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WO2018169349A1 - Radiomètre et son procédé de fonctionnement, et système de surveillance l'utilisant - Google Patents

Radiomètre et son procédé de fonctionnement, et système de surveillance l'utilisant Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018169349A1
WO2018169349A1 PCT/KR2018/003098 KR2018003098W WO2018169349A1 WO 2018169349 A1 WO2018169349 A1 WO 2018169349A1 KR 2018003098 W KR2018003098 W KR 2018003098W WO 2018169349 A1 WO2018169349 A1 WO 2018169349A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
antenna
radiometer
switch
radiation
voltage level
Prior art date
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PCT/KR2018/003098
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English (en)
Korean (ko)
Inventor
박정동
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Dongguk University
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Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Dongguk University
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Priority claimed from KR1020170033894A external-priority patent/KR101871928B1/ko
Priority claimed from KR1020170033895A external-priority patent/KR101828244B1/ko
Application filed by Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Dongguk University filed Critical Industry Academic Cooperation Foundation of Dongguk University
Publication of WO2018169349A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018169349A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
    • G01J1/56—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter using radiation pressure or radiometer effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
    • G01J5/46—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry using radiation pressure or radiometer effect
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
    • G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B13/00—Burglar, theft or intruder alarms
    • G08B13/18—Actuation by interference with heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength; Actuation by intruding sources of heat, light, or radiation of shorter wavelength
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B17/00—Fire alarms; Alarms responsive to explosion
    • G08B17/12—Actuation by presence of radiation or particles, e.g. of infrared radiation or of ions

Definitions

  • Embodiments of the present invention relate to radiometers and monitoring techniques using the same.
  • the total power radiometer is used as a passive sensor because of its simple structure.
  • the radiometer is used as a fire detection sensor.
  • the radiometer has a problem in that reliability is lowered as a fire detection sensor because the temperature resolution is lowered when the gain characteristic of the components in the radiometer changes with time.
  • a monitoring device that can be used even in bad weather can be implemented by using a sub-millimeter wave (10 GHz to 30 GHz) band or a millimeter wave (30 GHz to 300 GHz) band that has a much longer wavelength than infrared rays.
  • a sub-millimeter wave (10 GHz to 30 GHz) band or a millimeter wave (30 GHz to 300 GHz) band that has a much longer wavelength than infrared rays.
  • the antenna of the radiometer In order for the antenna of the radiometer to have a high gain, the antenna of the radiometer must have a narrow beam width. In this case, the range of the sensing area by the antenna is limited.
  • the antenna gazes as the gaze angle of the antenna changes due to the beam scan due to the material, complex shape, and indoor items of the structure.
  • the reflectance of the target is changed, which may cause a problem such as a change in the magnitude of the voltage output from the microwave radiometer. This soon leads to the generation of false alarms.
  • An embodiment of the present invention is to provide a radiometer, a method of operating the same and a monitoring system using the same that can maintain a constant temperature resolution without a separate noise source.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a radiometer capable of efficiently monitoring a structure using a plurality of radiometers having a high gain antenna, a method of operating the same, and a monitoring system using the same.
  • a radiometer includes: a first antenna; A second antenna provided differently in direction of the first antenna from the radiation pattern; A signal processor detecting a voltage level corresponding to a first radiation propagation received from the first antenna and a voltage level corresponding to a second radiation propagation received from the second antenna; And a signal analyzer configured to detect a temperature change of a target to which the first antenna is directed based on the voltage level corresponding to the first radiation propagation and the voltage level corresponding to the second radiation propagation.
  • the first antenna, the radiation pattern direction is installed toward the target to detect the temperature change
  • the second antenna, the radiation pattern direction is an object having an absolute temperature of the same range as the room where the radiometer is installed It may be installed to face.
  • the radiometer includes: a first switch connected to the first antenna and the signal processor, the first switch being turned on according to a switching control signal to transfer the first radiation wave received from the first antenna to the signal processor; A second switch connected to the second antenna and the signal processor, the second switch being turned on according to a switching control signal to transfer second radiation radio waves received from the second antenna to the signal processor; And a switch controller configured to control operations of the first switch and the second switch.
  • the switch controller may be configured to periodically turn on the first switch and the second switch.
  • the period in which the first switch and the second switch are turned on alternately may be set such that a gain change of the radiometer is equal to or less than a preset threshold change value.
  • the temperature resolution ⁇ T of the radiometer may be approximated by the following equation.
  • T SYS equivalent temperature of the entire system of the radiometer
  • ⁇ int time at which the first or second radiation propagates in the integrator in the radiometer
  • ⁇ G SYS change in gain of the overall system of the radiometer during the first switch on since the second switch is on
  • a radiometer for detecting whether a fire occurs by detecting a temperature change of the target; And an alarm device that transmits a fire occurrence signal to the outside when detecting a fire occurrence in the radio meter, the radio meter comprising: a first antenna; A second antenna provided differently in direction of the first antenna from the radiation pattern; A signal processor detecting a voltage level corresponding to a first radiation propagation received from the first antenna and a voltage level corresponding to a second radiation propagation received from the second antenna; And a signal analyzer configured to detect a temperature change of the target to which the first antenna is directed based on the voltage level corresponding to the first radiation propagation and the voltage level corresponding to the second radiation propagation.
