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WO2018186401A1 - Dispositif de culture hydroponique de plantes, système de culture hydroponique de plantes, et procédé de culture - Google Patents

Dispositif de culture hydroponique de plantes, système de culture hydroponique de plantes, et procédé de culture Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018186401A1
WO2018186401A1 PCT/JP2018/014276 JP2018014276W WO2018186401A1 WO 2018186401 A1 WO2018186401 A1 WO 2018186401A1 JP 2018014276 W JP2018014276 W JP 2018014276W WO 2018186401 A1 WO2018186401 A1 WO 2018186401A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
water
plant
storage container
oxygen
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PCT/JP2018/014276
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English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
神野　浩
太郎 神野
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オオノ開發株式会社
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Publication of WO2018186401A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018186401A1/fr

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G31/00—Soilless cultivation, e.g. hydroponics
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
    • Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus, a plant hydroponic cultivation system, and a cultivation method, and particularly relates to adjusting the water level of a liquid provided to a storage container for storing a liquid according to the type of the liquid.
  • Patent Document 1 includes a technique in which carbonated water is sprayed from the upper part of the created community in a spray form, and the sprayed carbonated water is sent by a fan so as to adhere to plant leaves efficiently.
  • the present invention provides the following items.
  • a storage container for storing liquid for storing liquid;
  • a plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus for generating plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus.
  • the storage container is configured such that a storage container for storing a plant is disposed therein, and the first water level is a water level at which the first liquid enters the storage container, and the second water level is Item 4.
  • Item 6 The plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to Item 5, wherein the first gas is oxygen or ozone.
  • Item 8 The plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to any one of Items 5 to 7, wherein the first gas and / or the second gas is in a microbubble state.
  • Item 8 The plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to any one of Items 5 to 7, wherein the first gas and / or the second gas is in a nanobubble state.
  • the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 11, comprising a sensor for detecting the state of the plant.
  • a storage container for storing plants A storage container for storing plants; A plant hydroponic cultivation system comprising the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 14.
  • a plant cultivation method, 15. A cultivation method comprising a step of cultivating a plant using the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 14 or the plant hydroponic cultivation system according to item 15.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining a configuration of a plant hydroponics system 1000 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an appearance of the plant hydroponics system 1000 shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the storage container 100a disposed in the storage container 101 through the storage container 101 of the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 4 is a plan view of the plant hydroponics system 1000 shown in FIG. 2, and FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) show the plant hydroponic system 1000 shown in FIG. 2 in the A2 direction and the B2 direction, respectively.
  • the structure seen from is shown.
  • 5 is a view for explaining the container 100a shown in FIG. 4, FIG.
  • FIG. 5 (a) is a perspective view showing the container 100a
  • FIG. 5 (b) is shown in FIG. 5 (a).
  • FIG. 5C and FIG. 5D show the storage container 100a shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, respectively, through the storage container 100a.
  • positioning of the cultivation unit 120 in the inside of 100a is shown.
  • 6A and 6B are views for explaining the storage tray 110 in the storage container 100a shown in FIG. 5A
  • FIG. 6A is a perspective view showing the storage tray 110
  • FIG. FIG. 6A shows the structure of the storage tray 110 viewed from the B6 direction
  • FIG. 6C shows the structure taken along the line CC of FIG. 6A.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the cultivation unit 120 in the container 100a shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 7A is a perspective view showing the cultivation unit 120
  • FIG. 7 (a) shows the structure of the cultivation unit 120 viewed from the B7 direction
  • FIG. 7 (c) shows the structure of the C7-C7 line cross section of FIG. 7 (a)
  • FIG. The structure which looked at the cultivation unit 120 shown to Fig.7 (a) from D7 direction is shown.
  • FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining a method of using the plant hydroponics system 1000 shown in FIG. 2 and shows a state where the container 100a is assembled.
  • FIG. 9 is a diagram for explaining how to use the plant hydroponics system 1000 shown in FIG. 2, and shows a state in which the storage container 100 a is arranged in the storage container 101 of the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100.
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining a standby state (state before supplying liquid) of the plant hydroponics system 1000 shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 10 (a) and FIG. 10 (b) are respectively diagrams. 4 (a) shows the structure of the XX line cross section and the YY line cross section.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the operating state of the plant hydroponics system 1000 shown in FIG. 2 (the state in which the water W is supplied to the storage container 101).
  • FIG. 11 (a) and FIG. 11 (b) ) Show the XX line cross section and the YY line cross section of FIG. FIG.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the water W supplied to the storage container 101 of the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 flows into the storage tray 110.
  • FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b) are diagrams respectively.
  • FIG. 4A shows a cross section taken along line XX and line YY.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a state in which the flow of water from the storage container 101 of the plant hydroponics apparatus 100 to the storage tray 110 is stopped, and FIGS. 13 (a) and 13 (b) respectively.
  • the XX line cross section and the YY line cross section of Fig.4 (a) are shown.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining an operating state of the plant hydroponic cultivation system 1000 shown in FIG. 2 (a state in which carbonated water is supplied to the container body 101), and FIG. 14 (a) and FIG. 14 (b) ) Show the structures of the XX line cross section and the YY line cross section of FIG.
