WO2018188027A1 - Procédé de commande et système de commande pour moteur électrique multi-puissance à plusieurs vitesses - Google Patents
Procédé de commande et système de commande pour moteur électrique multi-puissance à plusieurs vitesses Download PDFInfo
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- WO2018188027A1 WO2018188027A1 PCT/CN2017/080459 CN2017080459W WO2018188027A1 WO 2018188027 A1 WO2018188027 A1 WO 2018188027A1 CN 2017080459 W CN2017080459 W CN 2017080459W WO 2018188027 A1 WO2018188027 A1 WO 2018188027A1
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- phase
- voltage
- winding
- contactor
- speed
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 167
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P4/00—Arrangements specially adapted for regulating or controlling the speed or torque of electric motors that can be connected to two or more different electric power supplies
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to a multi-speed multi-power motor control method and control system.
- the frictional resistance of the equipment is very high when starting, and it is necessary to provide sufficient starting torque to make the equipment work.
- the device can operate according to the inertia, and the sliding friction of the device is small. At this time, only a small torque is needed to maintain the operation of the device.
- the output torque corresponds to the output power. Therefore, selecting a large torque motor means that the power of the motor should also be amplified.
- only a small power motor can be used to maintain operation, and high power is selected. The motor means an increase in energy consumption.
- the motor manufacturer has designed a multi-winding motor that can realize multi-speed and multi-power operation.
- the contactor has been used to directly convert the individual windings.
- the current impact is large when the contactor is switched, it is necessary to select a contactor whose capacity is much larger than the normal use capacity. But even then, the damage rate of the contactor is still high.
- a multi-speed multi-power motor control method comprising:
- the frequency converter drives the first winding and detects the first winding speed. When the first winding speed reaches a predetermined speed, the frequency converter stops outputting, and then disconnects the first contactor;
- the second contactor After detecting that the first contactor is completely disconnected, the second contactor is sucked, and the frequency converter is electrically connected to the second winding through the second contactor;
- the frequency converter drives the second winding and tracks the phase current and the phase voltage of the second winding, and obtains the second winding according to the phase current and the phase voltage of the second winding. Motor speed and phase;
- the third contactor After detecting that the second contactor is completely disconnected, the third contactor is attracted, and the second winding is smoothly switched to a power frequency operation.
- a multi-speed multi-power motor control system comprising:
- the first contactor has one end connected to the other end of the inverter output end connected to the first winding
- a third contactor one end connected to the three-phase voltage input end and the other end connected to the second winding;
- the frequency converter is configured to pull the first contactor to make the frequency converter conduct the first winding through the first contactor; drive the first winding and detect the first winding speed, and stop when the first winding speed reaches the predetermined speed
- the inverter outputs, and then disconnects the first contactor; when detecting that the first contactor is completely disconnected, the second contactor is sucked to make the inverter pass through the second contactor and the second winding; when detecting After the second contactor is fully engaged, driving the second winding and tracking the phase current and the phase voltage of the second winding, and obtaining the motor speed and phase corresponding to the second winding according to the phase current and the phase voltage of the second winding; Describe the motor speed and phase of the second winding, so that the frequency converter smoothly controls the second winding; detects the working frequency of the second winding, and phase locks the input voltage and the output voltage of the frequency converter when the working frequency of the second winding reaches the power frequency. When the phase is locked, the inverter stops outputting, and then the
- the contactor feedback signal is detected in real time. If the feedback signal indicates that the contactor has not been pulled or disconnected at this time, the next control action is temporarily stopped. When it is detected that the contactor feedback signal indicates that the contact has been reliably pulled or disconnected, the next step is to drive the motor or switch the contactor, so that no large inrush current is generated, and the inverter is not damaged or the inverter is tripped.
- the frequency converter is smoothly switched to the second winding through the speed tracking module, and the second winding is smoothly switched from the frequency converter to the power frequency operation by phase locking the input voltage and the output voltage of the frequency converter, and the current impact is small in the switching project.
- FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a multi-speed multi-power motor control method in an embodiment
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of shaping an original sine wave signal into a square wave signal in an embodiment
- FIG. 5 is a waveform diagram of a frequency-cutting cut-off frequency when no phase detection is performed in an embodiment
- FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a multi-speed multi-power motor control method in another embodiment
- FIG. 8 is a structural block diagram of a multi-speed multi-power motor control system in an embodiment
- FIG. 9 is a partial circuit diagram of a speed tracking module in an embodiment
- Figure 10 is a block diagram showing another structure of a multi-speed multi-power motor control system in an embodiment.
