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WO2018168266A1 - Fibre multicœur - Google Patents

Fibre multicœur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018168266A1
WO2018168266A1 PCT/JP2018/004228 JP2018004228W WO2018168266A1 WO 2018168266 A1 WO2018168266 A1 WO 2018168266A1 JP 2018004228 W JP2018004228 W JP 2018004228W WO 2018168266 A1 WO2018168266 A1 WO 2018168266A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mode
core
cores
core fiber
interval
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Application number
PCT/JP2018/004228
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
翔太 斉藤
竹永　勝宏
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株式会社フジクラ
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Publication date
Application filed by 株式会社フジクラ filed Critical 株式会社フジクラ
Priority to JP2018512438A priority Critical patent/JP6503513B2/ja
Publication of WO2018168266A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018168266A1/fr

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a multi-core fiber.
  • This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2017-051904 filed in Japan on March 16, 2017, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • a plurality of modes are propagated in one core, and a signal is placed in each mode.
  • MCF multi-core fiber
  • the number mode fiber is disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1, for example.
  • the MCF is broadly divided into a non-coupled MCF in which each core independently transmits information, and each core (mode) forms a super mode, and information is stored in each super mode.
  • C-MCF Coupled Multicore fiber
  • the C-MCF is one of mode division multiplexing (MDM) transmission fibers as disclosed in Non-Patent Documents 2 and 3, for example.
  • FMF and C-MCF a plurality of modes are propagated to one core.
  • the 2LP mode information is transmitted in three modes of LP 01 , LP 11a and LP 11b .
  • the degenerate modes such as LP 11a and LP 11b are easily mixed due to structural fluctuations in the fiber and disturbances such as torsion and bending applied to the fiber, and thus are not properly identified on the receiving side.
  • digital signal processing such as MIMO (Multiple-input and Multiple-output) is preferably performed, and mixed modes are separated and received.
  • Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a number-mode multi-core fiber in which four cores are arranged in a circle and each core can propagate two LP modes, LP 01 and LP 11 .
  • Non-Patent Document 1 it is possible to suppress the coupling between two LP 11 modes by omitting one LP 11 mode which is degenerated by making the core shape an ellipse and omitting the MIMO processing. It is disclosed.
  • the super mode is not formed.
  • Non-Patent Document 2 by using a coupled MCF in which adjacent cores are arranged at equal intervals, a super mode is formed by adjusting the pitch and arrangement of each core, and DGD of each mode is suppressed.
  • Non-Patent Document 3 discloses a four-core long-distance transmission multi-core fiber (CC-MCF).
  • each mode reduces DGD of a plurality of modes propagating in CC-MCF, reduces the number of taps of MIMO processing calculated with an 8 ⁇ 8 matrix (reducing processing load) Is disclosed.
  • the core that forms the super mode in short-distance transmission can omit the MIMO processing, and mode separation is easy with MIMO processing for a plurality of super modes in long-distance transmission.
  • the structure of the core is not fully disclosed.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described circumstances, and it is possible to omit a MIMO process in short-distance transmission, or a coupled multicore fiber that can be easily mode-separated by MIMO process in long-distance transmission. provide.
  • a first aspect of the present invention is a multi-fiber comprising a plurality of cores arranged in a matrix of m rows ⁇ n columns (m and n are integers of 2 or more) in a cross section in the longitudinal direction of the optical fiber.
  • the distance between two cores adjacent to each other in the column direction is wider than the distance between two cores adjacent to each other in the row direction, and light propagating through the cores in both the row direction and the column direction is stronger. It is configured to combine to form a super mode.
  • the interval between cores adjacent to each other in the row direction may be substantially constant.
  • the interval between cores adjacent to each other in the column direction may be substantially constant.
  • the plurality of cores arranged in a matrix of m rows ⁇ n columns have substantially the same structure. May be.
  • the plurality of cores arranged in a matrix of m rows ⁇ n columns in a predetermined transmission wavelength band.
  • Each may be configured to operate in a single mode.
  • a multicore fiber according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein the propagation constant of the highest supermode that can be transmitted and the refractive index difference of the cladding in a predetermined transmission wavelength band. May be configured to be 0.0005 or more.