  • microbubble refers to a bubble having a bubble diameter of approximately 1 to 50 ⁇ m or less.
  • nanobubble means a bubble having a bubble diameter of less than about 1 ⁇ m.
  • the storage container of the present invention may be any container that can store a liquid supplied to a plant to be cultivated by storing the plant storage container therein.
  • the storage container is typically a container having an open upper surface, and the shape and size of the container may be any shape and size.
  • the shape of the storage container of the present invention may be a rectangular parallelepiped shape or a cylindrical shape. As one preferable embodiment, it is set to a shape that matches the shape and size of the installation location for cultivation.
  • the storage container of the present invention may be made of any material.
  • a metal such as a stainless steel plate may be used, or a resin made of a resin such as acrylic may be used.
  • the storage container of the present invention may include an arbitrary discharge mechanism for discharging the stored liquid.
  • the discharge mechanism may be an opening provided at the bottom of the storage container, or may be a device such as a pump that actively discharges liquid.
  • the apparatus of the present invention includes an optional mechanism for supplying a first liquid at a first water level and a second liquid at a second water level.
  • the apparatus of the present invention includes a first liquid supply mechanism that supplies a first liquid at a first water level and a second liquid supply mechanism that supplies a second liquid at a second water level.
  • the first liquid may be a first gas / liquid mixed with a first gas.
  • the first gas may be any gas as long as it is suitable for permeating from the roots of plants.
  • it may be oxygen necessary for plant respiration, nitrogen as an element of plant fertilizer, ozone suitable for exerting a bactericidal effect on plants, oxygen and It may be air containing nitrogen.
  • the liquid is typically water.
  • the first liquid supply mechanism uses both water mixed with oxygen (referred to as “oxygen water”) and water mixed with ozone (referred to as “ozone water”) in a storage container. Can be supplied. Oxygen is preferred for plant growth and ozone is preferred for plant sterilization. Since oxygen and ozone have different purposes and applications, the first liquid supply mechanism supplies oxygen water and ozone water separately, but the present invention is not limited to this. Switching between the oxygen water and the ozone water of the first liquid supplied by the first liquid supply mechanism may be performed manually or automatically by an arbitrary sensor or timer. The sensor in the first fluid mechanism can typically detect plant disease or the presence of a pathogen in the root.
  • the first liquid supply mechanism can adjust the oxygen concentration of the oxygen water to be supplied in accordance with the oxygen concentration measured by the oxygen concentration meter.
  • This oxygen concentration measuring device may be a device known in the art. By having the oxygen concentration measuring device, the oxygen water supplied by the liquid supply mechanism can be adjusted to a desired oxygen concentration based on the obtained measurement result. It is preferable to have.
  • the first liquid supply mechanism can adjust the ozone concentration of the supplied ozone water according to the ozone concentration measured by the ozone concentration measuring instrument.
  • This ozone concentration measuring device may be a device known in the art.
  • the ozone concentration measuring device is a device that measures the concentration by evaporating ozone contained in the generated ozone water by evacuation.
  • the apparatus of the present invention is an ozone concentration measuring device. It is preferable to have.
  • the first gas in the first gas-liquid, is mixed with the first liquid in a microbubble state, and more preferably, the first gas is mixed with the first liquid in a nanobubble state.
  • the first gas typically oxygen
  • the first gas typically Specifically, the bactericidal action of the pathogen by ozone
  • microbubbles or nanobubbles contained in oxygen water or ozone water generate active oxygen at the moment of crushing in the storage container, and a sterilizing effect can be expected.
  • the first gas is mixed with the first liquid in the state of microbubbles or nanobubbles
  • the dissolved bubbles are damaged by the impact when the first liquid reaches the storage container, or large bubbles are generated by entraining air during flight in the air By doing so, it is possible to suppress the fine bubbles (micro bubbles and nano bubbles) from floating and disappearing on the water surface.
  • the supply port for supplying the first liquid toward the storage container is a large opening (for example, a diameter of about 10 mm to about 25 mm), and the water pressure (for example, about 0.01 MPa to about 0.00 mm) when passing through the supply port. More preferably, the pressure is reduced by 1 MPa) or the water pressure is reduced through a sealed container. In this way, when supplying the first liquid with a small opening (for example, a diameter of about 1 mm) and a high water pressure (for example, about 0.3 MPa or more), fine bubbles (micrometers) when passing through the supply port. This is because breakage of bubbles and nanobubbles can be suppressed.
  • the first liquid may contain, in addition to the first gas, any nutrient that is absorbed from the root of the plant and promotes the growth of the plant.
  • the second liquid may be a second gas / liquid mixed with a second gas.
  • This second gas may be carbon dioxide required for plant photosynthesis.
  • the liquid is typically water.
  • the second liquid supply mechanism of the present invention can supply water mixed with carbon dioxide (referred to as “carbonated water”).
  • the second gas is mixed with the second liquid in the microbubble state in the second gas liquid as well as the first gas liquid, and more preferably, the second gas is in the nanobubble state.
  • Two liquids are mixed.
