WO2018157770A1 - Foam production method, fire extinguishing method, and foam extinguishing appliance - Google Patents

Abstract

A foam production method and use thereof in fire extinguishing, as well as a fire extinguishing method. The foam production method comprises mixing liquid nitrogen with a foaming material to produce foam by means of the foaming material. The foam production method pioneers using the method of mixing a gas produced in situ from liquid nitrogen with a foaming material. As the ratio of the volume of the gas produced by gasification of liquid nitrogen to the volume of the liquid nitrogen is relatively high, when a large gas supply flow is needed to generate a large foam flow, a liquid nitrogen storage device of a small volume can be used instead of bulky air supply devices such as high-pressure gas cylinders, air compressors, air compressor sets and the like, reducing the volume of the air supply device. In addition, the liquid nitrogen used in foaming will release nitrogen gas after the foam blast, such that the nitrogen is also able to inhibit combustion on the surface of burning materials, accelerating the extinguishing of the fire.

Description

Foam generation method and fire extinguishing method and foam fire extinguishing device Technical field

The present invention relates to a foam generating method and a method of using the foam produced by the method for extinguishing fire and a foam fire extinguishing apparatus.

Background technique

The existing compressed gas foam fire extinguishing is mainly carried out by mixing a high pressure gas and a foam mixed liquid to produce a foam. The specific foam fire extinguishing methods mainly include two types of regulated compressed gas foam fire extinguishing and gas storage foam fire extinguishing. Among them, compressed gas foam fire extinguishing is usually carried out by means of gas compressors, high-pressure gas pipe networks or compressed gas cylinders, while gas compressors and compressed gas cylinders have limited gas supply, which cannot meet large flow, high pressure and long-term supply. Gas requirements, and most places do not have high pressure gas pipe network. If you need to achieve high flow, high pressure, long-term gas supply, you need to set up multiple compressors or compressed gas cylinders (for example, a foam fire truck with a flow rate of 150L/S, the gas supply flow rate is at least 1050L / s, its gas supply needs to be supplied by a plurality of large air compressors), which takes up a large space, and often does not have space for arrangement in the tank farm area and the equipment area, which is not conducive to site layout.

Another type of gas-fired foam fire extinguishing usually stores compressed gas in a fire extinguisher container. When a large flow rate is injected, the compressed gas will be consumed in a large amount. In order to ensure high-pressure injection of the fire extinguishing agent, it is necessary to replenish the fire extinguishing agent container in time. Gas, and in the state of large flow injection, only the air compressor and the compressed gas cylinder can not guarantee sufficient replenishment of the compressed gas, which makes it impossible to effectively achieve the high pressure injection requirement. As the injection continues, the pressure inside the container is significantly reduced. The foam performance gradually deteriorates, which affects the fire extinguishing effect. When a major fire extinguishing is carried out, it is necessary to produce a large-flow foam fire extinguishing. At this time, the flow rate of the foam mixed liquid is increased, and the gas supply amount of the compressed gas is also required to be increased, and the existing gas supply mode cannot realize the high-flow high-pressure compressed gas. The current compressed gas foam fire truck's maximum foam mixture flow rate is only 20 ~ 30L / s, currently used mainly for general-scale fire fighting, such as building fires, small-scale ground bonfires, etc., which can not be in large storage tanks Application in fires or large-scale ground rogue fires.

No. 5,497,833 A discloses a method of increasing the performance of a nozzle for directing a flow of water onto a target comprising: injecting an effective amount of liquefied gas and a foam generating composition at a position sufficiently upstream from the outlet of the nozzle To the water flowing through the nozzle to allow the liquefied gas to substantially completely evaporate and solidify the liquefied gas before exiting the nozzle. The method improves the fire extinguishing performance by increasing the speed of the water flow by using the driving force generated by the gasification of the liquefied gas, thereby increasing the jetting distance. And in this disclosure it is clear that the fire extinguishing performance of carbon dioxide is enhanced compared to liquid nitrogen.

Summary of the invention

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art high pressure gas supply technology and to provide a new method for producing foam which is capable of obtaining a relatively large amount of foam through a small volume of gas supply equipment, and which is used in the method. It has a high fire extinguishing efficiency when extinguishing fires.

In order to achieve the above object, an aspect of the present invention provides a foam generating method for fire fighting, which comprises mixing a liquefied medium and a foam mixture and applying a disturbance to enhance contact between the liquefied medium and the foam mixture.

A second aspect of the present invention provides a foam generating method for fire fighting, which comprises mixing a liquefied medium, water and a foam stock solution and applying a disturbance to enhance contact between the liquefied medium and the foam stock solution and water.

A third aspect of the present invention also provides a fire extinguishing method which produces a foam using the above foam generating method, and then outputs the foam to extinguish the fire.

A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a foam fire extinguishing apparatus comprising a foam generating unit and a foam jetting unit, wherein the foam generating unit comprises a mixing device having a mixing chamber and a spoiler member The spoiler member is disposed in the mixing chamber, the mixing chamber is provided with a first inlet, a second inlet, and a first outlet, and the foam generating unit communicates with the foam ejecting unit through the first outlet.

A fifth aspect of the invention provides a foam fire extinguishing apparatus comprising a foam generating unit and a foam spraying unit, wherein the foam generating unit comprises a foam mixed liquid generating device and a mixing device, the foam mixed liquid The generating device includes a mixer having a mixing chamber and a spoiler member, the spoiler member being disposed in the mixing chamber, the mixing chamber being provided with a first inlet, a second inlet, and a first outlet, The foam mixture generating device is in communication with the first inlet of the mixing device to provide a foaming mixture to the mixing device, the first outlet of the mixing chamber being in communication with the foaming unit.

A sixth aspect of the invention provides a foam fire extinguishing apparatus comprising a foam generating unit and a foam jetting unit, wherein the foam generating unit comprises a mixing device having a mixing chamber and a spoiler member The spoiler member is disposed in the mixing chamber, the mixing chamber has a second inlet, a third inlet, a fourth inlet, and a first outlet, and the foam generating unit passes the first outlet and the foam jet Units are connected.

For the first time, the present invention adopts a method in which a gas generated in situ by a liquefied medium and a foaming substance are sufficiently mixed under the action of a spoiler member to foam the foamed material and extinguish the fire, and the volume of the gas generated by the gasification of the liquefied medium itself is as described above. The volume ratio of the liquefaction medium itself is relatively high, so that when a large flow rate of gas supply is provided, a large volume of gas supply equipment can be substituted for a large gas supply device such as a high pressure gas cylinder, an air compressor or an air compressor unit, thereby greatly reducing the gas supply equipment. volume of.

When the foam generating method of the present invention is used for fire extinguishing, the fire fighting equipment has a fast response speed and can quickly respond to generate a large amount of gas in a short time, and can replace the conventional air compressor, compressed gas cylinder, high pressure gas pipe network and the like. And can meet the demand of large-flow high-pressure gas supply for generating large-flow foam, and provide sufficient gas volume for large-flow injection of compressed gas foam fire extinguishing system and gas storage foam fire extinguishing system, realizing the technology in major fire extinguishing Effective application; and because of long gas supply time, no external power, and strong independent working ability, it avoids the need to equip multiple air compressors and compressed gas cylinders in large flow injection demand, which takes up a small space and is set up. Flexible, easy to arrange on site and fire fighting.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of a foam mixing device used in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural view of a spoiler;

3 is a schematic structural view of a spoiler component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural view of a spoiler component according to another embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a spoiler component according to still another embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

6 is a schematic structural view of a spoiler component according to still another embodiment of the present invention;

7 and 8 are schematic structural views of a foam generating unit and a fire extinguishing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

9 and 10 are schematic structural views of a fire extinguishing apparatus and a foam generating unit according to another embodiment of the present invention;

11 and FIG. 12 are schematic structural views of a fire extinguishing apparatus and a foam generating unit according to still another embodiment of the present invention;

13-15 are microphotographs of foams obtained by the foam generating method of the present invention;

16-19 are microphotographs of foams obtained using prior art foam production methods.

detailed description

The endpoints and any values of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise range or value, and such ranges or values should be understood to include values that are close to the ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values of the various ranges, the endpoint values of the various ranges and the individual point values, and the individual point values can be combined with one another to yield one or more new ranges of values. The scope should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

In the foam generating method for fire extinguishing provided by the present invention, the liquefied medium and the foaming substance (e.g., in-situ or preformed foam mixture) are thoroughly mixed to produce a foam. For thorough mixing, a disturbance is applied to the mixture of the liquefied medium and the foamed material during or after the contact of the liquefied medium with the foamed material to enhance contact between the liquefied medium and the foamed material.

In the present invention, the mixing is carried out under the action of a spoiler. The disturbance can be implemented by providing a spoiler, preferably a spoiler is provided in the mixing device. Adequate contact and mixing of the liquefied medium and the foamed substance is promoted by providing a spoiler member in the mixing device. A spoiler component can be understood as any structure or arrangement that affects the flow state of the fluid, such as a projection on the wall of the vessel, and changing the shape of the mixing chamber to change the direction of foam flow can be referred to as a spoiler.

The spoiler member may be various devices capable of preventing the liquefied medium and the foaming material from flowing out or ejecting directly, and may be, for example, various shapes such as a baffle plate and a doctor blade, and preferably the shape of the spoiler member is a cone. A structure, a hemispherical structure, or a platform structure (such as shown in a, b, and c in Fig. 2).

In order to more fully achieve the above effects, when the spoiler member has a shape of a tapered shape, a hemispherical structure, or a platform structure, the one end having a smaller cross section faces the inlet of the liquefied medium, and the cross section. The larger end faces the bubble outlet.

In the present invention, the liquefaction medium may be a liquefied substance capable of expanding in volume after various vaporization, and is preferably at least one of liquid nitrogen, liquid carbon dioxide, and liquefied inert gas. The inert gas refers to a gas of a group zero element of the periodic table.

The present invention reduces the volume of gas means required when a large flow rate of foam is required by using a liquefied medium as a gas source instead of conventional compressed air. For example, in the case of liquid nitrogen, liquid nitrogen can rapidly generate gas and the generated gas can be easily mixed with a foaming substance to generate bubbles, and the expansion ratio of liquid nitrogen is usually about 700, that is, 1 volume of liquid nitrogen can usually be used. Providing about 700 volumes of atmospheric nitrogen, the volume of gas produced by liquid nitrogen is greatly increased compared to the volume of liquid nitrogen itself, while the compression ratio of conventional compressed air is not more than 20, whereby the same amount of gas can be obtained. The volume of the gas source is greatly reduced, so that the liquid nitrogen can be directly used as a gas source to mix with the foaming substance to generate the foam, without the need to first nitrogenize the liquid outside the foaming device as in the prior art, and then vaporize the vaporized gas. It is fed into the foaming device and mixed with the foaming material, thereby greatly reducing the volume of the device, improving the flexibility of the device and broadening the application site.

In the present invention, the ratio of the volume of the gas generated by the liquid nitrogen to the volume of the liquid nitrogen itself, that is, the expansion ratio is as high as 700 or more, so that the use of liquid nitrogen as a gas source instead of the conventional compressed air can greatly reduce the volume of the gas source, thereby reducing The volume of the mixing device. The compression ratio of compressed air currently used in compressed gas foam systems is generally less than 20.

