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WO2018160125A1 - Schéma de saut de fréquence dans un système de communication sans fil - Google Patents

Schéma de saut de fréquence dans un système de communication sans fil Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018160125A1
WO2018160125A1 PCT/SE2018/050193 SE2018050193W WO2018160125A1 WO 2018160125 A1 WO2018160125 A1 WO 2018160125A1 SE 2018050193 W SE2018050193 W SE 2018050193W WO 2018160125 A1 WO2018160125 A1 WO 2018160125A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
frequency hopping
sequence
hopping pattern
frequency
radio node
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/SE2018/050193
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Dennis SUNDMAN
Helia Niroomand RAD
Miguel Lopez
Yi-Pin Eric Wang
Original Assignee
Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
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Filing date
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Application filed by Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) filed Critical Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ)
Publication of WO2018160125A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018160125A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/69—Spread spectrum techniques
    • H04B1/713—Spread spectrum techniques using frequency hopping
    • H04B1/7143—Arrangements for generation of hop patterns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
    • H04L5/0001—Arrangements for dividing the transmission path
    • H04L5/0003—Two-dimensional division
    • H04L5/0005—Time-frequency
    • H04L5/0007—Time-frequency the frequencies being orthogonal, e.g. OFDM(A) or DMT
    • H04L5/0012—Hopping in multicarrier systems

Definitions

  • the present application relates generally to a wireless communication system, and relates more specifically to a frequency hopping pattern in a wireless communication system.
  • Frequency hopping (FH) spread spectrum systems are widely used in multiple access communication systems, such as Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) and Bluetooth.
  • a transmission e.g., of a given message
  • GSM Global System for Mobile communications
  • Bluetooth In such FH systems, a transmission (e.g., of a given message) is made by sending some of the data for the transmission on multiple frequency channels, e.g., one at a time.
  • the order in which the channels are used is determined by a frequency hopping pattern.
  • a frequency hopping pattern determines the frequency in or on which a transmitter sends a transmission at any given time.
  • Bluetooth one technology which uses frequency hopping is Bluetooth.
  • Bluetooth one technology which uses frequency hopping is Bluetooth.
  • f n+1 f n + hop) (mod 37).
  • f n the frequency channel chosen for the current transmission
  • hop is a parameter chosen at random when the connection between transmitter and receiver is established
  • f n+1 the channel for the next transmission.
  • FH spread-spectrum systems One metric in the design of FH spread-spectrum systems is the number of hits or collisions among different hopping patterns.
  • Mutual interference happens when two or more transmitters send in the same frequency and at the same time. When this happens, a collision has occurred.
  • the transmitters since in many wireless systems the transmitters are not time synchronized, it is also desirable to minimize the collisions between any first FH pattern and any arbitrary cyclic shift of any second FH pattern.
  • Embodiments include a radio node (e.g., a user equipment or a base station) configured to transmit or receive in a wireless communication system according to a frequency hopping pattern.
  • a radio node e.g., a user equipment or a base station
  • embodiments include a method implemented by a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system.
  • the method may include determining a frequency hopping pattern based on a sequence constant.
  • the frequency hopping pattern comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from one or more lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P .
  • the one or more lines each have the same slope and at least one of the one or more lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by the sequence constant.
  • the method may further include transmitting or receiving according to the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the method may also include determining the sequence constant.
  • the wireless communication system has N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern, and P ⁇ N .
  • the sequence constant is a function of a system frame number and/or a hyper system frame number in which the radio node is to transmit or receive according to the frequency hopping pattern.
  • a hyper system frame comprises multiple system frame numbers.
  • the sequence constant is the same as a sequence constant on which is based another frequency hopping pattern according to which another radio node is to transmit or receive.
  • the sequence constant is included in a set of sequentially ordered sequence constants and is sequentially ordered after a previous sequence constant on which is based a frequency hopping pattern according to which the radio node previously transmitted or received.
  • the wireless communication system has N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern, wherein the N frequencies are indexed from an initial index to the initial index plus N .
  • the sequence constant has a value that is greater than or equal to the initial index and that is less than or equal to the initial index plus N .
  • the method further comprises determining a sequence slope parameter, and determining the frequency hopping pattern based on the sequence slope parameter, wherein the one or more lines each have a slope equal to the sequence slope parameter.
  • the method further comprises receiving signaling indicating assignment of the sequence slope parameter to the radio node.
  • the frequency hopping pattern comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices corresponding to ⁇ (0 x p) + k, (1 x p) + k, (2 x p) +
  • the wireless communication system has N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern, and P ⁇ N .
  • the wireless communication system has N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern, wherein the frequency hopping pattern comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices corresponding to ⁇ [(0 x p) + k]mod N, [(1 x p) + k]mod N, [(2 x p) + k]mod N, ... , [[(P - 1) x p] + k]mod N ⁇ in the Galois field GF(P), where k is the sequence constant and p is the slope.
  • P is prime. In other embodiments, P is a prime power.
  • the wireless communication system has N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern, wherein N is a composite number.
  • the method further comprises determining a different frequency hopping pattern that is based on a different sequence constant.
  • the different frequency hopping pattern comprises a different frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from one or more different lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P .
  • the one or more different lines each have said same slope and wherein at least one of the one or different more lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by a different sequence constant.
  • the method in this case may further comprise switching from transmitting or receiving according to the frequency hopping pattern to transmitting or receiving according to the different frequency hopping pattern.
  • the wireless communication system is a narrowband internet of things system.
  • the transmitting or receiving according to the frequency hopping pattern may be performed in an unlicensed frequency band.
  • Embodiments also include a method implemented by a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system with N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern. The method may comprise transmitting or receiving according to a frequency hopping pattern that comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from multiple lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P , where ⁇ > N .
  • the multiple lines each have the same slope.
  • At least one of the multiple lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by a sequence constant.