  • the second gas-liquid is carbonated water, the more it is supplied as a bubble having a smaller particle size, the more quickly carbon dioxide is generated from the carbonated water without being released immediately even when it is exposed to the air. Therefore, carbon dioxide can be supplied little by little around the plant to be cultivated gradually and stably over a long period of time.
  • the second gas-liquid for example, carbonated water
  • the second gas-liquid starts to be released toward the periphery of the plant simultaneously with the supply to the storage container. Since it is preferable, an impact may be given to the bubble at the time of supply to the storage container.
  • carbon dioxide is present as microbubbles or nanobubbles
  • dropping, discharging or releasing carbonated water impacts the bubbles when supplied to the storage container and is preferred because carbon dioxide is released from the water. . Therefore, in one specific embodiment, the second gas-liquid supply port by the second gas-liquid supply mechanism is present at a higher position than the first gas-liquid supply port by the first gas-liquid supply mechanism.
  • the second gas-liquid supply mechanism can supply the storage container with droplets that do not float.
  • carbon dioxide contained in the liquid is immediately released from the liquid when the second gas-liquid touches the outside air. The release of too early is suppressed. Therefore, even if the droplet touches the outside air, the carbon dioxide contained therein is not released immediately but is released slowly.
  • the present invention contemplates supplying carbon dioxide stably to plants over a long period of time by gradually releasing carbon dioxide from carbonated water.
  • the second gas-liquid supply mechanism may include a heating unit that raises the temperature of the carbonated water.
  • the heating means can be any means that can heat the second liquid.
  • Switching between the start and stop of the supply of carbonated water, which is the second liquid, by the second liquid supply mechanism may be performed manually or automatically by an arbitrary sensor or timer.
  • the sensor in the second liquid mechanism may typically be an illuminance sensor that measures solar radiation in a plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus, a CO 2 sensor that measures carbon dioxide concentration, or the like.
  • control may be performed so that carbonated water is supplied for a preset time by a timer (for example, a time from 6 am to 3 pm).
  • the concentration of carbon dioxide in the carbonated water supplied by the second liquid supply mechanism is not particularly limited, but the pH decreases as the carbon dioxide concentration increases.
  • the carbonated water concentration is about 1000 ppm and the pH is about 4.5.
  • the liquid supply mechanism of the present invention can supply the first liquid and the second liquid at different water levels (the first liquid at the first water level and the second liquid at the second water level).
  • the first liquid is oxygen water and / or ozone water and the second liquid is carbonated water
  • the first liquid is preferably in contact with the plant root
  • the second liquid is a plant. It is preferable not to contact the roots of This is because the carbonated water prevents the roots of plants from absorbing oxygen and may cause damage such as root rot. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the first water level is a level at which the first liquid enters the storage container containing the plant, and the second water level is in the storage container where the second liquid stores the plant. The water level may not enter.
  • the adjustment of the first water level and the second water level may be achieved by providing an opening at a position that does not exceed the water level, or the amount of the first liquid or the second liquid supplied by the liquid supply mechanism may be adjusted. It may be achieved by adjusting.
  • an opening for discharging the first liquid may be provided at a position corresponding to the first water level
  • an opening for discharging the second liquid may be provided at a position corresponding to the second water level.
  • the first water level is higher than the second water level, but is not limited to this.
  • the first liquid supply mechanism and the second liquid supply mechanism may be driven exclusively. This makes it possible to avoid mixing the first liquid and the second liquid, which are different liquids. Exclusive driving of the two liquid supply mechanisms can be achieved by known control mechanisms.
  • the container which accommodates the plant of this invention is arbitrary containers which can be used for hydroponics, and what kind of thing may be sufficient as long as the root of a plant can be accommodated inside.
  • the plant storage container of the present invention is typically a container having an open top surface.
  • the shape and size of the container can be any shape and size.
  • the shape of the storage container of the present invention may be a rectangular parallelepiped shape or a cylindrical shape.
  • the shape and the size of the storage container are the same as the shape and the size of the plant to be stored and the shape and the size of the storage container for storing the storage container.
  • the storage container may be a single container, or a multiple container including an outer container that stores the first liquid and an inner container that is stored in the outer container and supports the roots of the plant. Also good.
  • a multiple container including an outer container and an inner container In order to prevent the root rot by ensuring air permeability to the roots of the plant, and from the viewpoint of making it possible to adjust the water level of the first liquid with respect to the plant, it is preferable to use a multiple container including an outer container and an inner container.
  • the bottom of the inner container has a liquid introduction hole for supplying the first liquid stored in the outer container to the plant root.
  • the inner container may be fixed with respect to the outer container, or may be detachable. It is preferable to make the inner container detachable with respect to the outer container from the viewpoint of easily performing a plant root cutting operation or the like.
  • One inner container may be stored in one outer container, or a plurality of inner containers may be stored in one outer container.
  • the container of the present invention preferably includes a first liquid water level adjusting means for the plant.
  • the water level adjusting means adjusts the relative height of the inner container with respect to the outer container, whereby the positional relationship between the plant housed in the inner container and the first liquid stored in the outer container. Can be adjusted.
