WO2018145793A1

WO2018145793A1 - Deflecting device for an optoelectronic sensor of a motor vehicle, comprising an optical element for guiding light beams, optoelectronic sensor, driver assistance system, and motor vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2018145793A1
Application number: PCT/EP2017/081884
Authority: WO
Inventors: Bernd BERTSCHINGER; Ho-Hoai-Duc Nguyen; Lin Lin; Daniel STRICKER-SHAVER
Original assignee: Valeo Schalter Und Sensoren Gmbh
Priority date: 2017-02-10
Filing date: 2017-12-07
Publication date: 2018-08-16
Also published as: DE102017102634A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a deflecting device (13) for an optoelectronic sensor (5) of a motor vehicle (1), comprising at least one electro-optical deflecting unit (14), which is designed to deflect light beams (16, 16') into predefined deflection angles (α, α'), the at least one electro-optical deflecting unit (14) having an entrance region (15) for coupling the light beams (16, 16') in and an exit region (18) for coupling the deflected light beams (16, 16') out, the deflecting device (13) comprising an optical element (21), which is arranged on the exit region (18) of the at least one electro-optical deflecting unit (14) and which is designed to guide the light beams (16, 16') deflected by the at least one electro-optical deflecting unit (14) to a predefined transmission angle (β, β') for each of the predefined deflection angles (α, α').

Description

Deflection device for an optoelectronic sensor of a motor vehicle, comprising an optical element for guiding light beams, optoelectronic sensor,

Driver assistance system and motor vehicle

The present invention relates to a deflection device for an optoelectronic sensor of a motor vehicle with at least one electro-optical deflection unit, which is designed to deflect light beams into predetermined deflection angles, wherein the at least one electro-optical deflection unit has an entrance area for coupling in the light beams and an exit area for coupling out having the deflected light rays. Moreover, the present invention relates to an optoelectronic sensor. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a driver assistance system. Finally, the present invention relates to a motor vehicle.

The interest here is directed to optoelectronic sensors for motor vehicles. Such optoelectronic sensors can be designed, for example, as lidar sensors (Lidar - Light Detection and Ranging). Such optoelectronic sensors are installed, for example in motor vehicles, while driving

or to detect the environment of the motor vehicle during operation of the motor vehicle. The optoelectronic sensor is in particular a scanning optical measuring device by means of which objects or obstacles in the surroundings of the motor vehicle can be detected. For example, with the optoelectronic sensor, a distance between the motor vehicle and the object can be determined on the basis of the transit time of a light pulse or according to the so-called time-of-flight principle. The optoelectronic sensor usually comprises a transmitter which, for example, has a laser diode, by means of which an optical transmission signal in the form of a light pulse or a light beam can be emitted. In addition, the optoelectronic sensor comprises a corresponding receiver, which has, for example, at least one photodiode, by means of which the light beam reflected by the object can be received as a received signal.

With the optoelectronic sensor, the light beams are emitted in a predetermined detection range. For deflecting the light beams or the laser light within the detection range, the transmitter has a deflection device. For this purpose, different deflection devices are known from the prior art. For example, deflection devices are used, which are deflection mirrors or an array of micromirrors. In the present case, the interest applies

Deflection devices comprising an electro-optical deflection unit. With these electro-optical deflection units, which have no moving mechanical parts, the light beams in two spatial directions with a high

Angular resolution and a high sampling rate are distracted.

These electro-optical deflection units can, for example, have a light guide in which the light beams are guided by total reflection at interfaces. In addition, elements may be provided with which an entry angle at which the light beam is coupled into the optical waveguide, and / or an exit angle at which the light beam exits the optical waveguide, can be influenced. These elements may, for example, comprise liquid crystals whose refractive index can be changed under the influence of an electric field. Such a deflection unit is described, for example, in US Pat. No. 8,995,038 B1.

In addition, WO 2014/200581 A2 describes a lidar system in which by means of an electro-optical deflection unit, a laser beam in different

Spatial directions is distracted. Here is the electro-optical deflection unit

in particular designed as a so-called Steerable Electro-Evanesent Optical Reflector (SEEOR). At the output of the deflection unit, a polarizing grid can further be arranged in order to increase the beam quality.

