WO2018165754A1 - Trépan à diamants et procédé de production d'un trépan à diamants - Google Patents
Trépan à diamants et procédé de production d'un trépan à diamants Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2018165754A1 WO2018165754A1 PCT/CA2018/050305 CA2018050305W WO2018165754A1 WO 2018165754 A1 WO2018165754 A1 WO 2018165754A1 CA 2018050305 W CA2018050305 W CA 2018050305W WO 2018165754 A1 WO2018165754 A1 WO 2018165754A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- drill bit
- steel powder
- matrix
- infiltrant alloy
- copper
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 65
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper silver Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Ag] YCKOAAUKSGOOJH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical class [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium Chemical compound [V]#[V] GPPXJZIENCGNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] Chemical compound [Cu].[Ag].[Sn] PQIJHIWFHSVPMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQJKKINZCUWVKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].[Cu].[Ag] Chemical compound [Ni].[Cu].[Ag] PQJKKINZCUWVKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033764 rhythmic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/02—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C33/0257—Making ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy characterised by the range of the alloying elements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/32—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with boron
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/02—Alloys based on copper with tin as the next major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/06—Alloys based on copper with nickel or cobalt as the next major constituent
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
- B22F2301/35—Iron
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1036—Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
- C22C1/1073—Infiltration or casting under mechanical pressure, e.g. squeeze casting
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C26/00—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes
- C22C2026/008—Alloys containing diamond or cubic or wurtzitic boron nitride, fullerenes or carbon nanotubes with additional metal compounds other than carbides, borides or nitrides
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the ground drilling operations, and more particularly to a diamond drill bit composition for a drilling machine and a method of producing the diamond drill bit.
- a long-reach drilling machines comprises a series of drill rods that each measure but several feet in length, but that will be assembled to form a drill string that can be thousands of feet long.
- the drill string is rotated by means of a drill rig, the machine that will hold and rotate the uppermost drill rod and allow the addition of drills rods as the drill string increases in length to accommodate the borehole that also increases in length.
- the drill rods are hollow.
- the core bit At the end of the drill string opposite the drill rig is located the core bit, a ring-shaped bit that is impregnated with diamonds and, typically, tungsten or tungsten carbide powder to make it easier to cut the rock.
- the core bit is also often called the diamond drill bit, or simply the drill bit.
- the drill bit cuts the core sample out of the rock by rotating at a high speed and with a certain amount of pressure being applied to the drill bit against the ground to cut away the earth, stone and other minerals.
- This drill bit is attached to a reaming shell that reams the borehole to the desired diameter size.
- the reaming shell may also be impregnated with diamonds or tungsten carbide.
- the reaming shell also helps to stabilize the core bit drilling process to help avoid the drilling direction to undesirably change.
- the reaming shell is attached to the wireline core barrel, the part of the equipment that will collect the core sample.
- a wireline core barrel includes three components: an inner tube assembly, an outer tube assembly and the overshot.
- the inner tube assembly includes the head assembly and the inner tube.
- the inner tube is the piece that will actually hold the core sample during the drilling process.
- the inner tube does not rotate within the outer tube assembly.
- the wireline core barrel is connected to drill rods. The deeper the bore hole, the more drill rods are needed. Drill rods transfer the torque, feed, force and rotation speed required to drill into the rock, from the drill rig to the drill bit.
- a drill's pressure pump is used to pump drilling fluids into the hollow drill rods of the drill string all the way down to the drill bit. The fluids will flush the rock cuttings away from the bit and carry them to the surface and will cool the drill bit at the same time.
- Core samples can be retrieved from the core barrel as drill rods are added to drill deeper into the ground. This is accomplished by retrieving the inner tube with a harpoon that attaches to the overshot, and then pulling the inner tube loaded with a ground sample out of the outer tube assembly and all the way up through the drill rods to the drill rig with a winch and a metal cable. There, the inner tube will be manually retrieved and the ground sample will be removed from the inner tube for testing.
- the drill bits 10 themselves, shown in Figure 1, comprise a matrix 30 mounted to a blank 20 with a backing 40.
- the matrix 30 comprises teeth the shape of which is optimised for the drilling operation.
- the exact shape and configuration of the drill bits can and will vary depending on the type of ground that is being bored.
- the matrix is made of a mixed metal powder, typically comprising tungsten in significant proportion, in which synthetic or natural diamonds are dispersed. This composition is then compressed to form the matrix before additional tungsten backing powder and a metallic alloy - also called the infiltrant - are added. The composition is then heated at high temperature, such as 1000 °C, until the metallic alloy melts and infiltrates the powder, giving the name to the process known as the infiltration process. Depending on the type of alloy being used, sealed kiln chambers wherein hydrogen or another inert gas is injected can be used, to deoxidize the alloy and promote the infiltration.