  • the water level adjusting means include, but are not limited to, a protrusion that defines the height of the plant or a spacer that is separate from the outer container and the inner container.
  • the water level adjusting means may be provided on the upper surface of the outer container and / or may be provided on the lower surface of the inner container. By providing such a water level adjusting means, it becomes possible to arrange the height of the plant at an appropriate position with respect to the water level of the first liquid.
  • the outer container may be provided with a discharge hole for discharging the first liquid stored in the outer container.
  • the container of the present invention can be made of any material.
  • a metal such as a stainless steel plate may be used, or a resin made of a resin such as acrylic may be used.
  • a resin from the viewpoint of corrosion resistance and light weight, but the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the apparatus of the present invention includes an arbitrary mechanism for discharging the first liquid supplied to the storage container (including the storage container) by the first liquid supply mechanism and the second liquid supplied to the storage container by the second liquid supply mechanism. Including.
  • the discharge of the first liquid and the discharge of the second liquid may be performed by the same mechanism or by separate mechanisms. Examples of the mechanism for discharging the first liquid and the second liquid include, but are not limited to, an opening at the bottom and a liquid suction pump.
  • the discharged first liquid and the second liquid can be circulated to the first liquid supply mechanism and the second liquid supply mechanism, respectively, so that the discharged liquid can be reused.
  • the first liquid discharged from the first liquid discharge mechanism and the second liquid discharged from the second liquid discharge mechanism are returned to the first liquid supply mechanism and the second liquid supply mechanism, respectively, so that they can be reused. Or you may make it discharge
  • the present invention further provides an opening for discharging the first liquid at a position corresponding to the first water level, and an opening for discharging the second liquid at a position corresponding to the second water level. May be. By providing these openings, the first liquid supplied over the first water level and the second liquid supplied over the second water level can be discharged, and the intended adjustment of the water level is achieved. .
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining a configuration of a plant hydroponics system 1000 according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • the inventor names the plant hydroponic cultivation system 1000 shown in FIG. 1 as a “multistage fine bubble cultivation system”.
  • the plant hydroponics system 1000 of Embodiment 1 includes a storage container 100a that stores plants, and a plant hydroponics apparatus 100 that hydroponically cultivates the plants stored in the storage container 100a.
  • the plant hydroponics apparatus 100 includes a storage container 101 for storing liquids such as oxygen water W, ozone water Ow, carbonated water Sw, and a first liquid supply mechanism that provides the storage container 101 with a first liquid at a first water level. M1 and a second liquid supply mechanism M2 that provides the storage container 101 with the second liquid at the second water level.
  • the first liquid supply mechanism M1 is a first gas generation unit 13 that generates a first gas, and a first gas generated in the first gas generation unit 13 is mixed with water (liquid) supplied from the outside to be first. It has the 1st liquid production
  • the first liquid tank (oxygen-containing water tank) 11 includes the first liquid recovered from the storage container 101 and the oxygen water W or ozone water supplied from the first liquid generator (oxygen-containing water generator) 12. Ow is accumulated, and oxygen water W or ozone water Ow circulates between the first liquid tank 11 and the first liquid generator 12.
  • the second liquid supply mechanism M2 includes a second liquid supply unit 20 that supplies the second liquid to the storage container 101. Further, the second liquid supply mechanism M2 may include a second liquid tank 21 that stores the second liquid recovered from the storage container 101.
  • a case where carbon dioxide is used as the second gas and carbonated water is used as the second liquid will be described.
  • the present invention is not limited to this.
  • the carbonated water collected from the storage container 101 and accumulated in the second liquid tank 21 (carbonated water tank) may be returned to the second liquid supply unit (carbonated water supply unit) 20 for circulation. By circulating, carbonated water in which carbon dioxide gas is dissolved can be used effectively.
  • the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 has an operation unit 30 for operating the first liquid supply mechanism M1 and the second liquid supply mechanism M2, and the first gas generation unit 13 and the first liquid generation from the operation unit 30.
  • Operation signals C13, C12, C10, and C20 for operating them are output to the unit 12, the water supply unit 10, and the second liquid supply unit 20.
  • the storage container 101 is configured so that the storage container 100a can be disposed in the storage container 101, and the storage container 100a is placed on the plant stored in the storage container 100a disposed in the storage container 101.
  • the liquid to be provided is supplied as a liquid or as a gas.
  • the storage container 101 may be provided with a water level detection sensor for detecting the water level of various liquids. In that case, oxygen water W or ozone water Ow by the water supply unit 10 based on an output signal of the water level detection sensor. It is preferable that the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 is configured such that supply of certain oxygen-containing water to the storage container 101 and supply of carbonated water Sw to the storage container 101 by the second liquid supply unit 20 are controlled.
  • FIG. 2 to 4 are diagrams for explaining a specific configuration of the plant hydroponic cultivation system 1000 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an external appearance of the plant hydroponic cultivation system 1000.
  • FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a storage container 100a disposed inside the storage container 101 through the storage container 101 of the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100, and FIG. 4 (a) and FIG. It is a top view which shows the structure which looked at the plant hydroponics system 1000 shown to A2 direction and B2 direction.
  • the storage container 101 is supported at a certain height from the floor surface by the container legs 101a.