  • the first antenna, the radiation pattern direction is installed toward the target to detect the temperature change
  • the second antenna, the radiation pattern direction is an object having an absolute temperature of the same range as the room where the radiometer is installed It may be installed to face.
  • the radiometer includes: a first switch connected to the first antenna and the signal processor, the first switch being turned on according to a switching control signal to transfer the first radiation wave received from the first antenna to the signal processor; A second switch connected to the second antenna and the signal processor, the second switch being turned on according to a switching control signal to transfer second radiation radio waves received from the second antenna to the signal processor; And a switch controller configured to control operations of the first switch and the second switch.
  • the switch controller may be configured to periodically turn on the first switch and the second switch.
  • the period in which the first switch and the second switch are turned on alternately may be set such that a gain change of the radiometer is equal to or less than a preset threshold change value.
  • a method of operating a radiometer in accordance with one disclosed embodiment is a method performed in a computing device having one or more processors and a memory storing one or more programs executed by the one or more processors, the first antenna Detecting a voltage level corresponding to the first radiation propagation received from the device; Detecting a voltage level corresponding to second radiation propagation received from a second antenna having a different direction of radiation pattern from the first antenna; And detecting a temperature change of a target to which the first antenna is directed based on the voltage level corresponding to the first radiation propagation and the voltage level corresponding to the second radiation propagation.
  • the first antenna, the radiation pattern direction is installed toward the target to detect the temperature change
  • the second antenna, the radiation pattern direction is an object having an absolute temperature of the same range as the room where the radiometer is installed It may be installed to face.
  • the method of operating the radiometer further includes controlling an operation of a first switch connected to the first antenna and a second switch connected to the second antenna, and the controlling of the radiometer comprises: And the second switch may be periodically turned on alternately.
  • the period in which the first switch and the second switch are turned on alternately may be set such that a gain change of the radiometer is equal to or less than a preset threshold change value.
  • a plurality of monitoring systems may be disposed at predetermined intervals within a predetermined distance from a structure, and each of the plurality of output voltages may generate an output voltage corresponding to a brightness temperature of an object inside or outside the structure.
  • Microwave radiometers and a server configured to receive signals related to the output voltage from the plurality of microwave radiometers, and to determine whether the object is a person or a flame from a pattern of signals related to the output voltage for each microwave radiometer over time. It includes.
  • the microwave radiometer may include an antenna for sensing a brightness temperature of the object, and the antenna may have a beam width below a threshold value so that the antenna has a gain equal to or greater than a set value.
  • Each of the antennas may be fixed to the microwave radiometer to face different areas located inside or outside the structure.
  • the server may determine that the object is a person when output voltages of a predetermined magnitude or more are sequentially detected by two or more microwave radio meters disposed adjacent to each other.
  • the server sequentially connects positions of regions corresponding to each of the microwave radiometers on which the output voltage of the set magnitude or more is detected according to the detection order of the output voltage of the set magnitude or more. I can understand the movement line.
  • the server may determine that the object is a flame when an output voltage of a predetermined magnitude or more is continuously detected for a predetermined time in two or more microwave radiometers.
  • the server may transmit a notification message to the manager terminal.
  • the microwave radiometer may be disposed outside the structure.
  • the structure may be a non-metal structure surrounding the object by an outer wall.
  • the first antenna is installed toward the target
  • the second antenna is installed toward an object having the same or similar absolute temperature as the room, and alternately radiates from the first antenna and the second antenna at predetermined intervals.
  • the radiometer according to the disclosed embodiment can ignore the effect of the gain change in the radiometer's temperature resolution without a separate noise source, so that the temperature resolution can be kept constant while being cheap and simple. do.
  • the duty ratio (D) of the first switch it is possible to adjust the temperature resolution of the radiometer.
  • a fire generated in the wood structure cannot be easily detected by a conventional infrared fire detection device, but according to embodiments of the present invention, structure monitoring In the case of the system, a microwave radiometer can be used to easily detect fires in wooden structures, and the fire detection will not be affected by weather such as bad weather.
  • the intrusion of the structure is detected through a microwave radiometer outside the structure, and the intruder disables the monitoring device because the intruder is physically isolated from the monitoring device, that is, the microwave radiometer. There is an advantage that can not be.
  • FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a radiometer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing the configuration of a fire detection system using a radiometer according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • 3 and 4 schematically show a structure monitoring system according to other embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG 5 is a view for explaining the antenna 204 of the ultra-high frequency radio meter 202 in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6 is an exemplary view showing a pattern of a signal relating to an output voltage for each ultra-high frequency radio meter 202 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an exemplary diagram for describing a process of identifying a moving line of a person according to the pattern of signals shown in FIG. 6 in the server 206 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 8 is another exemplary view showing a pattern of a signal relating to an output voltage of each microwave radio meter 102 in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a structure monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating and describing a computing environment including a computing device suitable for use in example embodiments.