  • the sequence constant is a function of a system frame number and/or a hyper system frame number in which the radio node is to transmit or receive according to the frequency hopping pattern.
  • a hyper system frame comprises multiple system frame numbers.
  • the sequence constant is the same as a sequence constant on which is based another frequency hopping pattern according to which another radio node is to transmit or receive.
  • the sequence constant is included in a set of sequentially ordered sequence constants and is sequentially ordered after a previous sequence constant on which is based a frequency hopping pattern according to which the radio node previously transmitted or received.
  • the wireless communication system has N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern, wherein the N frequencies are indexed from an initial index to the initial index plus N .
  • the sequence constant has a value that is greater than or equal to the initial index and that is less than or equal to the initial index plus N .
  • the method further comprises determining a sequence slope parameter, and determining the frequency hopping pattern based on the sequence slope parameter, wherein the one or more lines each have a slope equal to the sequence slope parameter.
  • the method further comprises receiving signaling indicating assignment of the sequence slope parameter to the radio node.
  • the frequency hopping pattern comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices corresponding to ⁇ (0 x p) + k, (1 x p) + k, (2 x p) +
  • the wireless communication system has N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern, wherein the frequency hopping pattern comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices corresponding to ⁇ [(0 x p) + k]mod N, [(1 x p) + k]mod N, [(2 x p) + k]mod N, [[(P - 1) x p] + k]mod N ⁇ in the Galois field GF(P), where k is the sequence constant and p is the slope.
  • P is prime or a prime power.
  • the wireless communication system has N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern, wherein N is a composite number.
  • the method further comprises determining a different frequency hopping pattern that is based on a different sequence constant.
  • the different frequency hopping pattern comprises a different frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from one or more different lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P .
  • the one or more different lines each have said same slope and wherein at least one of the one or different more lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by a different sequence constant.
  • the method in this case may further comprise switching from transmitting or receiving according to the frequency hopping pattern to transmitting or receiving according to the different frequency hopping pattern.
  • the wireless communication system is a narrowband internet of things system.
  • the transmitting or receiving according to the frequency hopping pattern may be performed in an unlicensed frequency band.
  • Embodiments further include corresponding apparatus, computer programs, carriers, and computer program products.
  • embodiments include a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system.
  • the radio node is configured to determine a frequency hopping pattern based on a sequence constant.
  • the frequency hopping pattern comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from one or more lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P .
  • the one or more lines each have the same slope and at least one of the one or more lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by the sequence constant.
  • the radio node may be further configured to transmit or receive according to the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the radio node may also be configured to determine the sequence constant.
  • Embodiments also include a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system with N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the radio node is configured to transmit or receive according to a frequency hopping pattern that comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from multiple lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P , where ⁇ > N .
  • the multiple lines each have the same slope.
  • a frequency hopping pattern in some embodiments herein may advantageously have any (arbitrary) length.
  • Some embodiments herein exploit a sequence constant, by transmitting or receiving at different times according to different frequency hopping patterns that are based on different sequence constants, in order to over time (on average) provide (substantially) equal use of available frequency channels.
  • frequency hopping patterns used by different radio nodes herein are based on different slopes, so as to advantageously provide desired collision properties between the frequency hopping patterns used by different radio nodes
  • Figure 1 is a table of regulations mandated by the Federal Communications Commission for wireless systems according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 2 is a block diagram of a wireless communication system according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 3A is a diagram representing a frequency hopping sequence as a line in a finite affine plane over a Galois field according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 3B is a diagram representing a frequency hopping sequence as one or more lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 4 is a logic flow diagram of a method performed by a radio node according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 5 is a diagram representing different frequency hopping sequences based on different sequence constants according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 6 is a table showing collisions between two example frequency hopping patterns according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 7 is a logic flow diagram of an algorithm for generating and using frequency hopping patterns according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 8 is a logic flow diagram of an algorithm for generating and using frequency hopping patterns according to other embodiments.
  • Figure 9A is a diagram representing a line in a finite affine plane over a Galois field according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 9B is a diagram representing the line of Figure 9A as offset by a sequence constant according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 9C is a diagram representing the line of Figure 9A as offset to a greater extent by a sequence constant according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 10A is a diagram representing a line in a finite affine plane over a Galois field according to some embodiments where P > N.
  • Figure 10B is a diagram representing the line of Figure 10A after a module N operation according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 10C is a diagram representing another line in a finite affine plane over a Galois field according to some embodiments where P > N.
  • Figure 10D is a diagram representing the line of Figure 10C after a module N operation according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 1 1 is a logic flow diagram of a method performed by a radio node according to other embodiments.
  • Figure 12 is a block diagram of frequency spectrum according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 13A is a block diagram of a radio node according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 13B is a block diagram of a radio node according to other embodiments.
  • Figure 14 is a block diagram of a user equipment according to some embodiments.
  • Figure 15 is a block diagram of a radio network node according to some embodiments.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates a wireless communication system 10 (e.g. , a narrowband loT, NB-loT, system) according to one or more embodiments.
  • the system 10 includes radio nodes shown in the form of a radio network node 12 (e.g., an eNB) and a wireless communication device 14 (e.g. , a user equipment, which may be a NB-loT device).
  • a radio network node 12 e.g., an eNB
  • a wireless communication device 14 e.g. , a user equipment, which may be a NB-loT device.
  • One radio node may transmit a signal 16 to another radio node (e.g. , eNB) that receives that signal 16.
  • Figure 2 shows that the signal 16 in this regard is transmitted and/or received according to a frequency hopping pattern 18 that hops the signal 16 from frequency to frequency over time.
  • signal 16 is hopped from frequency fA to frequency fB over time according to a frequency hopping pattern 18 ⁇ fA, fB, . . . ⁇ , where A and B represent frequency indices that index frequencies within the system 10 over which the signal 16 may be hopped.