  • a difference in propagation constant between mode groups used for transmission is 0.0005 or more in a predetermined transmission wavelength band. It may be configured to be.
  • an interval between cores adjacent to each other in the column direction is equal to an interval between cores adjacent to each other in the row direction. May be approximately ⁇ 3 times.
  • n 2 in the multicore fiber according to any one of the first, third to eighth aspects.
  • An eleventh aspect of the present invention is the multicore fiber according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, wherein the multifiber according to the aspect has m rows ⁇ n columns (m and n are integers of 2 or more). There may be a plurality of regions in which the plurality of cores arranged in a matrix are formed, and the plurality of regions may be arranged such that light propagating through the respective regions is uncoupled.
  • a coupled multi-core fiber that can omit the MIMO processing in short-distance transmission. Or, in long-distance transmission, a coupled multi-core fiber that can be easily mode-separated by MIMO processing can be realized.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-core fiber 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is sectional drawing perpendicular
  • FEM finite element method
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of the multicore fiber 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the multicore fiber 1.
  • the multi-core fiber 1 includes four cores 2 and a clad 3.
  • the multi-core fiber 1 is a coupled multi-core fiber (C-MCF), and is configured such that light propagating through each core 2 is strongly coupled to form a super mode.
  • C-MCF coupled multi-core fiber
  • the four cores 2 are arranged in 2 rows ⁇ 2 columns in the cross section in the longitudinal direction of the multicore fiber 1.
  • the radius of the core 2 is a.
  • the inter-core distance in the row direction X core-center distance
  • the inter-core distance in the column direction Y is ⁇ 2.
  • the cores are arranged so that ⁇ 1 ⁇ 2 . . That is, the interval between two cores adjacent to each other in the column direction Y is wider than the interval between two cores adjacent to each other in the row direction X.
  • the light propagating through the cores 2 in both the row direction X and the column direction Y is strongly coupled to form a super mode.
  • each core can be made smaller than the two-core coupled MCF by forming the cores 2 by four of 2 rows ⁇ 2 columns. Therefore, when producing a glass rod having the same rod diameter as a base material, the core can be formed long, and the production efficiency can be improved.
  • the clad 3 is a common clad covering the periphery of all the cores 2.
  • the core 2 is configured so that n core > n clad .
  • all the cores 2 are capable of single mode transmission in the transmission band. Moreover, it is preferable that all the cores 2 are substantially the same structure (it is comprised from the core of the same kind).
  • substantially the same structure means that the size, shape, refractive index, and the like are the same so as not to affect the characteristics of the light wave propagating through the core 2.
  • Examples of the medium constituting the core 2 and the clad 3 of the multi-core fiber 1 include quartz glass (silica glass), multicomponent glass, and plastic.
  • quartz glass there are pure quartz glass containing no additive and quartz glass containing the additive.
  • the additive include one or more of Ge, Al, P, B, F, Cl, alkali metal, and the like, and the refractive index can be adjusted by adding them to quartz glass.
  • the wavelength band used for transmission in the multi-core fiber 1 according to the present embodiment is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include C band (1530 to 1565 nm), L band (1565 to 1625 nm) and the like.
  • the normalized frequency v 2 ⁇ a (n core 2 ⁇ n clad 2 ) 1/2 / ⁇ satisfies the single mode operation condition of v ⁇ 2.405.
  • ⁇ is a wavelength
  • 2 ⁇ / ⁇ is a wave number k 0 .
  • the transmission loss of the higher-order mode of the LP 11 mode or higher may be ⁇ Loss or higher.
  • ⁇ Loss > 0 dB / m, for example, 0.1 dB / m, 0.5 dB / m, 1.0 dB / m, 2.0 dB / m, and the like.
  • the fiber cutoff wavelength ⁇ cc of the fiber include 1530 nm or less, 1260 nm or less, 1000 nm or less.
  • the number and arrangement of the cores 2 are not limited to four of 2 rows ⁇ 2 columns, and m rows ⁇ n columns (m and n are 2 or more depending on the number of modes of light propagating in the multicore fiber 1). It suffices if they are arranged in an integer) matrix. In this case, the distance between the two cores adjacent to each other in the column direction Y is wider than the distance between the two cores adjacent to each other in the row direction X, and all the light propagating through the cores 2 is strongly coupled. What is necessary is just to be comprised so that a mode may be formed. When m ⁇ 3, it is preferable that the interval ( ⁇ 2 ) between adjacent cores in the row direction X is substantially constant.