  • the terms "transfer”, “communication”, “transmit”, “receive” and other similar meanings of signals or information are not only meant to directly convey the signal or information from one component to another. It also includes passing through other components.
  • “transmitting” or “sending” a signal or information to a component indicates the final destination of the signal or information and does not mean a direct destination. The same is true for the "reception” of a signal or information.
  • that two or more pieces of data or information are "related” means that if one data (or information) is obtained, at least a portion of the other data (or information) can be obtained based thereon.
  • first and second may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms may be used for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another component.
  • first component may be referred to as the second component, and similarly, the second component may also be referred to as the first component.
  • FIG. 1 is a view showing the configuration of a radiometer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the radiometer 100 includes a first antenna 102, a second antenna 104, a first switch 106, a second switch 108, a first signal processor 110, and a second antenna.
  • the signal processor 112, the signal analyzer 114, and the switch controller 116 may be included.
  • the first antenna 102 may be installed toward a target (predetermined region or object) to detect a temperature change through the radiometer 100.
  • the first antenna 102 may be installed toward the target to monitor the fire occurrence through the radiometer 100.
  • the second antenna 104 is a sub-antenna, and may be installed toward an object (eg, a wall surface of the room) 10 having an absolute temperature in the same range as that of the room where the radiometer 100 is installed.
  • the absolute temperature of the range of identity may not only be exactly the same numerically, but also include a temperature within a preset error range. That is, in the disclosed embodiment, the radiation pattern of the first antenna 102 is directed through the radiometer 100 toward the target to be detected a temperature change, and the radiation pattern of the second antenna 104 is radiometer ( 100 may be installed to face an object having an absolute temperature in the same range as the installed room.
  • the first switch 106 may be provided between the first antenna 102 and the first signal processor 110.
  • the first contact point of the first switch 106 may be connected to the first antenna 102, and the second contact point of the first switch 106 may be connected to an input terminal of the first signal processing unit 110.
  • the first switch 106 may be operated by the control of the switch controller 116.
  • the first switch 106 transmits the radio wave received from the first antenna 102 according to the switching control signal of the switch controller 116 (hereinafter, referred to as a first radiation wave) to the first signal processor 110. Can be delivered to.
  • the second switch 108 may be provided between the second antenna 104 and the first signal processor 110.
  • the first contact of the second switch 108 may be connected to the second antenna 104, and the second contact of the second switch 108 may be connected to an input terminal of the first signal processor 110.
  • the second switch 108 may be operated by the control of the switch controller 116.
  • the second switch 108 transmits the radiation propagation (hereinafter, referred to as a second radiation propagation) received from the second antenna 104 according to the switching control signal of the switch controller 116. Can be delivered to.
  • the first switch 106 and the second switch 108 may alternately transfer the first radiation wave and the second radiation wave to the first signal processor 110 under the control of the switch controller 116.
  • the first radiation propagation and the second radiation propagation are signal processed through the same channel (that is, the first signal processing unit 110 and the second signal processing unit 112).
  • the first signal processor 110 may be included in the radiation wave received from the first antenna 102 (ie, the first radiation wave) or the radiation wave received from the second antenna 104 (ie, the second radiation wave). The noise may be removed and the frequency of the first radiation propagation or the second radiation propagation may be down converted.
  • the first signal processor 110 may be implemented as a low noise block downconverter (LBN) module.
  • LBN low noise block downconverter
  • the first signal processing unit 110 may include a low noise amplifier (LNA) 110a for low noise amplifying the first radiation wave or the second radiation wave, a first radiation wave output from the LNA 110a, or a first signal.
  • LNA low noise amplifier
  • a mixer 110b for downconverting the frequency of the two radiation radio waves, and a phase locked loop (PLL) 110c for generating a local oscillator (LO) signal to the mixer 110b. Since the first signal processor 110 is already known, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • LNA low noise amplifier
  • PLL phase locked loop
  • the second signal processor 112 band-pass filters a power signal proportional to the first radiation propagation or a power signal proportional to the second radiation propagation output from the first signal processor 110 and detects a voltage level corresponding thereto. can do.
  • the second signal processor 112 is a buffer for receiving the down-frequency converted power signal proportional to the first radiation or the down-frequency converted power signal in proportion to the second radiation (from the mixer 110b) 112a), a band pass filter 112b for filtering the power signal for the first radiation propagation or the power signal for the second radiation propagation output from the buffer 112a, the downward proportional to the first radiation propagation or the second radiation propagation
  • the detector 112c may detect a voltage level corresponding to each frequency-converted power signal
  • the integrator 112d may accumulate an output voltage of the detector by a first radiation propagation or a second radiation propagation for a predetermined time. . Since the second signal processor 112 is a known configuration, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
  • the signal analyzer 114 may face the first antenna 102 based on a difference between a voltage level corresponding to the first radiation propagation output from the second signal processor 112 and a voltage level corresponding to the second radiation propagation. The change in temperature of the target can be detected.
