm, and truly simulates the wave propagation phenomenon.
  • the method is completed - 1 3 ⁇ 4 2 full compliance with the wave equation, there is no inclination limit, it can be applied to the sharp change of the velocity field, has obvious advantages in three-dimensional complex structure imaging, and has high imaging precision.
  • the reverse time migration algorithm directly simulates the propagation of seismic waves in the space-time domain, it is easier to apply to the imaging problems in complexly varying vertical transversely isotropic and oblique transverse isotropic isotropic media.
  • the present invention provides a three-dimensional seismic anisotropic medium reverse time migration imaging method, as shown in FIG.
  • the method includes: Step S11, determining all the guns that need to perform reverse time migration imaging;
  • step S12 for each shot, the following processing steps are performed:
  • Step S121 placing a wavelet at a position corresponding to the shot, and applying a second-order partial differential equation to simulate the shot wave field of the shot;
  • Step S122 applying the coupled second-order partial differential equation to the gun data corresponding to the gun, and performing a detection point wave field simulation on the gun;
  • Step S123 applying a cross-correlation imaging condition to image the result of the shot wave field simulation and the result of the wave field simulation of the detection point, and obtain a single shot reverse time migration result of the shot;
  • Step S13 after performing the above processing steps on all the shots, superimposing the single shot reverse time offset results of all the shots to form a reverse time offset imaging profile;
  • Dx dy dz In the equation, p is the coupled wave field, x, y, z are the spatial axis coordinates, which are the time axis coordinates, and ⁇ and s are the Thomson anisotropic parameters corresponding to the imaging space;
  • ⁇ and ⁇ are the symmetry axis inclination angle parameters and the symmetry axis azimuth angle parameters corresponding to the imaging space, respectively.
  • the three-dimensional seismic anisotropic medium reverse time migration imaging method provided by the invention can solve the sudden change of the symmetry axis inclination angle Calculate the problem of instability.
  • 2 is a simulation example of a reverse-phase offset shot point wave field and a symmetry axis tilt angle parameter of a seismic anisotropic medium region obtained by applying the present invention (9 superimposed display results, it can be seen that the symmetry axis tilt angle parameter (profile) There is a mutation on the right side.
  • the equation proposed by the present invention can solve the instability problem.
  • the seismic wave successfully passes the The location of the mutation, there is no computational instability problem.
  • FIG. 3 shows an example of a shot point snapshot of a shot obtained by applying the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows an example of a wave point snapshot of a detection point obtained by applying the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a view showing an example of a single shot reverse time shift result obtained by applying the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a graph showing the results of a reverse time migration imaging profile of a seismic anisotropic medium region obtained by applying the present invention.
  • Figure 7-12 shows the results of reverse time migration imaging in an anisotropic medium.
  • Figure 7 shows the inverse time migration result of ignoring the anisotropic dip parameter
  • Figure 8 shows the isotropic reverse time migration result of ignoring all anisotropic parameters.
  • the invention adopts a stable coupled second-order partial differential equation to realize the differential solution of the wave equation, can solve the computational instability problem caused by the sudden change of the symmetry axis of the medium, and finally solves the three-dimensional complex structure imaging problem with sharply changing speed.
  • the method of the present invention has the advantages of high computational efficiency, good imaging effect, and easy implementation, and is suitable for the development of reverse time offset commercial software and industrial production.
  • the present invention provides a three-dimensional seismic anisotropic medium reverse time migration imaging apparatus. As shown in FIG. 13, the apparatus includes:
  • the single shot processing module 1402 is configured to perform the following processing steps for each shot:
  • the wavelet is placed at the corresponding shot position of the gun, and the coupled second-order partial differential equation is used to simulate the shot wave field; the corresponding gun data is obtained, and the coupled second-order partial differential equation is applied to detect the wave field Simulation; applying the cross-correlation imaging condition to image the result of the shot wave field simulation and the result of the wave field simulation of the detection point, and obtain a single shot reverse time migration result of the shot;
  • the superimposed imaging module 1403 is configured to perform the foregoing processing steps on all the guns, and superimpose the results of the single shot reverse time offset of all the guns to form a reverse time migration imaging profile;
  • the coupled second-order partial differential equation is:
  • Hj sin ⁇ cos ⁇ ⁇ - + sin ⁇ sin ⁇ ⁇ - + cos ⁇ - dx dy dz sin 2 ⁇ sin 2 ⁇ h sin 2 ⁇ sin ⁇ h sin ⁇ sin ⁇ - dxdy dydz dxdz
  • ⁇ and ⁇ are the symmetry axis inclination angle parameters and the symmetry axis azimuth angle parameters corresponding to the imaging space, respectively.
  • the embodiment provides a specific embodiment of applying the inverse time migration imaging method of the three-dimensional seismic anisotropic medium of the present invention to the commercialization software. As shown in FIG. 14, the method specifically includes the following steps:
  • Step A storing all the gun data locally, and the depth domain velocity field, the Thomson anisotropy parameter, the symmetry axis inclination parameter, and the symmetry axis azimuth parameter corresponding to the imaging space;
  • Step A2 determining a current gun to be processed from the task list, reading the gun data corresponding to the gun, and the depth field velocity field, the Thomson anisotropy parameter, the symmetry axis inclination parameter, and the symmetry axis azimuth parameter corresponding to the imaging space, And perform the following processing for the gun:
  • Step A21 placing a wavelet at a corresponding shot position of the gun, and applying a second-order partial differential equation to perform a shot wave field simulation (using the equation to make the calculation stable when the tilt of the symmetry axis is abrupt), the obtained shot point wave Field simulation results are stored locally;
  • Step A22 applying a second-order partial differential equation to the corresponding gun data of the gun, realizing the wave field simulation of the detection point, and storing the obtained detection result of the detection wave field locally;
  • Step A23 applying the cross-correlation imaging condition to image the simulation result of the shot wave field obtained in step A21 and the simulation result of the detection point wave obtained in step A22, and obtaining the single-shot reverse time migration result of the shot, and storing the result in the local;
  • Step A3 determining whether there are any unprocessed cannons in the task list, and if so, looping through step A2 (including steps A21 to A23); otherwise, executing step A4;
  • step A4 the single-shot reverse time offset results of all the guns are superimposed to form a reverse-time migration imaging profile, and the result is output.
  • step A23 when step A21 is performed, according to the set time interval The simulation results of the shot wave field are compressed step by step, and then the compression results corresponding to the respective time intervals are stored locally. Then, when step A23 is executed, the compression package of the simulation result of the shot wave field can be decompressed by the thread synchronization. Then, the cross-correlation imaging conditions are applied to image the simulated wave field simulation results and the detection point wave field simulation results. Due to the use of step-by-step compression and split-thread synchronous decompression, the speed of single-shot processing is improved, and the processing efficiency of the whole process is improved.
  • the three-dimensional TTI seismic anisotropic medium reverse time migration imaging method and apparatus provided by the embodiments of the present invention have the following beneficial effects:
  • the stable coupled second-order partial differential equation is used to realize the differential solution of the wave equation, which can solve the computational instability caused by the sudden tilt angle variation of the TTI medium, and finally solve the three-dimensional complex structure imaging problem with sharply changing speed;