  • the interval ( ⁇ 2 ) between adjacent cores in the column direction Y is substantially constant.
  • that the interval between the cores is substantially constant means that they are the same so as not to affect the characteristics of the light wave propagating through each core.
  • the interval ( ⁇ 2 ) between the cores 2 adjacent to each other in the column direction Y is preferably approximately ⁇ 3 times the interval ( ⁇ 1 ) between the cores 2 adjacent to each other in the row direction X.
  • a base material a plurality of glass rods of the same diameter are arranged in a close-packed arrangement and drawn, whereby a multi-core fiber having ⁇ 2 of ⁇ 3 times ⁇ 1 can be produced. There is no need to prepare. If ⁇ 2 is ⁇ 3 times ⁇ 1 , as will be described later, a coupled multicore fiber that can omit MIMO processing in short-distance transmission, and a coupled type that can be easily mode-separated by MIMO processing in long-distance transmission. Both multi-core fibers can be realized.
  • ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 it is preferable to set the relationship between ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 so that the transmission constant of the highest super mode that can be transmitted and the refractive index difference between the cladding 3 is 0.0005 or more in a predetermined transmission wavelength band.
  • ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 it is preferable to set the relationship between ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 2 so that a difference in propagation constant between mode groups used for transmission is 0.0005 or more in a predetermined transmission wavelength band.
  • FIGS. 2A and 2B are cross-sectional views perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of multi-core fibers 1A and 1B, respectively, according to a second embodiment.
  • FIG. 2A shows a case where there are two coupled core regions 4 where the cores 2 of 2 rows ⁇ 2 columns are formed
  • FIG. 2B shows four coupled core regions 4 where the cores 2 of 2 rows ⁇ 2 columns are formed. Is the case.
  • the number of coupled core regions 4 where the 2 rows ⁇ 2 columns of cores 2 are formed differs from the multi-core fiber 1. Therefore, in the following description, about the structure which is common in what was already demonstrated, the same code
  • the multi-core fiber 1 ⁇ / b> A has two coupled core regions 4 in which 2 rows ⁇ 2 columns of cores 2 are formed in the clad 3.
  • the two coupled core regions 4 are arranged side by side in the row direction X at a distance so that the lights propagating through the respective regions are not coupled to each other.
  • the multi-core fiber 1 ⁇ / b> A has four coupled core regions 4 in which the cores 2 in 2 rows ⁇ 2 columns are formed in the cladding 3.
  • the four coupled core regions 4 are arranged in a matrix of 2 rows ⁇ 2 columns at a distance from each other so that lights propagating through the respective regions are not coupled to each other.
  • a structure in which a region having a refractive index lower than that of the cladding 3 is provided between the coupling core regions 4 to suppress the coupling between the coupling core regions 4 may be employed.
  • the interval between two cores adjacent to each other in the column direction Y is wider than the interval between two cores adjacent to each other in the row direction X.
  • the light propagating through the cores 2 in both the row direction X and the column direction Y is strongly coupled to form a super mode.
  • region 4 is arrange
  • the multiplicity of the multicore fiber 1A can be set to 4
  • the multiplicity of the multicore fiber 1B can be set to mode multiplicity. Can be set to 8.
  • region 4 it is not limited similarly to the number and arrangement
  • the number and arrangement of the coupled core regions 4 are not limited as long as the light propagating through the respective regions is disposed so as not to be coupled.
  • the MCF of the present invention can be used as a part or all of an optical fiber used for an optical transmission line, an optical waveguide, an optical cable or the like.
  • the optical cable preferably has at least a part of the MCF of the present invention.
  • the configuration of the multi-core fiber 1 that is the 4-core C-MCF described in the first embodiment is used.
  • the propagation constants of the four super modes LP 01 -like mode, LP 11a -like mode, LP 11b -like mode, and LP 21 -like mode are as follows: Is given by
  • ⁇ 0 is a propagation constant at the time of non-coupling
  • ⁇ 1 is a mode coupling coefficient between the cores 2 in the row direction X
  • ⁇ 2 is a mode coupling coefficient between the cores 2 in the column direction Y
  • ⁇ 3 Is a mode coupling coefficient between the diagonal cores 2.
  • the propagation constants of the LP 11b -like mode and the LP 21 -like mode are smaller than the propagation constant of the cladding.
  • the propagation constant of the LP 11a -like mode, which is the highest super mode that can be transmitted, and the refractive index difference of the cladding are sufficiently large, 0.0005 or more, and only the LP 11b -like mode and LP 21 -like mode are used. It was found that cut-off was possible.