  • the frequency hopping pattern 18 as shown therefore is represented as a frequency sequence fA, fB, . . .
  • hopping may be realized by one part 16A of the signal 16 (e.g., one symbol or symbol group) being transmitted or received on a time-frequency resource that occupies or is centered on frequency fA , and another part 16B of the signal 16 being transmitted or received on a time-frequency resource that occupies or is centered on frequency fB.
  • one part 16A of the signal 16 e.g., one symbol or symbol group
  • another part 16B of the signal 16 being transmitted or received on a time-frequency resource that occupies or is centered on frequency fB.
  • Figure 3A illustrates additional details of the frequency hopping pattern 18 according to some embodiments.
  • the frequency hopping pattern 18 comprises a frequency sequence fi , f2, . . . fp of length P. That is, there are P frequency indices in the frequency sequence.
  • the frequency indices in the sequence are from (i.e. , are included in or on) a line 20 in a finite affine plane over a Galois field GF(P) with an order equal to P.
  • a Galois field as used herein is a field that contains a finite number of elements, where the number of elements in the field is called the order of the field.
  • Figure 3A shows this line 20 as being formed from possible frequency indices 22 and as having a certain slope p.
  • a frequency hopping pattern 18 comprising frequency indices from such a line 20 may in some embodiments advantageously have any (arbitrary) length P (e.g. , such that P in some embodiments is prime, but in other embodiments may be a prime power, an odd number, or an even number).
  • Figure 3A furthermore shows that the line 20 in some embodiments is offset (i.e. , by a non-zero amount) from the origin of the Galois field GF(P) by a so-called sequence constant k.
  • the sequence constant k may remain fixed while transmitting or receiving according to the frequency hopping pattern 18, i.e. , using the frequencies indexed by the pattern 18.
  • Figure 3A shows an example where the frequency indices in the sequence are from a single line in a finite affine plane over GF(P), in other embodiments the frequency indices are from one or more lines in a finite affine plane over GF(P).
  • the frequency indices 22 in some sense may be from one line formed from line segments 20-1 and 20-2 but that line has a discontinuity 24. In another sense, though, the frequency indices 22 may be said as being from multiple lines 20-1 and 20-2 that each have the same slope p. In this case, at least one of these lines (e.g. , line 20-1 in Figure 3B) is offset from the origin of GF(P) by the sequence constant k.
  • Figure 4 illustrates a method 100 implemented by a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system 10 according to some embodiments.
  • the radio node may for instance be a radio network node 12 or a wireless communication device 14 (e.g., a user equipment).
  • Optional steps are shown in dotted lines.
  • the method 100 as shown includes determining a sequence constant (e.g., k as notated herein) (Block 1 10).
  • the method 100 may also include determining a frequency hopping pattern 18 based on the sequence constant (Block 120). Such determination may comprise for instance generating the pattern 18 or selecting the pattern 18 from a set or table of patterns.
  • the frequency hopping pattern 18 may comprise a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from one or more lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P.
  • the one or more lines each have the same slope (e.g., p as notated herein) and at least one of the one or more lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by the sequence constant.
  • the frequency hopping pattern 18 may be based on the sequence constant in the sense that at least one of the one or more lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by the sequence constant.
  • the method 100 may also include transmitting or receiving according to the frequency hopping pattern (Block 130).
  • FIG. 5 shows a different frequency hopping pattern 24 that comprises a different frequency sequence fi , f2, ... fp of length P.
  • the frequency indices in the sequence are from a different line 26 in a finite affine plane over the Galois field GF(P) .
  • the sequence constant is a function of a system frame number (SFN) and/or a hyper system frame number (HFN) in which a radio node is to transmit or receive according to the frequency hopping pattern 18, e.g. , so that the sequence constant is in a sense synchronized with SFN and/or HFN.
  • a system frame number in this regard indicates an index of one of multiple system frames that have different indices (e.g., from 0 to 1023).
  • a hyper system frame comprises multiple system frames (e.g. , 1024 system frames).
  • a hyper system frame number indicates an index of one of multiple hyper system frames that have different indices (e.g. , from 0 to 1023).
  • a radio node may transmit or receive according to different frequency hopping patterns (based on different sequence constants) in different SFNs and/or HFNs.
  • the sequence constant on which is based one frequency hopping pattern according to which one radio node is to transmit or receive in a given SNF and/or HFN may be the same as the sequence constant on which is based another frequency hopping pattern according to which another radio node is to transmit or receive in that same SFN and/or H FN.
  • the method 100 in Figure 4 in some embodiments further comprises determining the sequence constant as a function of a system frame number (SFN) and/or a hyper system frame number (HFN) in which the radio node is to transmit or receive according to the frequency hopping pattern.
  • a hyper system frame comprises multiple system frames (e.g. , 1024 system frames).
  • a frequency hopping pattern that a radio node is to use next may for instance be based on a sequence constant that is next in a set of sequentially ordered sequence constants after a previous sequence constant on which was based a previously used frequency hopping pattern, i.e. , the next sequence constant is sequentially ordered after the previous sequence constant in the set.
  • sequence constants may be randomly or pseudo randomly determined from a set of multiple sequence constants.
  • the method 100 in Figure 4 may further include determining a different frequency hopping pattern 24 based on a different sequence constant kl .
  • This different frequency hopping pattern 24 may comprise a different frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from one or more different lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois Field with an order equal to P.
  • the one or more different lines each have said same slope p. At least one of the one or more different lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by the difference sequence constant kl .
  • the method 100 may further include switching from transmitting or receiving according to frequency hopping pattern 18 to transmitting or receiving according to the different frequency hopping pattern 24.
  • different radio nodes in the system 10 transmit or receive according to different frequency hopping patterns.
