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WO2018166449A1 - 一种短路保护电路、电源适配器及移动终端 - Google Patents

一种短路保护电路、电源适配器及移动终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018166449A1
WO2018166449A1 PCT/CN2018/078872 CN2018078872W WO2018166449A1 WO 2018166449 A1 WO2018166449 A1 WO 2018166449A1 CN 2018078872 W CN2018078872 W CN 2018078872W WO 2018166449 A1 WO2018166449 A1 WO 2018166449A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
circuit
power adapter
voltage
current
output
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2018/078872
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨波
Original Assignee
广东欧珀移动通信有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201720247000.0U external-priority patent/CN206595696U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201710151543.7A external-priority patent/CN106849000B/zh
Application filed by 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司 filed Critical 广东欧珀移动通信有限公司
Publication of WO2018166449A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018166449A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H3/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection
    • H02H3/08—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current
    • H02H3/087—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for automatic disconnection directly responsive to an undesired change from normal electric working condition with or without subsequent reconnection ; integrated protection responsive to excess current for DC applications
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from AC mains by converters

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a short circuit protection circuit, a power adapter, and a mobile terminal.
  • the application of mobile terminals such as smart phones is becoming more and more widespread, and people in modern life are basically a mobile phone.
  • a power adapter At present, the outer casing of most mobile phones is a metal casing, and the metal casing is generally connected to the reference ground of the mobile phone.
  • the reference ground of the low voltage side inside the power adapter is connected with the reference ground of the mobile phone, that is, the inside of the power adapter is low.
  • the voltage side is connected to the metal casing of the mobile phone, and there is a high potential difference between the reference ground of the low voltage side inside the power adapter and the earth.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a short circuit protection circuit, a power adapter and a mobile terminal, which can prevent the risk of electric shock when the power adapter charges the mobile terminal.
  • a first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention discloses a short circuit protection circuit, which is applied to a power adapter, and the short circuit protection circuit includes a switching device, a control circuit, an acquisition circuit, a reference circuit, and a current transformer, wherein:
  • a first end of the switching device is connected to a high voltage reference ground of the power adapter, and a second end of the switching device is connected to a first end of a first capacitor of the power adapter through an input coil of the current transformer
  • the second end of the first capacitor is connected to the low voltage reference ground of the power adapter or the low voltage positive pole
  • the third end of the switching device is connected to the control end of the control circuit
  • the first detecting end of the control circuit Connecting an output end of the acquisition circuit, a first input end of the acquisition circuit is connected to one end of an output coil of the current transformer, and a second input end of the acquisition circuit is connected to an output coil of the current transformer One end, the second detecting end of the control circuit is connected to the output end of the reference circuit;
  • the control circuit is configured to compare a current of an output coil of the current transformer collected by the acquisition circuit with an operating current of the reference circuit, and a current of an output coil of the current transformer is greater than a reference circuit
  • a shutdown signal is output to the switching device when the current is applied to disconnect the switching device.
  • a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses a power adapter for charging a mobile terminal, where the power adapter includes a rectifier circuit, a high voltage circuit, a transformer, a low voltage circuit, and the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention.
  • Short circuit protection circuit where:
  • the rectifier circuit is configured to convert the input alternating current into a direct current output to the high voltage circuit
  • the high voltage circuit is configured to process the direct current output by the rectifier circuit and control an input high voltage of the transformer
  • the transformer converts the input high voltage into an output low voltage output to the low voltage circuit for voltage stabilization processing and rectification processing, and outputs the result to the mobile terminal.
  • a third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention discloses a mobile terminal, including a charging chip, a battery, and a main board.
  • the charging chip When charging the mobile terminal by using a power adapter, the charging chip is configured to receive a voltage input by the power adapter and The battery is charged.
  • the short circuit protection circuit in the embodiment of the invention comprises a switching device, a control circuit, an acquisition circuit, a reference circuit and a current transformer.
  • the control circuit is used for comparing the working current of the current transformer collected by the acquisition circuit with the working current of the reference circuit, and When the operating current of the current transformer is greater than the operating current of the reference circuit, the output is turned off to the switching device to disconnect the switching device.
  • the embodiment of the invention provides a short circuit protection circuit inside the power adapter, the short circuit protection circuit is used for detecting the current of the output coil of the current transformer, when the current transformer is detected When the current of the output coil is greater than the preset current value, the high voltage reference ground is disconnected from the low voltage reference ground or the low voltage positive pole to avoid the risk of electric shock to the mobile terminal.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a short circuit protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another short circuit protection circuit disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of still another mobile terminal disclosed in the implementation of the present invention.
  • references to "an embodiment” herein mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments can be included in at least one embodiment of the invention.
  • the appearances of the phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiments, and are not exclusive or alternative embodiments that are mutually exclusive. Those skilled in the art will understand and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.
  • the mobile terminal involved in the embodiments of the present invention may include various handheld devices having wireless communication functions, in-vehicle devices, wearable devices, computing devices, or other processing devices connected to the wireless modem, and various forms of user equipment (User Equipment, UE), mobile station (MS), terminal device, and the like.
  • UE User Equipment
  • MS mobile station
  • terminal device and the like.
  • the devices mentioned above are collectively referred to as mobile terminals.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a short circuit protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the short circuit protection circuit 10 includes a switching device 11, a control circuit 12, an acquisition circuit 13, and a reference circuit 14. And a current transformer 15, wherein:
  • the first end 111 of the switching device 11 is connected to the high voltage reference ground of the power adapter, and the second end 112 of the switching device 11 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1 of the power adapter through the input coil 51 of the current transformer 15, first The second end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the low voltage reference ground of the power adapter or the low voltage positive pole.
  • the third end 113 of the switching device 11 is connected to the control end 123 of the control circuit 12, and the first detecting end 121 of the control circuit 12 is connected to the output of the collecting circuit 13.
  • the first input end 131 of the collecting circuit 13 is connected to one end of the output coil 52 of the current transformer 15, and the second input end 133 of the collecting circuit 13 is connected to the other end of the output coil 52 of the current transformer 15.