  • a carbonated water supply pipe 103 is attached to the storage container 101 along opposite side walls extending in the longitudinal direction, and one end of the carbonated water supply pipe 103 is connected to the carbonated water supply part 20 via a connection hose H1.
  • the carbonated water supply unit 20 uses a carbonic acid mixer that mixes carbon dioxide gas with water to generate carbonated water Sw.
  • the carbonic acid mixer may be provided with a fine bubble generator.
  • the microbubble generator can be any device that generates microbubbles (microbubbles and / or nanobubbles).
  • a carbonated water tank 21 is disposed below the end of the storage container 101 on the side where the carbonated mixer is disposed, and carbonated water Sw is supplied from the storage container 101 to the storage container 101.
  • a first carbonated water discharge pipe 105a which is a first second liquid discharge part for discharging to the carbonated water tank 21 and a second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b which is a second second liquid discharge part are connected. Yes.
  • the first carbonated water discharge pipe 105a and the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b constitute a second liquid discharge mechanism.
  • the opening end connected to the storage container 101 of the first carbonated water discharge pipe 105a coincides with the bottom surface of the storage container 101 and is connected to the storage container 101 of the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b.
  • the open end protrudes to a position higher than the bottom surface of the storage container 101 by a predetermined dimension.
  • a first opening / closing valve 105a1 and a second opening / closing valve 105b1 are attached to the first carbonated water discharge pipe 105a and the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b, respectively.
  • the first carbonated water discharge pipe 105a functions as a drain pipe for extracting the carbonated water Sw from the storage container 101, and the first on-off valve 105a1 is closed to close the first on-off valve 105a1.
  • the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b has a constant level of the carbonated water Sw in the storage container 101 (one end of the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b is at the storage container 101). It functions as an overflow pipe that is restricted to a height that protrudes from the bottom surface.
  • the first on-off valve 105a1 and the second on-off valve 105b may be an electric on-off valve such as an electromagnetic valve or a manual on-off valve.
  • a carbon water discharge filter 105c that removes foreign matters such as leaves and dust may be attached to the ends of the first carbonated water discharge pipe 105a and the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b on the carbonated water tank 21 side.
  • a water supply pipe 102 connected to the water supply unit 10 is attached below the bottom surface of the storage container 101.
  • the water supply pipe 102 includes a water supply main pipe 102 a extending along the longitudinal direction of the storage container 101, and a liquid inflow hole 101 b formed in the bottom surface of the water supply main pipe 102 a and the storage container 101 (see FIG. 9A). ), A water supply connection pipe 102b for connecting the water supply main pipe 102a to the water supply pump which is the water supply unit 10, and a water supply connection pipe 102b connected to the water supply main pipe 102a.
  • the water supply connecting pipe 102b is provided with an open / close valve 102b1, and the water supply pump discharge pipe 10a is also provided with an open / close valve 10a1.
  • An oxygen-containing water tank 11 is disposed below the end of the storage container 101 opposite to the end on which the carbonic acid mixer is disposed, and the storage container 101 includes a storage container.
  • the first oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104a and the second first liquid discharge portion which are first first liquid discharge portions for discharging oxygen water W or ozone water Ow from the inside 101 to the oxygen-containing water tank 11.
  • a certain second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b is connected.
  • the first oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104a and the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b constitute a first liquid discharge mechanism.
  • the open end connected to the storage container 101 of the first oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104a coincides with the bottom surface of the storage container 101, and is connected to the storage container 101 of the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b.
  • the opened end projects to a position higher than the bottom surface of the storage container 101 by a predetermined dimension.
  • a first on-off valve 104a1 and a second on-off valve 104b1 are attached to the first oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104a and the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b, respectively.
  • the first ozone water discharge pipe 104a functions as a drain pipe for extracting the oxygen water W or the ozone water Ow from the storage container 101, and the first opening / closing valve 104a1.
  • the second on-off valve 104b1 is opened, so that the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b can keep the water level of the oxygen water W or the ozone water Ow in the storage container 101 at a certain level (second oxygen-containing water level).
  • It functions as an overflow pipe that restricts one end of the water discharge pipe 104b to a height protruding from the bottom surface of the storage container 101).
  • the first on-off valve 104a1 and the second on-off valve 104b1 may be an electric on-off valve such as an electromagnetic valve or a manual on-off valve.
  • an oxygen-containing water discharge filter 104c that removes foreign matters such as leaves and dust is attached to the ends of the first oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104a and the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b on the oxygen-containing water tank 11 side. May be.
  • An oxygen-containing water suction pipe 11a and an oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 11b are attached to the oxygen-containing water tank 11, and the oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 11b is connected to the water absorption pipe 10b of the water pump 10 by a connection hose H3. Yes.
  • the oxygen-containing water suction pipe 11a of the oxygen-containing water tank 11 is connected to the oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 12b of the oxygen-containing water generating unit 12 by a connection hose H4.
  • An open / close valve 11a1 and an open / close valve 11b1 are provided in the oxygen-containing water suction pipe 11a and the oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 11b, respectively.
  • a fine bubble generator 11 c may be provided in the oxygen-containing water tank 11.