  • These different frequency hopping patterns may comprise different respective frequency sequences with frequency indices from one or more lines in a finite field over GF(P). But the line(s) associated with different patterns used by different radio nodes may have different slopes.
  • the slope may be specific to each radio node.
  • each radio node may for example receive signaling indicating assignment of the slope (e.g., via a sequence slope parameter) to the radio node. No matter the way in which different slopes are associated with different radio nodes, such may advantageously provide desired collision properties between the frequency hopping patterns used by different radio nodes in the system 10.
  • different radio nodes in the system 10 may transmit or receive according to different frequency hopping patterns that are associated with different slopes, even if one of the radio nodes itself uses different frequency hopping patterns associated with different slopes at different times.
  • a radio node may for example select the next frequency hopping pattern to use during the next time period as a pattern associated with a slope that is different than both (i) the slope on which was based the frequency hopping pattern used by the radio node during the previous time period; and (ii) the slope on which is based another frequency hopping pattern used by another radio node during the next time period. That is, a radio node may select consecutive sequences based on different slopes, assuming no other radio node selects a sequence with the same slope for use at the same time.
  • Some embodiments in this regard address the challenge to provide frequency hopping (FH) sequences with the following properties.
  • FH frequency hopping
  • any pair of FH sequences provides an average of equal use of the available channels, and one or many FH sequences used by different transmitters are to be used without collision at all or with a good fraction of collision properties.
  • x (mod P) denotes the modulus P operation and ⁇ is the Kronecker delta:
  • H(a) simply counts the number of collisions between the FH pattern a and all the cyclic shifts of the FH pattern b, and then chooses the maximum value.
  • P 4
  • H(S) Given a set S of FH patterns, one can define a figure of merit H(S) by computing the maximum number of collisions among any pair of FH patterns in the set per the expression:
  • H(S) max ⁇ H(a, b) ⁇ .
  • Some embodiments include a method to create one or more FH sequences.
  • N is a composite number.
  • P - 1 sequences of length P are to be constructed, where P may be a prime.
  • the method may be performed to generate one P length FH sequence that comprises a sequence of indices.
  • the indices in the sequence may be selected from a set of possible indices that index frequencies within the system 10 over which frequency hopping may be performed.
  • the set of possible indices is assumed in this example to include indices numbered from 0 to N - 1.
  • Figure 7 shows the method 200 as including the following steps.
  • the method 200 includes choosing a sequence number p such that 1 ⁇ p ⁇ P - 1 (Block 210).
  • each transmitter within communication range needs a unique p; that is, p is assumed unique to each transmitter.
  • the chosen sequence number p may remain fixed in some embodiments.
  • the sequence number p describes the slope of the vector t, such that the sequence number p may be referred to as a sequence slope parameter.
  • This vector t with its elements coming from the Galois field GF(P), may be geometrically demonstrated by a line in a finite affine plane over GF(P), where the vector elements are viewed as the points of the finite affine plane. From this perspective, the vector t in GF(P) is equivalent to a line in a finite affine plane over GF(P).
  • the method 200 includes choosing a parameter k such that 0 ⁇ k ⁇ N - 1 (Block 230).
  • the parameter k may also be referred to herein as a sequence constant.
  • the parameter k can be chosen freely, but in some embodiments it is assumed to be known to receivers.
  • the vector v therefore represents the vector t as shifted or offset by the parameter k. This shifting or offsetting, though, could cause the values of the resulting vector v to exceed the maximum frequency index N - 1 in the system 10.
  • the above procedure will generate one P length FH sequence s(p, k), which is dependent on P, N, p, k.
  • the transmitter may generate a new sequence by running the algorithm from step 3 corresponding to Block 230.
  • the new sequence may therefore be based on the same sequence number p (i.e., the same slope in GF(P)), but be based on a different sequence constant k (i.e., a different shift or offset).
  • 9 sequences with different k's may be used.
  • One way to select such k's is deterministically and sequentially, for example:
  • the period of the sequences s(p ir k j ) will be N x P. Another way is to select k uniformly at random between 0 and N.
  • some embodiments advantageously exploit an additional parameter k.
  • Figure 9A and 9B show an example of this.
  • Figure 9A shows sequence a as being a line with a certain slope in a finite affine plane over GF(P)
  • Figure 9B shows sequence a' as being a line with the same slope but the line is shifted relative to a.
  • Figure 9C shows that the sequence a" may be represented as multiple lines that have the same slope.
  • Figures 10A-10D more particularly illustrate the effect of the second modulo N operation.
  • Figure 10A shows a line a in a finite affine plane over GF(P) and
  • Figure 10B shows the same line a after the module N operation as multiple lines in a finite affine plane over GF(P) that have the same slope.
  • GF(P) in this case is only defined for prime P.
  • Figures 10C and 10D show another example.
  • Figure 10C shows a line b in a finite affine plane over GF(P) (with a discontinuity) and
  • Figure 10D shows the same line b' after the module N operation as multiple lines that have the same slope.
  • one radio frame is 10 ms, and each radio frame is numbered as System Frame Number (SFN) 0, 1 , 1023, in a SFN cycle.
  • SFN cycle is therefore 10.24 seconds.
  • Each SFN cycle forms a hyper system frame, each of which is labeled with a Hyper
  • H-SFN SFN number
  • a H-SFN cycle consists of 1024 SFN cycles, i.e.
  • a script where a random parameter k is used for each sequence is shown below.
  • Each row in S1 corresponds to one sequence for a transmitter. By changing k, more sequences for the same transmitters are obtained.
  • s be the set containing 46 FH sequences where each sequence is constructed using k.
  • S k be the set containing 348 FH sequences where each sequence is constructed using k.
  • N 50
  • P 45 (odd number) and let k be synchronized k.
  • ⁇ 33.333% for any k.
  • N 50
  • P 48 (even number) and let k be synchronized k.