Since liquid nitrogen is vaporized into a gas at a normal room temperature, gas can be obtained without additional operations.

Take the fire of 100,000 cubic meters of storage tanks as an example to compare and analyze the configuration of negative pressure foam (suction foam), compressed gas foam supplied by liquid nitrogen, and compressed gas foam supplied by compressor unit. .

(1) For the negative pressure foam fire extinguishing system, based on the foreign fire extinguishing case and the report of the results of the research report on the prevention of disaster prevention system review in Japan, the API, LASTFIRE and other international authoritative standards and the recommended value of the tank fire research organization. , 100,000 m3 tank for fire fighting total area, at least its intensity foam mixture supply need 9L / min.m ^2, at least the flow rate required foam mixture 45216L / min, at least for an extinguishing time 60min, are minimum The consumption of the foam mixture was 2712 m ³ .

(2) For the compressed gas foam fire extinguishing system for compressor air supply, it is generally considered that the foam supply strength of the compressed gas foam fire extinguishing system is 1/4 of that of the negative pressure foam fire extinguishing system, but the whole area fire of the 100,000 cubic meter storage tank The fire extinguishing area is large. According to the inventor's large-scale oil pan fire extinguishing experiment data, the foam supply intensity is suitably 5.4 L/min.m ² and the foam mixed liquid flow rate is 27130 L/min. 7 as the target expansion ratio in which an amount of gas should be at least 190m ³ / min, together with loss, the amount of gas is not less than 200m ³ / min. According to the current air supply capacity of large air compressor units (20-28m ³ /min), it is necessary to configure 7-10 large air compressors to supply air in parallel. The area of each air compressor is about 5-6m ^{2 .} The total area of the air compressor unit is 35-70m ² . Extinguishing time was 60min, the consumption of foam mixture is 1627m ^3. The large-scale oil pan fire extinguishing test refers to igniting diesel oil in a 21m diameter oil pool to form a full-area fire, and then using a foam fire extinguishing device to spray foam into the oil pan for fire extinguishing test.

(3) For a compressed gas foam fire extinguishing system for liquid nitrogen supply, the foam supply strength is also 5.4 L/min.m ² , and the foam mixed liquid flow rate is 27130 L/min. 7 as the target expansion ratio in which an amount of gas should be at least 190m ³ / min, together with loss, the amount of gas is not less than 200m ³ / min. The gas supply amount is 12000 m ^{3 in} 60 min, and the volume is 710 times after the liquid nitrogen gasification, so the required liquid nitrogen amount is 17 m ³ . The actual extinguishing time was 60 min and the consumption of the foam mixture was 1627 m ³ . The volume of a liquid nitrogen tanker is generally 25m ³ and the footprint is about 10m ² . After the liquid nitrogen tanker is fully loaded with liquid nitrogen, the continuous supply time is 88 minutes. The specific comparison is shown in Table 1 below.

Table 1

It can be seen from the above comparison that the liquid nitrogen supply mode of the invention can greatly reduce the site area required for the gas supply equipment and reduce the difficulty of gas supply, so that large-area fire extinguishing becomes possible.

According to the present invention, in order to be able to achieve a reduction in the volume of the foaming device, it is apparent that the gas is generated by the outside and the gas is mixed with the foaming material in advance, and it is obvious that the above object can be achieved by using the above method. For example, a portion of the gas may be provided in an existing manner, and another portion of the gas may be provided in a manner that is immediately described in the present invention. Therefore, the present invention may have a portion of the gas previously produced outside the foaming device, and then mix the gas with the foaming material. It is also possible to generate all of the gases in an instant manner. That is, the gas for foaming of the present invention may be partially provided by an existing method, another portion may be provided by in-situ gasification of liquid nitrogen, or may be entirely supplied by in-situ gasification of liquid nitrogen. In order to maximize the advantage of reducing the volume of the gas supply means, at least 20% by volume, preferably at least 60% by volume, more preferably 100% by volume, of the gas is produced instantaneously by liquid nitrogen gasification. That is, in the present invention, at least partially means at least 20% by volume, for example, 25% by volume, 30% by volume, 35% by volume, 40% by volume, 45% by volume, 50% by volume, 55% by volume, 60% by volume, and 65% by volume. 70% by volume, 75% by volume, 80% by volume, 85% by volume, 90% by volume, 95% by volume, 100% by volume.

That is, in the present invention, the manner in which the liquefied medium and the foaming substance are mixed may be directly in contact with the foaming substance in the form of a liquid stream, or the liquidized medium may be partially or completely vaporized. The foaming materials are each in contact with each other in the form of a fluid stream. Preferably, the liquefied medium is mixed with the foaming substance within 10 minutes, preferably within 60 seconds, more preferably within 20 seconds, and still more preferably within 10 seconds after gasification.

The conditions for the mixing are not particularly limited, and the usual ambient temperature is sufficient. Preferably, the conditions of the mixing include a mixing temperature of -10 ° C to 60 ° C. That is, the liquefied medium and the foamed material may be mixed at -10 ° C to 60 ° C. The mixing of the liquefied medium with the foaming material is divided into two stages: a first stage under disturbance of the spoiler of the mixing device and a second stage before being ejected from the spray gun after exiting the mixing device. Preferably, the time of the first phase is 1-5 seconds, preferably 1-3 seconds, such as 1.2 seconds, 1.4 seconds, 1.5 seconds, 1.6 seconds, 1.7 seconds, 1.8 seconds, 1.9 seconds, 2.0 seconds, 2.1 seconds, 2.2 seconds , 2.3 seconds, 2.4 seconds, 2.5 seconds, 2.6 seconds, 2.7 seconds, 2.8 seconds, 2.9 seconds. The time of the second stage depends on the injection speed and the length of the spray gun pipe (the distance between the foam outlet and the spray gun nozzle). For large fire extinguishing equipment, the second stage time is generally 6-40 seconds, preferably 10 -20 seconds such as 11 seconds, 12 seconds, 13 seconds, 14 seconds, 15 seconds, 16 seconds, 17 seconds, 18 seconds, 19 seconds, 19.5 seconds. In the present invention, the time of the first stage refers to the period from the liquefaction medium and the foam mixture, or the liquefied medium, the mixture of water and foam, and the time from the last entry into the mixing chamber to the end of the exit of the mixing chamber, the second period of time It refers to the period of time from the exit of the mixing chamber to the discharge from the fire fighting equipment.

Preferably, the liquefied medium is mixed with the foaming substance foam mixture at a pressure of 1 MPa or more, preferably 1-2 MPa; the foaming substance is mixed with the liquefied medium at a pressure of 0.8 MPa or more, preferably 0.8-1.5 MPa.

In the present invention, in order to obtain a fire extinguishing foam of a better quality, the liquefied medium and the foaming substance must be thoroughly mixed.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the foam generating method comprises feeding a liquefied medium and a foamed mixture into a mixing device for direct mixing to produce a foam, and the mixing device is provided with a spoiler.

According to the experimental test results, a volume ratio of the foam mixture to the liquid nitrogen in the range of 80-160:1 can obtain a better quality compressed gas foam. Preferably, the volume ratio of the foam mixture to liquid nitrogen is 90-130:1, for example, 91:1, 95:1, 96:1, 98:1, 100:1, 102:1, 105:1, 106:1 , 108:1, 110:1, 103:1, 105:1, 110:1, 112:1, 114:1, 115:1, 117:1, 119:1, 120:1, 122:1, 124 : 1, 126: 1, 128: 1. Better quality of compressed gas foam means that the foam lasts longer and is less prone to cracking, resulting in better fire extinguishing.

The inventors of the present invention have found that the foamed material is a foamed liquid mixture, and a good compressed gas foam can be realized when the flow rate of the liquid nitrogen and the foamed material satisfies the following relationship: Q = mV / nf. Wherein Q is the volume flow rate of liquid nitrogen, m is a set expansion ratio, and the value is generally in the range of 5-200, preferably 5-20, more preferably in the range of 6-8, and V is the volume flow rate of the foaming substance. n is the volume expansion ratio of liquid nitrogen, and f is the pipeline loss, and the value is in the range of 1-1.4. The volumetric flow rate V of the foaming material is determined by the Design Code for Foam Fire Extinguishing Systems (GB50151-2010) according to the fire area. The volume expansion ratio n of liquid nitrogen refers to the ratio of the volume of nitrogen after expansion to the volume of liquid nitrogen before expansion.

When liquid nitrogen is used as the gas source and the foam mixture is the foaming substance, the foam mixture is the main normal temperature fluid, and after mixing with the liquid nitrogen, the foam mixture can fully exchange heat with the liquid nitrogen, and the liquid nitrogen is in the foam mixture fluid. Quickly vaporize and immediately participate in foaming. After the liquid is nitrogenized, the foam mixture has a large flow rate, and the liquid temperature is reduced little, which is completely negligible and does not affect the foam quality. Even if the liquid nitrogen is in contact with the foam mixture for the first time, the foam mixture may produce a small amount of hail, but if the liquid nitrogen and foam mixture is effectively and quickly dispersed in the mixing device, the volume and amount of hail will be reduced to a very low level. To the extent that, in subsequent flows, these hail will melt quickly, without affecting foaming and foaming at all.

The foam mixture can be directly commercially available or can be prepared by premixing a foam stock solution with water. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the foamed mixture is obtained by mixing a foam stock solution with water, the volume ratio of the foam stock solution to water being from 1 to 10:50 to 300, preferably from 3 to 7:80 to 160. .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the foam generating method comprises directly mixing the liquefied medium and the foamed mixture and then vaporizing to produce a foam, the mixing being carried out under stirring. The mixture is subjected to a disturbance by stirring to enhance the contact between the liquefied medium and the foam mixture.

For this embodiment, the mixing can be carried out in a mixing device 11 as shown in Figure 1, the mixing device 11 having a mixing chamber 111 in which the spoiler 112 is disposed, the mixing chamber 111 has a first inlet 114, a second inlet 115, and a first outlet 116. The foam mixture and the liquefied medium are respectively input into the mixing chamber from the first inlet 114 and the second inlet 115, and are mixed in the mixing chamber to be gasified. Foaming, the resulting foam is output from the first outlet 116 for extinguishing the fire.

In the present invention, a place for providing contact between the foaming liquid and the liquefied medium is referred to as a mixing chamber, and the internal space from the start of contact between the foaming liquid and the liquefied medium until the foam is ejected may be referred to as a mixing chamber. The shape of the mixing chamber can be various shapes, such as a cylindrical cavity or a tubular cavity. The disturbance can exist anywhere or at all locations of the mixing chamber. The disturbance can be achieved by providing a spoiler, or by introducing a gas into the mixing chamber, and other means of achieving fluid perturbation are within the scope of the invention.