When such electro-optical deflection units are used in automotive lidar sensors, they are limited in their detection range in the horizontal and vertical directions. In order to reliably detect objects with the lidar sensor, a higher angular resolution and a higher sampling rate are also desirable.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a deflection device of the aforementioned type, by means of which an optoelectronic sensor for a motor vehicle can be operated more reliably and efficiently.

This object is achieved by a deflection device, by an electro-optical sensor, by a driver assistance system and by a motor vehicle with the features according to the respective independent claims. Advantageous developments of the present invention are the subject of the dependent

Claims. According to one embodiment, a deflection device for a

Optoelectronic sensor of a motor vehicle, at least one electro-optical

Deflection unit, which is preferably designed to deflect light beams into predetermined deflection angle. The at least one electro-optical deflection unit preferably has an entrance area for coupling in the light beams and a

Exit area for decoupling the deflected light rays. It is preferably provided that the deflection device comprises an optical element, which is arranged at the exit region of the electro-optical deflection unit. Furthermore, the optical element is preferably designed to guide the respective light beams deflected by the at least one electro-optical deflection unit to a predetermined transmission angle for each of the predetermined deflection angles.

A deflection device according to the invention for an optoelectronic sensor of a motor vehicle comprises at least one electro-optical deflection unit which is designed to deflect light beams into predetermined deflection angles, wherein the at least one electro-optical deflection unit has an entrance area for coupling in the light beams and an exit area for coupling out the deflected light beams having. In addition, the deflection device comprises an optical element, which is arranged at the exit region of the at least one electro-optical deflection unit and which is designed to guide the respective light beams deflected by the at least one electro-optical deflection unit to a predetermined transmission angle for each of the predetermined deflection angles ,

The deflection device can be used in an optoelectronic sensor for a motor vehicle. Such an optoelectronic sensor can be designed as a lidar sensor and in particular as a scanning lidar sensor. Preferably, the

Deflection device can be used in a transmitter of the optoelectronic sensor. With the deflection device, light beams or light pulses that are emitted with a light source of the transmitter can be deflected. Such a light source may be a laser light source, for example a laser diode. The deflection device comprises the electro-optical deflection unit, which can also be referred to as an electro-optical deflector. The electro-optical deflection unit has the entrance area, via which the light beams can be supplied to the electro-optical deflection unit. The deflected light beams can then be output from the exit region of the electro-optical deflection unit. This electro-optical deflection unit may, for example, comprise an element whose refractive index is dependent changed by an applied electric field. Thus, it is possible that the light beams emitted with the light source can be deflected accordingly. In particular, the electro-optical deflection unit can be controlled in such a way that the light beams are deflected chronologically successively into predetermined deflection angles. Thus, the light beams can be deflected in a predetermined angular range.

According to an essential aspect of the present invention, it is provided that the deflection device additionally has an optical element which is attached to the

Exit region of the electro-optical deflection unit is arranged. With this optical element, the light beams, which were deflected by the electro-optical deflection unit, can then be deflected or guided again. In this case, the optical element is designed such that it deflects or guides each of the light beams, which has been deflected with the electro-optical deflection unit at a predetermined deflection angle, to a corresponding transmission angle. By means of the optical element, the light beams deflected by the electro-optical deflection unit can be refracted and / or reflected. Thus, by the light beams guided by the optical element, a detection range larger than the angular range in which the light beams can be deflected with the electro-optical deflection unit alone can be covered. In this way, the detection range (FOV - Field Of View) of the optoelectronic sensor can thus be increased. This enables reliable operation of the optoelectronic sensor.

Preferably, the optical element is integrally connected to the at least one electro-optical deflection unit. In particular, the electro-optical

Deflection unit and the optical element may be connected by means of a translucent adhesive. The adhesive is particularly permeable to the light rays. For example, this adhesive can be applied in the liquid state to the electro-optical deflection unit and / or the optical element and the electro-optical deflection unit and the optical element can be adjusted to each other. Following this, the adhesive can be cured. In this way, it is possible to optically and mechanically adjust the electro-optical deflection unit and the optical element to each other. Thus, a reliable and strong connection between the electro-optical deflection unit and the optical element can be achieved. This compound is resistant to environmental influences and

Temperature effects. Due to the cohesive connection can also have a Maladjustment between the electro-optical deflection unit and the optical element during operation of the optoelectronic sensor can be prevented.