  • a frequency hopping sequence 18 is based on a sequence constant k
  • embodiments herein generally include a frequency hopping sequence that may or may not be based on such a sequence constant k.
  • the examples in Figures 10A-10D illustrate this aspect, as none of the lines in those figures are offset from the origin by a sequence constant.
  • Figure 1 1 illustrates processing performed by a radio node in these and other embodiments where a frequency hopping sequence may or may not be based on a sequence constant.
  • Figure 1 1 illustrates a method 300 implemented by a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system with N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the method 300 includes transmitting or receiving according to a frequency hopping pattern 18 that comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from multiple lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P (Block 310).
  • the multiple lines each have the same slope.
  • P > N that is, the length of the frequency sequence and the order of the Galois field is greater than the number of frequencies usable by the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the greater the length P of the frequency sequence compared to the number N of usable frequencies the more equal the frequency channel usage (on average) over time. Indeed, in the limit of P to infinity, channel usage would be strictly equal. This means that in some embodiments where P > N, basing different frequency hopping patterns used at different times on different sequence constants k may not be needed for equal channel usage.
  • the method 300 as shown may also include determining (e.g., generating or selecting) the sequence 18 (Block 320).
  • determining e.g., generating or selecting
  • the frequency hopping pattern 18 in some embodiments may otherwise be described in accordance with embodiments above.
  • the system 10 is a NB-loT system.
  • the system in some cases may operate in the unlicensed 902 MHz- 928 MHz band.
  • Figure 12 illustrates one possible channelization in this case, based on a 250 kHz channel separation, having 50 uplink (UL) and 50 downlink (DL) channels.
  • This design would be subject to the regulatory constraints specified in the first row of the table in Figure 1.
  • the latter requirement is called fairness property herein.
  • embodiments herein include methods to generate FH patterns for NB-loT systems operating on the 902 MHz-928 MHz band and subject to FCC regulations.
  • the FH patterns generated accordingly to the methods herein have good collision properties and are well suited for frequency hopping spread spectrum NB-loT. That is, the methods minimize the number of collisions for a FH spread-spectrum NB-loT system operating in the 902 MHz-928 MHz band while maximizing the number of those patterns, and subject to the constraints specified in the first row of Figure 1 satisfying the regulations in FCC, for instance the fairness property.
  • a radio node herein is any type of node (e.g., a base station or wireless communication device) capable of communicating with another node over radio signals.
  • a radio network node 12 is any type of radio node within a wireless communication network, such as a base station.
  • a network node is any type of node within a wireless communication network, whether within a radio access network or a core network of the wireless communication network.
  • a wireless communication device 14 is any type of radio node capable of communicating with a radio network node over radio signals.
  • a wireless communication device 14 may therefore refer to a machine-to-machine (M2M) device, a machine-type communications (MTC) device, a NB-loT device, etc..
  • M2M machine-to-machine
  • MTC machine-type communications
  • the wireless device may also be a UE, however it should be noted that the UE does not necessarily have a "user" in the sense of an individual person owning and/or operating the device.
  • a wireless device may also be referred to as a radio device, a radio communication device, a wireless terminal, or simply a terminal - unless the context indicates otherwise, the use of any of these terms is intended to include device-to-device UEs or devices, machine-type devices or devices capable of machine-to-machine communication, sensors equipped with a wireless device, wireless-enabled table computers, mobile terminals, smart phones, laptop- embedded equipped (LEE), laptop-mounted equipment (LME), USB dongles, wireless customer-premises equipment (CPE), etc.
  • LOE laptop- embedded equipped
  • LME laptop-mounted equipment
  • CPE wireless customer-premises equipment
  • M2M machine-to- machine
  • MTC machine-type communication
  • wireless sensor and sensor
  • sensor may also be used. It should be understood that these devices may be UEs, but are generally configured to transmit and/or receive data without direct human interaction.
  • a wireless communication device 14 as described herein may be, or may be comprised in, a machine or device that performs monitoring or measurements, and transmits the results of such monitoring measurements to another device or a network.
  • a wireless communication device as described herein may be comprised in a vehicle and may perform monitoring and/or reporting of the vehicle's operational status or other functions associated with the vehicle.
  • a radio node e.g., radio network equipment 12 and/or wireless communication device 14, such as a user equipment
  • the radio node may perform the processing herein by implementing any functional means or units.
  • the radio node comprises respective circuits or circuitry configured to perform the steps shown in Figure 4, 7, 8, 1 1 , and/or in any of the other embodiments.
  • the circuits or circuitry in this regard may comprise circuits dedicated to performing certain functional processing and/or one or more
  • memory which may comprise one or several types of memory such as read-only memory (ROM), random-access memory, cache memory, flash memory devices, optical storage devices, etc.
  • ROM read-only memory
  • the memory stores program code that, when executed by the one or more processors, carries out the techniques described herein.
  • FIG 13A illustrates additional details of a radio node 400 (e.g., the radio network node 12 or the wireless communication device 14) in accordance with one or more embodiments.
  • the radio node 400 includes processing circuitry 410 and radio circuitry 420.
  • the radio circuitry 420 is configured to transmit via one or more antennas 440, which may be internal or external to the radio node 400.
  • the processing circuitry 41 is configured to perform processing described above, e.g., in Figure 4, 7, 8, 1 1 , and/or in any of the other embodiments, such as by executing instructions stored in memory 430.
  • the processing circuitry 410 in this regard may implement certain functional means or units.
  • FIG. 13B illustrates a radio node 450 (e.g., the radio network node 12 or the wireless communication device 14) that according to other embodiments implements various functional means or units, e.g., via the processing circuitry 410 in Figure 13A.
  • these functional means or units may include for instance a determine module or unit 460 for determining (e.g., generating or selecting) a frequency hopping pattern 18 as described herein.