In the present invention, an opening for a foaming substance such as a foam mixed liquid to enter the mixing chamber 111 is referred to as a first inlet, and an opening for the liquefied medium to enter the mixing chamber 111 is referred to as a second inlet, which will be used for foaming The opening of the raw liquid entering the mixing chamber 111 is referred to as a third inlet, and the opening for supplying water into the mixing chamber 111 is referred to as a fourth inlet, and the opening for discharging foam formed by the foaming out of the mixing chamber is referred to as a first outlet, wherein The first, second, third, and fourth are used for distinguishing purposes only in the description, and do not represent sequential relationships, nor do they represent quantities. Each of the openings may be one or more. When there are a plurality of, the diameter described later refers to the corresponding diameter of the total area of the plurality of openings. (Note: In this mixing device, attention is paid to the flow area of each inlet, which is compared by the diameter of each inlet.)

According to an embodiment of the invention, the second inlet 115 may be provided with a plurality of surrounding the first inlet 114. Preferably, the direction of the plurality of second inlets 115 is sequentially offset from the radial direction in the lateral direction such that the flow of the liquefied medium into which the second inlet 115 enters is capable of rotational flow. Here, when the mixing device 11 has a cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure of the mixing device 11 has a longitudinal direction from one end to the other end, and a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is the lateral direction.

In addition, a plurality of first outlets 116 may be provided for respectively connecting the injection lines so as to be sprayed in a plurality of directions by one mixing device.

The mixing chamber 111 is used to provide a mixing place of the liquefied medium and the foam mixed liquid, so that the structure and shape thereof can satisfy the above requirements. Preferably, the mixing chamber 111 has a cylindrical structure.

Here, as described above, the spoiler member 112 can be understood as any structure that affects the flow of the fluid, such as providing a projection on the wall, changing the shape of the mixing chamber to change the direction of the foam flow, etc., can be referred to as a spoiler. Preferably, the spoiler member 112 may be formed as a tapered structure, a hemispherical structure, a platform structure (shown as a, b, and c, respectively, as in FIG. 2) or other irregularly shaped structures. The tapered top of the tapered structure, the spherical top of the hemispherical structure, or the top surface of the platform of the platform structure faces the first inlet 114.

Preferably, the cross section of the spoiler member 112 is circular, and the relationship between the diameter D7 of the spoiler member 112 and the diameter D2 of the first inlet 114 is: D7/D2=0.6-4, preferably D7/D2=1.1- 2.

Preferably, the cross-section of the spoiler member (112) is circular, and the relationship between the diameter D7 of the spoiler member (112) and the diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure is: D1/D7=1.2- 4.

By controlling D7 to satisfy the above relationship, on the one hand, the liquefied medium can be mixed with the foaming substance to a large extent, and on the other hand, the foam discharge cross section can be reduced to increase the ejection speed, thereby reducing the spoiler to the jetting. The adverse effects of speed.

The distance L between the tip end of the spoiler member 112 and the outflow port of the liquefied medium at the second inlet 115 is 0-100 mm. In this preferred mode, the mixture is capable of forming a turbulent flow, thereby allowing the gas-liquid mixing to be more sufficient to obtain a higher quality foam.

When the spoiler member 112 has a tapered structure and a hemispherical structure, the cross-section of the spoiler member 112 is circular, and the diameter D7 of the spoiler member 112 is the diameter of each circle. Further preferably, the cross-section of the spoiler member 112 is circular, and the relationship between the diameter D7 of the spoiler member and the diameter D2 of the first inlet refers to the diameter of the largest cross-sectional area of the spoiler member. Satisfying the above relationship, the taper angle is preferably 90-130° for the tapered structure.

A mounting portion 1125 for securing within the mixing chamber can be disposed on the spoiler member 112. As shown in FIG. 1, the spoiler 112 is mounted with a tapered top toward the first inlet 114, and the liquid of the foamed substance mixed with the liquefied medium is directed toward the spoiler 112, which can be broken. The liquid flow causes the fluid to be disturbed, so that the liquefied medium and the foamed material are thoroughly mixed to obtain a foam having uniform foaming and good performance.

Of course, the manner in which the spoiler member 112 is disposed is not limited to the above, for example, a plurality of spoiler members may be disposed, distributed at different positions in the mixing chamber, and any form of spoiler capable of disturbing the liquid flow. Parts are available.

As shown in FIG. 3, the spoiler member 112 may include a plurality of thread segments 1121. The plurality of thread segments 1121 may be sequentially disposed on the wall surface of the mixing chamber 111 along the length direction of the mixing chamber 111, and the rotation of the adjacent two thread segments 1121. The opposite direction.

When the foamed material mixed with the liquefied medium flows through one of the adjacent two thread segments 1121, the foamed substance can be rotated in one of a clockwise direction and a counterclockwise direction due to the flow guiding action of the threaded portion 1121. . When the foamed material flows through the other of the adjacent two thread segments 1121, the foamed material can be rotated in the other of the clockwise direction and the counterclockwise direction due to the flow guiding action of the threaded portion 1121. Thereby, the rotation direction of the foaming substance can be continuously changed, so that the foaming substance can be disturbed better and more violently, so that the liquefied medium and the foaming substance are sufficiently mixed, thereby obtaining uniform foaming and good performance. Bubble.

Preferably, the plurality of thread segments 1121 can be connected in sequence.

As shown in FIG. 4, the spoiler member 112 can include a first shaft 1121a, a second shaft 1121b, and a third axis 1121c. A first impeller 1122a and a first transmission member may be disposed on the first shaft 1121a, and a second impeller 1122b and a second transmission member may be disposed on the second shaft 1121b. The length direction of each of the first shaft 1121a and the second shaft 1121b may coincide with the longitudinal direction of the mixing chamber 111, that is, each of the first shaft 1121a and the second shaft 1121b may extend along the length direction of the mixing chamber 111. The direction of rotation of the first shaft 1121a may be opposite to the direction of rotation of the second shaft 1121b, that is, the direction of rotation of the first impeller 1122a may be opposite to the direction of rotation of the second impeller 1122b.

The third shaft 1121c may be provided with a third impeller 1122c, a third transmission member and a fourth transmission member, the third transmission member being engageable with the first transmission member, the fourth transmission member being engageable with the second transmission member . The longitudinal direction of the third shaft 1121c may be perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first shaft 1121a, that is, the longitudinal direction of the third shaft 1121c may be perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the mixing chamber 111.

Since the longitudinal direction of the third shaft 1121c is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the mixing chamber 111, the longitudinal direction of the third shaft 1121c and the rotational axis direction of the third impeller 1122c may be perpendicular to the flow direction of the foamed material in which the liquefied medium is mixed. Therefore, when the foaming material flows through the third impeller 1122c, the third impeller 1122c can be driven to rotate, and the third impeller 1122c can drive the third shaft 1121c to rotate.

Because the third transmission member is engaged with the first transmission member, and the fourth transmission member is engaged with the second transmission member, the third shaft 1121c can drive the first shaft 1121a and the second shaft 1121b to rotate, and thus the first shaft 1121a The first impeller 1122a can be rotated, and the second shaft 1121b can drive the second impeller 1122b to rotate.

Since the rotation direction of the first impeller 1122a is opposite to the rotation direction of the second impeller 1122b, the foaming substance can be roughly divided into two fluids by the first impeller 1122a and the second impeller 1122b, and the two fluids can collide with each other, or They impinge on the wall surface of the mixing chamber 111, respectively. Thereby, the foamed material can be disturbed better and more violently, so that the liquefied medium and the foamed material are sufficiently mixed, and a foam having uniform foaming and good performance can be obtained.

Preferably, the first transmission member and the third transmission member may both be bevel gears, or the third transmission member and the first transmission member may constitute a worm gear mechanism; the second transmission member and the fourth transmission member are both It may be a bevel gear, or the fourth transmission member and the second transmission member may constitute a worm gear mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 5, the spoiler member 112 may include a first shaft 1121a, a second shaft 1121b, a third shaft 1121c, and a motor 1123. A first impeller 1122a and a first transmission member 1124a may be disposed on the first shaft 1121a, and a second impeller 1122b and a second transmission member 1124b may be disposed on the second shaft 1121b. The length direction of each of the first shaft 1121a and the second shaft 1121b may coincide with the longitudinal direction of the mixing chamber 111, that is, each of the first shaft 1121a and the second shaft 1121b may extend along the length direction of the mixing chamber 111. The direction of rotation of the first shaft 1121a may be opposite to the direction of rotation of the second shaft 1121b, that is, the direction of rotation of the first impeller 1122a may be opposite to the direction of rotation of the second impeller 1122b.

A third transmission member 1124c may be disposed on the third shaft 1121c, and the third transmission member 1124c may be engaged with each of the first transmission member 1124a and the second transmission member 1124b. The motor 1123 can be coupled to the third shaft 1121c to drive the third shaft 1121c to rotate.

Since the third transmission member 1124c is engaged with each of the first transmission member 1124a and the second transmission member 1124b, the third shaft 1121c can drive the first shaft 1121a and the second shaft 1121b to rotate, so that the first shaft 1121a can drive the first When the impeller 1122a rotates, the second shaft 1121b can drive the second impeller 1122b to rotate.

Since the rotation direction of the first impeller 1122a is opposite to the rotation direction of the second impeller 1122b, the foaming substance can be roughly divided into two fluids by the first impeller 1122a and the second impeller 1122b, and the two fluids can collide with each other, or They impinge on the wall surface of the mixing chamber 111, respectively. Thereby, the foamed material can be disturbed better and more violently, so that the liquefied medium and the foamed material are sufficiently mixed, and a foam having uniform foaming and good performance can be obtained.

As shown in FIG. 5, the longitudinal direction of the third shaft 1121c may coincide with the longitudinal direction of the first shaft 1121a, that is, the longitudinal direction of the third shaft 1121c may coincide with the longitudinal direction of the mixing chamber 111, the first transmission member 1124a, the second Both the transmission member 1124b and the third transmission member 1124c may be cylindrical gears.

As shown in FIG. 6, the spoiler member 112 may include a first shaft 1121a, a second shaft 1121b, a third shaft 1121c, and a motor 1123. A first impeller 1122a and a first transmission member may be disposed on the first shaft 1121a, and a second impeller 1122b and a second transmission member may be disposed on the second shaft 1121b. The length direction of each of the first shaft 1121a and the second shaft 1121b may coincide with the longitudinal direction of the mixing chamber 111, that is, each of the first shaft 1121a and the second shaft 1121b may extend along the length direction of the mixing chamber 111. The direction of rotation of the first shaft 1121a may be opposite to the direction of rotation of the second shaft 1121b, that is, the direction of rotation of the first impeller 1122a may be opposite to the direction of rotation of the second impeller 1122b.

A third transmission member and a fourth transmission member may be disposed on the third shaft 1121c, and the third transmission member may be engaged with the first transmission member, and the fourth transmission member may be engaged with the second transmission member. The longitudinal direction of the third shaft 1121c may be perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the first shaft 1121a, that is, the longitudinal direction of the third shaft 1121c may be perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the mixing chamber 111. The motor 1123 can be coupled to the third shaft 1121c to drive the third shaft 1121c to rotate.

Because the third transmission member is engaged with the first transmission member, and the fourth transmission member is engaged with the second transmission member, the third shaft 1121c can drive the first shaft 1121a and the second shaft 1121b to rotate, and thus the first shaft 1121a The first impeller 1122a can be rotated, and the second shaft 1121b can drive the second impeller 1122b to rotate.