  • the switch controller 116 may control on / off operations of the first switch 106 and the second switch 108.
  • the switch controller 116 may control the first switch 106 and the second switch 108 to be alternately turned on. That is, the switch controller 116 turns on the first switch 106 for a predetermined time (at this time, the second switch 108 is in an off state), and then turns on the second switch 108 for a predetermined time ( At this time, the first switch 106 is in an off state), this process may be repeated periodically.
  • the period in which the first switch 106 and the second switch 108 are alternately turned on is the time at which the change in gain of the radiometer 100 hardly occurs (for example, 10 msec to 1 sec). Period of time).
  • the period in which the first switch 106 and the second switch 108 are alternately turned on may be set such that a gain change of the radiometer 100 is equal to or less than a preset threshold change value.
  • the preset threshold change value may be set in consideration of the environment in which the radiometer 100 is installed and the characteristics of the components in the radiometer 100 within a limit that does not substantially affect the temperature resolution of the radiometer 100. .
  • the period in which the first switch 106 and the second switch 108 are alternately turned on is the integral constant of the integrator 112d of the radiometer 100 (ie, the radiation propagates in the integrator). Time)).
  • the switch controller 116 may adjust the on-operation time of the first switch 106 and the on-operation time of the second switch 108 through a duty ratio within one period.
  • the first antenna 102 is installed toward the target
  • the second antenna 104 is installed toward an object having an absolute temperature in the same range as the room
  • the first antenna 102 at a predetermined cycle.
  • Equation 1 the temperature resolution ⁇ T of a general radiometer may be expressed by Equation 1 below.
  • T SYS represents the equivalent temperature of the entire radiometer system
  • ⁇ int represents the time for which radiated radio waves from the antenna accumulate in the integrator
  • B represents the bandwidth of the intermediate frequency
  • G SYS represents the total radiometer system
  • ⁇ G SYS represents the gain change of the radiometer's entire system.
  • the components in the radiometer eg amplifiers
  • the gain change of the radiometer's entire system increases over time, thereby increasing the radiometer's gain.
  • the temperature resolution is lowered.
  • the first antenna 102 is installed toward the target side to detect the temperature change
  • the second antenna 104 is installed toward an object having a temperature equal to or similar to the room temperature
  • first switch 106 and the second during the period switch 108 is being turned on operates as a shift ⁇ p is called, and (e.g., ⁇ p may be the 1sec) 0.5 ⁇ p
  • the output voltage Vout_ corresponding to the radiation propagation (that is, the second radiation propagation) received from the second antenna 104.
  • REF may be represented by Equation 2 below.
  • ⁇ represents the sensitivity of the detector 112c of the radiometer 100
  • G represents the gain of the entire system of the radiometer 100
  • e ref represents the object of the object to which the second antenna 104 is directed.
  • F represents the noise figure of the radiometer 100
  • T 0 represents room temperature (ie, 290 K).
  • T p represents the temperature of the room in which the radiometer 100 is installed
  • k represents the Boltzman constant
  • B represents the intermediate frequency band of the radiometer 100.
  • e TARGET represents the emissivity of the target to which the first antenna 102 is directed
  • ⁇ G represents the radiometer 100 while the first switch 106 is turned on after the second switch 108 is turned on. It shows the change in gain of the whole system.
  • the time when the first switch 106 is turned on is a very short time difference of 0.5 ⁇ p (0.25 sec when ⁇ p is 0.5 sec) from the time when the second switch 108 is turned on, ⁇ G is almost zero. You get closer.
  • the difference between the output voltage of the first radiation propagation and the output voltage of the second radiation propagation is the emissivity e TARGET of the target to which the first antenna 102 faces and the emissivity of the object to which the second antenna 104 faces. ref ), the gain change of the entire system of the radiometer 100 can be neglected while the first switch 106 is on.
  • the temperature resolution ⁇ T of the radiometer 100 may be represented by Equation 5 below.
  • D represents the duty ratio of the first switch 106.
  • the radiometer 100 is inexpensive because it can ignore the influence of the gain change ⁇ G SYS at the temperature resolution ⁇ T of the radiometer 100 without a separate noise source. It has a simple structure and keeps the temperature resolution constant. In addition, by changing the duty ratio (D) of the first switch 106, it is possible to adjust the temperature resolution of the radiometer (100).
  • FIG. 2 is a view showing the configuration of a fire monitoring system using a radiometer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the fire monitoring system 200 may include a radiometer 100, an alarm device 120, and a fire management server 160.
  • the alarm device 120 is communicatively connected with the fire management server 160 through the communication network 150.
  • communication network 150 may comprise the Internet, one or more local area networks, wire area networks, cellular networks, mobile networks, other types of networks, or such. It can include a combination of networks.