  • the radio node 450 may also include a transmitting or receiving module or unit 470 for transmitting or receiving according to a frequency hopping pattern 18 as described herein.
  • the example user equipment 14 includes an antenna 540, radio circuitry (e.g. radio front-end circuitry) 510, processing circuitry 520, and the user equipment 14 may also include a memory 530.
  • the memory 530 may be separate from the processing circuitry 520 or an integral part of processing circuitry 520.
  • Antenna 540 may include one or more antennas or antenna arrays, and is configured to send and/or receive wireless signals, and is connected to radio circuitry (e.g. radio front-end circuitry) 510.
  • user equipment 14 may not include antenna 540, and antenna5 may instead be separate from user equipment 14 and be connectable to user equipment 14 through an interface or port.
  • the radio circuitry (e.g. radio front-end circuitry) 510 may comprise various filters and amplifiers, is connected to antenna 540 and processing circuitry 520, and is configured to condition signals communicated between antenna 540 and processing circuitry 520.
  • user equipment 14 may not include radio circuitry (e.g. radio front-end circuitry) 510, and processing circuitry 520 may instead be connected to antenna 540 without front-end circuitry 510.
  • Processing circuitry 520 may include one or more of radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuitry, baseband processing circuitry, and application processing circuitry.
  • RF transceiver circuitry 521 , baseband processing circuitry 522, and application processing circuitry 523 may be on separate chipsets.
  • part or all of the baseband processing circuitry 522 and application processing circuitry 523 may be combined into one chipset, and the RF transceiver circuitry 521 may be on a separate chipset.
  • part or all of the RF transceiver circuitry 521 and baseband processing circuitry 522 may be on the same chipset, and the application processing circuitry 523 may be on a separate chipset.
  • Processing circuitry 520 may include, for example, one or more central processing units (CPUs), one or more microprocessors, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and/or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).
  • CPUs central processing units
  • ASICs application specific integrated circuits
  • FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
  • the user equipment 14 may include a power source 550.
  • the power source 550 may be a battery or other power supply circuitry, as well as power management circuitry.
  • the power supply circuitry may receive power from an external source.
  • a battery, other power supply circuitry, and/or power management circuitry are connected to radio circuitry (e.g. radio front- end circuitry) 510, processing circuitry 520, and/or memory 530.
  • the power source 550, battery, power supply circuitry, and/or power management circuitry are configured to supply user equipment 14, including processing circuitry 520, with power for performing the functionality described herein.
  • the example radio network node 12 includes an antenna 640, radio circuitry (e.g. radio front-end circuitry) 610, processing circuitry 620, and the radio network node 12 may also include a memory 630.
  • the memory 630 may be separate from the processing circuitry 620 or an integral part of processing circuitry 620.
  • Antenna 640 may include one or more antennas or antenna arrays, and is configured to send and/or receive wireless signals, and is connected to radio circuitry (e.g. radio front-end circuitry) 610.
  • radio network node 12 may not include antenna 640, and antenna 640 may instead be separate from radio network node 12 and be connectable to radio network node 12 through an interface or port.
  • the radio circuitry (e.g. radio front-end circuitry) 610 may comprise various filters and amplifiers, is connected to antenna 640 and processing circuitry 620, and is configured to condition signals communicated between antenna 640 and processing circuitry 620.
  • radio network node 12 may not include radio circuitry (e.g. radio front- end circuitry) 610, and processing circuitry 620 may instead be connected to antenna 640 without front-end circuitry 610.
  • Processing circuitry 620 may include one or more of radio frequency (RF) transceiver circuitry, baseband processing circuitry, and application processing circuitry.
  • RF transceiver circuitry 621 , baseband processing circuitry 622, and application processing circuitry 623 may be on separate chipsets.
  • part or all of the baseband processing circuitry 622 and application processing circuitry 623 may be combined into one chipset, and the RF transceiver circuitry 621 may be on a separate chipset.
  • part or all of the RF transceiver circuitry 621 and baseband processing circuitry 622 may be on the same chipset, and the application processing circuitry 623 may be on a separate chipset.
  • Processing circuitry 620 may include, for example, one or more central processing units (CPUs), one or more microprocessors, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), and/or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).
  • CPUs central processing units
  • ASICs application specific integrated circuits
  • FPGAs field programmable gate arrays
  • the radio network node 12 may include a power source 650.
  • the power source 650 may be a battery or other power supply circuitry, as well as power management circuitry.
  • the power supply circuitry may receive power from an external source.
  • a battery, other power supply circuitry, and/or power management circuitry are connected to radio circuitry (e.g. radio front- end circuitry) 610, processing circuitry 620, and/or memory 630.
  • the power source 650, battery, power supply circuitry, and/or power management circuitry are configured to supply radio network node 12, including processing circuitry 620, with power for performing the functionality described herein.
  • a computer program comprises instructions which, when executed on at least one processor of a radio node 400, 450, cause the radio node 400, 450 to carry out any of the respective processing described above.
  • a computer program in this regard may comprise one or more code modules corresponding to the means or units described above.
  • Embodiments further include a carrier containing such a computer program.
  • This carrier may comprise one of an electronic signal, optical signal, radio signal, or computer readable storage medium.
  • embodiments herein also include a computer program product stored on a non-transitory computer readable (storage or recording) medium and comprising instructions that, when executed by a processor of a (transmitting or receiving) radio node 400, 450, cause the radio node 400, 450 to perform as described above.
  • Embodiments further include a computer program product comprising program code portions for performing the steps of any of the embodiments herein when the computer program product is executed by a computing device.
  • This computer program product may be stored on a computer readable recording medium.
  • some embodiments are capable of generating arbitrary sets of FH sequences. Any FH sequence in any two sets has good collision properties between one another.
  • some embodiments include a method, implemented in a radio node i in a frequency hopping spread spectrum wireless system, to determine a FH pattern from a total of P - 1 patterns, using N channels, and tune the center of frequency of the transceiver based on said FH pattern.