  • the control circuit 12 is The second detecting end 122 is connected to the output end 141 of the reference circuit 14;
  • the control circuit 12 is configured to compare the current of the output coil 52 of the current transformer 15 collected by the acquisition circuit 13 with the operating current of the reference circuit 14, and output when the current of the output coil 52 of the current transformer 15 is greater than the operating current of the reference circuit 14. The signal is turned off to the switching device 11 to turn off the switching device 11.
  • the high-voltage reference ground refers to the neutral line of the mains connected to the power adapter.
  • the low-voltage reference ground refers to the reference ground of the DC voltage that is output to the mobile terminal after passing through the transformer.
  • the low voltage positive pole refers to the positive pole of the DC voltage that is output to the mobile terminal after passing through the transformer.
  • the current transformer 15 is used for current change, and can convert a large current (current of the input coil 51) into a small current (current of the output coil 52) according to a certain ratio, and is suitable for measuring an unknown large current scene, and the current transformer 15 is also Used for electrical isolation to protect other components in the power adapter from large currents.
  • the current of the output coil 52 of the current transformer 15 is the induced current generated by the output coil 52 measured by the current transformer 15 during operation.
  • the operating current of the reference circuit 14 is the current of the reference circuit 14 during operation.
  • the operating current of the reference circuit 14 can be set in advance.
  • the operating current of the reference circuit 14 is used as a reference current, and once set, it is generally a fixed value.
  • the short circuit protection circuit 10 in the embodiment of the present invention is for detecting the current between the high voltage reference ground of the power adapter and the low voltage reference ground.
  • a Y capacitor ie, the first capacitor C1 in FIG. 1
  • the Y capacitor is also called a safety capacitor for suppressing common mode interference. If there is a problem with the first capacitor C1, such as when the C1 is broken down, when the power adapter is used to charge the mobile terminal (such as a mobile phone), a short circuit occurs between the high voltage reference ground of the power adapter and the low voltage reference ground.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a short circuit protection circuit 10 between the high voltage reference ground of the power adapter and the low voltage reference ground for detecting the current between the low voltage reference ground inside the power adapter and the high voltage reference ground inside the power adapter (That is, the operating current of the current transformer 15), when it is detected that the operating current of the current transformer 15 is greater than the operating current of the reference circuit 14, disconnect the high voltage reference ground from the low voltage reference ground or the low voltage positive electrode to avoid electric shock from the mobile terminal. Danger. When using the power adapter to charge the mobile terminal, when detecting a large current inside the power adapter, disconnect the power supply in time to avoid the risk of electric shock and protect the user's personal safety.
  • the current transformer 15 is used for current change, and can convert a large current into a small current according to a certain ratio, and is suitable for measuring an unknown high current scene.
  • the current transformer 15 is also used for electrical isolation, and can protect other components in the power adapter. Not damaged by large currents.
  • the operating current of the current transformer 15 is the induced current measured during the operation of the current transformer 15.
  • the operating current of the reference circuit 14 is the current of the reference circuit 14 during operation.
  • the operating current of the reference circuit 14 can be set in advance.
  • the operating current of the reference circuit 14 is used as a reference current, and once set, it is generally a fixed value.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another short circuit protection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the short circuit protection circuit 10 includes a switching device 11, a control circuit 12, an acquisition circuit 13, and a reference. Circuit 14 and current transformer 15.
  • the first end 111 of the switching device 11 is connected to the high voltage reference ground of the power adapter, and the second end 112 of the switching device 11 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1 of the power adapter through the input coil 51 of the current transformer 15, the first capacitor The second end of the C1 is connected to the low voltage reference ground of the power adapter or the low voltage positive pole.
  • the third end 113 of the switching device 11 is connected to the control end 123 of the control circuit 12.
  • the first detecting end 121 of the control circuit 12 is connected to the output end of the collecting circuit 13.
  • the first input end 131 of the acquisition circuit 13 is connected to one end of the output coil 52 of the current transformer 15, and the second input end 133 of the acquisition circuit 13 is connected to the other end of the output coil 52 of the current transformer 15, the control circuit 12
  • the second detecting end 122 is connected to the output end 141 of the reference circuit 14;
  • the control circuit 12 is configured to compare the current of the output coil 52 of the current transformer 15 collected by the acquisition circuit 13 with the operating current of the reference circuit 14, and output when the current of the output coil 52 of the current transformer 15 is greater than the operating current of the reference circuit 14. The signal is turned off to the switching device 11 to turn off the switching device 11.
  • the control circuit 12 includes a voltage comparator U1.
  • the non-inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator U1 is connected to the output terminal 132 of the acquisition circuit 13.
  • the inverting input terminal of the voltage comparator U1 is connected to the output terminal 141 of the reference circuit 14, and the voltage comparator U1.
  • the output terminal 123 is connected to the third end 113 of the switching device 11.
  • the power supply terminal of the voltage comparator U1 is VDD, and the ground terminal of the voltage comparator U1 is connected to the ground terminal of the output coil 52 of the current transformer 15.
  • the switching device 11 includes a MOS transistor.
  • the gate of the MOS transistor is connected to the output end of the voltage comparator.
  • the first end of the MOS transistor is connected to the high voltage reference ground of the power adapter, and the second end of the MOS transistor.
  • One end of the input coil 51 of the current transformer 15 is connected, and the other end of the input coil 51 is connected to the first end of the first capacitor C1.
  • the MOS transistor is a PMOS transistor.
  • the collecting circuit 13 includes a sampling resistor R1.
  • the first end 132 of the sampling resistor R1 is connected to one end of the output coil 52 of the current transformer 15.
  • the second end 131 of the sampling resistor R1 is connected to the voltage comparator.
  • the output coil 52 of the current transformer 15 and the sampling resistor R1 form a closed loop.
  • the magnitude of the sampling resistor R1 can be set. For example, under normal conditions, the switching device 11 is in an on state, the induced current of the output coil 52 measured by the current transformer 15 is generally less than 0.5 mA, and the voltage of the reference circuit 14 is 1 V. , you can set the resistance R1 to 2000 ⁇ . When the induced current of the output coil 52 of the current transformer 15 is greater than 0.5 mA, the voltage comparator U1 controls the switching device 11 to be turned off to prevent an electric shock.