In one embodiment, the optical element is configured to break the respective deflected light beams, the optical element having at least one outcoupling surface for coupling out the light beams. The optical element may be formed from a material which is at least partially transparent to the light beams or the laser light. For example, the optical element may be formed from a plastic or from a glass. The light beams, which are deflected by the electro-optical deflection unit, are first coupled into the optical element and then the transition of the light beams from the optical element takes place in the air. Due to the shape and design of the optical element then the respective light beams can be performed accordingly. The optical element may have one or more outcoupling surfaces, which may in particular be concave. Thus, it can be made possible, for example, that the light beams, which are deflected by means of the electro-optical deflection unit in an angular range of 100 °, through the optical element in a

Angle range of 150 ° to be deflected. Consequently, the detection range of the optical sensor can be increased in a simple and reliable manner.

In this case, it is provided in particular that the decoupling surface has a plurality of segments, wherein each of the predetermined transmission angle is associated with a segment. As already explained, the light beams are deflected with the electro-optical deflection unit in the predetermined deflection angle. For each of the deflection angles, the associated light beam is guided to a predetermined transmission angle. In this case, each of the transmitting elements is assigned a segment on the coupling-out surface of the optical element. Thus, the respective light beams can be directed to the predetermined, discrete transmission angles. For example, if a detection area

or send angle range of 150 ° scanned abge, 1500 segments can be provided. Thus, an angular resolution of 0.1 ° can be achieved. In this way, a relatively large detection area can be scanned with a high resolution.

Furthermore, it is advantageous if the respective segments as free-form lenses,

microstructured surface areas and / or as diffractive optical elements

are formed. In particular, it is provided that the respective segments are provided with a microtechnical manufacturing process. For example The respective segments can be produced by means of laser structuring. It can also be provided that the respective segments by means of a

wet-chemical or dry-chemical etching process. In addition, the segments can be used to compensate for influences of the electro-optical deflection unit on the light beams. Furthermore, the light beams can be shaped accordingly by the segments or the microstructures. In particular, the illumination amount of the light beams or the laser beams can be improved.

According to a further embodiment, the optical element has at least one reflection surface for reflecting the respective deflected light beams. It can thus be provided that the light beams, after they are coupled into the optical element, are first of all reflected once or several times within the optical element. For this purpose, the optical element on the reflection surfaces have corresponding coatings on which the light rays are reflected. In this way, the respective light beams can be guided to the predetermined transmission angle.

In a further embodiment, the optical element has at least one

Coupling surface for coupling the deflected light beams, wherein the at least one coupling-in surface has a coating for reducing refractive losses. This coating can be designed in particular as an antireflection coating. The light beams, which are deflected by the electro-optical deflection unit, are coupled into the optical element. Here, the difference between the refractive index of the electro-optical deflection unit and the

Refractive index of the optical element less than the difference between the refractive index of the electro-optical deflector and the refractive index of the air. For example, the refractive index of the electro-optical deflection unit may be about 3.5, and the refractive index of the optical element may be about 2.

Accordingly, the angle of refraction of the light rays from the electro-optical

Deflection unit in the optical element relatively low, whereby the effect of the coating or the anti-reflection coating is increased. In addition, it may be provided that at the at least one decoupling surface a

Coating is applied to the optical element to reduce losses in coupling out the light beams. In a further refinement, the at least one electro-optical deflection unit has an optical waveguide for guiding the light beams by total reflection of the light beams at interfaces of the optical waveguide and an element for influencing an entry angle of the light beams fed to the optical waveguide and / or an exit angle of the light beams emerging from the optical waveguide , Within the electro-optical deflection unit, the respective light beams can be guided in the light guide. Through the element, the entrance angle at which the light rays enter the light guide and / or the exit angle of the light rays from the light guide can be changed. In particular, the element may be designed such that it alters its refractive index as a function of an electric field applied to the element. For example, the element may comprise a liquid crystal. In particular, it is provided that the electro-optical deflection unit is designed as a so-called Steerable Electro Evanesent Optical Reflector (SEEOR).