Since the rotation direction of the first impeller 1122a is opposite to the rotation direction of the second impeller 1122b, the foaming substance can be roughly divided into two fluids by the first impeller 1122a and the second impeller 1122b, and the two fluids can collide with each other, or They impinge on the wall surface of the mixing chamber 111, respectively. Thereby, the foamed material can be disturbed better and more violently, so that the liquefied medium and the foamed material are sufficiently mixed, and a foam having uniform foaming and good performance can be obtained.

Preferably, the first transmission member and the third transmission member may both be bevel gears, or the third transmission member and the first transmission member may constitute a worm gear mechanism; the second transmission member and the fourth transmission member are both It may be a bevel gear, or the fourth transmission member and the second transmission member may constitute a worm gear mechanism.

In the embodiment, the mixing chamber 111 of the mixing device 11 may further be provided with at least one porous structure 113 such as an orifice plate or a mesh, and a plurality of holes are arranged in each of the porous structures 113; the pores of the porous structure 113 are oriented. The first inlet 114 and the porous structure 113 are spaced away from the first inlet 114 relative to the top of the spoiler 112. The liquid flow shattered by the spoiler 112 is rushed from the periphery of the spoiler 112 to the porous structure 113, and the liquid flow can be further disturbed by the porous structure 113 to be further mixed.

When the mixing device is used in a specific application, as shown in FIG. 7, the first inlet 114 may be connected to the foam mixed liquid supply device 13 for holding the foam mixed liquid, or may be connected for mixing the foam raw liquid and water to obtain the foamed material. The foam mixture generating device 12; the second inlet 115 may be connected to the liquefied medium supply device 14, such as a liquid nitrogen tank, a liquid nitrogen transfer pipe network or a liquid nitrogen tanker. The devices are preferably connected by a connecting line 18.

Preferably, a flow regulator (ie, control valve) 19 is provided between the mixing device 11 and the foam mixed liquid supply device 13 and between the mixing device 11 and the liquefied medium supply device 14. Additionally, a pressure gauge 22 may be provided at the first inlet 114, the second inlet 115, and/or the first outlet 116 to detect the pressure at each port in real time.

Preferably, the flow regulator 19 is coupled to the controller 20 to control the flow regulator 19 via the controller 20 to control the switches of the first inlet 114 and the second inlet 115. It should be noted that for the trailer type foam fire extinguishing device, the controller 20 can be configured, and the portable fire extinguisher and the cart type fire extinguisher are submitted in a small structure, and the structure is simple, and the controller 20 is generally not configured.

The foam mixed liquid supply device 13 may be any of various existing devices capable of providing a foamed mixed liquid, and may be, for example, a foamed mixed liquid storage tank.

The liquefied medium supply device 14 may be any of various existing devices capable of providing a liquefied medium, and may be, for example, a liquid nitrogen storage tank or a liquid carbon dioxide storage tank.

A pipe having a length of more than 40 m can be connected to the first outlet 116 of the mixing device 11, and the liquefied medium and the foaming material are mixed in the mixing device, and then transported through a pipe having a length of more than 40 m to the injection port, and when flowing in the pipe, The liquefied medium and the foamed material are also thoroughly mixed repeatedly, and a stable foam having good performance is formed before the discharge.

According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mixing chamber is a cylindrical structure, the first inlet 114 and the second inlet 115 are located at one end of the cylindrical structure, and the first outlet 116 is located at the cylindrical structure. At the other end, the angle α between the direction of the second inlet 115 and the direction of the first inlet 114 is an angle of 0-90°, preferably 30-60°. The second inlet 115 is disposed at an angle to the first inlet 114 such that the two liquids, while being fed into the mixing chamber, also have a certain cross flow, enabling them to generate turbulence with good mixing effects.

In order to reduce the pressure drop and better mix the foaming substance and the liquefaction medium, preferably, the relationship between the diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and the diameter D2 of the first inlet 114 is: D1/D2 = 1.1 -4 preferably D1/D2 = 2-4; the relationship between the diameter D2 of the first inlet 114 and the diameter D3 of the second inlet 115 is: D2 / D3 = 4-10; The relationship between the diameter D1 and the diameter D4 of the first outlet 116 is: D1/D4 = 0.8-2, preferably D1/D4 = 1.2-2.

In the present invention, a flow meter, a pressure gauge and a control valve can be arranged at each inlet and outlet to control the flow ratio of each material. The same is true below.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the first inlet 114, the second inlet 115, and the first outlet 116 are not limited to the arrangement as described above, and various changes or modifications may be made to achieve a better mixing effect.

To better control the flow of liquefied medium entering from the first inlet 114, as shown in Figure 1, the first inlet 114 can be provided with an inlet tube 17 that extends into the mixing chamber.

Corresponding to the foaming mode, the present invention also provides a fire extinguishing apparatus, as shown in FIG. 3, the foam fire extinguishing apparatus 100 includes a foam generating unit 1 and a foam spraying unit 2, wherein the foam generating unit 1 A mixing device 11 is provided, which has a mixing chamber 111 and a spoiler 112, the spoiler 112 is disposed in the mixing chamber 111, and the mixing chamber 111 is provided with a first inlet 114, The second inlet 115 and the first outlet 116, the foam generating unit 1 communicates with the foam spraying unit 2 through the first outlet 116.

As shown in FIG. 7, the foam generating unit 1 includes a mixing device 11, a foam mixed liquid supply device 13, and a liquefied medium supply device 14. Preferably, a flow regulator 19 is provided between the mixing device 11 and the foam mixed liquid supply device 13 and between the mixing device 11 and the liquefied medium supply device 14. A flow regulator 19 may also be provided between the foam generating unit 1 and the foam spray unit 2. Additionally, a pressure gauge 24 may be provided at the first inlet 114, the second inlet 115, and/or the first outlet 116 to detect the pressure at each port in real time.

Preferably, the flow regulator 19 is coupled to the controller 20 to control the flow regulator 19 via the controller 20 to control the switches of the first inlet 114 and the second inlet 115. It should be noted that for the trailer type foam fire extinguishing device, the controller 20 can be configured, and the portable fire extinguisher and the cart type fire extinguisher are submitted in a small structure, and the structure is simple, and the controller 20 is generally not configured.

According to a specific embodiment of the invention, the foam fire extinguishing device 100 is a fire extinguisher. As shown in Fig. 8, the mixing device 11 and the foam mixed liquid supply device 13 are disposed in the foam fire extinguisher cylinder, and the liquefied medium supply device 14 (i.e., the liquid nitrogen tank) is external to the foam fire extinguisher cylinder (of course, it can also be disposed inside), and liquefaction The liquid nitrogen supplied from the medium supply device 14 to the mixing device 11 and the foam mixed liquid supplied from the foam mixed liquid supply device 13 to the mixing device 11 are mixed and gasified, and the generated foam is ejected from the foam injection pipe 22.

When the fire extinguisher is used, the foamed mixture is first injected into the foam mixing supply device 13 in the fire extinguisher cylinder, the mixing device 11 is installed in the cylinder, and the pipette 23 is connected to the foam mixed liquid supply device 13, which is filled with liquid nitrogen. The liquefied medium supply device 14 (liquid nitrogen bottle) is mounted on the cylinder. In daily storage, the body of the fire extinguisher is in a normal pressure state. In the implementation of the fire extinguishing, firstly, the flow regulator 19 for controlling the liquid nitrogen bottle is opened, and the liquid nitrogen is injected into the mixing device 11 in the fire extinguisher cylinder (normal pressure) under the action of gravity and pressure, because the liquid nitrogen density (0.82) is lower than the water. Therefore, the cylinder is turned upside down a few times, the liquid nitrogen is fully contacted with the foam mixture in the cylinder and immediately vaporized, and the pressure inside the cylinder begins to rise. When the pressure inside the cylinder rises to a certain pressure (the cylinder is provided with pressure) Table 24), immediately open the flow regulator 19 on the barrel, align the foam injection tube 22 with the flame, and perform the injection fire. Since the liquid nitrogen storage temperature is -196 ° C and the temperature difference is large, the gasification is rapid and complete gasification can be achieved in a few seconds. Compared with the current aspirating foam fire extinguisher, the fire extinguisher has the advantages of long injection distance, stable injection process and stable foam layer.

The fire extinguishing device provided by the present invention mixes the liquefied medium input to the mixing chamber through the liquefied medium supply device 14 with the foam mixed liquid input from the foam mixed liquid supply device 13, and the liquefied medium is heat-exchanged with the foam mixed liquid during the mixing process, and At the same time, the foaming method can obtain a large flow of high-expansion foam, and the obtained foam is uniform and has good stability.

The foam spray unit 2 can communicate with the first outlet 116 through the foam delivery tube 21, which may be self-contained by the foam spray unit or external, connecting the first outlet 116 to the spray gun of the foam spray unit. For large fire engines, the pipe is generally about 40 meters long. Within the conduit, the foam mixture continues to foam with the liquefied medium. The various embodiments below are the same as this.

The structure and various components of the mixing device have been described above and will not be described again.

Since this embodiment directly uses the ready-made foam mixed liquid, it can be applied to a place where it is inconvenient to provide fire water and has a small ignition area. In use, the liquefied medium and the foam mixture are directly sent to the mixing device to be thoroughly mixed and foamed under the disturbance of the spoiler 112, and the foam enters the foam spraying unit 2 from the first outlet 116 and is ejected through the jetting head. Extinguishing.

The foam spray unit of the above-mentioned foam fire extinguishing device may be, for example, a mobile fire cannon, a foam gun, a fire water gun, a stationary foam generator or the like. The foam fire extinguishing device may be, for example, a portable fire extinguisher, a cart type fire extinguisher or a skid-mounted fire extinguisher.

The fire extinguishing equipment avoids the technical route of supplying air such as air compressors and blowers, and avoids the route of producing a large amount of compressed gas by heat exchange gasification of liquid nitrogen and the like through the gasification device, thereby eliminating the bulky Compressor or compressed gas cylinders and bulky, complex liquefied gas vaporizers. The fire extinguishing device of this embodiment is small in size and space-saving, and is particularly suitable for being installed in a small mobile fire extinguishing device, for example, a portable fire extinguisher, a trailer type fire extinguisher or a cart type fire extinguisher. The mobile foam equipment using this module is not large in size. The trailer type fire extinguisher is a large mobile foam equipment, which is characterized by replacing the high pressure gas storage space with a liquid nitrogen storage tank (only a few liters). Air compressors or blowers and other equipment reduce the size of the entire equipment, easy to use and flexible, and usually stored at atmospheric pressure. The liquid nitrogen is released from the container during use to form a high pressure gas, and then participates in the subsequent foam mixing foaming process.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, the foaming material is a foaming liquid mixture, which is formed by mixing a foam stock solution with water in advance, and then mixing the foaming liquid mixture with a liquefied medium in a mixing device. A spoiler is disposed in the mixing device. Preferably, the volume ratio of the liquefied medium to the foam stock solution to water is from 1:1 to 10:50 to 300, preferably from 1:3 to 7:80 to 160. For example, the volume ratio of the liquefied medium to the foam stock solution is 1:3, 1:4, 1:5, 1:6, 1:7, and the volume ratio of the liquefied medium to water is, for example, 1:82, 1:85, 1: 86, 1:88, 1:89, 1:100, 1:105, 1:108, 1:110, 1:115, 1:120, 1:125, 1:130, 1:135, 1:140, 1:145, 1:150, 1:152, 1:155, 1:158, 1:160.