  • the voltage across the sampling resistor R1 is much larger than the voltage of the reference circuit 14, and the voltage comparator U1 outputs a high level.
  • the switching device PMOS transistor
  • control circuit 12 includes a voltage comparator.
  • control circuit may also include a current comparator for comparing the current on the sampling resistor R1 with the reference circuit 14 (eg, The current level of the reference current source).
  • the MOS transistor can also be an NMOS transistor.
  • the control circuit 12 includes a voltage comparator U1, the inverting input terminal 121 of the voltage comparator U1 is connected to the output terminal 132 of the acquisition circuit 13, and the non-inverting input terminal 122 of the voltage comparator U1 is connected to the reference circuit 14.
  • the output terminal 123 of the voltage comparator U1 is connected to the third terminal 113 of the switching device 11.
  • the switching device 11 includes a MOS transistor.
  • the gate of the MOS transistor is connected to the output terminal 123 of the voltage comparator.
  • the first end of the MOS transistor is connected to the high voltage reference ground of the power adapter, and the second end of the MOS transistor is connected to the input terminal of the current transformer.
  • the current transformer 15 includes a core 53, and the input coil 51 and the output coil 52 are wound around the iron core 53, respectively.
  • the number of turns of the input coil 51 is smaller than the number of turns of the output coil 52.
  • the output coil 52 when a current is generated in the input coil 51, the output coil 52 generates an induced current.
  • the current of the input coil 51 is smaller than the induced current of the output coil 52.
  • the current transformer 15 is used to isolate the high voltage reference ground from the low voltage reference ground or the low voltage positive pole.
  • the reference circuit 14 includes a reference voltage source.
  • the reference circuit 14 can include a reference current source and a reference resistor.
  • the voltage comparator U1 is configured to compare the voltage of R1 across the sampling resistor with the voltage of the reference voltage source, and output a shutdown signal to the switching device 11 when the voltage across the sampling resistor R1 is greater than the voltage of the reference voltage source, so that the switch Device 11 is disconnected.
  • the acquisition circuit 13 detects that the operating current of the current transformer 15 exceeds a certain value, the voltage input by the non-inverting input terminal 122 of the voltage comparator U1 is greater than the input of the inverting input terminal 121.
  • the output terminal 123 of the voltage and voltage comparator U1 outputs a high level to the gate of the PMOS transistor 113 to turn off the PMOS transistor, disconnecting the high voltage reference ground from the low voltage reference ground or the low voltage positive electrode, thereby preventing the electric shock. .
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a power adapter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the power adapter 100 is used to charge the mobile terminal 200.
  • the power adapter 100 includes a rectifier circuit 20 and a high voltage circuit 30.
  • the rectifier circuit 20 is for converting the input alternating current into a direct current output to the high voltage circuit 30, and the high voltage circuit 30 is for processing the direct current output from the rectifier circuit 20 and controlling the input high voltage of the transformer 40.
  • the transformer 40 converts the input high voltage into an output low voltage output to the low voltage circuit 50 for voltage stabilization processing and rectification processing, and outputs it to the mobile terminal 200.
  • the short circuit protection circuit 10 is configured to detect whether the power adapter 100 is short-circuited, and when the circuit adapter 100 is short-circuited, the short circuit in the power adapter 100 is controlled to be disconnected.
  • the short circuit in the power adapter 100 can include a short circuit between the high voltage reference ground and the low voltage reference ground or the low voltage positive pole.
  • the high voltage circuit 30 includes an inductor filter, a second capacitor, a power chip, and a switch tube.
  • the high voltage circuit is used to control the input of the transformer 40 to be a high voltage.
  • the transformer 40 is for converting a voltage from a high voltage to a multi-winding device of a low voltage output while supplying power to the short circuit protection circuit 10.
  • the low voltage circuit 50 may include a rectifying and filtering circuit, and the rectifying and filtering circuit may include a capacitor, a rectifying device, and the like.
  • the short circuit protection circuit 10 when the power adapter 100 is used to charge the mobile terminal 200, when the short circuit protection circuit 10 detects the short circuit phenomenon, the short circuit protection circuit 10 is turned off, and the power adapter 100 stops supplying power to the mobile terminal 200 to prevent electric shock. effect.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a mobile terminal according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mobile terminal 200 includes a charging chip 21, a battery 22, and a main board 23, and is moved when the power adapter 100 is used.
  • the charging chip 21 is for receiving the voltage input by the power adapter 100 and charging the battery 22.
  • the power adapter 100 includes the rectifier circuit 20, the high voltage circuit 30, the transformer 40, the low voltage circuit 50, and the short circuit protection circuit 10 shown in FIG.
  • the power adapter 100 when the power adapter 100 is used to charge the mobile terminal 200, when the power adapter 100 detects the short circuit phenomenon, the power adapter 100 is disconnected from the mobile terminal 200, and the power adapter 100 stops supplying power to the mobile terminal 200. Prevent the effects of electric shock.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of still another mobile terminal disclosed in the implementation of the present invention.
  • the mobile terminal can be any terminal device including a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a PDA (Personal Digital Assistant), a POS (Point of Sales), an in-vehicle computer, and the mobile terminal is used as a mobile phone as an example:
  • FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a partial structure of a mobile phone related to a mobile terminal provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the mobile phone includes: a radio frequency (RF) circuit 910, a memory 920, an input unit 930, a display unit 940, a sensor 950, an audio circuit 960, a wireless fidelity (WiFi) module 970, and a processor 980. And power supply 990 and other components.
  • RF radio frequency
  • the RF circuit 910 can be used for receiving and transmitting information.
  • RF circuit 910 includes, but is not limited to, an antenna, at least one amplifier, a transceiver, a coupler, a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), a duplexer, and the like.
  • LNA Low Noise Amplifier
  • RF circuitry 910 can also communicate with the network and other devices via wireless communication.
  • the above wireless communication may use any communication standard or protocol, including but not limited to Global System of Mobile communication (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Code Division Multiple Access (Code Division). Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), E-mail, Short Messaging Service (SMS), and the like.