  • the radiometer 100 includes a first antenna 102 and a second antenna 104.
  • the first antenna 102 may be installed toward the target to monitor the fire occurrence.
  • the second antenna 104 may be installed toward an object having the same or similar absolute temperature as the room where the radiometer 100 is installed.
  • the radiometer 100 may detect whether a target fire occurs based on a difference in voltage levels of radiated radio waves collected alternately from the first antenna 102 and the second antenna 104.
  • the alarm device 120 may transmit a fire occurrence signal to the fire management server 160.
  • the fire occurrence signal may include an identification number of the alarm device 120.
  • the alarm device 120 may alarm the occurrence of a fire.
  • the alarm device 120 may alarm the occurrence of a fire through a speaker and / or lighting.
  • the alarm device 120 may be implemented integrally with the radiometer 100, but is not limited thereto and may be implemented independently of the radiometer 100.
  • the fire management server 160 may be provided in a public office such as an emergency disaster center or a fire station.
  • the fire management server 160 may be communicatively connected with the plurality of alarm devices 120.
  • the fire management server 160 may extract the identification number of the alarm device 120 from the fire occurrence signal received from the alarm device 120, and identify the location of the fire based on the identification number of the extracted alarm device 120. .
  • 3 and 4 schematically show a structure monitoring system according to other embodiments of the present invention.
  • the structure monitoring system 200 includes a plurality of microwave radiometers 202 and a server 206.
  • the plurality of microwave radiometers 202 may be communicatively coupled with the server 206 via a communication network.
  • the microwave radiometer 202 is a device that detects an object (not shown) inside or outside the structure 250.
  • the structure 250 refers to an object (eg, a building, a workpiece, etc.) to be monitored, such as a cultural property or a security building.
  • the structure 250 may be, for example, a non-metallic structure implemented with a non-metallic material such as wood or an earth wall, and may be surrounded by an outer wall of the nonmetallic material.
  • the object may be, for example, a flame, a person (eg, an invader), or the like, as an object to be detected.
  • the plurality of microwave radiometers 202 may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance (for example, at 1 meter intervals) within a predetermined distance (for example, 5 meters) from the structure 250.
  • the plurality of microwave radiometers 202 may be disposed outside the structure 250.
  • the plurality of microwave radiometers 202 may be arranged in a line or surround the structure 250, for example, in the vicinity of the structure 250.
  • the arrangement of the microwave radiometer 202 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 is merely an example, and the arrangement of the microwave radiometer 202 is not limited thereto. 3 and 4, the number of the microwave radiometers 202 is five or six, respectively, for convenience of description, but this is merely an example and the microwave radiometer 202 disposed near the structure 250 is illustrated. The number of is not limited thereto.
  • the microwave radiometer 202 includes one or more antennas 204, and may sense a brightness temperature of an object through the antenna 204.
  • the brightness temperature T B of the object may be determined by the absolute temperature T p and the emissivity e of the object as shown in Equation 6 below.
  • the microwave radiometer 202 may detect the brightness temperature of the object from electromagnetic waves in the microwave band collected by the antenna 204 (for example, 300 MHz to 300 GHz), and generate an output voltage corresponding to the brightness temperature. You can. In this case, the narrower the beam width of the antenna 204, the greater the signal size of the electromagnetic wave generated in the object compared to the electromagnetic wave generated in the background part of the object (that is, the outer part of the object), and accordingly the microwave radiometer The magnitude of the output voltage generated at 202 becomes large.
  • FIG. 5 is a view for explaining the antenna 204 of the microwave radiometer 202 in another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5A illustrates an antenna having a beam width exceeding a threshold
  • FIG. 5B illustrates an antenna 204 having a beam width below a threshold in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the subject is a flame.
  • the meter when the beam width of the antenna exceeds a threshold, since the magnitude of the electromagnetic wave generated by the object is a small part of the total received electromagnetic wave due to a small fill factor, The meter will produce a low output voltage (or voltage difference). In this case, it may be difficult to efficiently detect the object because the sensitivity of the antenna is low.
  • the antenna 204 when the beam width of the antenna 204 according to an embodiment of the present invention is less than the threshold, the high-frequency output from the high frequency radio meter 202 due to a large fill factor (FF) Voltage (or voltage difference) is generated. That is, the beam width of the antenna 204 and the gain of the antenna 204 have an inverse relationship.
  • the antenna 204 has a beam width below a threshold value so that the antenna 204 has a gain of a predetermined value or more.
  • the structure 250 or the object (e.g., flame) to be monitored cannot enter all of the beam width of the antenna 204. Range may be limited.
  • a method of monitoring the structure 250 through a beam scan method may be considered. In this case, the gaze of the antenna 204 according to the beam scan due to the material, the complicated shape, etc. of the structure 250 may be considered. Depending on the angle, the reflectance of the background structure changes, and a problem such as a change in the size of a signal received by the antenna 204 may occur.