- Prior art drill bits are also produced by a sintering process instead of an infiltration process, especially in other domains such as oil drilling.
- This process differs from the infiltration process, notably in that the matrix is formed with the tungsten powder being mixed with the diamonds and the metallic alloy at the outset; and the matrix is then compressed at high temperatures with the metallic alloy already added to the tungsten powder.
- the sintering process yields drill bits having different mechanical properties.
- the sintering-produced drill bit will have a greater resistance to wear. While this is desirable in certain applications such as oil drilling, a lower resistance to wear can be advantageous in the long reach drilling for mining exploration when harder ground is encountered and the prior art sintering process is consequently not ideal to obtain such matrixes, as explained hereinbelow.
- Drill bits having different mechanical properties are desirable depending on the type of ground being bored through. To obtain these different mechanical properties, the composition of the drill bit can be adjusted, and the method of producing the drill bit can be selected.
- a matrix will be selected with mechanical properties that will allow it to wear out at a desired pace, more or less quickly. This will allow the diamonds to fall from the matrix as the metallic alloy wears out, approximately at a rhythm corresponding to the diamonds themselves becoming worn out, to expose new sharper diamonds. Drill bit compositions and methods of production are consequently selected to obtain drill bits with customized mechanical properties to fit different ground compositions.
- Matrix compositions usually include tungsten, tungsten carbide, molybdenum and/or niobium powders that are used in the infiltration process to create the drill bit matrix.
- Tungsten powders including in the form of carbide tungsten, is the most frequently used among those. More particularly, the tungsten, molybdenum and/or niobium powders will be admixed with the diamonds before a binding metallic alloy is poured into the mix, as mentioned above.
- This binding metallic alloy typically comprises brass, copper and silver; or copper, silver and nickel.
- the purpose of the tungsten powder in the drill bit matrix is to increase the hardness and resistance to wear of the drill bit.
- Tungsten, molybdenum and/or niobium powders, and silver are all expensive materials.
- the present invention relates to a diamond drill bit comprising a steel powder comprising iron in a non-zero proportion of up to 99,6 % and carbon in a proportion between 0,03% and 2,14%, coated diamonds impregnated in said steel powder, and a metallic infiltrant alloy comprising copper and one of tin, silver and both tin and silver; wherein said diamond drill bit is produced by an infiltration process.
- said steel powder further comprises one or more of the following metals: manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, copper, nickel, chromium, aluminium, titanium, boron, molybdenum and vanadium.
- said steel powder further comprises tungsten.
- said infiltrant alloy comprises 50-92% copper and 2-50% silver.
- said infiltrant alloy comprises between 75-95% copper and 5- 25% tin.
- said infiltrant alloy further comprises zinc. In one embodiment, said infiltrant alloy further comprises bismuth. In one embodiment, said steel powder comprises iron particles of a size between 1 and 300 microns.
- the present invention also relates to a method of producing a diamond drill bit as defined hereinabove by an infiltration process, comprising: ⁇ providing the steel powder to form a matrix;
- the step of providing the steel powder comprises providing a ferrous-based powder and graphite that comprises carbon, and wherein before the step of heating the mixture at or above a fusion temperature of said infiltrant alloy, said method further comprising the step of heating said drill bit mixture at or above a diffusion temperature of the carbon in the iron but below the fusion temperature of said infiltrant alloy for allowing the carbon to migrate into said iron.
- Figure 1 is a perspective view of a diamond drill bit according to the present invention
- Figure 2 is a table showing different steel compositions that can be used for providing the steel powder composing the matrix of the drill bit; and Figure 3 is a graphic showing the results of three-point flexion tests for three different drill bit matrix samples having respective compositions.
- a diamond drill bit has been developed including a matrix composition that offers lower production costs while yielding similar and comparable mechanical properties than those of conventional prior art matrixes that include tungsten powder admixed with a metallic infiltrant and diamonds.
- the diamond drill bit of the present invention has been developed comprising a matrix impregnated with diamonds and infiltrated with a metallic alloy according to an infiltration process, with the matrix comprising steel powder.
- the matrix comprises a steel powder having a nonzero proportion of iron of up to 99,6% iron.
- the steel powder also comprises a minimum of 0,03% Carbon and up to 2,14% Carbon.
- Figure 2 shows a number of steel compositions that have been used to produce the steel powder used in the diamond drill bit matrix.