  • GSM Global System of Mobile communication
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • CDMA Code Division Multiple Access
  • WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • E-mail Short Messaging Service
  • the memory 920 can be used to store software programs and modules, and the processor 980 executes various functional applications and data processing of the mobile phone by running software programs and modules stored in the memory 920.
  • the memory 920 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function, and the like; the storage data area may store data created according to usage of the mobile phone, and the like.
  • memory 920 can include high speed random access memory, and can also include non-volatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid state storage device.
  • the input unit 930 can be configured to receive input numeric or character information and to generate key signal inputs related to user settings and function controls of the handset.
  • the input unit 930 can include a fingerprint identification module 931 and other input devices 932.
  • the fingerprint identification module 931 can collect fingerprint data of the user.
  • the input unit 930 may also include other input devices 932.
  • other input devices 932 may include, but are not limited to, one or more of a touch screen, a physical keyboard, function keys (such as volume control buttons, switch buttons, etc.), trackballs, mice, joysticks, and the like.
  • the display unit 940 can be used to display information input by the user or information provided to the user as well as various menus of the mobile phone.
  • the display unit 940 can include a display screen 941.
  • the display screen 941 can be configured in the form of a liquid crystal display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), or the like.
  • the fingerprint recognition module 931 and the display screen 941 are used as two separate components to implement the input and input functions of the mobile phone, in some embodiments, the fingerprint recognition module 931 and the display screen 941 may be Integrated to achieve the input and playback functions of the phone.
  • the handset may also include at least one type of sensor 950, such as a light sensor, motion sensor, and other sensors.
  • the light sensor may include an ambient light sensor and a proximity sensor, wherein the ambient light sensor may adjust the brightness of the display screen 941 according to the brightness of the ambient light, and the proximity sensor may turn off the display screen 941 and/or when the mobile phone moves to the ear. Or backlight.
  • the accelerometer sensor can detect the magnitude of acceleration in all directions (usually three axes). When it is stationary, it can detect the magnitude and direction of gravity.
  • the mobile phone can be used to identify the gesture of the mobile phone (such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, related Game, magnetometer attitude calibration), vibration recognition related functions (such as pedometer, tapping), etc.; as for the mobile phone can also be configured with gyroscopes, barometers, hygrometers, thermometers, infrared sensors and other sensors, no longer Narration.
  • the gesture of the mobile phone such as horizontal and vertical screen switching, related Game, magnetometer attitude calibration
  • vibration recognition related functions such as pedometer, tapping
  • the mobile phone can also be configured with gyroscopes, barometers, hygrometers, thermometers, infrared sensors and other sensors, no longer Narration.
  • An audio circuit 960, a speaker 961, and a microphone 962 can provide an audio interface between the user and the handset.
  • the audio circuit 960 can transmit the converted electrical data of the received audio data to the speaker 961 for conversion to the sound signal by the speaker 961; on the other hand, the microphone 962 converts the collected sound signal into an electrical signal by the audio circuit 960. After receiving, it is converted into audio data, and then processed by the audio data playback processor 980, sent to the other mobile phone via the RF circuit 910, or played back to the memory 920 for further processing.
  • WiFi is a short-range wireless transmission technology
  • the mobile phone can help users to send and receive emails, browse web pages, and access streaming media through the WiFi module 970, which provides users with wireless broadband Internet access.
  • FIG. 5 shows the WiFi module 970, it can be understood that it does not belong to the essential configuration of the mobile phone, and may be omitted as needed within the scope of not changing the essence of the invention.
  • the processor 980 is the control center of the handset, which connects various portions of the entire handset using various interfaces and lines, by executing or executing software programs and/or modules stored in the memory 920, and invoking data stored in the memory 920, executing The phone's various functions and processing data, so that the overall monitoring of the phone.
  • the processor 980 may include one or more processing units; preferably, the processor 980 may integrate an application processor and a modem processor, where the application processor mainly processes an operating system, a user interface, an application, and the like.
  • the modem processor primarily handles wireless communications. It will be appreciated that the above described modem processor may also not be integrated into the processor 980.
  • the handset also includes a power source 990 (such as a battery) that supplies power to the various components.
  • a power source 990 such as a battery
  • the power source can be logically coupled to the processor 980 through a power management system to manage functions such as charging, discharging, and power management through the power management system.
  • the mobile phone may further include a camera, a Bluetooth module, and the like, and details are not described herein again.
  • the disclosed apparatus may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative.
  • the division of the unit is only a logical function division.