In a further embodiment, the deflection device has at least two electro-optical deflection units, wherein the respective exit regions of the at least two electro-optical deflection units are connected to the optical element. In this case, each of the electro-optical deflection units can be assigned a light source in order to couple the light beams into the respective electro-optical deflection unit. With the optical element, the light beams, which are deflected with the at least two electro-optical deflection units, can then be guided into respective predetermined transmission angles. It can be provided, for example, that each of the electro-optical deflection units is assigned a coupling-out surface of the optical element. Thus, each of the electro-optical deflecting units can be assigned a detection area in which the respective light beams are guided with the optical element. It can be provided that the detection areas of the electro-optical deflection units to the overlap or are different from each other in regions. Thus, by the optical element, the detection ranges of the respective electro-optical deflection units can be adjusted depending on the application.

An optoelectronic sensor according to the invention for a motor vehicle comprises a deflection device according to the invention. It is provided in particular that the optoelectronic sensor is designed as a scanning Lidar sensor. Of the

Optoelectronic sensor may comprise a transmitter, which comprises the deflection device. Furthermore, the transmitter may comprise a corresponding light source, which is preferably designed as a laser diode. Furthermore, the optoelectronic Sensor comprises a receiver, which has, for example, a photodiode. In addition, the optoelectronic sensor can have a corresponding computing device, by means of which the emission of the light pulses can be controlled. Furthermore, the distance to the object can be determined with the computing device on the basis of the transit time. With the help of the computing device, the deflection device and in particular the electro-optical deflection unit can be controlled.

A driver assistance system according to the invention comprises an optoelectronic sensor according to the invention. For example, a distance to an object or an obstacle in the surroundings of the motor vehicle can be determined with the optoelectronic sensor. Based on the distance can then be issued with the driver assistance system an indication to the driver or intervene in the longitudinal guide and / or the transverse guidance of the motor vehicle.

A motor vehicle according to the invention comprises an inventive

Driver assistance system. The motor vehicle is designed in particular as a passenger car. The motor vehicle can also be designed as a truck or as a commercial vehicle.

The preferred embodiments presented with reference to the deflection device according to the invention and their advantages apply correspondingly to the optoelectronic sensor according to the invention, the driver assistance system according to the invention and the motor vehicle according to the invention.

Further features of the invention will become apparent from the claims, the figures and the description of the figures. The features and feature combinations mentioned above in the description, as well as the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and / or shown alone in the figures, can be used not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or in isolation, without the frame to leave the invention. Thus, embodiments of the invention are to be regarded as encompassed and disclosed, which are not explicitly shown and explained in the figures, however, emerge and can be produced by separated combinations of features from the embodiments explained. Embodiments and combinations of features are also to be regarded as disclosed, which thus do not have all the features of an originally formulated independent claim. In addition, embodiments and combinations of features, in particular by the embodiments set out above, are to be regarded as disclosed, which have moreover than the ones described in exceed or deviate from the combinations of features set out in the claims.

The invention will now be described with reference to preferred embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Showing:

1 shows a motor vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention

Invention, which is a driver assistance system with a

having optoelectronic sensor;

2 shows a deflection device according to an embodiment of the invention in a sectional side view;

Fig. 3 is a top of an optical element of the deflection according to

Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a bottom of the optical element of the deflection according to

Fig. 2; and

Fig. 5 is a detail view of a decoupling surface of the optical element.

In the figures, the same and functionally identical elements are the same

Provided with reference numerals.

Fig. 1 shows a motor vehicle 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention in a plan view. The motor vehicle 1 is present as a passenger car

educated. The motor vehicle 1 comprises a driver assistance system 2, which serves a driver of the motor vehicle 1 when driving the motor vehicle 1

support. With the driver assistance system 2, for example, an object 3, which is located in an environment 4 of the motor vehicle 1, are detected. If the object 3 is detected, the driver assistance system 2 can issue a warning to the driver. Furthermore, with the driver assistance system 2 in the

Steering, the brake system and / or the drive motor are intervened to avoid a collision with the object 3. For detecting the object 3, the driver assistance system 2 comprises a

Optoelectronic sensor 5. The optoelectronic sensor 5 may be formed as a lidar sensor. Preferably, the optoelectronic sensor 5 is designed as a scanning lidar sensor. The optoelectronic sensor 5 comprises a transmitter 6, by means of which light beams or light pulses can be transmitted as a transmission signal. This is illustrated in the present case by the arrow 8. With the transmitter 6, the light pulses can be emitted in a predetermined detection area 12.