  • the method comprises (a) Determining the sequence index p (b) Generating a first number sequence depending on the number ? and ⁇ . (c) Determining a sequence constant k. (d) Generating a second number sequence by adding the constant k to each entry in the first number sequence. And (e) Generating a FH sequence by limiting the numbers in the second number sequence such that the largest number is T — l.
  • p is a prime.
  • p is a power prime.
  • p is an odd number.
  • b) further comprises generating a line in a finite affine plane over the finite field with p elements.
  • c) further comprises letting k be fixed for each generated FH pattern for transmitter i. In some embodiments, c) further comprises letting k change deterministically for each generated FH pattern.
  • c) further comprises letting k change randomly for each generated FH pattern.
  • determining a sequence constant k may further comprise synchronization of k among all radio nodes i.
  • Embodiments include a method to generate arbitrarily many FH sequences with good properties. The method works well for composite number of channels available.
  • Embodiments further include a method implemented by a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system.
  • the method comprises determining a sequence constant.
  • the method further comprises determining a frequency hopping pattern based on the sequence constant, wherein the frequency hopping pattern comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from one or more lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P , wherein the one or more lines each have the same slope and wherein at least one of the one or more lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by the sequence constant.
  • the method also comprises transmitting or receiving according to the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the method comprises determining the sequence constant as a function of a system frame number and/or a hyper system frame number in which the radio node is to transmit or receive according to the frequency hopping pattern, wherein a hyper system frame comprises multiple system frame numbers.
  • the method comprises determining the sequence constant to be the same as a sequence constant based on which another radio node determines a frequency hopping pattern according to which the another radio node is to transmit or receive.
  • the method comprises determining the sequence constant by determining, from a set of sequentially ordered sequence constants, a next sequence constant that is sequentially ordered after a previous sequence constant based on which the radio node previously determined a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the method comprises determining the sequence constant by randomly or pseudo-randomly determining the sequence constant from a set of multiple sequence constants.
  • the wireless communication system has N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern, wherein the N frequencies are indexed from an initial index to the initial index plus N , and wherein the sequence constant has a value that is greater than or equal to the initial index and that is less than or equal to the initial index plus N .
  • the method further comprises determining a sequence slope parameter, and determining the frequency hopping pattern also based on the sequence slope parameter, wherein the one or more lines each have a slope equal to the sequence slope parameter.
  • the sequence slope parameter is specific for the radio node.
  • the method further comprises receiving signaling indicating assignment of the sequence slope parameter to the radio node.
  • the sequence slope parameter is one of multiple different possible sequence slope parameters associated with different possible frequency hopping sequences.
  • the slope is greater than or equal to 1 and is less than or equal to
  • the one or more lines are a single line.
  • the frequency hopping pattern comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices corresponding to ⁇ (0 x p) + k, (1 x p) + k, (2 x p) +
  • the one or more lines comprise multiple lines.
  • the wireless communication system has N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern, and wherein P > N .
  • the wireless communication system has N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern, wherein the frequency indices in the frequency sequence each have a value less than N .
  • the wireless communication system has N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern, wherein the frequency hopping pattern comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices corresponding to ⁇ [(0 x p) + k]mod N, [(1 x p) + k]mod N, [(2 x p) + k]mod N, ... , [[(P - 1) x p] + k]mod N ⁇ in the Galois field GF(P), where k is the sequence constant and p is the slope.
  • P is prime. In some embodiments, P is a prime power. In some embodiments, P is an odd number.
  • the wireless communication system has N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern, wherein N is a composite number.
  • the method comprises determining the frequency hopping pattern comprises generating the frequency hopping pattern based on the sequence constant. In some embodiments, determining the frequency hopping pattern comprises selecting the frequency hopping pattern from a set or table of frequency hopping patterns based on the sequence constant.
  • the method further comprises: determining a different sequence constant; determining a different frequency hopping pattern based on the different sequence constant, wherein the different frequency hopping pattern comprises a different frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from one or more different lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P , wherein the one or more different lines each have said same slope and wherein at least one of the one or different more lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by the different sequence constant; and switching from transmitting or receiving according to the frequency hopping pattern to transmitting or receiving according to the different frequency hopping pattern.
  • the wireless communication system is a narrowband internet of things system.
  • Embodiments also include a method implemented by a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system with N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the method comprises transmitting or receiving according to a frequency hopping pattern that comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from multiple lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P , wherein the multiple lines each have the same slope and wherein P > N .
  • the method further comprises determining a sequence constant and determining the frequency hopping pattern based on the sequence constant, wherein at least one of the multiple lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by the sequence constant.
  • the method comprises determining the sequence constant as a function of a system frame number and/or a hyper system frame number in which the radio node is to transmit or receive according to the frequency hopping pattern, wherein a hyper system frame comprises multiple system frame numbers.
  • the method comprises determining the sequence constant to be the same as a sequence constant based on which another radio node determines a frequency hopping pattern according to which the another radio node is to transmit or receive.
  • the method comprises determining the sequence constant by determining, from a set of sequentially ordered sequence constants, a next sequence constant that is sequentially ordered after a previous sequence constant based on which the radio node previously determined a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the method comprises determining the sequence constant by randomly or pseudo-randomly determining the sequence constant from a set of multiple sequence constants.
  • the N frequencies are indexed from an initial index to the initial index plus N , and wherein the sequence constant has a value that is greater than or equal to the initial index and that is less than or equal to the initial index plus N .
  • the method further comprises determining a sequence slope parameter, and determining the frequency hopping pattern based on the sequence slope parameter, wherein the multiple lines each have a slope equal to the sequence slope parameter.
  • the sequence slope parameter is specific for the radio node.