  • there may be another division manner for example, multiple units or components may be combined or may be Integrate into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, and may be electrical or otherwise.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the above integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

一种短路保护电路(10)、电源适配器及移动终端，该短路保护电路包括开关器件(11)、控制电路(12)、采集电路(13)、基准电路(14)以及电流互感器(15)，其中：开关器件(11)的第一端(111)连接电源适配器的高压参考地端，开关器件(11)的第二端(112)通过电流互感器(15)的输入线圈(51)连接电源适配器的第一电容(C1)的第一端，第一电容(C1)的第二端连接电源适配器的低压参考地端或者低压正极，开关器件(11)的第三端(113)连接控制电路(12)的控制端(123)，控制电路(12)的第一检测端(121)连接采集电路(13)的输出端(132)，采集电路(13)的第一输入端(131)连接电流互感器(15)的输出线圈(52)的一端，采集电路(13)的第二输入端(133)连接电流互感器(15)的输出线圈(52)的另一端，控制电路(12)的第二检测端(122)连接基准电路(14)的输出端(141)。该短路保护电路、电源适配器及移动终端可以在电源适配器对移动终端充电时，防止出现触电危险。

Description

一种短路保护电路、电源适配器及移动终端 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域，具体涉及一种短路保护电路、电源适配器及移动终端。
背景技术
智能手机等移动终端的应用越来越广泛，现代生活人们基本上已是人手一台手机。目前，许多手机都可以通过电源适配器进行充电。目前多数手机的外壳为金属外壳，而且金属外壳一般与手机参考地相接，电源适配器对手机充电时，电源适配器内部的低电压侧的参考地与手机参考地连接，也即电源适配器内部的低电压侧与手机金属外壳连接，而电源适配器内部的低电压侧的参考地与大地之间存在较高的电位差，当用户站在地上接触手机金属外壳时，大地电压就会通过人体传到充电器低电压参考地。然而，一旦电源适配器内部的低压参考地与电源适配器内部的高电压参考地之间存在电流，该电流就会通过人体导电，导致触电危险。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种短路保护电路、电源适配器及移动终端，可以在电源适配器对移动终端充电时，防止出现触电危险。
本发明实施例第一方面公开一种短路保护电路，应用于电源适配器，所述短路保护电路包括开关器件、控制电路、采集电路、基准电路以及电流互感器，其中：
所述开关器件的第一端连接所述电源适配器的高压参考地端，所述开关器件的第二端通过所述电流互感器的的输入线圈连接所述电源适配器的第一电容的第一端，所述第一电容的第二端连接所述电源适配器的低压参考地端或者低压正极，所述开关器件的第三端连接所述控制电路的控制端，所述控制电路的第一检测端连接所述采集电路的输出端，所述采集电路的第一输入端连接所述电流互感器的输出线圈的一端，所述采集电路的第二输入端连接所述电流互 感器的输出线圈的另一端，所述控制电路的第二检测端连接所述基准电路的输出端；
所述控制电路用于比较所述采集电路采集的所述电流互感器的输出线圈的电流与所述基准电路的工作电流，并在所述电流互感器的输出线圈的电流大于所述基准电路的工作电流时输出关断信号至所述开关器件，以使所述开关器件断开。
本发明实施例第二方面公开一种电源适配器，所述电源适配器用于给移动终端充电，所述电源适配器包括整流电路、高压电路、变压器、低压电路以及本发明实施例第一方面所描述的短路保护电路，其中：
所述整流电路用于将输入的交流电转换为直流电输出给所述高压电路，所述高压电路用于将所述整流电路输出的直流电进行处理并控制所述变压器的输入高电压，
所述变压器将所述输入高电压转换为输出低电压输出给所述低压电路进行稳压处理与整流处理后输出给所述移动终端。
本发明实施例第三方面公开一种移动终端，包括充电芯片、电池以及主板，当采用电源适配器对所述移动终端充电时，所述充电芯片用于接收所述电源适配器输入的电压并为所述电池充电。
本发明实施例中的短路保护电路包括开关器件、控制电路、采集电路、基准电路以及电流互感器，控制电路用于比较采集电路采集的电流互感器的工作电流与基准电路的工作电流，并在电流互感器的工作电流大于基准电路的工作电流时输出关断信号至开关器件，以使开关器件断开。为了在电源适配器对移动终端充电时，防止出现触电危险，本发明实施例在电源适配器内部设置短路保护电路，该短路保护电路用于检测电流互感器的输出线圈的电流，当检测到电流互感器的输出线圈的电流大于预设电流值时，将高压参考地与低压参考地或者低压正极之间断开连接，避免移动终端出现触电危险。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述 中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例公开的一种短路保护电路的结构示意图；
图2是本发明实施例公开的另一种短路保护电路的结构示意图；
图3是本发明实施例公开的一种电源适配器的结构示意图；
图4是本发明实施例公开的一种移动终端的结构示意图；
图5是本发明实施公开的又一种移动终端的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别不同对象，而不是用于描述特定顺序。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及它们任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含。例如包含了一系列步骤或单元的过程、系统、产品或设备没有限定于已列出的步骤或单元，而是可选地还包括没有列出的步骤或单元，或可选地还包括对于这些过程、产品或设备固有的其他步骤或单元。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着，结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本发明的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例，也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是，本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
本发明实施例所涉及到的移动终端可以包括各种具有无线通信功能的手持设备、车载设备、可穿戴设备、计算设备或连接到无线调制解调器的其他处理设备，以及各种形式的用户设备(User Equipment，UE)，移动台(Mobile Station，MS)，终端设备(terminal device)等等。为方便描述，上面提到的设 备统称为移动终端。
下面对本发明实施例进行详细介绍。