  • the fine bubble generating device 11c can be any device that generates fine bubbles (microbubbles and / or nanobubbles).
  • Oxygen water W or ozone water Ow containing microbubbles (microbubbles and / or nanobubbles) generated by the microbubble generator 11c is connected to the oxygen-containing water recovery pipe 12a of the oxygen-containing water generator 12 by a connecting hose H5. ing.
  • the oxygen-containing water generating unit 12 is supplied with oxygen gas Og and ozone gas from the oxygen generating unit 13.
  • the position of the open end connected to the storage container 101 of the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b that is, the height from the bottom surface of the storage container 101 is the storage container 101 of the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b. It is higher than the position of the open end connected to the bottom, that is, the height from the bottom surface of the storage container 101.
  • the water level of the oxygen water W or the ozone water Ow supplied to the storage container 101 can be higher than the water level of the carbonated water Sw supplied to the storage container 101.
  • FIG. 5 is a view for explaining the container 100a shown in FIG. 4, FIG. 5 (a) is a perspective view showing the container 100a, and FIG. 5 (b) is shown in FIG. 5 (a).
  • FIG. 5C and FIG. 5D show the storage container 100a shown in FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B, respectively, through the storage container 100a. The arrangement
  • the storage container 100a includes a cultivation unit 120 (inner container) having a plurality of cup-shaped bodies 122 and a storage tray 110 (outer container) on which the cultivation unit 120 is placed.
  • a cultivation unit 120 inner container
  • a storage tray 110 outer container
  • FIG. 6A and 6B are views for explaining the storage tray 110 in the storage container 100a shown in FIG. 5A
  • FIG. 6A is a perspective view showing the storage tray 110
  • FIG. FIG. 6A shows the structure of the storage tray 110 viewed from the B6 direction
  • FIG. 6C shows the structure taken along the line CC of FIG. 6A.
  • the storage tray 110 has a side wall portion 112, a bottom surface portion 111 formed at the lower end of the side wall portion 112, and a flange portion 113 formed at the upper end edge of the side wall portion 112, and the upper surface of the storage tray 110 is cultivated.
  • An opening is provided to allow the unit 120 to be taken in and out of the storage tray 110.
  • the storage tray 110 is configured such that the first liquid accumulates to a certain depth inside.
  • the height of the side wall 112 of the storage tray 110 is higher than the height at which one end of the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b protrudes from the bottom surface of the storage container 101, and one end of the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b is It is lower than the height protruding from the bottom surface of the storage container 101.
  • the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b functions as an overflow pipe, so that the oxygen water W or the ozone water Ow is discharged from the storage container 101. It will not overflow.
  • FIG. 7 is a diagram for explaining the cultivation unit 120 in the container 100a shown in FIG. 5A
  • FIG. 7A is a perspective view showing the cultivation unit 120
  • FIG. 7 (a) shows the structure of the cultivation unit 120 viewed from the B7 direction
  • FIG. 7 (c) shows the structure of the C7-C7 line cross section of FIG. 7 (a)
  • FIG. The structure which looked at the cultivation unit 120 shown to Fig.7 (a) from D7 direction is shown.
  • a plurality of openings 121a are formed in the plate-like body 121 constituting the cultivation unit 120 so as to be arranged vertically and horizontally, and a cup-like body 122 is provided below the plate-like body 121 at a position corresponding to the plurality of openings 121a. Is attached, and the inside of the cup-shaped body 122 is a plant cultivation part 123.
  • the size of the cultivation unit shows a case where a plurality of cup-shaped bodies can be stored, but is not limited thereto.
  • the size of the cultivation unit may be a size that can accommodate one cup-shaped body.
  • a liquid introduction hole 122 a for introducing a first liquid (for example, oxygen water W or ozone water Ow) into the cup-like body 122 is formed on the bottom surface of the cup-like body 122.
  • the cultivation unit 120 In the state where the cultivation unit 120 is placed on the accommodation tray 110, the cultivation unit 120 is configured such that the first liquid accumulated in the accommodation tray 110 is introduced into the plant cultivation unit 123 from the liquid introduction hole 122 a of the cup-shaped body 122. It is configured.
  • FIG. 8 and 9 are diagrams for explaining a method of using the plant hydroponics system 1000 shown in FIG. 2, FIG. 8 shows an operation of assembling the storage container 100a, and FIG. 9 shows the storage container 100a. The operation
  • roots, stems, or seedlings of plants to be grown such as strawberries and tomatoes are accommodated in the plant cultivation unit 123 of the cultivation unit 120.
  • the container 100 a is assembled by placing the cultivation unit 120 on the accommodation tray 110 so that the plurality of cup-shaped bodies 122 of the cultivation unit 120 are accommodated inside the accommodation tray 110. .
  • the storage container 100 a is arranged on the bottom surface of the storage container 101 of the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 with a certain interval.
  • the plant hydroponics system 1000 is in a state where the plant can be grown (standby state).
  • FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a standby state (state before supplying liquid) of the plant hydroponics system 1000 shown in FIG. 2, and FIG. 10 (a) and FIG. 10 (b) are respectively shown in FIG. XX line cross section and YY line cross section.