- the matrix composition can comprise, for example, about 70 grams of steel powder for 200 grams of metallic alloy, plus about 14 grams of diamonds.
- the dimension of the steel powder particles that will compose the steel powder will influence the resistance to wear of the matrix.
- Steel powder particles size between 1 and 300 microns have been tested to be particularly advantageous. So depending on the type of ground being bored through and the desired rate at which the matrix should wear out, different sizes of steel powder particles can be used.
- the metallic infiltrant alloy can be either a copper- silver alloy or a copper-tin alloy, or a copper-silver-tin alloy.
- the composition of the infiltrant can be 50-92% copper and 2-50% silver. In an embodiment where a copper-tin alloy is employed, the composition of the infiltrant can be between 75-95% copper and 5- 25% tin.
- Nickel has been used as an optional additive in a copper-silver infiltrant to provide advantageous results. Nickel increases the wettability of the steel powder particles, making the alloy more fluid.
- the infiltrant alloy comprises zinc in addition to copper and tin.
- the addition of zinc helps increase the structural harness of the bronze matrix composition.
- the alloy further comprises bismuth in addition to the copper, tin and zinc combination.
- Bismuth has been found to decrease resistance to wear, so it is advantageously used in circumstances where a higher wear rate of the matrix is desired.
- the drill bit composition described in the present invention has been tested and found to provide mechanical properties that are equivalent or similar to those of the prior art compositions, albeit at a cheaper price.
- Figure 3 indeed shows the results of three-point flexion tests for three different drill bit matrix samples having respective compositions.
- a copper-silver-nickel alloy was used for all three drill bit matrix compositions.
- Curve 50 is obtained from a matrix comprising tungsten powder per the prior art.
- Curve 52 is obtained from a matrix comprising steel powder according to the present invention.
- Curve 54 is obtained from a matrix comprising pure iron powder.
- compositions comprising percentages of certain elements refers to percentages in mass.
- the method of producing a diamond drill bit per the invention by an infiltration process consequently notably comprises providing the steel powder to form the matrix. It is noted that while the steel powder comprises a nonzero proportion of iron, otherwise it would not be characterized as steel.
- the steel powder comprises a maximum of 99,6% iron. It has been determined that beyond this proportion, the diamond drill bit would become too ductile, and would be prone to deforming under use. In fact, it would then start to behave more like the pure iron sample shown at 54 than the steel sample shown at 52 in Figure 3.
- the steel powder also comprises at least 0,03 % carbon. This minimum is required for the steel to acquire the necessary hardness, and not be too ductile, for the intended purpose of being used as a matrix for a diamond drill bit in an infiltration process. Carbon concentration should not go beyond 2,14% however because beyond that point cast iron will be formed instead of steel.
- metals can be included in the matrix composition, for example one or more of the following metals: manganese, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, copper, nickel, chromium, aluminium, titanium, boron, molybdenum, vanadium, tungsten, and any other element that is known to be part of certain steels.
- the use of these metals, and others, to form steel with the iron and carbon is known in the art, and will be obvious for a metallurgist. It is further noted that the use of steel implicitly means that some of these metals can be used. In fact, if the upper threshold of 99,6% iron and the lower threshold of 0,03% carbon is used, then one or more other metals, including the above-mentioned metals or other metals, must be used. However, it is contemplated that the steel could be formed of only iron and carbon: then, the minimum proportion of carbon would have to be 0,4%, since the maximum portion of iron is 99,6%.
- the method includes the step of dispersing coated diamonds in the steel powder. This is known in the industry of producing diamond drill bits, and diamonds of known dimensions and coated with known compounds can be used.
- the method also comprises compressing the matrix comprising the steel powder and the coated diamond at a cold-compression temperature.
- This cold-compression temperature can be, for example, at room temperature, or any other suitable temperature that will be obvious for someone skilled in the art.
- the method comprises adding to the matrix an infiltrant alloy comprising copper and one of tin and silver, or both, as noted above, with possible additional metals as further noted above.
- the method also comprises heating the mixture of steel powder, coated diamonds and infiltrant alloy at a fusion temperature or more, for allowing the infiltrant alloy to melt, wherein the infiltrant alloy infiltrates the matrix and binds it.
- the fusion temperature will of course depend on the infltrant being used.
- the fusion temperature of some infiltrant alloys is for example 1000°C: in this exemplary case, the step of heating would then occur at 1000°C or more.
- the steel powder can be provided from fully formed steel, or it can be provided with the iron and carbon particles independently of one another to then produce the steel during the infiltration process. Carbon is then provided in the form of graphite, while the iron can be provided in the form of a ferrous-based powder that includes iron and, optionally, other metals as noted above.