请参阅图1，图1是本发明实施例公开的一种短路保护电路的结构示意图，如图1所示，该短路保护电路10包括开关器件11、控制电路12、采集电路13、基准电路14以及电流互感器15，其中：
开关器件11的第一端111连接电源适配器的高压参考地端，开关器件11的第二端112连接通过电流互感器15的输入线圈51连接电源适配器的第一电容C1的第一端，第一电容C1的第二端连接电源适配器的低压参考地端或者低压正极，开关器件11的第三端113连接控制电路12的控制端123，控制电路12的第一检测端121连接采集电路13的输出端132，采集电路13的第一输入端131连接电流互感器15的输出线圈52的一端，采集电路13的第二输入端133连接电流互感器15的输出线圈52的另一端，控制电路12的第二检测端122连接基准电路14的输出端141；
控制电路12用于比较采集电路13采集的电流互感器15的输出线圈52的电流与基准电路14的工作电流，并在电流互感器15的输出线圈52的电流大于基准电路14的工作电流时输出关断信号至开关器件11，以使开关器件11断开。
其中，高压参考地，指的是电源适配器接入的市电的零线。低压参考地，指的是经过变压器后输出至移动终端的直流电压的参考地。低压正极，指的是经过变压器后输出至移动终端的直流电压的正极。
电流互感器15用于电流变化，可以将大电流(输入线圈51的电流)按照一定比例转换为小电流(输出线圈52的电流)，适用于测量未知的大电流的场景，电流互感器15还用于电气隔离，可以保护电源适配器内的其他元器件不受到大电流的损坏。
电流互感器15的输出线圈52的电流，即为电流互感器15在工作过程中测得的输出线圈52产生的感应电流。基准电路14的工作电流，即为基准电路14在工作时的电流。其中，基准电路14的工作电流可以预先进行设定。基准电路14的工作电流作为参考电流，一旦设定之后，一般为固定值。
本发明实施例中的短路保护电路10用于检测电源适配器的高压参考地端 与低压参考地端之间的电流。一般而言，电源适配器的高压参考地端与低压参考地端之间会串联Y电容(即图1中的第一电容C1)，Y电容也称为安规电容，用于抑制共模干扰。如果第一电容C1存在问题，例如在C1被击穿的情况下，使用电源适配器对移动终端(例如手机)充电时，电源适配器的高压参考地端与低压参考地端之间会出现短接，电源适配器内部的低压参考地与电源适配器内部的高电压参考地之间存在高电流，由于电源适配器内部的低电压侧与移动终端的金属外壳连接，此时电源适配器内部的低电压侧的参考地与大地之间存在较高的电位差，当用户站在地上接触手机金属外壳时，该高电流会通过人体导电，导致触电危险。
本发明实施例通过在电源适配器的高压参考地端与低压参考地端之间设置短路保护电路10，用于检测电源适配器内部的低压参考地与电源适配器内部的高电压参考地之间的电流(即电流互感器15的工作电流)，当检测到电流互感器15的工作电流大于基准电路14的工作电流时，将高压参考地与低压参考地或者低压正极之间断开连接，避免移动终端出现触电危险。可以在使用电源适配器对移动终端进行充电时，检测到电源适配器内部出现大电流时，及时断开电源，避免出现触电危险，保护用户人身安全。
电流互感器15用于电流变化，可以将大电流按照一定比例转换为小电流，适用于测量未知的大电流的场景，电流互感器15还用于电气隔离，可以保护电源适配器内的其他元器件不受到大电流的损坏。
电流互感器15的工作电流，即为电流互感器15工作过程中测得的感应电流。基准电路14的工作电流，即为基准电路14在工作时的电流。其中，基准电路14的工作电流可以预先进行设定。基准电路14的工作电流作为参考电流，一旦设定之后，一般为固定值。如图2所示，图2是本发明实施例公开的另一种短路保护电路的结构示意图，如图2所示，该短路保护电路10包括开关器件11、控制电路12、采集电路13、基准电路14以及电流互感器15。
开关器件11的第一端111连接电源适配器的高压参考地端，开关器件11的第二端112通过电流互感器15的输入线圈51连接电源适配器的第一电容C1的第一端，第一电容C1的第二端连接电源适配器的低压参考地端或者低压正极，开关器件11的第三端113连接控制电路12的控制端123，控制电路12 的第一检测端121连接采集电路13的输出端132，采集电路13的第一输入端131连接电流互感器15的输出线圈52的一端，采集电路13的第二输入端133连接电流互感器15的输出线圈52的另一端，控制电路12的第二检测端122连接基准电路14的输出端141；
控制电路12用于比较采集电路13采集的电流互感器15的输出线圈52的电流与基准电路14的工作电流，并在电流互感器15的输出线圈52的电流大于基准电路14的工作电流时输出关断信号至开关器件11，以使开关器件11断开。
其中，控制电路12包括电压比较器U1，电压比较器U1的同相输入端连接采集电路13的输出端132，电压比较器U1的反相输入端连接基准电路14的输出端141，电压比较器U1的输出端123连接开关器件11的第三端113。
其中，电压比较器U1的的供电端为VDD，电压比较器U1的接地端与电流互感器15的输出线圈52的接地端相连。
可选的，如图2所示，开关器件11包括MOS管，MOS管的栅极连接电压比较器的输出端，MOS管的第一端连接电源适配器的高压参考地端，MOS管的第二端连接电流互感器15的输入线圈51的一端，输入线圈51的另一端连接第一电容C1的第一端。
可选的，如图2所示，MOS管为PMOS管。
可选的，如图2所示，采集电路13包括采样电阻R1，采样电阻R1的第一端132连接电流互感器15的输出线圈52的一端，采样电阻R1的第二端131连接电压比较器U1的同相输入端和电流互感器15的输出线圈52的另一端。其中，电流互感器15的输出线圈52与采样电阻R1组成闭合回路。可以设置采样电阻R1的大小，例如，在正常情况下，开关器件11处于导通状态，电流互感器15测得的输出线圈52的感应电流一般小于0.5mA，基准电路14的电压为1V，则，可以设置电阻R1为2000Ω。当电流互感器15的输出线圈52的感应电流大于0.5mA时，电压比较器U1控制开关器件11断开，防止出现触电现象。
当电源适配器内部的低压参考地与电源适配器内部的高电压参考地之间短路时，电压比较器U1比较采样电阻R1两端的电压会远大于基准电路14的 电压，电压比较器U1输出高电平到开关器件(PMOS管)11，以使开关器件11断开(即PMOS管截止)，即可以断开电源适配器与移动终端的连接，防止出现触电现象。
图2仅以控制电路12包括电压比较器的情况为例，在其他的实施方式中，控制电路也可以包括电流比较器，电流比较器用于比较采样电阻R1上的电流与基准电路14(例如，基准电流源)的电流大小。
在一种可行的实施方式中，该MOS管也可以为NMOS管。此时，连接关系，如下：控制电路12包括电压比较器U1，电压比较器U1的反相输入端121连接采集电路13的输出端132，电压比较器U1的同相输入端122连接基准电路14的输出端141，电压比较器U1的输出端123连接开关器件11的第三端113。开关器件11包括MOS管，MOS管的栅极连接电压比较器的输出端123，MOS管的第一端连接电源适配器的高压参考地端，MOS管的第二端连接电流互感器的输入端。
可选的，如图2所示，电流互感器15包括铁芯53，输入线圈51和输出线圈52分别缠绕在铁芯53上。
其中，输入线圈51的匝数小于输出线圈52的匝数。
其中，当输入线圈51中产生电流时，输出线圈52产生感应电流。
其中，输入线圈51的电流小于输出线圈52的感应电流。
其中，电流互感器15用于隔离高压参考地与低压参考地或者低压正极。
可选的，如图2所示，基准电路14包括基准电压源，当然，在其他可行的实施方式中，基准电路14可以包括基准电流源与基准电阻。