  • the antenna 204 has a beam width below the threshold such that the antenna 204 has a gain (or sensitivity) above a set value, wherein each of the antennas 204 are located inside or outside the structure 250. It is fixed to the microwave radiometer 202 to face the other area.
  • each of the antennas 204 of the radiometers A through E may be fixed to face different areas located inside or outside the structure 250.
  • antenna 204 of radiometer A is fixed to face area a in structure 250
  • antenna 204 of radiometer B is fixed to face area b in structure 250
  • the radiometer Antenna 204 of C is fixed to face area c in structure 250
  • antenna 204 of radiometer D is fixed toward area d in structure 250
  • antenna 204 of radiometer E May be fixed to face region e in structure 250.
  • each of the antennas 204 of the radiometers A to F may be fixed to face different regions located inside or outside the structure 250.
  • each of the antennas 204 may detect the presence of objects in different areas located inside or outside the structure 250, and thus may monitor the entire area of the structure 250.
  • the number or location of the microwave radiometer 202 and the antenna 204 may vary depending on, for example, the overall size of the structure 250, the number and size of the surveillance area inside or outside the structure 250, and the like.
  • each microwave radiometer 202 may generate an output voltage corresponding to the brightness temperature of the object inside or outside the structure 250, and transmit a signal regarding the output voltage to the server 206, respectively.
  • each microwave radiometer 202 may further comprise a transceiver (not shown) of the Industrial Scientific Medical band (ISM) band used to implement a communication network such as, for example, “Zigbee”. Can be.
  • ISM Industrial Scientific Medical band
  • Each microwave radiometer 202 may transmit a signal related to the output voltage to the server 206 in real time through the transceiver.
  • the server 206 is a device that determines whether an intrusion or fire has occurred in the structure 250 from a signal relating to an output voltage received from each microwave radiometer 202.
  • the server 206 receives a signal relating to the output voltage from a plurality of microwave radiometers 202, respectively, and whether the object is a person or a flame from a pattern of the signal relating to the output voltage for each microwave radiometer over time. It can be determined whether or not.
  • the server 206 may determine that the object is a person (or an intruder) when an output voltage of a predetermined magnitude or more is sequentially detected by two or more microwave radiometers 202 disposed adjacent to each other.
  • the server 206 may determine a region inside or outside the structure 250 corresponding to each microwave radiometer 202 for which an output voltage of the set magnitude or more is detected (that is, each microwave radio).
  • the position of the meter 202 or the area inside or outside the structure 250 to which the antenna of each microwave radio meter 202) is sequentially connected according to the detection order of the output voltage equal to or greater than the set magnitude. I can understand the movement line.
  • the server 206 may determine that the object is a flame when an output voltage of a set magnitude or more is continuously detected for two or more times set by the two or more microwave radiometers 202.
  • the server 206 may efficiently detect whether an intrusion or fire occurs in the structure 250 from patterns of signals collected in different areas located inside or outside the structure 250.
  • the server 206 may transmit a notification message to a manager terminal (not shown).
  • the notification message may include identification information of the structure 250, information indicating whether the object is a person or a flame, information on a time when an intrusion or a fire occurred, information on a human's copper wire, and the like. Accordingly, the manager can immediately identify when the intrusion or fire occurs in the structure 250.
  • FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a signal pattern of an output voltage for each microwave radiometer 202 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6A is an example of a pattern of signals relating to the output voltage received from radiometer A of FIG. 3
  • FIG. 6B is a pattern of signals relating to the output voltage received from radiometer B of FIG. 6C is an example of a pattern of signals relating to an output voltage received from radiometer C of FIG. 3
  • FIG. 6D is an output voltage received from radiometer D of FIG.
  • output voltages having a predetermined magnitude (for example, 5V) or more are sequentially detected by two or more radiometers disposed adjacent to each other, that is, radiometers A, B, C, and D.
  • the server 206 determines that the generation of the signal regularly occurs according to the movement of the person or the animal as the person (or the intruder) or the animal moves around or inside the structure 250, and is sequentially detected. From the regularity of the signal it can be determined that the subject is a person (or intruder).
  • the sequential signal detection pattern (or regular signal generation pattern) according to the copper line is distinguished from the pattern of the signal generated by the flame, it is effective to drastically improve the false detection rate of fire detection.
  • the antenna 204 of the microwave radiometer 202 has a narrow beam width, the antenna gain (or sensitivity) is also very good, and the accuracy of human and fire detection is also very high.
  • FIG. 7 is an illustration for explaining a process of identifying a human wire according to the signal pattern shown in FIG. 6 in the server 206 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the server 206 detects the position of the region corresponding to each of the microwave radiometers 202 for which the output voltage of the set magnitude or more is detected. You can connect people in order to understand the movement of people.