The foam stock solution may be one or more of a protein foam liquid, a fluoroprotein foam liquid, an aqueous film forming foam liquid, a water-based foaming liquid, an anti-solvent fluoroprotein foaming liquid, an anti-solvent film-forming foaming liquid, etc., generally containing A variety of surfactants, stabilizers and other additives. Can be obtained commercially.

The mixing device used in this mode may be the mixing device of the above embodiment.

The place where the foam stock solution is mixed with water to form a foam mixed liquid is called a mixed liquid generating device, and the mixed liquid generating device may be various kinds of mixers, and the structure of the mixer may be specifically referred to the above mixing device. Since the process of forming the foam stock does not require foaming, the spoiler may be provided in the mixing device used as the mixer, or the spoiler may not be provided.

Corresponding to this embodiment, the present invention provides a fire extinguishing apparatus comprising a foam generating unit and a foam spraying unit, wherein the foam generating unit comprises a mixing device and a foam mixed liquid generating device, the mixing device Having a mixing chamber and a spoiler member, the spoiler member being disposed in the mixing chamber, the mixing chamber being provided with a foam mixture inlet for the foam mixture to enter the mixing chamber, for the liquefied medium to enter the mixing chamber a liquefied medium inlet and a foam outlet for discharging the foam from the mixing chamber into the foam spray unit, the foam mixture generating device being in communication with the foam mixture inlet of the mixing device to provide a foaming mixture to the mixing device, the mixing chamber The foam outlet is in communication with the foam spray unit.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, the apparatus 100 includes a foam generating unit 1 and a foam spraying unit 2, wherein the foam generating unit 1 includes a mixing device 11 and a foam mixed liquid generating device 12. The foam mixture generating device 12 supplies the foaming mixture to the mixing device 11, and the foam generated by the mixing device 11 is supplied to the foaming unit 2. The structure of the mixing device 1 can be as described above.

In use, the foam stock solution and the fire water are first fed into the foam mixture generating device 12 through respective inlets to be mixed, to obtain a foam mixed liquid, and the foam mixed liquid is sent to the mixing device 11 through the mixed liquid outlet, and liquefied. The medium is sufficiently mixed and foamed under the disturbance of the spoiler 112, and the obtained foam is sent out, and is ejected into the bubble spraying unit 2 to perform fire extinguishing.

The structure of the mixing device 11 has been described above and will not be described herein.

Preferably, the mixing chamber is a cylindrical structure, and the relationship between the diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and the diameter D2 of the first inlet 114 is: D1/D2=1.1-4 preferably D1/D2=1.4- 2; the relationship between the diameter D2 of the first inlet 114 and the diameter D3 of the second inlet 115 is: D2 / D3 = 10-15; the diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and the first outlet 116 The relationship between the diameters D4 is: D1/D4 = 0.8-2, preferably D1/D4 = 1.2-1.4.

The structure of the foamed liquid mixture generating device 12 is not particularly limited as long as the foam stock solution can be sufficiently mixed with the fire water to form a foam mixed liquid. The specific structure may employ the above-described mixing device with or without a spoiler.

Preferably, the mixing device 11 and the foam mixture generating device 12 are integrated. As shown in Fig. 6, the foam mixed liquid generating device 12 is a pipe provided at one end of the first inlet 114 of the mixing device 11 shown in Fig. 1, and no spoiler is provided in the pipe. At this time, the first inlet 114 and the foam mixed liquid outlet of the foam mixed liquid generating device 12 are the same opening. It is further preferred that the diameter D2 of the first inlet 114 is equal to the diameter D6 of the fourth inlet 118.

As shown in FIG. 10, the foam mixed liquid production device 12 is disposed at the front end of the feed port of the mixing device 11, and the foam mixed liquid production device 12 includes a foam raw liquid inlet (third inlet) 117 and a water inlet (fourth inlet) 118. After the foam stock solution and the water are mixed in the pipeline to form a foam mixed liquid, they enter the mixing chamber of the mixing device 11 together with the liquefied medium entering from the second inlet 115, and are mixed and foamed under the disturbing action of the spoiler member 112, and the obtained foam is obtained. It is output from the first outlet 116.

In order to obtain a suitable concentration of the foam mixture, it is necessary to control the delivery flow rate of the foam stock solution and water to the raw liquid mixer, that is, the mixed liquid production device, which can also be controlled by providing a flow regulator 19 or the like at each inlet. It is further preferred to control the respective entries by the controller 20.

In the present embodiment, preferably, the ratio of the diameter D6 of the fourth inlet (water inlet) of the foam mixed liquid generating device 12 to the diameter D5 of the third inlet (foam stock inlet) is 8-14.

The ratio of the diameter D3 of the second inlet to the diameter D5 of the third inlet is preferably 1-1.4.

Preferably, the fire fighting apparatus 100 further includes a foam stock supply device 6 in communication with the foam stock inlet to provide a foam stock solution into the mixer and/or a liquefied medium supply in communication with the second inlet 115 to provide a liquefied medium in the mixing chamber. The device 14 is configured to communicate with a water supply device (such as a fire water source) 5.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the foam generating unit 1 includes a mixing device 11, a foam mixed liquid generating device 12, a liquefied medium supply device 14 (such as a liquid nitrogen tank), and a foam stock supply device 15 (such as a foam stock supply). a tank), wherein the foam mixture generating device 12 is connected to a fire water source (water supply device) 16 and a foam stock solution device 15, and the mixing device 11 is connected to the foam mixed liquid generating device 12 and the liquefied medium supply device 14 to input foam into the mixing device 11. Mixture and liquid nitrogen.

The third inlet 21 of the mixed liquid production device for inputting the foam stock solution is in communication with the foam stock solution supply device 15, and the water inlet of the foam mixed liquid production device, that is, the fourth inlet 22 is in communication with the water supply device 16, and the outlet of the foam mixed liquid production device 12 It is in communication with the mixing device 11. The foam stock solution supplied from the third inlet 21 and the water supplied from the fourth inlet 22 are mixed into the foam mixed liquid generating device 12 to produce a foamed mixed liquid, which is output into the mixing device 11.

Preferably, as shown in FIG. 9, the fire extinguishing apparatus further includes a plurality of connecting lines 18 and a plurality of flow regulators 19. Used for connection and flow control of each material supply device and mixing device or injection line.

As shown in FIG. 9, each of the connecting pipes is referred to as a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, a third connecting pipe, and a fourth connecting pipe, respectively. The first end of the first line is connected to the outlet of the froth supply device 15, and the second end of the first line is connected to the froth inlet 21 of the mixed liquid generating device 12. The first end of the second line is connected to the water supply unit 16, and the second end of the second line is connected to the water inlet 22 of the mixed liquid generator 12.

The first end of the third line is connected to the outlet of the mixed liquid generating device 12, and the second end of the third line is connected to the foam mixed liquid inlet of the mixing device 11. The first end of the fourth line is connected to the outlet of the liquid nitrogen tank 14, and the second end of the fourth line is connected to the liquefied medium inlet 115 of the mixing device 11.

The first flow regulator is disposed on the first conduit, the second flow regulator is disposed on the second conduit, the third flow regulator is disposed on the third conduit, and the fourth flow regulator is disposed on the fourth conduit.

The controller 20 is coupled to the first flow regulator to control the flow of the foam stock solution in the first line, and is coupled to the second flow regulator to control the flow of water in the second line to be coupled to the third flow regulator. The flow rate of the foam mixture in the third line is controlled to be connected to the fourth flow regulator to control the flow of liquid nitrogen in the fourth line, thereby obtaining a better foaming effect and improving the quality of the foam.

Preferably, each of the first flow regulator, the second flow regulator, the third flow regulator, and the fourth flow regulator may include a flow meter and a flow control valve. Each of the flow meter and the flow control valve may be disposed on a respective one of the first line, the second line, the third line, and the fourth line. For example, the flow meter and flow control valve of the first flow regulator can be located on the first line.

The controller 20 can be coupled to each of the flow meter and the flow control valve to control the opening of the flow control valve based on the detected value of the flow meter, thereby controlling the flow of fluid within the line.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 9, the fire extinguishing apparatus 100 may further include a foam spray unit 2 having a foam delivery tube and a foam injection tube, the foam inlet of the foam delivery tube and the foam of the mixing device 11. The outlet is connected so that the foam supplied from the mixing device 11 enters the foam ejecting unit 2, and the outlet of the foam conveying tube communicates with the inlet of the foam ejecting tube so that the foam ejecting unit 2 ejects the foam onto the target object. By providing the bubble ejecting unit 2, it is possible to more easily and accurately eject the foam onto the target object.

In one embodiment, the foam spray unit 2 may include a lift jet fire truck with a telescoping arm and a flexible foam delivery tube. The first port of the foam delivery tube is a foam inlet, the second port of the foam delivery tube is a foam injection port, and the portion of the foam delivery tube adjacent to the second port is disposed on the telescopic arm.

By extending the telescopic arm, the second port of the foam delivery tube can be made closer to the target object (for example, a fire point), that is, the foam ejection opening can be made closer to the target object, so that the foam can be more efficiently sprayed onto the target object. Therefore, precise injection can be achieved to reduce the amount of foam loss and improve the efficiency of fire extinguishing. By making the foam delivery tube flexible, it is possible to more easily extend and retract the foam delivery tube with the telescopic arm.

In one embodiment, the foam spray unit 2 may include a fire fighting robot and a flexible foam delivery tube. The fire fighting robot has a foam inlet and a foam injection port, the first end of the foam delivery tube being connected to the foam outlet, and the second end of the foam delivery tube being connected to the foam inlet.

When the foam is sprayed onto the target object, the fire fighting robot can move to the vicinity of the target object, so that the foam can be more efficiently sprayed onto the target object, thereby achieving precise injection, thereby reducing the amount of foam loss and improving the fire extinguishing efficiency. By making the foam delivery tube flexible, it is possible to make the foam delivery tube more easily move with the fire fighting robot. The fire extinguishing apparatus 100 including the foam jetting unit 2 can be used to extinguish a ground bonfire.

In one embodiment, the foam spray unit 2 may include a foam delivery tube 21 and an annular foam spray tube 22. The foam injection pipe 22 is adapted to be disposed around a storage tank 3 (e.g., a large oil storage tank) for storing combustible materials, that is, when the foam injection pipe 22 is in use, the foam injection pipe 22 is wound around a storage tank for storing combustible materials. 3 settings. In other words, the foam injection tube 22 may be circular or elliptical.

The foam injection pipe 22 is provided with a plurality of the bubble injection ports spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the foam injection pipe 22. The first end of the foam delivery tube 21 is connected to the foam outlet, and the second end of the foam delivery tube 21 is connected to the foam injection tube 22, i.e., the first end of the foam injection tube 22 may be the foam inlet. The fire extinguishing apparatus 100 including the foam spraying unit 2 can be used for fire extinguishing of a product oil tank and a medium station storage tank.