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif d'imagerie de migration à temps inverse sur support anisotrope sismique en trois dimensions, utilisés dans le domaine technique du traitement de données sismiques à ondes réfléchies. Le procédé comprend les étapes consistant à : déterminer tous les tirs nécessitant une imagerie de migration à temps inverse (S11) ; réaliser les étapes suivantes pour chaque tir (S12) : placer une sous-onde au niveau d'une position de point de tir correspondant au tir, et effectuer une simulation de champ d'ondes de point de tir sur le tir à l'aide d'une équation différentielle partielle de second ordre de couplage (S121) ; effectuer une simulation de champ d'ondes de point de détection d'onde en appliquant l'équation différentielle partielle de second ordre de couplage aux données de tir correspondant au tir (S122) ; et former les images du résultat de la simulation de champ d'ondes de point de tir et le résultat de la simulation de champ d'onde de détection d'onde en utilisant une condition d'imagerie de corrélation mutuelle de façon à obtenir un résultat de migration à temps inverse à tir unique du tir (S123) ; après la réalisation des étapes ci-dessus sur tous les tirs, superposer les résultats de la migration à temps inverse à tir unique de tous les tirs afin de former un profil d'imagerie de migration à temps inverse (S13). La présente invention utilise une équation différentielle partielle de second ordre de couplage stable pour réaliser la résolution différentielle d'une équation d'onde, ce qui permet de résoudre le problème d'un calcul incohérent provoqué par le changement de l'angle d'inclinaison de l'axe symétrique d'un support TTI, et finalement de résoudre le problème de changements rapides dans l'imagerie d'une structure complexe en trois dimensions.
PCT/CN2014/082257 2014-07-15 2014-07-15 Procédé et dispositif d'imagerie de migration à temps inverse sur support anisotrope sismique en trois dimensions WO2016008100A1 (fr)

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CN201480002794.3A CN104937440A (zh) 2014-07-15 2014-07-15 一种三维地震各向异性介质逆时偏移成像方法及装置
PCT/CN2014/082257 WO2016008100A1 (fr) 2014-07-15 2014-07-15 Procédé et dispositif d'imagerie de migration à temps inverse sur support anisotrope sismique en trois dimensions

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CN118330732A (zh) * 2024-04-30 2024-07-12 中国地震局地球物理研究所 一种基于三维tti介质模型的地震定位方法

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CN105182414B (zh) * 2015-10-16 2018-03-30 成都理工大学 一种基于波动方程正演去除直达波的方法
CN106842312A (zh) * 2015-12-04 2017-06-13 中国石油化工股份有限公司 一种基于多源混合动态编码的最小二乘逆时偏移方法
CN105467443B (zh) * 2015-12-09 2017-09-19 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 一种三维各向异性弹性波数值模拟方法及系统
CN105652321B (zh) * 2015-12-30 2016-10-12 中国石油大学(华东) 一种粘声各向异性最小二乘逆时偏移成像方法

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CN110162804B (zh) * 2018-01-10 2020-01-21 成都信息工程大学 基于cpu加速的波场正演模拟优化方法
CN118330732A (zh) * 2024-04-30 2024-07-12 中国地震局地球物理研究所 一种基于三维tti介质模型的地震定位方法
CN118330732B (zh) * 2024-04-30 2024-08-27 中国地震局地球物理研究所 一种基于三维tti介质模型的地震定位方法

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