其中，电压比较器U1用于比较采样电阻两端R1的电压与基准电压源的电压，并在采样电阻R1两端的电压大于基准电压源的电压时输出关断信号至开关器件11，以使开关器件11断开。
在图2所示的短路保护电路10中，当采集电路13检测到电流互感器15的工作电流超过一定值时，电压比较器U1的同相输入端122输入的电压大于反相输入端121输入的电压，电压比较器U1的输出端123输出高电平到PMOS管113的栅极，以使PMOS管截止，将高压参考地与低压参考地或者低压正极之间断开连接，起到防止触电的作用。
请参阅图3，图3是本发明实施例公开的一种电源适配器的结构示意图，如图3所示，电源适配器100用于给移动终端200充电，电源适配器100包括整流电路20、高压电路30、变压器40、低压电路50以及图2所示的短路保护电路10，其中：
整流电路20用于将输入的交流电转换为直流电输出给高压电路30，高压电路30用于将整流电路20输出的直流电进行处理并控制变压器40的输入高电压。
变压器40将输入高电压转换为输出低电压输出给低压电路50进行稳压处理与整流处理后输出给移动终端200。
其中，短路保护电路10用于检测电源适配器100是否出现短路，以及在电路适配器100出现短路时，控制电源适配器100内的短路回路断开。电源适配器100内的短路回路可以包括高压参考地与低压参考地或低压正极之间的短路回路。
其中，高压电路30包括电感滤波器、第二电容、电源芯片以及开关管，高压电路用于控制变压器40的输入为高电压。
变压器40，用于把电压由高压转换成低电压输出的多绕组器件，同时向短路保护电路10提供电源。
低压电路50可以包括整流滤波电路，整流滤波电路可以包括电容，整流等器件。
本发明实施例中，使用电源适配器100对移动终端200充电时，当短路保护电路10检测到短路现象时，短路保护电路10断开，电源适配器100停止为移动终端200供电，起到防止触电的作用。
请参阅图4，图4是本发明实施例公开的一种移动终端的结构示意图，如图4所示，该移动终端200包括充电芯片21、电池22以及主板23，当采用电源适配器100对移动终端200充电时，充电芯片21用于接收电源适配器100输入的电压并为电池22充电。
其中，电源适配器100包括图3所示的整流电路20、高压电路30、变压器40、低压电路50以及短路保护电路10。
本发明实施例中，使用电源适配器100对移动终端200充电时，当电源适 配器100检测到短路现象时，电源适配器100与移动终端200断开连接，电源适配器100停止为移动终端200供电，起到防止触电的作用。
本发明实施例还提供了另一种移动终端，如图5所示，图5是本发明实施公开的又一种移动终端的结构示意图。为了便于说明，仅示出了与本发明实施例相关的部分。该移动终端可以为包括手机、平板电脑、PDA(Personal Digital Assistant，个人数字助理)、POS(Point of Sales，销售终端)、车载电脑等任意终端设备，以移动终端为手机为例：
图5示出的是与本发明实施例提供的移动终端相关的手机的部分结构的框图。参考图5，手机包括：射频(Radio Frequency，RF)电路910、存储器920、输入单元930、显示单元940、传感器950、音频电路960、无线保真(Wireless Fidelity，WiFi)模块970、处理器980、以及电源990等部件。本领域技术人员可以理解，图5中示出的手机结构并不构成对手机的限定，可以包括比图示更多或更少的部件，或者组合某些部件，或者不同的部件布置。
下面结合图5对手机的各个构成部件进行具体的介绍：
RF电路910可用于信息的接收和发送。通常，RF电路910包括但不限于天线、至少一个放大器、收发信机、耦合器、低噪声放大器(Low Noise Amplifier，LNA)、双工器等。此外，RF电路910还可以通过无线通信与网络和其他设备通信。上述无线通信可以使用任一通信标准或协议，包括但不限于全球移动通讯系统(Global System of Mobile communication，GSM)、通用分组无线服务(General Packet Radio Service，GPRS)、码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA)、宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access,WCDMA)、长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)、电子邮件、短消息服务(Short Messaging Service，SMS)等。
存储器920可用于存储软件程序以及模块，处理器980通过运行存储在存储器920的软件程序以及模块，从而执行手机的各种功能应用以及数据处理。存储器920可主要包括存储程序区和存储数据区，其中，存储程序区可存储操作系统、至少一个功能所需的应用程序等；存储数据区可存储根据手机的使用所创建的数据等。此外，存储器920可以包括高速随机存取存储器，还可以包括非易失性存储器，例如至少一个磁盘存储器件、闪存器件、或其他易失性固 态存储器件。
输入单元930可用于接收输入的数字或字符信息，以及产生与手机的用户设置以及功能控制有关的键信号输入。具体地，输入单元930可包括指纹识别模组931以及其他输入设备932。指纹识别模组931，可采集用户在其上的指纹数据。除了指纹识别模组931，输入单元930还可以包括其他输入设备932。具体地，其他输入设备932可以包括但不限于触控屏、物理键盘、功能键(比如音量控制按键、开关按键等)、轨迹球、鼠标、操作杆等中的一种或多种。
显示单元940可用于显示由用户输入的信息或提供给用户的信息以及手机的各种菜单。显示单元940可包括显示屏941，可选的，可以采用液晶显示器(Liquid Crystal Display，LCD)、有机发光二极管(Organic Light-Emitting Diode,OLED)等形式来配置显示屏941。虽然在图5中，指纹识别模组931与显示屏941是作为两个独立的部件来实现手机的输入和输入功能，但是在某些实施例中，可以将指纹识别模组931与显示屏941集成而实现手机的输入和播放功能。
手机还可包括至少一种传感器950，比如光传感器、运动传感器以及其他传感器。具体地，光传感器可包括环境光传感器及接近传感器，其中，环境光传感器可根据环境光线的明暗来调节显示屏941的亮度，接近传感器可在手机移动到耳边时，关闭显示屏941和/或背光。作为运动传感器的一种，加速计传感器可检测各个方向上(一般为三轴)加速度的大小，静止时可检测出重力的大小及方向，可用于识别手机姿态的应用(比如横竖屏切换、相关游戏、磁力计姿态校准)、振动识别相关功能(比如计步器、敲击)等；至于手机还可配置的陀螺仪、气压计、湿度计、温度计、红外线传感器等其他传感器，在此不再赘述。
音频电路960、扬声器961，传声器962可提供用户与手机之间的音频接口。音频电路960可将接收到的音频数据转换后的电信号，传输到扬声器961，由扬声器961转换为声音信号播放；另一方面，传声器962将收集的声音信号转换为电信号，由音频电路960接收后转换为音频数据，再将音频数据播放处理器980处理后，经RF电路910以发送给比如另一手机，或者将音频数据播放至存储器920以便进一步处理。
WiFi属于短距离无线传输技术，手机通过WiFi模块970可以帮助用户收发电子邮件、浏览网页和访问流式媒体等，它为用户提供了无线的宽带互联网访问。虽然图5示出了WiFi模块970，但是可以理解的是，其并不属于手机的必须构成，完全可以根据需要在不改变发明的本质的范围内而省略。