This embodiment can be applied to various occasions where it is convenient to provide a foam stock solution and water. Or the foam stock solution can also be carried by the fire truck itself, and the water is provided by the fire pump of the fire place.

The spray unit of the foam fire extinguishing device may be, for example, a high spray car, a foam fire truck or the like.

According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the foaming substance is a foam stock solution, and the foam generating method comprises mixing a foam stock solution, a liquefied medium and water and applying a disturbance to enhance a liquefaction medium and a foam stock solution and water. s contact.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the mixing is carried out in a mixing device, the manner of applying the disturbance comprising providing a spoiler in the mixing device.

Since this embodiment integrates the formation of the foam mixture with the foaming process, an inlet can be added to the aforementioned mixing device for the fire water to enter the mixing device. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12, the mixing device 11 has a mixing chamber 111, and the spoiler 112 is disposed in the mixing chamber 111. The mixing chamber 111 has a second inlet 115, a third inlet 117, and a a four inlet 118 and a first outlet 116; the foam stock solution, the liquefied medium and the water are fed into the mixing chamber 111 through the third inlet 117, the second inlet 115 and the fourth inlet 118, respectively, for mixing and gasification to generate The bubbles are bubbled from the first outlet 116 for extinguishing the fire. In contrast to Figure 1, the mixing device of Figure 12 adds a fourth inlet 118 for introducing water into the mixing chamber and omitting the first inlet 114, or is believed to be the first inlet for providing a foam mixture. 114 is replaced with a fourth inlet 118 for supplying water; compared with FIG. 6, FIG. 8 moves the foam stock inlet 117 of the mixing device shown in FIG. 6 back to the mixing chamber, and the front end is eliminated for foam stock and water mixing. Pipeline.

The mixing chamber is used to provide a mixing place of the liquefied medium, the foam stock solution and the water, so that the structure and shape thereof can satisfy the above requirements.

Preferably, the mixing chamber is a cylindrical structure, and a second inlet 115, a third inlet 117, and a fourth inlet 118 are disposed at one end of the cylindrical structure, and the first outlet 116 is disposed at the cylindrical structure At the other end, the direction of the second inlet 115, the direction of the third inlet 117, and the direction of the fourth inlet 118 are at an angle of 0-90, preferably 30-60° to each other. The three inlets are angled so that the three liquids, while entering the mixing chamber, also have a certain cross flow, enabling them to generate turbulence with good mixing.

In order to reduce the pressure drop and better mix the foaming substance and the liquefaction medium, preferably, the relationship between the diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and the diameter D4 of the first outlet 116 is: D1/D4=0.8 -2 preferably D1/D4 = 1.2-1.4; the relationship between the diameter D1 of the tubular structure and the diameter D3 of the second inlet 115 is D1/D3 = 20-30; the diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and the first The relationship between the diameter D5 of the four inlets 118 is: D1/D5=8-12; the relationship between the diameter D6 of the third inlet 117 and the diameter D3 of the second inlet 115 is: D6/D3=10 -15.

By controlling the diameter of each opening in accordance with the above relationship, the aforementioned flow relationship can be achieved without an additional control device, so that foaming can be made more fully, and the obtained foam quality is higher.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the second inlet 115, the third inlet 117, the fourth inlet 118, and the first outlet 116 are not limited to the settings as described above, and various combinations can be made for better mixing effects. Change or deform.

As described above, to better control the flow direction of the liquefied medium entering from the second inlet 115, as shown in FIG. 1, the second inlet 115 may be provided to the inlet pipe 17 extending into the mixing chamber 111.

As described above, one or more spoiler members 112 may be disposed within the mixing chamber 111 of the mixing device 11. The structure of the spoiler member 112 has been described above.

The present invention also provides another foam fire extinguishing apparatus corresponding to the above foaming method for producing and foaming the foam mixed liquid, and the apparatus includes a foam generating unit 1 and a foam spraying unit 2 as shown in FIG. It is characterized in that the foam generating unit 1 comprises a mixing device 11 having a mixing chamber 111 and a spoiler 112, the spoiler 112 being disposed within the mixing chamber, the mixing device 11 being liquefied The medium supply device 14, the foam stock supply device 15, and the water supply device 16 are each in communication, whereby the liquefied medium supply device 14, the foam stock supply device 15, and the water supply device 16 each supply a liquefied medium, a foam stock solution, and a mixing chamber 111 of the mixing device 11 and The water, which is further mixed and foamed under the disturbance of the spoiler 112, forms a foam, and the resulting foam is fed into the foam jetting unit 2.

Preferably, as shown in Figure 11, the fire extinguishing apparatus further includes a plurality of connecting lines 18 and a plurality of flow regulators 19. Used for connection and flow control of each material supply device and mixing device or injection line.

As shown in FIG. 11, each of the connecting pipes is referred to as a first connecting pipe, a second connecting pipe, a third connecting pipe, and a fourth connecting pipe, respectively. The first end of the first line is connected to the outlet of the froth supply device 15, and the second end of the first line is connected to the froth inlet 21 of the mixed liquid generating device 12. The first end of the second line is connected to the water supply unit 16, and the second end of the second line is connected to the water inlet 22 of the mixed liquid generator 12.

The first end of the third line is connected to the outlet of the mixed liquid generating device 12, and the second end of the third line is connected to the foam mixed liquid inlet of the mixing device 11. The first end of the fourth line is connected to the outlet of the liquid nitrogen tank 14, and the second end of the fourth line is connected to the liquefied medium inlet 115 of the mixing device 11.

The first flow regulator is disposed on the first conduit, the second flow regulator is disposed on the second conduit, the third flow regulator is disposed on the third conduit, and the fourth flow regulator is disposed on the fourth conduit.

The controller 20 is coupled to the first flow regulator to control the flow of the foam stock solution in the first line, and is coupled to the second flow regulator to control the flow of water in the second line to be coupled to the third flow regulator. The flow rate of the foam mixture in the third line is controlled to be connected to the fourth flow regulator to control the flow of liquid nitrogen in the fourth line, thereby obtaining a better foaming effect and improving the quality of the foam.

Preferably, each of the first flow regulator, the second flow regulator, the third flow regulator, and the fourth flow regulator may include a flow meter and a flow control valve. Each of the flow meter and the flow control valve may be disposed on a respective one of the first line, the second line, the third line, and the fourth line. For example, the flow meter and flow control valve of the first flow regulator can be located on the first line.

The controller 20 can be coupled to each of the flow meter and the flow control valve to control the opening of the flow control valve based on the detected value of the flow meter, thereby controlling the flow of fluid within the line.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the fire extinguishing apparatus 100 further includes a foam spray unit 2 having a foam delivery tube and a foam injection tube, the foam inlet of the foam delivery tube and the foam outlet of the mixing device 11. The foam is supplied so that the foam supplied from the mixing device 11 enters the bubble ejecting unit 2, and the outlet of the foam conveying pipe communicates with the inlet of the foam ejecting tube so that the foam ejecting unit 2 ejects the foam onto the target object. By providing the bubble ejecting unit 2, it is possible to more easily and accurately eject the foam onto the target object.

In one embodiment, the foam spray unit 2 may include a foam delivery tube 21 and an annular foam spray tube 22. The foam injection pipe 22 is adapted to be disposed around a storage tank 3 (e.g., a large oil storage tank) for storing combustible materials, that is, when the foam injection pipe 22 is in use, the foam injection pipe 22 is wound around a storage tank for storing combustible materials. 3 settings. In other words, the foam injection tube 22 may be circular or elliptical.

The foam injection pipe 22 is provided with a plurality of the bubble injection ports spaced apart in the circumferential direction of the foam injection pipe 22. The first end of the foam delivery tube 21 is connected to the foam outlet, and the second end of the foam delivery tube 21 is connected to the foam injection tube 22, i.e., the first end of the foam injection tube 22 may be the foam inlet. The fire extinguishing apparatus 100 including the foam spraying unit 2 can be used for fire extinguishing of a product oil tank and a medium station storage tank.

The flexibility of the embodiment and the fire extinguishing equipment is relatively high, and is applicable to the way that the foam stock solution, the fire water and the liquefied medium are provided by the fire truck, and the foam stock solution, the fire water and the liquefied medium are also provided in the fire extinguishing place.

The spray unit of the foam fire extinguishing device may be, for example, a high spray vehicle, a foam fire truck, a trailer fire gun, a stationary foam sprayer, or the like. The stationary foam ejector refers to a stationary foam ejector on the tank wall.

The foam generating method of the present invention can be applied to various occasions where foaming is required, such as fire extinguishing, heat insulation protection, food production, production of soundproof materials, and the like. The specific fire extinguishing can be fire fighting and fire protection of various buildings, large venues, warehouses, chemical enterprises, oil depots, refineries and other production facilities, and runway protection when the aircraft is forced to land at the airport runway.

The invention will be described in detail below by way of examples. In the following examples, the fire extinguishing efficiency and foam quality were evaluated by the method described in "Foam Extinguishing Agent Standard" (GB15308-2006).

In the following examples, each raw material is a commercially available product unless otherwise stated.

Example 1

Mixing to produce foam by using the mixing device shown in Fig. 1, wherein the mixing device has a mixing chamber for mixing liquid nitrogen and a foam mixture, and a mixing liquid inlet and a liquid nitrogen are provided on the wall of the mixing chamber. The inlet and the one foam outlet, the foam outlet and the foam mixture inlet are respectively located at both ends of the cylindrical structure. The relationship between the diameter D2 of the foam mixture inlet and the diameter D3 of the gas inlet is: D2/D3=8, and the relationship between the diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and the diameter D2 of the foam mixture inlet is: D1/D2=1.4 The relationship between the diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and the diameter D4 of the foam outlet is: D1/D4 = 1.2, and a spoiler member is provided in the mixing chamber, and the spoiler member is formed into a conical shape as shown by a in Fig. 2. a structure in which a conical top of the conical structure faces the foaming material inlet, a cross section of the spoiler member is a circular structure, a diameter D7 of the spoiler member and a diameter D2 of the foaming material inlet The relationship between them is: D7/D2 = 1.2, and the distance L between the tip of the spoiler member and the outflow port of liquid nitrogen at the inlet is 10 mm. The liquid nitrogen storage tank and the foam mixed liquid tank are each connected to a gas-liquid mixing device through a pipe, and the angle between the direction of the inlet of the liquid nitrogen pipe and the direction of the foam mixed liquid inlet is 10°.

For example, a 1.5m ³ foam mixture (a 3% type aqueous film-forming foam liquid product purchased from Jiangsu Jiangya Company) is stored in a 2m ³ foam mixture storage tank. The diameter of the infusion tube is DN25, and the foam mixed liquid storage tank can be used. The internal working pressure is 1.2 MPa, and the working pressure in the liquid nitrogen tank is 2 MPa.