  • ⁇ 2 is smaller than about 10 ⁇ m (twice ⁇ 1 )
  • the difference in propagation constant between the LP 01 -like mode and the LP 11a -like mode is also sufficiently large. Mode separation is also considered unnecessary.
  • ⁇ 2 8.66 ⁇ m ( ⁇ 3 times ⁇ 1 )
  • the LP 11b -like mode and the LP 21 -like mode can be cut off and the MIMO process can be omitted.
  • a 4-core C-MCF was fabricated, and S 2 measurement was performed to observe its propagation mode.
  • a 4-core C-MCF having a length of 22 m was measured.
  • Single mode fiber (SMF) was spliced for 4 core C-MCF excitation. Calculated at the wavelength 1.55 .mu.m, LP 01 effective area of -like mode and LP 11a -like mode (A eff), respectively 177 .mu.m 2, since it is 165 .mu.m 2, greater SMF of A eff than normal SMF (Wavelength 1.55 ⁇ m) was used.
  • NIR near-infrared
  • TLS tunable laser source
  • FIG. 4 shows a Fourier transform result of the spectrum of the recorded image.
  • Two peaks of differential group delay (DGD) at 0 ps and 86 ps (3.91 ns / km) are clearly observed.
  • the beam profiles at the two peaks indicate that both the LP 01 -like mode and the LP 11a -like mode have propagated. Since the high order LP 01 -like mode and the high order LP 11a -like mode are not observed, they are considered to be below the cutoff wavelength.
  • the multipath interference (MPI) of LP 11a -like mode obtained by calculating the Fourier transform was ⁇ 26.5 dB.
  • the crosstalk (XT) between two propagation modes was measured by performing impulse response (IR) measurement.
  • the IR of a 1 km long 4-core C-MCF was measured using a vector network analyzer equipped with an optical modulator and a photodetector (PD). The TLS and the optical modulator are connected to the PMF.
  • FIG. 6 shows IR measurement results at a wavelength of 1.55 ⁇ m.
  • the LP 01 -like mode appears.
  • the XT between the LP 01 -like mode and the LP 11a -like mode appears in a “step” state when the value of the standardized DGD is between 0 and 1.
  • DGD between the two modes is 3.93ns / km, it is found to be consistent with results obtained by S 2 measurements.
  • FIG. 6 The broken line in FIG. 6 represents a fitting curve calculated by a theoretical IR model. From FIG. 6, the power coupling coefficient was estimated to be about 4.1 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 6 / m. Therefore, XT is estimated to be about ⁇ 24 dB / km.
  • FIG. 7 shows the result of measuring XT three times in the wavelength band of the C + L band. The measured XT was less than -23 dB / km throughout the C + L band. It can be seen that the XT is sufficiently low to realize short-distance transmission that does not require MIMO processing. From the above results, it can be seen that short distance transmission that does not require MIMO processing is possible according to the present embodiment.
  • the FEM electric field distribution is shown. From the FEM electric field distribution shown in FIG. 8B and FIG. 8C, the cores are strongly coupled in the configuration of this embodiment, and a super mode of LP 01 -like mode and LP 11a -like mode can be formed. I understood it.
  • Table 1 below shows the results of comparing the characteristics at a wavelength of 1550 nm using a 2-core type (2 rows ⁇ 1 column) C-MCF having an effective refractive index difference of the same level as that of this example as a comparative example. Show.
  • FIG. 9 shows (a) the refractive index distribution of each core in the comparative example, (b) the FEM electric field distribution in the LP 01 -like mode, (c) the FEM electric field distribution in the LP 11a -like mode, and (d) the next mode.
  • the FEM electric field distribution is shown.
  • the next mode is generated by combining the LP 11 modes of the respective cores.
  • the super mode generated by combining higher-order modes of each core is compared with the super mode generated by combining each core only in the fundamental mode because the node of the electromagnetic field distribution exists at the center of each core. It becomes difficult to excite and receive the mode using an input / output device such as a fan-in / fan-out device.
  • the total area of the core portion is smaller than that of the comparative example, so that when a glass rod having the same rod diameter is produced as a base material, the core can be formed longer, and the production efficiency can be improved. it can.
  • FIG. 11 shows the relationship between the supermode propagation constant n eff calculated by both the method (FEM) and the inter-core distance ⁇ 2 in the column direction Y.
  • ⁇ 2 is 1.6 times or more of ⁇ 1
  • a mode group composed of LP 01 -like mode and LP 11a -like mode, LP 11b -like mode, and LP 21 -like mode are used. It is considered that it can be handled as transmission of two mode groups with the configured mode group. Therefore, the MIMO processing can be performed separately for the two modes included in each mode group, the matrix size of the MIMO processing can be further reduced, and the load is reduced.
  • ⁇ 2 13.86 ⁇ m ( ⁇ 3 times ⁇ 1 )