  • the method further comprises receiving signaling indicating assignment of the sequence slope parameter to the radio node.
  • the sequence slope parameter is one of multiple different possible sequence slope parameters associated with different possible frequency hopping sequences. In some embodiments, the slope is greater than or equal to 1 and is less than or equal to P - ⁇ .
  • the frequency indices in the frequency sequence each have a value less than N .
  • the frequency hopping pattern comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices corresponding to ⁇ [(0 x p) + k]mod N, [(1 x p) +
  • P is prime. In some embodiments, P is a prime power. In some embodiments, P is an odd number.
  • N is a composite number.
  • determining the frequency hopping pattern comprises generating the frequency hopping pattern.
  • determining the frequency hopping pattern comprises selecting the frequency hopping pattern from a set or table of frequency hopping patterns.
  • the wireless communication system is a narrowband internet of things system.
  • Embodiments further include corresponding apparatus, computer programs, carriers, and computer program products.
  • embodiments include a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system.
  • the radio node is configured to: determine a sequence constant; determine a frequency hopping pattern based on the sequence constant, wherein the frequency hopping pattern comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from one or more lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P , wherein the one or more lines each have the same slope and wherein at least one of the one or more lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by the sequence constant; and transmit or receive according to the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the radio node in some embodiments is configured to perform the method of any of the above embodiments.
  • Embodiments also include a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system.
  • the radio node comprises a constant determining module for determining a sequence constant; a pattern determining module for determining a frequency hopping pattern based on the sequence constant, wherein the frequency hopping pattern comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from one or more lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P , wherein the one or more lines each have the same slope and wherein at least one of the one or more lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by the sequence constant; and a transmitting or receiving module for transmitting or receiving according to the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the radio node comprises one or more modules for performing the method of any of the above embodiments.
  • the radio node comprises radio circuitry and processing circuitry wherein the radio node is configured to: determine a sequence constant; determine a frequency hopping pattern based on the sequence constant, wherein the frequency hopping pattern comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from one or more lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P , wherein the one or more lines each have the same slope and wherein at least one of the one or more lines is offset from the origin of the Galois field by the sequence constant; and transmit or receive according to the frequency hopping pattern.
  • the radio node comprises radio circuitry and processing circuitry wherein the radio node is configured to perform the method of any of the above embodiments.
  • Embodiments also include a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system with N frequencies usable by a frequency hopping pattern.
  • the radio node is configured to transmit or receive according to a frequency hopping pattern that comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from multiple lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P , wherein the multiple lines each have the same slope and wherein P > N .
  • the radio node is configured to perform the method of any of the above embodiments.
  • Embodiments also include a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system.
  • the radio node comprises a transmitting or receiving module for transmitting or receiving according to a frequency hopping pattern that comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from multiple lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P , wherein the multiple lines each have the same slope and wherein P > N .
  • the radio node comprises one or more modules for performing the method of any of the above embodiments.
  • Embodiments also include a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system.
  • the radio node comprises radio circuitry and processing circuitry wherein the radio node is configured to transmit or receive according to a frequency hopping pattern that comprises a frequency sequence of length P with frequency indices from multiple lines in a finite affine plane over a Galois field with an order equal to P , wherein the multiple lines each have the same slope and wherein P > N .
  • the radio node comprises radio circuitry and processing circuitry wherein the radio node is configured to perform the method of any of the above embodiments.
  • Embodiments also include a computer program comprising instructions which, when executed by at least one processor of a radio node, causes the radio node to carry out the method of any of the above embodiments.
  • Embodiments also include a carrier containing such a computer program, wherein the carrier is one of an electronic signal, optical signal, radio signal, or computer readable storage medium.
  • Embodiments also include a method implemented by a radio node configured for use in a wireless communication system that has a number N of frequency channels.
  • the method comprises: generating a shifted number sequence by shifting each number in a number sequence by a sequence constant; generating a frequency hopping sequence from the shifted number sequence, by, for any number in the shifted number sequence greater than N-1 , reducing the number to be less than or equal to N-1 ; and transmitting or receiving a signal according to the generated frequency hopping sequence.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un nœud radio (12, 14, 400, 450) configuré pour être utilisé dans un système de communication sans fil. Le nœud radio (12, 14, 400, 450) est configuré pour déterminer un motif de saut de fréquence (18) sur la base d'une constante de séquence. Le motif de saut de fréquence (18) comprend une séquence de fréquence de longueur P avec des indices de fréquence provenant d'une ou plusieurs lignes dans un plan affine fini sur un champ de Galois avec un ordre égal à P. La ou les lignes ont chacune la même pente, et au moins une de la ou des lignes est décalée par rapport à l'origine du champ de Galois par la constante de séquence. Le nœud radio (12, 14, 400, 450) peut en outre être configuré pour émettre ou recevoir selon le motif de saut de fréquence (18).
PCT/SE2018/050193 2017-02-28 2018-02-28 Schéma de saut de fréquence dans un système de communication sans fil WO2018160125A1 (fr)

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CN110855319A (zh) * 2020-01-16 2020-02-28 四川大学 一种生成低碰撞区跳频序列集的方法
CN110875757A (zh) * 2020-01-19 2020-03-10 四川大学 一种具有宽间隔特性的低碰撞区跳频序列集的构造方法
WO2023036321A1 (fr) * 2021-09-13 2023-03-16 华为技术有限公司 Procédé et appareil d'indication de motif de saut de fréquence

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CN110855319A (zh) * 2020-01-16 2020-02-28 四川大学 一种生成低碰撞区跳频序列集的方法
CN110875757A (zh) * 2020-01-19 2020-03-10 四川大学 一种具有宽间隔特性的低碰撞区跳频序列集的构造方法
WO2023036321A1 (fr) * 2021-09-13 2023-03-16 华为技术有限公司 Procédé et appareil d'indication de motif de saut de fréquence
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