For the 4.52m ³ national standard oil pan fire, according to the "foam fire extinguishing system design specification" (GB50151-2010), the required foam mixture flow rate V = 11.4L / min. The flow rate of liquid nitrogen is determined according to the formula Q=mV/nf, wherein the expansion ratio m=7, n=710, f=1.01 is set, thereby determining the flow rate of the liquid nitrogen to be 0.11 L/min, and mixing the liquid nitrogen and the foam. The liquid is fed into the mixing device shown in Fig. 1 at the above flow rate to be mixed to produce foam. The foam is ejected from the foam outlet of the mixing device and sent to the fire extinguishing area for fire extinguishing. As a result, the national standard oil pan fire of 4.52 m ³ is successfully extinguished, and the fire is extinguished. The time is only 100s, which is much higher than that of the similar foam. The use of liquid nitrogen instead of the air compressor realizes the large-flow injection of the compressed air foam fire extinguishing device. The actual foam expansion ratio was 7.1 using the method described in "Foam Extinguishing Agent Standard" (GB15308-2006), and the 25% liquid separation time was 3 min.

The sprayed foam was sampled multiple times under a high power microscope to take a magnified photograph, and the foam image was obtained as shown in Fig. 13-15. As can be seen from Figures 13-15, the bubble distribution is relatively uniform, the average diameter of the bubbles is 50-70 μm, and the maximum bubble is 200-300 μm.

Example 2

Mixing to produce foam by using the mixing device shown in Fig. 1, wherein the mixing device has a mixing chamber for mixing liquid nitrogen and a foam mixture, and a mixing liquid inlet and a liquid nitrogen are provided on the wall of the mixing chamber. The inlet and the one foam outlet, the foam outlet and the foam mixture inlet are respectively located at both ends of the cylindrical structure. The relationship between the diameter D2 of the foam mixture inlet and the diameter D3 of the liquid nitrogen inlet is: D2/D3=10, and the relationship between the diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and the diameter D2 of the foam mixture inlet is: D1/D2= 2. The relationship between the diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and the diameter D4 of the foam outlet is: D1/D4 = 1.2, and a spoiler member is disposed in the mixing chamber, and the spoiler member is formed into a hemisphere as shown by b in FIG. a spherical structure having a spherical top toward the foaming material inlet, a cross section of the spoiler member being a circular structure, a diameter D7 of the spoiler member and a diameter D2 of the foaming material inlet The relationship between them is: D7/D2 = 1.6, and the distance L between the tip of the spoiler member and the outflow port of liquid nitrogen at the inlet is 30 mm. The liquid nitrogen storage tank and the foam mixed liquid tank are each connected to a gas-liquid mixing device through a pipe, and the angle between the direction of the liquid nitrogen pipe inlet and the direction of the foam mixed liquid inlet is 30°.

Take a 15m ³ foam mixture in the 20m ³ foam mixture tank (same as in Example 1). The diameter of the infusion tube is DN150, and the working pressure in the foam mixture tank is 0.8MPa. Work in the liquid nitrogen tank. The pressure is 1.5 MPa.

For the 450 m ² 5000 m3 tank fire, according to the "Foam Fire Extinguish System Design Specification" (GB50151-2010), the required foam mixture flow rate V = 3000 L / min. The flow rate of liquid nitrogen is determined according to the formula Q=mV/nf, wherein the expansion ratio m=8, n=710, and f=1.17 are set, thereby determining the flow rate of the liquid nitrogen to be 28.9 L/min, and mixing the liquid nitrogen and the foam. The liquid is fed into the mixing device shown in Fig. 1 at the above flow rate to be mixed to produce foam. The foam is sprayed from the foam outlet of the mixing device and then sent to the fire extinguishing area through the foam spraying unit to extinguish the fire, and the 450 m ² of 5000 cubic meters of oil is successfully extinguished. The tank fire takes only 25 s, achieving a large-flow injection of the compressed air foam fire extinguishing device, and the fire extinguishing time is much shorter than that of the existing fire fighting equipment. The foam expansion ratio was determined to be 7.2 in the same manner as in Example 1, and the 25% liquid separation time was measured to be 3 minutes.

The spouted foam sample was placed under a high power microscope to take a magnified photograph, and the foam image was obtained similarly to Example 1. The bubble distribution was relatively uniform, the bubble average diameter scale was 50-80 μm, and the maximum bubble was 200-300 μm.

Example 3

Foaming and fire extinguishing were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the flow rate of liquid nitrogen was 22 L/min. As a result, the fire extinguishing time was extended to 55 s.

Example 4

Foaming and fire extinguishing were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the relationship between the diameter D2 of the foam mixture inlet and the diameter D3 of the gas inlet was D2/D3=3. As a result, the extinguishing time was extended to 95s. The actual foam expansion ratio was 4.2 in the same manner as in Example 1, and the 25% liquid separation time was 1.5 min.

Example 5

Foaming and fire extinguishing were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2, except that the distance L between the tip end of the spoiler member 112 and the outflow port of the liquid nitrogen at the inlet 12 was 150 mm. As a result, the fire extinguishing time was extended to 75 s. The actual foam expansion ratio was 4.9 in the same manner as in Example 1, and the 25% liquid separation time was 2.1 min.

Example 6

The fire truck consists of a 25m ³ liquid nitrogen tanker and a high-spray truck equipped with a mixing device (same as in Example 1) and a foam stock solution (aqueous film-forming foam AFFF-3%). For the foam transporter, the jet pipe diameter of the high-spray car is DN250, and a 150L/s (1.0MPa) fire pump is equipped. Water is supplied to the fire truck through a fixed fire water pipe network.

The liquid nitrogen, the foam stock solution and the water were fed into the mixing device at 189 L/min, 270 L/min and 8730 L/min, respectively, to mix and foam, and the foam was ejected from the foam outlet of the mixing device, the flow rate of the foam was 9000 L/min, and the spraying distance was 40m, lifting height 30m. The 25% liquid separation time was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 to be 3 minutes.

The spouted foam sample was placed under a high power microscope to take a magnified photograph, and the foam image was obtained similarly to the foam obtained in Example 1. The bubble distribution was relatively uniform, the bubble average diameter scale was 50-70 μm, and the maximum bubble was 150-250 μm.

Comparative example 1

The foaming is carried out by a negative pressure type, and the specific operation is to inject the foam mixture into a negative pressure type foam gun (Model PQ16) by a flow rate of a foam mixture of 0.8 MPa and 960 L/min. The spouted foam sample was taken under a high power microscope to take a magnified photograph, and the foam image was obtained as shown in Fig. 12-15. The 25% liquid separation time was measured by the same method as in Example 1 to be 2.2 min.

It can be seen from Fig. 16-19 that the bubble generated by the negative pressure foam is not uniform, the bubble diameter is 10-800 μm, a large number of virtual bubbles exist, and the foam layer is unstable.

Comparative example 2

The liquid nitrogen, the foam stock solution and water were fed into the apparatus disclosed in US5497833A at 189 L/min, 270 L/min and 8730 L/min, respectively, in the manner disclosed in US 5,948,833 A. The resulting foam was similar to the foam of Comparative Example 1, and the foam size was not Both, and there are a large number of virtual bubbles, the stability of the foam layer is poor. The 25% liquid separation time was 1.2 min in the same manner as in Example 1.

In addition, a corrugated plate is added as a spoiler in the injection pipe, and as a result, the injection distance is greatly reduced as compared with the case where the corrugated plate is not increased, and the injection distance is about 60%, that is, the injection distance is decreased by about 40%.

Comparative example 3

Foaming and fire extinguishing were carried out in the same manner as in Example 2 except that no spoiler member 112 was provided in the mixing chamber. As a result, the extinguishing time was extended to 105s. The actual foam expansion ratio was 3.9 as measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the 25% liquid separation time was 1.1 min. The spouted foam sample was taken under a high power microscope for magnification photographing, and it was found that the foam was similar to the foam of Comparative Example 1, the size was uneven, the bubble diameter was 10-800 μm, and a large amount of blister was present.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including various technical features combined in any other suitable manner, and these simple variations and combinations should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention. All fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (53)