- a flowchart of a multi-speed multi-power motor control method the multi-speed multi-power motor includes at least a first winding, a second winding, a first contactor, a second contactor and a third contactor, and the control method includes The following steps S110 to S170.
- Step S110 Pulling the first contactor to make the inverter pass through the first contactor and the first winding.
- the frequency converter first controls the action of the first relay, controls the first contactor to be turned on and on, and connects the output end of the frequency converter to the first winding.
- Step S120 The frequency converter drives the first winding and detects the first winding speed. When the first winding speed reaches the predetermined speed, the inverter stops outputting, and then the first contactor is disconnected.
- the frequency converter detects the first winding speed through the speed detecting module. When the predetermined speed is reached, the second winding of the first winding is switched. The switching process first stops the output of the frequency converter, and then disconnects the first contactor.
- the nameplate parameters of the multi-speed multi-power motor can be input into the motor parameter module of the inverter first, which can be input through the inverter's own operation panel; the stator resistance corresponding to each motor speed of the motor is obtained by the parameter self-tuning function built in the inverter. , rotor resistance, leakage inductance, mutual inductance, no-load current and other parameters. Referred to as the first group of parameters, the second group of parameters.
- the first set of parameters corresponds to the first winding
- the second set of parameters corresponds to the second winding.
- the rated speed of the first winding is obtained according to the first set of parameters.
- the predetermined rotational speed may be equal to the rated rotational speed of the first winding, or may be less than the rated rotational speed of the first winding as needed.
- the frequency converter controls the action of the second relay to control the second contactor to be turned on and off, and the output end of the frequency converter is connected to the second winding.
- Step S140 After detecting that the second contactor is fully engaged, the inverter drives the second winding and tracks the phase current and the phase voltage of the second winding, and obtains the motor speed of the second winding according to the phase current and the phase voltage of the second winding. With phase.
- the speed tracking module when the frequency converter drives the second winding, the speed tracking module is started, and the speed tracking module tracks the phase current and the phase voltage of the second winding. Specifically, the speed tracking module calculates a first phase voltage and a second phase voltage of the three-phase voltage of the second winding to obtain a first determination voltage, and the rotation speed tracking module compares the second phase voltage of the three-phase voltage of the second winding The third phase voltage is calculated to obtain a second determination voltage.
- the motor rotates
- the direction is the first direction, otherwise the motor rotation direction is the second direction opposite to the first direction.
- the first direction may be a counterclockwise direction
- the second direction may be a clockwise direction.
- the first direction may be a clockwise direction
- the second direction may be a counterclockwise direction.
- the first phase voltage and the second phase voltage of the three-phase voltage in the second winding form a first set of phase voltages, a second phase voltage, and a third phase voltage to form a second set of phase voltages, the first set of phase voltages or a second
- the phase voltages are subjected to two sets of differential proportional operations to obtain two unequal first base voltages and second base voltages, wherein the first base voltage is smaller than the second base voltage; the first base voltage is sampled and the maximum value of the sampled values is obtained. If the maximum value of the sampled value is less than the preset threshold, the second base voltage is the first determination voltage or the second determination voltage, otherwise the first base voltage is the first determination voltage or the second determination voltage.
- the preset threshold is a voltage value, which is mainly used to distinguish between a large voltage and a small voltage, and can be obtained by a rated voltage of 1/3 to 1/4 of the driver. Of course, in order to distinguish between a large voltage and a small voltage, other values can be set.
- obtaining the maximum value of the sampled value may be obtained by the following method: the first base voltage is determined from the negative to positive change, and the magnitude of the first basic voltage is determined, and the larger first basic voltage in each comparison is set as the sampling. The maximum value of the value until the first base voltage is negative.
- the first determination voltage may be subjected to low-pass filtering and/or zero-bias processing to be an AD voltage having a small amplification factor.
- the second determination voltage may be subjected to low-pass filtering and/or zero-bias processing to an AD voltage having a large amplification factor.
- the line voltage of the second winding is shaped into a square wave, and the square wave frequency is calculated to obtain the rotation frequency of the motor at this time. Obtaining the rotation frequency of the motor at this time also obtains the rotation speed of the motor at this time.
- the line voltage may be the first determination voltage or the second determination voltage.
- Step S150 Smoothly controlling the second winding according to the motor speed and phase inverter of the second winding.