For example, the light pulses can be emitted in a predetermined horizontal angle range. The optoelectronic sensor 5 further comprises a receiver 7, by means of which the light pulses reflected by the object 3 can be received again. This is illustrated by the arrow 9 in the present case.

In addition, the optoelectronic sensor 5 comprises a computing device 10, which may be formed for example by a microcontroller, a digital signal processor or an FPGA. With the computing device 10, the transmitter 6 for

Emission of the light pulses are controlled. In addition, the

Computing device 10 signals the receiver 7, which are generated with the receiver 7 on the basis of the received light pulses. Finally, the driver assistance system 2 comprises an electronic control unit 11, with which corresponding control signals can be output as a function of the object 3 detected by the optoelectronic sensor 5.

FIG. 2 shows a deflection device 13, which is part of the transmitter 6 of the optoelectronic sensor 5. The deflection device 13 comprises at least one electro-optical

Deflection unit 14. In the present embodiment, the

Deflection device 13, two electro-optical deflection units 14, which are interconnected and arranged one above the other. Each of the electro-optical

Deflection units 14 have an inlet region 18 for coupling in a light beam 16, 16 '. At the inlet region 18, a coating 24 is provided, which may be formed as an antireflection coating. In this case, a first light beam 16 is supplied to the upper electro-optical deflection unit 14 and a second light beam 16 'to the lower electro-optical deflection unit 14. These light beams 16, 16 'can each be provided by a light source or a laser diode.

In addition, the electro-optical deflection units 14 each comprise a light guide 17 through which the respective light beams 16, 16 'are passed. Here are the respective light beams 16, 16 'directed by total reflection at interfaces of the optical fiber 17. The respective light beam 16, 16 'emerges from the electro-optical deflection unit 14 at an exit region 18. In addition, the electro-optical include

Deflecting units 14 each have an element 19 through which an entry angle, under which the light beam 16, 16 'enters the light guide 17, and an exit angle at which the light beam 16, 16' emerges from the light guide 17, can be influenced. The electro-optical deflection units 14 further comprise an electrode 20 by means of which an electric field acting on the element 19 can be influenced. By the electric field, the refractive index of the element 19 can be influenced. Thus, the entrance angle and the angle of failure can be influenced. By adapting the entry angle and / or the exit angle, a deflection angle α, a ', under which the respective light beam 16, 16' emerges from the electro-optical deflection unit 14, can be influenced.

In addition, the deflection device 13 comprises an optical element 21. The optical

Element 21 is connected to the respective exit region 18. The optical element 21 has a first coupling surface 22a, which is connected to the outlet region 18 of the upper electro-optical deflection unit 14, and a second coupling surface 22b, which is connected to the outlet region 18 of the lower electro-optical deflection unit 14. At the coupling surfaces 22a, 22b, the optical element 21 in each case has a coating 23. This coating 23 can in particular as

Antireflection coating be formed.

The respective light beams 16, 16 ', which are coupled out of the electro-optical deflection units 14, are coupled into the optical element 21. In this case, the light beam 16 of the upper electro-optical deflection unit 14 at a first

Reflection surface 25a and at a second reflection surface 25b of the optical

Elements 21 reflected. At the reflection surfaces 25a, 25b, the optical element 21 may have a corresponding coating. After reflection of the light beam 16 at the reflection surfaces 25a, 25b, the light beam 16 emerges from the optical element 21 at a first outcoupling surface 26a. This results in a transmission angle β, in which the light beam 16 is deflected. The light beam 16 'of the lower electro-optical deflection unit 14 is refracted inside the optical element 21 and emerges from the optical element 21 at a second outcoupling surface 26 b. Also the light beam 16 'is deflected at a predetermined transmission angle β'. Overall, the light beams 16 and 16 'can be independently guided or deflected by means of the optical element 21. At the decoupling surfaces 26a, 26b of the optical element 21 is also in each case a coating 27 applied to reduce losses in coupling out the light beams 16, 16 'to reduce.