- the method of the invention would then include, before the step of heating the mixture at the fusion temperature or more, the step of heating the mixture at a diffusion temperature that is at least equal to a diffusion temperature of the carbon in the iron but inferior to the fusion temperature of the infiltrant alloy for allowing the carbon to migrate into the iron to form steel particles.
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Abstract
Le trépan à diamants comprend une poudre d'acier comprenant du fer dans une proportion non nulle allant jusqu'à 99,6 % de fer et du carbone dans une proportion comprise entre 0,03 % et 2,14 %, des diamants enrobés imprégnés de la poudre d'acier, et un alliage d'infiltration métallique comprenant du cuivre, et de l'étain et/ou de l'argent. Le trépan à diamants est produit par un procédé d'infiltration qui consiste à utiliser la poudre d'acier de sorte à former la matrice ; à disperser des diamants enrobés dans la poudre d'acier ; à comprimer la matrice comprenant la poudre d'acier et les diamants enrobés à une température de compression à froid ; après la compression, à ajouter à la matrice un alliage infiltrant comprenant du cuivre et de l'étain et/ou d'argent ; et à chauffer le mélange de poudre d'acier, de diamants enrobés et d'alliage infiltrant à une température de fusion permettant à l'alliage infiltrant de fondre, l'alliage infiltrant s'infiltrant dans la matrice et liant celle-ci.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US16/493,195 US20200011139A1 (en) | 2017-03-14 | 2018-03-14 | Diamond drill bit and method of producing a diamond drill bit |
CA3056000A CA3056000A1 (fr) | 2017-03-14 | 2018-03-14 | Trepan a diamants et procede de production d'un trepan a diamants |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201762471142P | 2017-03-14 | 2017-03-14 | |
US62/471,142 | 2017-03-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2018165754A1 true WO2018165754A1 (fr) | 2018-09-20 |
Family
ID=63521786
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/CA2018/050305 WO2018165754A1 (fr) | 2017-03-14 | 2018-03-14 | Trépan à diamants et procédé de production d'un trépan à diamants |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20200011139A1 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA3056000A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2018165754A1 (fr) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111575590A (zh) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-08-25 | 江苏利淮钢铁有限公司 | 一种三牙轮钻头牙掌用钢及其制备方法 |
CN112322950A (zh) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-05 | 娄底市安地亚斯电子陶瓷有限公司 | 一种工业陶瓷雕刻用金刚石刀及其加工工艺 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115055927B (zh) * | 2022-07-01 | 2024-02-09 | 吉安富奇精密制造有限公司 | 一种高强度耐高温数控钻头的制备方法 |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2842718A1 (fr) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-09 | S-421 Holdings Ltd. | Alliage de foret |
US20120199402A1 (en) * | 2011-02-09 | 2012-08-09 | Longyear Tm, Inc. | Infiltrated diamond wear resistant bodies and tools |
US20150240566A1 (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-08-27 | Varel International Ind., L.P. | Manufacture of low cost bits by infiltration of metal powders |
WO2016064083A1 (fr) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-04-28 | 이화다이아몬드공업 주식회사 | Trépan de forage et son procédé de fabrication |
-
2018
- 2018-03-14 WO PCT/CA2018/050305 patent/WO2018165754A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2018-03-14 CA CA3056000A patent/CA3056000A1/fr active Pending
- 2018-03-14 US US16/493,195 patent/US20200011139A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CA2842718A1 (fr) * | 2010-08-06 | 2012-02-09 | S-421 Holdings Ltd. | Alliage de foret |
US20120199402A1 (en) * | 2011-02-09 | 2012-08-09 | Longyear Tm, Inc. | Infiltrated diamond wear resistant bodies and tools |
US20150240566A1 (en) * | 2014-02-21 | 2015-08-27 | Varel International Ind., L.P. | Manufacture of low cost bits by infiltration of metal powders |
WO2016064083A1 (fr) * | 2014-10-23 | 2016-04-28 | 이화다이아몬드공업 주식회사 | Trépan de forage et son procédé de fabrication |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN111575590A (zh) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-08-25 | 江苏利淮钢铁有限公司 | 一种三牙轮钻头牙掌用钢及其制备方法 |
CN112322950A (zh) * | 2020-11-13 | 2021-02-05 | 娄底市安地亚斯电子陶瓷有限公司 | 一种工业陶瓷雕刻用金刚石刀及其加工工艺 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US20200011139A1 (en) | 2020-01-09 |
CA3056000A1 (fr) | 2018-09-20 |
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