  • the server 206 may sequentially connect the positions of the regions corresponding to each of the microwave radiometers 202 for which the output voltage of the set magnitude or more is detected according to the detection order of the output voltage of the set magnitude or more. Therefore, the human wire is ““ area (area a) in structure 250 corresponding to radiometer A ⁇ area (area b) in structure 250 corresponding to radiometer B ⁇ structure corresponding to radiometer C It can be seen that the area within the region 250 (area c) ⁇ the area within the structure 250 corresponding to the radiometer D "
  • such a structure monitoring system 200 may be utilized as a cultural property monitoring system irrelevant to the climate. For example, when a person trespasses on a cultural property, a signal about an output voltage according to a person's position is sequentially received by a high frequency radiometer 202 that gazes at different areas within the structure 250 according to the human's movement. In this case, the server 206 may see a human's copper wire outside the structure 250 from a sequential signal detection pattern (or a regular signal generation pattern) in real time.
  • the intruder in the structure 250 is quickly detected from the pattern of the output voltage for each of the microwave radiometers 202 over time, and the intruder's copper wire is grasped in real time to determine the structure ( 250) Can respond quickly to intrusions.
  • the intrusion of the structure is detected by the microwave radiometer 202 existing outside the structure 250 and the intruder monitors, that is, Since it is physically isolated from the microwave radiometer 202, there is an advantage that an intruder cannot disable the monitoring device.
  • FIG. 8 shows another example of a pattern of signals related to output voltages of the microwave radiometers 102 according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8A is an example of a pattern of signals relating to the output voltage received from radiometer A of FIG. 3
  • FIG. 8B is a pattern of signals relating to the output voltage received from radiometer B of FIG. 8C is an example of a pattern of signals relating to an output voltage received from radiometer C of FIG. 3
  • FIG. 8D is an output voltage received from radiometer D of FIG.
  • an output voltage of a predetermined magnitude for example, 2.10V
  • the server 206 may determine that a fire has occurred in the structure 250, and may determine that the object is a flame. In the case of flames, they tend to spread irregularly over time and last for a period of time. If a fire occurs in the structure 250, if such a continuous signal detection pattern (or irregular signal generation pattern) occurs, the server 206 immediately determines that a fire has occurred in the structure 250 therefrom. can do.
  • the present invention it is possible to easily distinguish the person and the flame inside or outside the structure 250 from the pattern of the output voltage for each microwave radiometer 202 over time, accordingly The false positive rate of fire detection can be drastically improved.
  • a fire generated in the wood structure 250 may not be easily detected by a conventional infrared fire detection device, but the implementation of the present invention.
  • the structure monitoring system 200 it is possible to easily detect the fire generated from the wooden structure 250 using the ultra-high frequency radiometer 202 and will not be affected by weather such as bad weather when detecting the fire. .
  • FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating a structure monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the method shown in FIG. 9 may be performed by, for example, the structure monitoring system 200 described above.
  • the method is divided into a plurality of steps, but at least some of the steps may be performed in a reverse order, in combination with other steps, omitted, divided into substeps, or not shown.
  • One or more steps may be added and performed.
  • the plurality of microwave radiometers 202 generate output voltages corresponding to brightness temperatures of objects inside or outside the structure 250, respectively.
  • the microwave radiometer 202 may include an antenna 204 for sensing the brightness temperature of the object.
  • the antenna 204 has a beam width below a threshold value to have a gain equal to or greater than a set value, and each of the antennas 204 may face a different area located inside or outside the structure 250. It can be fixed to.
  • step S104 the server 206 receives a signal relating to the output voltage from the plurality of microwave radiometers 202, respectively.
  • step S106 the server 206 determines whether the object is a person or a flame from the pattern of the output voltage for each microwave radiometer over time.
  • the server 206 may determine that the object is a person (or an intruder) when an output voltage of a predetermined magnitude or more is sequentially detected by two or more microwave radiometers 202 disposed adjacent to each other. At this time, when it is determined that the object is a human, the server 206 determines the position of the region corresponding to each of the microwave radiometers 202 for which the output voltage of the set magnitude or more is detected according to the detection order of the output voltage of the set magnitude or more. You can connect people in sequence to figure out the movement of people.
  • the server 206 may determine that the object is a flame when an output voltage of a set magnitude or more is continuously detected for two or more times set by the two or more microwave radiometers 202.
  • FIG. 10 is a block diagram illustrating and describing a computing environment 10 that includes a computing device suitable for use in example embodiments.
  • each component may have different functions and capabilities in addition to those described below, and may include additional components in addition to those described below.
  • the illustrated computing environment 10 includes a computing device 12.
  • computing device 12 may be a radiometer (eg, radiometer 100 or radiometer 202).
  • computing device 12 may be an alerting device (eg, alerting device 120).
  • computing device 12 may be a server device (eg, fire management server 160 or server 206).
  • Computing device 12 includes at least one processor 14, computer readable storage medium 16, and communication bus 18.
  • the processor 14 may cause the computing device 12 to operate according to the example embodiments mentioned above.
  • processor 14 may execute one or more programs stored in computer readable storage medium 16.