FIG. 3 shows the optical element 21 from FIG. 2 from an upper side. Here, the first coupling surface 22a can be seen, which is rectangular in shape. These

Einkoppelfläche 22 a can be arranged at the corresponding exit region 18 of the upper electro-optical deflection unit 14. In particular, the optical element 21 on the coupling surface 22a can be materially connected to the corresponding outlet region 18.

4 shows the optical element 21 from a lower side. Here is the second one

Detecting coupling surface 22, which is also rectangular in shape. This coupling-in surface 22b can also be arranged on the corresponding exit region 18 of the lower electro-optical deflection unit 14 and, in particular, can be connected to it in a materially bonded manner. Furthermore, the first outcoupling surface 26a and the second outcoupling surface 26b can be seen.

5 shows one of the decoupling surfaces 26a, 26b in a detailed view. The two outcoupling surfaces 26a, 26b are each concave. In addition, the decoupling surfaces 26a, 26b have a plurality of segments 28. Each segment 28 is assigned a discrete transmission angle β, β ', under which the respective light beams 16, 16' are emitted. The respective segments 28 may be provided, for example, by a microtechnical manufacturing process. The segments 28 may be formed as freeform lenses or as diffractive optics. In the present case, the segments 28 are formed as microstructured prismatic surfaces.

Claims

claims

1 . Deflection device (13) for an optoelectronic sensor (5) of a

Motor vehicle (1), with at least one electro-optical deflection unit (14) which is adapted to deflect light beams (16, 16 ') into predetermined deflection angles (α, a'), wherein the at least one electro-optical deflection unit (14). an entrance area (15) for coupling the light beams (16, 16 ') and a

Having outlet region (18) for coupling out the deflected light beams (16, 16 '),

characterized in that

the deflection device (13) comprises an optical element (21) which is arranged on the exit region (18) of the at least one electro-optical deflection unit (14) and which is adapted to control the respective ones of the at least one electro-optical deflection unit (14) ) deflected light beams (16, 16 ') for each of the predetermined deflection angles (α, a') to a predetermined transmission angle (ß, ß ') to lead.

2. deflection device (13) according to claim 1,

characterized in that

the optical element (21) is materially connected to the at least one electro-optical deflection unit (14).

3. deflection device (13) according to claim 1 or 2,

characterized in that

the optical element (21) is adapted to deflect the respective ones

Light beams (16, 16 ') to break, wherein the optical element (21) at least one outcoupling surface (26a, 26b) for coupling out the light beams (16, 16').

4. deflection device (13) according to claim 3,

characterized in that

the at least one decoupling surface (26a, 26b) having a plurality of segments (28), wherein each of the predetermined transmission angle (ß, ß ') is associated with a segment (28).

5. deflection device (13) according to claim 4,

characterized in that

the respective segments (28) as freeform lenses, microstructured

Surface areas and / or are designed as diffractive optical elements.

6. deflection device (13) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the optical element (21) at least one reflection surface (25a, 25b) for

Reflecting the respective deflected light beams (16, 16 ').

7. deflection device (13) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the optical element (21) at least one coupling surface (22a, 22b) for

Coupling the deflected light beams (16, 16 '), wherein the at least one coupling-in surface (22a, 22b) has a coating for reducing

Has refractive losses.

8. deflection device (13) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the at least one electro-optical deflection unit (14) comprises a light guide (17) for guiding the light beams (16, 16 ') by total reflection of the light beams (16, 16') at interfaces of the light guide (17) and an element (19) for influencing an entrance angle of the light guide (17) supplied light beams (16, 16 ') and / or an exit angle of the light guide (17) emerging light beams (16, 16').

9. deflection device (13) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that

the deflection device (13) has at least two electro-optical deflection units (14), wherein the respective exit regions (18) of the at least two electro-optical deflection units (14) are connected to the optical element (21).

10. An optoelectronic sensor (5) for a motor vehicle (1) with a deflection device (13) according to one of the preceding claims.

1 1. Optoelectronic sensor (5) according to claim 10,

characterized in that

the optoelectronic sensor (5) is designed as a scanning Lidar sensor.

12. driver assistance system (2) for a motor vehicle (1) with at least one

Optoelectronic sensor according to claim 10 or 11.

13. Motor vehicle (1) with a driver assistance system (2) according to claim 12.