  • the liquid is not supplied to the storage container 101 of the plant hydroponics apparatus 100.
  • the open / close valve 105a1 and the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b of the first carbonated water discharge pipe 105a are opened and closed in this standby state.
  • the valve 105b1 is closed, the open / close valve 104a1 of the first oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104a is closed, and the open / close valve 104b1 of the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b is opened.
  • the oxygen-containing water generation unit 12 operates, so that oxygen is added to the water. Is supplied to the oxygen-containing water tank 11, and the oxygen water is accumulated in the oxygen-containing water tank 11.
  • the oxygen water W passes through the water supply pipe 102 and forms a liquid inflow hole 101b formed in the bottom surface part of the storage container 101 (FIG. 9). To the inside of the storage container 101. As a result, the oxygen water W flows into the storage container 101 from the liquid inflow hole 101b, and the water level of the oxygen water stored in the storage container 101 gradually rises.
  • FIG. 11 is a diagram for explaining the operating state of the plant hydroponics system 1000 shown in FIG. 2 (the state in which the oxygen water W is supplied to the storage container 101), and FIG. 11 (a) and FIG. b) shows the XX line cross section and the YY line cross section of FIG. 4 (a), respectively.
  • FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the oxygen water W supplied to the storage container 101 of the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100 flows into the storage tray 110.
  • FIGS. 12 (a) and 12 (b) The XX line cross section and the YY line cross section of Fig.4 (a) are shown.
  • the oxygen water W When the oxygen water W accumulates inside the storage tray 110, the oxygen water W enters the plant cultivation unit 123 from the liquid introduction hole 122 a of the cup-shaped body 122 of the cultivation unit 120 arranged in the storage tray 110. . Thereby, oxygen water W is supplied to the plant accommodated in the cup-shaped body 122.
  • the water supply unit 10 When the water supply unit 10 is stopped by the operation of the operator or the detection output of the water level detection sensor when the oxygen water W containing oxygen in an amount necessary for plant respiration is accumulated in the storage tray 110, the water is stored from the storage container 101. The inflow of oxygen water W into the tray 110 is also stopped.
  • FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a state in which the flow of the oxygen water W from the storage container 101 of the plant hydroponics apparatus 100 to the storage tray 110 is stopped, and FIGS. 13 (a) and 13 (b) are diagrams.
  • FIG. 4A shows a cross section taken along line XX and a cross section taken along line YY in FIG.
  • the plant hydroponics system 1000 will be in the standby state which can supply the 2nd liquid to the storage container 101 of the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100.
  • the plant hydroponics system 1000 will be in the standby state which can supply the 2nd liquid to the storage container 101 of the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100.
  • the open / close valves 104a1 and 104b1 of the first oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104a and the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b are closed to discharge the first carbonated water.
  • the open / close valve 105a1 of the pipe 105a is closed, and the open / close valve 105b1 of the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b is opened.
  • the water level of the carbonated water Sw stored in the storage container 101 is set to a water level corresponding to a height at which one end of the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105 b protrudes from the bottom surface of the storage container 101.
  • FIG. 14 is a diagram for explaining an operating state of the plant hydroponic cultivation system 1000 shown in FIG. 2 (a state in which carbonated water is supplied to the container body 101), and FIG. 14 (a) and FIG. 14 (b) ) Show the structures of the XX line cross section and the YY line cross section of FIG.
  • the first oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104a, the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b, the first carbonated water discharge pipe 105a, and the second carbonic acid connected to the storage container 101 are used. Since only the open / close valve 105b1 of the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b of the water discharge pipe 105b is open, the carbonic acid carbonate is at a height at which one end of the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b protrudes from the bottom surface of the storage container 101.
  • the water level of the water Sw is determined. In this case, the water level of the carbonated water Sw is a water level that does not exceed the height of the side wall of the storage tray 110.
  • the carbonated water Sw is not supplied to the cultivation unit 120 beyond the accommodation tray 110 as shown in FIG. 14, and the carbon dioxide evaporated around the accommodation tray 110 is accommodated in the plant cultivation unit 123 of the cultivation unit 120. It is absorbed from the leaves of plants that have been. For this reason, around the cultivation unit 120, the carbon dioxide concentration can be kept constant over a long period of time, and plant photosynthesis can be performed efficiently.
  • the supply of carbonated water Sw by the carbonated water supply pipe 103 is stopped, and the open / close valve 105a1 of the first carbonated water discharge pipe 105a is opened, so that the carbonic acid accumulated in the storage container 101.
  • Water Sw is discharged into the carbonated water tank 21.
  • the carbonated water Sw has an effect of sterilizing an apparatus such as a storage container. If necessary, carbonated water Sw may be supplied when sterilizing an apparatus such as a storage container.
  • the higher the carbon dioxide concentration the higher the sterilization effect can be obtained, so the carbon dioxide concentration may be increased.
  • ozone water Ow is supplied into the storage tray 110 by the first liquid supply mechanism M1.
  • the operator opens the open / close valve 104b1 of the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b, opens / closes the open / close valve 104a1 of the first oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104a, and the open / close valve 105a1 of the first carbonated water discharge pipe 105a.