  • the one or more programs may include one or more computer executable instructions that, when executed by the processor 14, cause the computing device 12 to perform operations in accordance with an exemplary embodiment. Can be.
  • Computer readable storage medium 16 is configured to store computer executable instructions or program code, program data and / or other suitable forms of information.
  • the program 20 stored in the computer readable storage medium 16 includes a set of instructions executable by the processor 14.
  • computer readable storage medium 16 includes memory (volatile memory, such as random access memory, nonvolatile memory, or a suitable combination thereof), one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash Memory devices, or any other form of storage medium that is accessible by computing device 12 and capable of storing desired information, or a suitable combination thereof.
  • the communication bus 18 interconnects various other components of the computing device 12, including the processor 14 and the computer readable storage medium 16.
  • Computing device 12 may also include one or more input / output interfaces 22 and one or more network communication interfaces 26 that provide an interface for one or more input / output devices 24.
  • the input / output interface 22 and the network communication interface 26 are connected to the communication bus 18.
  • the input / output device 24 may be connected to other components of the computing device 12 via the input / output interface 22.
  • Exemplary input / output devices 24 may include pointing devices (such as a mouse or trackpad), keyboards, touch input devices (such as touchpads or touchscreens), voice or sound input devices, various types of sensor devices, and / or imaging devices.
  • Input devices, and / or output devices such as display devices, printers, speakers, and / or network cards.
  • the example input / output device 24 may be included inside the computing device 12 as one component of the computing device 12, and may be connected to the computing device 12 as a separate device from the computing device 12. It may be.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un radiomètre et son procédé de fonctionnement, et un système de surveillance l'utilisant. Le radiomètre décrit selon un mode de réalisation comprend : une première antenne ; une seconde antenne installée pour avoir un diagramme de rayonnement dont la direction diffère de celle du diagramme de rayonnement de la première antenne ; une unité de traitement de signal pour détecter un niveau de tension correspondant à une première onde radio rayonnée reçue par la première antenne et un niveau de tension correspondant à une seconde onde radio rayonnée reçue par la seconde antenne ; et une unité d'analyse de signal pour détecter une variation de température d'une cible à laquelle la première antenne fait face, sur la base du niveau de tension correspondant à la première onde radio rayonnée et du niveau de tension correspondant à la seconde onde radio rayonnée. En outre, un procédé de surveillance selon un mode de réalisation consiste à : générer une tension de sortie correspondant à la température de luminance d'un objet à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur d'une structure, par chaque radiomètre parmi de multiples radiomètres à ultra-haute fréquence agencés pour être espacés les uns des autres à intervalles prédéterminés à moins d'une distance définie de la structure ; recevoir, par un serveur, un signal lié à la tension de sortie de chacun des multiples radiomètres à ultra-haute fréquence ; et déterminer, par le serveur, si l'objet est un être humain ou une flamme, sur la base d'un motif du signal lié à la tension de sortie de chacun des radiomètres à ultra-haute fréquence au cours du temps.
PCT/KR2018/003098 2017-03-17 2018-03-16 Radiomètre et son procédé de fonctionnement, et système de surveillance l'utilisant Ceased WO2018169349A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KR1020170033894A KR101871928B1 (ko) 2017-03-17 2017-03-17 라디오미터 및 그 동작 방법과 이를 이용한 화재 감지 시스템
KR10-2017-0033895 2017-03-17
KR1020170033895A KR101828244B1 (ko) 2017-03-17 2017-03-17 구조물 감시 시스템 및 방법
KR10-2017-0033894 2017-03-17

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5149198A (en) * 1991-05-02 1992-09-22 Mmtc, Inc. Temperature-measuring microwave radiometer apparatus
JP2004325239A (ja) * 2003-04-24 2004-11-18 Sharp Corp アンテナゲイン特定装置および無線通信装置
US6900756B2 (en) * 2001-02-21 2005-05-31 Qinetiq Limited Calibrating radiometers
KR20100034005A (ko) * 2007-06-15 2010-03-31 아이코브 앤드 어소시에이츠, 엘엘시 수동 마이크로파 화재-침입 탐색장치
WO2010076783A1 (fr) * 2008-12-31 2010-07-08 Yael Nemirovsky Sonde thermique à fréquence térahertzienne pour téramos, et réseau en plan focal

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5149198A (en) * 1991-05-02 1992-09-22 Mmtc, Inc. Temperature-measuring microwave radiometer apparatus
US6900756B2 (en) * 2001-02-21 2005-05-31 Qinetiq Limited Calibrating radiometers
JP2004325239A (ja) * 2003-04-24 2004-11-18 Sharp Corp アンテナゲイン特定装置および無線通信装置
KR20100034005A (ko) * 2007-06-15 2010-03-31 아이코브 앤드 어소시에이츠, 엘엘시 수동 마이크로파 화재-침입 탐색장치
WO2010076783A1 (fr) * 2008-12-31 2010-07-08 Yael Nemirovsky Sonde thermique à fréquence térahertzienne pour téramos, et réseau en plan focal

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