处理器980是手机的控制中心，利用各种接口和线路连接整个手机的各个部分，通过运行或执行存储在存储器920内的软件程序和/或模块，以及调用存储在存储器920内的数据，执行手机的各种功能和处理数据，从而对手机进行整体监控。可选的，处理器980可包括一个或多个处理单元；优选的，处理器980可集成应用处理器和调制解调处理器，其中，应用处理器主要处理操作系统、用户界面和应用程序等，调制解调处理器主要处理无线通信。可以理解的是，上述调制解调处理器也可以不集成到处理器980中。
手机还包括给各个部件供电的电源990(比如电池)，优选的，电源可以通过电源管理系统与处理器980逻辑相连，从而通过电源管理系统实现管理充电、放电、以及功耗管理等功能。
尽管未示出，手机还可以包括摄像头、蓝牙模块等，在此不再赘述。
在上述实施例中，对各个实施例的描述都各有侧重，某个实施例中没有详述的部分，可以参见其他实施例的相关描述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的装置，可通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本发明各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中， 也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。上述集成的单元既可以采用硬件的形式实现，也可以采用软件功能单元的形式实现。
以上对本发明实施例进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本发明的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种短路保护电路，应用于电源适配器，其特征在于，所述短路保护电路包括开关器件、控制电路、采集电路、基准电路以及电流互感器，其中：
    所述开关器件的第一端连接所述电源适配器的高压参考地端，所述开关器件的第二端通过所述电流互感器的输入线圈连接所述电源适配器的第一电容的第一端，所述第一电容的第二端连接所述电源适配器的低压参考地端或者低压正极，所述开关器件的第三端连接所述控制电路的控制端，所述控制电路的第一检测端连接所述采集电路的输出端，所述采集电路的第一输入端连接所述电流互感器的输出线圈的一端，所述采集电路的第二输入端连接所述电流互感器的输出线圈的另一端，所述控制电路的第二检测端连接所述基准电路的输出端；
    所述控制电路用于比较所述采集电路采集的所述电流互感器的输出线圈的电流与所述基准电路的工作电流，并在所述电流互感器的输出线圈的电流大于所述基准电路的工作电流时输出关断信号至所述开关器件，以使所述开关器件断开。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的短路保护电路，其特征在于，所述控制电路包括电压比较器，所述电压比较器的同相输入端连接所述采集电路的输出端，所述电压比较器的反相输入端连接所述基准电路的输出端，所述电压比较器的输出端连接所述开关器件的第三端。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的短路保护电路，其特征在于，所述开关器件包括MOS管，所述MOS管的栅极连接所述电压比较器的输出端，所述MOS管的第一端连接所述电源适配器的高压参考地端，所述MOS管的第二端连接所述电流互感器的输入线圈的一端，所述输入线圈的另一端连接所述第一电容的第一端。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的短路保护电路，其特征在于，所述MOS管为 PMOS管。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的短路保护电路，其特征在于，所述MOS管为NMOS管。
  6. 根据权利要求2-5任一项所述的短路保护电路，其特征在于，所述电流互感器还包括铁芯，所述输入线圈和所述输出线圈分别缠绕在所述铁芯上。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的短路保护电路，其特征在于，所述输入线圈的匝数小于所述输出线圈的匝数。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的短路保护电路，其特征在于，当所述输入线圈中产生电流时，所述输出线圈产生感应电流。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的短路保护电路，其特征在于，所述输入线圈的电流小于所述输出线圈的感应电流。
  10. 根据权利要求6-9任一项所述的短路保护电路，其特征在于，所述电流互感器用于隔离所述高压参考地与所述低压参考地或者所述低压正极。
  11. 根据权利要求6-9所述的短路保护电路，其特征在于，所述采集电路包括采样电阻，所述采样电阻的第一端连接所述电流互感器的输出线圈的一端，所述采样电阻的第二端连接所述电压比较器的同相输入端和所述电流互感器的输出线圈的另一端。
  12. 根据权利要求2-11任一项所述的短路保护电路，其特征在于，所述基准电路包括基准电压源。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的短路保护电路，其特征在于，所述电压比较 器用于比较所述采样电阻两端的电压与所述基准电压源的电压，并在所述采样电阻两端的电压大于所述基准电压源的电压时输出关断信号至所述开关器件，以使所述开关器件断开。
  14. 根据权利要求2-12任一项所述的短路保护电路，其特征在于，所述基准电路包括基准电流源与基准电阻。
  15. 一种电源适配器，其特征在于，所述电源适配器用于给移动终端充电，所述电源适配器包括整流电路、高压电路、变压器、低压电路以及如权利要求1-14任一项所述的短路保护电路，其中：
    所述整流电路用于将输入的交流电转换为直流电输出给所述高压电路，所述高压电路用于将所述整流电路输出的直流电进行处理并控制所述变压器的输入高电压，
    所述变压器将所述输入高电压转换为输出低电压输出给所述低压电路进行稳压处理与整流处理后输出给所述移动终端。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述短路保护电路用于检测所述电源适配器是否出现短路，以及在所述电路适配器出现短路时，控制所述电源适配器内的短路回路断开。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述高压电路包括电感滤波器、第二电容、电源芯片以及开关管，所述高压电路用于控制所述变压器的输入为高电压。
  18. 根据权利要求15所述的电源适配器，其特征在于，所述低压电路包括整流滤波电路。
  19. 一种移动终端，其特征在于，包括充电芯片、电池以及主板，当采用电源适配器对所述移动终端充电时，所述充电芯片用于接收所述电源适配器输 入的电压并为所述电池充电。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的移动终端，其特征在于，所述电源适配器包括整流电路、高压电路、变压器、低压电路以及如权利要求1-14任一项所述的短路保护电路。
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