  • the opening / closing valve 105b1 of the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b is closed.
  • the water level of the ozone water Ow collected in the storage container 101 is set by the dimension in which one end of the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b protrudes from the bottom surface of the storage container 101.
  • the oxygen-containing water generation unit 12 is activated with the oxygen generation unit 13 activated.
  • the ozone water Ow is supplied to the oxygen-containing water tank 11, and the ozone water Ow is accumulated in the oxygen-containing water tank 11.
  • the ozone water Ow accumulated in the oxygen-containing water tank 11 is sent out to the water supply pipe 102 by the water supply section 10, the ozone water Ow passes through the water supply pipe 102 and is formed into a liquid inflow hole 101b formed in the bottom surface portion of the storage container 101 (FIG. 9) to the inside of the storage container 101.
  • the water level of the ozone water Ow supplied to the storage container 101 from the liquid inflow hole 101 b on the bottom surface of the storage container 101 is the storage tray 110. Until it reaches the height of the side wall 112, it does not enter the inside of the storage tray 110. Thereafter, when the water level of the ozone water Ow supplied to the storage container 101 rises and exceeds the height of the side wall 112 of the storage tray 110, the ozone water Ow supplied into the storage container 101 becomes the side wall 112 of the storage tray 110. And flows into the storage tray 110, flows into the storage tray 110, and the ozone water Ow accumulates in the storage tray 110.
  • the ozone water Ow When the ozone water Ow accumulates inside the storage tray 110, the ozone water Ow enters the plant cultivation unit 123 from the liquid introduction hole 122a of the cup-shaped body 122 of the cultivation unit 120 disposed in the storage tray 110. . Thereby, ozone water Ow is supplied to the plant accommodated in the cup-shaped body 122, and sterilization is performed. Ozone water Ow also has the effect of sterilizing devices such as storage containers in addition to sterilizing plants. Instead of plant sterilization, ozone water Ow may be supplied as necessary when sterilizing an apparatus such as a storage container.
  • the plant hydroponics system 1000 will be in the standby state which can supply the liquid to the storage container 101 of the plant hydroponic cultivation apparatus 100.
  • the opening and closing valves of the first oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104a, the second oxygen-containing water discharge pipe 104b, the first carbonated water discharge pipe 105a, and the second carbonated water discharge pipe 105b are opened and closed.
  • a sensor that detects the state of the plant for example, disease or growth failure
  • the control device mounted on the operation unit supplies ozone water Ow for sterilization to the plant based on the detection output, You may make it supply the solution used as a nutrient.
  • the first liquid supply mechanism M1 and the second liquid supply mechanism M2 may be exclusively driven. This makes it possible to avoid mixing the first liquid and the second liquid, which are different liquids.
  • the present invention more uniformly absorbs liquid by a plant and absorbs gas evaporated from the liquid according to the type of liquid to be cultivated. It is useful as what can implement

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydroponics (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif de culture hydroponique de plantes avec lequel l'absorption de liquide par les plantes et l'absorption d'air vaporisé à partir du liquide peuvent être réalisées de manière plus uniforme, en fonction du type de liquide fourni aux plantes cultivées. Un dispositif de culture hydroponique de plantes (100) comprend : un récipient de stockage (101) permettant l'accumulation de liquide; un premier mécanisme d'alimentation en liquide (M1) qui fournit un premier liquide au récipient de stockage (101) à un premier niveau de liquide; et un second mécanisme d'alimentation en liquide (M2) qui fournit un second liquide au récipient de stockage (101) à un second niveau de liquide.
PCT/JP2018/014276 2017-04-04 2018-04-03 Dispositif de culture hydroponique de plantes, système de culture hydroponique de plantes, et procédé de culture WO2018186401A1 (fr)

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JP2017074730A JP6254734B1 (ja) 2017-04-04 2017-04-04 植物水耕栽培装置、植物水耕栽培システムおよび栽培方法
JP2017-074730 2017-04-04

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TWI714174B (zh) * 2019-07-19 2020-12-21 林柏翰 奈米氣泡製造方法、系統及肥料製造方法、裝置
KR102400629B1 (ko) * 2021-10-27 2022-05-20 주식회사 지에스에프시스템 식물 재배 장치
WO2025015166A1 (fr) * 2023-07-12 2025-01-16 Rebel Cultures, Llc Dispositifs et procédés de culture de tissu végétal

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011110028A (ja) * 2009-11-30 2011-06-09 Tokuju Kogyo Co Ltd 植物栽培方法及び植物栽培装置
JP2015053888A (ja) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-23 パナソニック株式会社 水耕栽培装置
JP2015097509A (ja) * 2013-11-19 2015-05-28 サンスター技研株式会社 超微細粒子を利用した植物栽培方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011110028A (ja) * 2009-11-30 2011-06-09 Tokuju Kogyo Co Ltd 植物栽培方法及び植物栽培装置
JP2015053888A (ja) * 2013-09-11 2015-03-23 パナソニック株式会社 水耕栽培装置
JP2015097509A (ja) * 2013-11-19 2015-05-28 サンスター技研株式会社 超微細粒子を利用した植物栽培方法

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