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
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Abstract

Selon la présente invention, cette fibre multicœur est pourvue d'une pluralité de cœurs agencés sous la forme d'une matrice de m rangées et de n colonnes (où m et n sont des nombres entiers de deux ou plus) dans la section longitudinale d'une fibre optique, la distance entre deux cœurs voisins dans une direction de colonne étant supérieure à celle entre deux cœurs voisins dans une direction de rangée. La fibre multicœur est configurée de telle sorte que des faisceaux lumineux, qui se propagent le long de chacun des cœurs dans les directions de rangée et de colonne, se couplent fermement l'un à l'autre pour former un super-mode.
PCT/JP2018/004228 2017-03-16 2018-02-07 Fibre multicœur WO2018168266A1 (fr)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPWO2022024404A1 (fr) * 2020-07-30 2022-02-03
JP2022052465A (ja) * 2020-09-23 2022-04-04 日本電信電話株式会社 結合型マルチコア光ファイバ
JPWO2022085123A1 (fr) * 2020-10-21 2022-04-28
WO2024166574A1 (fr) * 2023-02-09 2024-08-15 株式会社フジクラ Fibre multicoeur pour communication, et dispositif de communication optique

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JP2011150133A (ja) * 2010-01-21 2011-08-04 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd マルチコア光ファイバ
US20130039627A1 (en) * 2011-08-12 2013-02-14 University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Systems And Methods For Optical Transmission Using Supermodes
JP2015159584A (ja) * 2015-04-08 2015-09-03 日本電信電話株式会社 光受信装置、マルチコア光ファイバ及び光伝送システム
WO2017033197A1 (fr) * 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 Bar-Ilan University Module à canaux multiples couplés optiquement et procédés de calcul associés

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011150133A (ja) * 2010-01-21 2011-08-04 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd マルチコア光ファイバ
US20130039627A1 (en) * 2011-08-12 2013-02-14 University Of Central Florida Research Foundation, Inc. Systems And Methods For Optical Transmission Using Supermodes
JP2015159584A (ja) * 2015-04-08 2015-09-03 日本電信電話株式会社 光受信装置、マルチコア光ファイバ及び光伝送システム
WO2017033197A1 (fr) * 2015-08-27 2017-03-02 Bar-Ilan University Module à canaux multiples couplés optiquement et procédés de calcul associés

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Title
XIA ET AL.: "Supermodes in Coupled Multi-Core Waveguide Structures", IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS, vol. 22, no. 2, March 2016 (2016-03-01), pages 1 - 12, XP011595716 *

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPWO2022024404A1 (fr) * 2020-07-30 2022-02-03
JP7552700B2 (ja) 2020-07-30 2024-09-18 日本電信電話株式会社 紫外光照射システム及び除染方法
JP2022052465A (ja) * 2020-09-23 2022-04-04 日本電信電話株式会社 結合型マルチコア光ファイバ
JP7320788B2 (ja) 2020-09-23 2023-08-04 日本電信電話株式会社 結合型マルチコア光ファイバ
JPWO2022085123A1 (fr) * 2020-10-21 2022-04-28
WO2024166574A1 (fr) * 2023-02-09 2024-08-15 株式会社フジクラ Fibre multicoeur pour communication, et dispositif de communication optique

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