A method of producing a foam for fire fighting, the method comprising mixing a liquefied medium and a foam mixture and applying a disturbance to enhance contact between the liquefied medium and the foam mixture. The foam generating method according to claim 1, wherein the mixing is performed in a mixing device, the manner of applying the disturbance comprising setting a spoiler member, preferably providing a spoiler member in the mixing device. The foam generating method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the liquefaction medium is liquid nitrogen, and the flow rate of the liquid nitrogen and the foam mixed liquid satisfies the following relationship: Q = mV / nf, Wherein Q is the volume flow rate of liquid nitrogen, m is a set expansion ratio, and the value is in the range of 5-200, preferably in the range of 5-20, more preferably in the range of 6-8, and V is the volume flow rate of the foam mixture. n is the volume expansion ratio of liquid nitrogen, and f is the pipeline loss, and the value is in the range of 1-1.4. The foam generating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the foaming liquid mixture is obtained by mixing a foam stock solution with water, and the volume ratio of the foam stock liquid to water is 1-10: 50-300. Preferably, it is 3-7: 80-160. The foam generating method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the mixing device (11) has a mixing chamber, and the spoiler member (112) is disposed in the mixing chamber (111), The mixing chamber (111) has a first inlet (114), a second inlet (115), and a first outlet (116) from which the foam mixture and the liquefied medium are respectively from the first inlet (114) and the second inlet (115) The mixture is introduced into the mixing chamber and mixed in the mixing chamber (111), gasified to foam, and the resulting foam is output from the first outlet (116) for extinguishing the fire. The foam generating method according to claim 5, wherein said mixing chamber (111) is a cylindrical structure, and said first inlet (114) and said second inlet (115) are located at one end of said cylindrical structure, An outlet (116) is located at the other end of the tubular structure, the direction of the second inlet (115) being at an angle of 0-90, preferably 30-60, between the direction of the first inlet (114). The foam generating method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein a relationship between a diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and a diameter D2 of the first inlet (114) is: D1/D2 = 1.1-4 preferably D1 /D2=1.4-2; the relationship between the diameter D2 of the first inlet (114) and the diameter D3 of the second inlet (115) is: D2/D3=4-10; The relationship between the diameter D1 and the diameter D4 of the first outlet (116) is: D1/D4 = 0.8-2, preferably D1/D4 = 1.2-1.4. The foam generating method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein at least one of the spaced apart porous structures (113) is disposed in the mixing chamber (111); each of the porous structures (113) a plurality of holes are provided; the aperture of the porous structure (113) faces the first inlet (114), and the porous structure (113) is away from the first inlet relative to the top of the spoiler (112) (114). The foam generating method according to any one of claims 2-8, wherein the spoiler member (112) is a tapered structure, a hemispherical structure or a platform structure. The foam generating method according to claim 9, wherein said spoiler member (112) has a circular cross section, a diameter D7 of said spoiler member (112) and a diameter of said first inlet (114) The relationship between D2 is: D7/D2 = 1-4 is preferably 1.2-1.6. The foam generating method according to any one of claims 2 to 9, wherein a top end of the spoiler member (112) and a flow outlet of the liquefied medium at the second inlet (115) The distance L is 0-100 mm. The foam generating method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the mixing conditions include a mixing temperature of -30 ° C to 60 ° C, a pressure of the liquefaction medium of 1-2 MPa, and a pressure of the foam mixture. 0.8-1.5 MPa. A method of producing a foam for fire fighting, the method comprising mixing a liquefied medium, water and a stock solution of foam and applying a disturbance to enhance contact between the liquefied medium and the stock solution of the foam and water. The foam generating method according to claim 13, wherein the mixing is performed in a mixing device, and the manner of applying the disturbance includes providing a spoiler member, preferably a spoiler member is provided in the mixing device. The foam generating method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the volume ratio of the liquefied medium to the foam stock solution to water is from 1:1 to 10:50 to 300, preferably from 1:3 to 7:80. 160. The foam generating method according to any one of claims 14-15, wherein the mixing device (11) has a mixing chamber (111), and the spoiler member (112) is disposed in the mixing chamber (111) , The mixing chamber (111) has a second inlet (115), a third inlet (117), a fourth inlet (118), and a first outlet (116); through the second inlet (115) and the third inlet (117, respectively) And a fourth inlet (118) feeding the liquefied medium, water and foam stock into the mixing chamber (111) for mixing, gasifying to foam, and foaming the foam from the first outlet (116) The output is used for fire fighting. The foam generating method according to claim 16, wherein the mixing chamber (111) is a cylindrical structure, and the second inlet (115), the third inlet (117), and the fourth inlet (118) are disposed in the cylinder One end of the structure, the first outlet (116) is disposed at the other end of the cylindrical structure, the direction of the second inlet (115), the direction of the third inlet (117), and the fourth inlet ( The directions of 118) are at an angle of 0-90°, preferably 30-60° to each other. The foam generating method according to claim 16 or 17, wherein a relationship between a diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and a diameter D4 of the first outlet (116) is: D1/D4 = 0.8-2, preferably D1 /D4=1.2-1.4; the relationship between the diameter D1 of the tubular structure and the diameter D3 of the second inlet (115) is D1/D3=20-30; the diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and the fourth inlet The relationship between the diameters D5 of (118) is: D1/D5 = 2-6; the relationship between the diameter D6 of the third inlet (117) and the diameter D3 of the second inlet (115) is: D6 /D3=10-15. The foam generating method according to any one of claims 16 to 18, wherein at least one spaced apart porous structure (113) is disposed in the mixing chamber (111); each of the porous structures (113) a plurality of holes are provided; the aperture of the porous structure (113) faces the second inlet (115), and the porous structure (113) is away from the second inlet relative to the top of the spoiler (112) (115). The foam generating method according to any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein the spoiler member (112) is a tapered structure, a hemispherical structure or a platform structure. The foam generating method according to claim 20, wherein the spoiler member (112) has a circular cross section, and between the diameter D7 of the spoiler member (112) and the diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure The relationship is: D1/D7=1.2-4. A foam generating method according to any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein a top end of the spoiler member (112) and a flow outlet of the liquefied medium at the second inlet (115) The distance L is 0-100 mm. The foam generating method according to any one of claims 13 to 22, wherein the mixing conditions include a mixing temperature of -30 ° C to 60 ° C, a pressure of the liquefaction medium of 1-2 MPa, and a pressure of the foam stock solution of 0.8. -1.5 MPa, the pressure of water is 0.6-1.4 MPa. A fire extinguishing method which produces a foam using the foam generating method of any one of claims 1 to 23, and then outputs the foam for fire extinguishing. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus (100) comprising a foam generating unit (1) and a foam spraying unit (2), characterized in that the foam generating unit (1) comprises a mixing device (11), the mixing The device (11) has a mixing chamber (111) and a spoiler member (112), the spoiler member (112) being disposed within the mixing chamber (111), the mixing chamber (111) being provided with a first inlet (114) a second inlet (115) and a first outlet (116), the foam generating unit (1) being in communication with the foam spraying unit (2) through the first outlet (116). The foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 25, wherein said mixing chamber (111) is a cylindrical structure, and a first inlet (114) and a second inlet (115) are provided at one end of said cylindrical structure, said A first outlet (116) is disposed at the other end of the cylindrical structure, and a direction of the second inlet (115) and a direction of the first inlet (114) are 0-90°, preferably 30-60 between each other ° angle. The foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 25 or 26, wherein a relationship between a diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and a diameter D2 of the first inlet (114) is: D1/D2 = 1.1-4 preferably D1 /D2=1.2-1.4; the relationship between the diameter D2 of the first inlet (114) and the diameter D3 of the second inlet (115) is: D2/D3=10-15; The relationship between the diameter D1 and the diameter D4 of the first outlet (116) is: D1/D4 = 0.8-2, preferably D1/D4 = 1.2-1.4. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 25 to 27, wherein at least one spaced apart porous structure (113) is disposed in said mixing chamber (111); each of said porous structures (113) a plurality of holes are provided; the aperture of the porous structure (113) faces the first inlet (114), and the porous structure (113) is away from the first inlet relative to the top of the spoiler (112) (114). The foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 25 to 28, wherein the spoiler member (112) is a tapered structure, a hemispherical structure or a platform structure. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 29, wherein said spoiler member (112) has a circular cross section, a diameter D7 of said spoiler member (112) and a diameter of said first inlet (114) The relationship between D2 is: D7/D2 = 1-4. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 25-30, wherein a top end of the spoiler member (112) and an outlet of the liquefied medium at the second inlet (115) The distance L is 0-100 mm. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 25-31, wherein said foam generating unit (1) further comprises a first inlet (114) in communication to provide a foaming mixture to the mixing chamber (1) Foam mixture supply unit. The foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 25 to 32, wherein the foam generating unit (1) further comprises a liquefaction in communication with the second inlet (115) to supply a liquefied medium to the mixing chamber (111) Medium supply device (13). A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 25 to 33, wherein the foam spray unit (2) of the foam fire extinguishing apparatus (100) is a mobile fire monitor or a stationary fire monitor; or the foam fire extinguishing apparatus ( 100) Portable fire extinguishers, cart fire extinguishers or skid-mounted fire extinguishers. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus (100) comprising a foam generating unit (1) and a foam spraying unit (2), characterized in that the foam generating unit (1) comprises a mixing device (11) and a foam mixture a generating device (12) having a mixing chamber (111) and a spoiler member (112), the spoiler member (112) being disposed within the mixing chamber, the mixing chamber (111) being disposed There is a first inlet (114), a second inlet (115) and a first outlet (116), and the foam mixture generating device (12) communicates with the first inlet (114) of the mixing device (11) to mix The device (11) provides a foaming mixture, the first outlet (116) of the mixing chamber being in communication with the foaming unit (2). The foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 35, wherein said mixing chamber (111) is a cylindrical structure, and said first inlet (114) and said second inlet (115) are located at one end of said cylindrical structure, An outlet (116) is located at the other end of the tubular structure, the direction of the second inlet (115) being at an angle of 0-90, preferably 30-60, between the direction of the first inlet (114). A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 35 or 36, wherein a relationship between a diameter D1 of said cylindrical structure and a diameter D2 of said first inlet (114) is: D1/D2 = 1.1-4 preferably D1 /D2=2-4; the relationship between the diameter D2 of the first inlet (114) and the diameter D3 of the second inlet (115) is: D2/D3=10-15; The relationship between the diameter D1 and the diameter D4 of the first outlet (116) is: D1/D4 = 0.8-2, preferably D1/D4 = 1.2-1.4. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 35 to 37, wherein said mixing chamber is provided with at least one spaced apart porous structure (113); each of said porous structures (113) is provided with a hole; the hole of the porous structure (113) faces the second inlet (115), and the porous structure (113) is away from the second inlet (115) with respect to the top of the spoiler (112) . A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 35 to 38, wherein the spoiler member (112) is a tapered structure, a hemispherical structure or a platform structure. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 39, wherein said spoiler member (112) has a circular cross section, and between a diameter D7 of said spoiler member (112) and a diameter D1 of said cylindrical structure The relationship is: D1/D7=1.2-4. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 35 to 40, wherein a top end of the spoiler member (112) and an outlet of the liquefied medium at the second inlet (115) The distance L is 0-100 mm. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 35 to 41, wherein said foam generating unit (1) further comprises communicating with the foam mixed liquid generating device (12) to be in the foam mixed liquid generating device (12) A foam stock supply device (15) and a water supply device (16) for respectively providing a foam stock solution and water. The foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 35 to 42, wherein the foam generating unit (1) further comprises a liquefaction in communication with the second inlet (115) to supply a liquefied medium to the mixing chamber (111) Media supply device (14). A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 35 to 43, wherein the spray unit of the foam fire extinguishing apparatus is a high spray vehicle or a foam fire truck. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus (100) comprising a foam generating unit (1) and a foam spraying unit (2), characterized in that the foam generating unit (1) comprises a mixing device (11), the mixing The device (11) has a mixing chamber (111) and a spoiler member (112), the spoiler member (112) being disposed within the mixing chamber (111), the mixing chamber (111) having a second inlet (115) a third inlet (117), a fourth inlet (118), and a first outlet (116), the foam generating unit (1) being in communication with the foam spraying unit (2) through the first outlet (116). The foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 45, wherein said mixing chamber is a cylindrical structure, and said second inlet (115), third inlet (117), and fourth inlet (118) are disposed in said cylindrical structure At one end, the first outlet (116) is disposed at the other end of the cylindrical structure, the direction of the second inlet (115), the direction of the third inlet (117), and the fourth inlet (118) The directions are at an angle of 0-90°, preferably 30-60° to each other. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 45 or 46, wherein a relationship between a diameter D1 of said cylindrical structure and a diameter D4 of said first outlet (116) is: D1/D4 = 0.8-2, preferably D1 /D4=1.2-1.4; the relationship between the diameter D1 of the tubular structure and the diameter D3 of the second inlet (115) is D1/D3=20-30; the diameter D1 of the cylindrical structure and the fourth inlet The relationship between the diameters D5 of (118) is: D1/D5 = 2-6; the relationship between the diameter D6 of the third inlet (117) and the diameter D3 of the second inlet (115) is: D6 /D3=4-6. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 45 to 47, wherein at least one spaced apart porous structure (113) is disposed in said mixing chamber (111); each of said porous structures (113) a plurality of holes are provided; the aperture of the porous structure (113) faces the second inlet (115), and the porous structure (113) is away from the second inlet relative to the top of the spoiler (112) (115). A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 45 to 48, wherein the spoiler member (112) is a tapered structure, a hemispherical structure or a platform structure. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to claim 49, wherein said spoiler member (112) has a circular cross section, and between a diameter D7 of said spoiler member (112) and a diameter D1 of said cylindrical structure The relationship is: D1/D7=1.2-4. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 45 to 50, wherein a top end of the spoiler member (112) and a flow outlet of the liquefied medium at the second inlet (115) The distance L is 0-100 mm. A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 45 to 51, wherein said foam generating unit (1) further comprises a second inlet (115), a third inlet (117) and a fourth inlet (118), respectively. A liquefied medium supply device (14), a foam raw liquid supply device (15), and a water supply device (16) that are connected to each other to supply a liquefied medium, a foam stock solution, and water to the mixing chamber (111). A foam fire extinguishing apparatus according to any one of claims 45 to 52, wherein the spray unit of the foam fire extinguishing apparatus (100) is a high spray vehicle, a mobile foam gun, a stationary foam sprayer or a foam fire truck.

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