- Step S160 detecting the working frequency of the second winding.
- the working frequency of the second winding reaches the power frequency
- the input voltage and the output voltage of the inverter are phase-locked.
- the inverter stops outputting, and then the second contactor is disconnected. .
- the rotational speed and operating frequency of the second winding can be calculated from the second set of parameters. Further, when the inverter stops outputting after the phase is locked, the operating frequency of the second winding can be slightly larger than the power frequency, so that the operating frequency of the second winding is lowered after the inverter stops outputting, and then matched with the power frequency.
- the phase locking of the input voltage and the output voltage of the frequency converter comprises: obtaining the input voltages Ur, Us and Ut of the frequency converter; projecting the three-phase input voltages Ur, Us and Ut into the two-phase stationary coordinate system by coordinate changes to obtain Ud, Uq; Obtaining the angle ⁇ 1 of the synthesized voltage vector with respect to the coordinate system according to Uq, Ud; obtaining the inverter output voltages Ur', Us' and Ut'; projecting the three-phase output voltages Ur', Us' and Ut' by coordinate changes to Two-phase stationary coordinate system acquires Ud', Uq'; obtains an angle ⁇ 2 of the composite voltage vector with respect to the coordinate system according to Uq', Ud'; phase lock according to the difference between the angle ⁇ 1 and the angle ⁇ 2, the phase lock includes The input voltage angle ⁇ 1 and the output voltage angle ⁇ 2 are substituted into the phase-locked loop module, and the output PWM wave of the inverter is controlled by the phase-locked loop module, so that the
- Step S170 After detecting that the second contactor is completely disconnected, the third contactor is sucked, and the second winding is smoothly switched to the power frequency operation.
- the inverter Due to the PWM wave output mode, the inverter has high harmonics and high frequency noise at the output voltage.
- the inverter drives the motor.
- the inverter needs to be equipped with a brake unit and a braking resistor. This is not the case for direct grid-connected motors.
- to switch the motor driven by the inverter to the grid in order to avoid the current surge during switching, it is necessary to control the frequency and phase of the inverter output voltage when switching.
- the frequency-cutting power frequency waveform is not added when phase detection is used, where L7 is the motor current waveform, L8 is the grid voltage waveform, and L9 is the motor line voltage waveform. It can be seen that when switching the power frequency, the motor current is very large. fluctuation.
- the frequency-cutting power-frequency waveform is added when phase detection is added, where L4 is the motor current waveform, L5 is the grid voltage waveform, and L6 is the motor line voltage waveform. It can be seen that the motor current fluctuation is significantly smaller when switching the power frequency. .
- the contactor Since the contactor has conduction and turn-off time, and the contactor turn-on/turn-off time of different loads is different, if the contactor turn-on and turn-off time are not considered, it will cause a great deal when the contactor is turned on and off. Current surges may damage the drive or the motor and may also cause trip protection. If the inverter has voltage and frequency output during the conduction process of the contactor, it is equivalent to directly connecting the motor when the inverter is running. If the inverter has already issued a large output voltage and frequency, a large inrush current will be generated. It is possible to damage the inverter or trip the inverter for protection.
- the contactor is switched during the contactor shut-off process, such as when the KM2 is disconnected, during the KM3 pull-in process, if the KM2 has not been reliably disconnected, the KM3 has been pulled in, which is equivalent to directly inputting the input grid voltage to the inverter output. On the side, it may cause damage to the inverter.
- the contactor feedback signal is detected in real time to accurately know the current state of the contactor. If the feedback signal indicates that the contactor has not been engaged/disconnected at this time, the next control action is temporarily stopped. When it is detected that the contactor feedback signal indicates that the contact has been reliably pulled/disconnected, the next step is to drive the motor or switch the contactor.
- the timing module is turned on, and if the preset time of the timing module is up and the first contactor is not completely disconnected, a fault alarm is issued; after the second contactor is disconnected, the fault is turned on.
- the timing module issues a fault alarm if the preset time of the timing module is up and the second contactor is not completely disconnected.
- Parameters such as stator resistance, rotor resistance, leakage inductance, mutual inductance, and no-load current corresponding to each motor speed of the motor are obtained by the parameter self-tuning function built in the inverter. Referred to as the first group of parameters, the second group of parameters.
- the frequency converter controls the action of the first relay, controls the first contactor to be turned on and off, and connects the output end of the frequency converter to the first winding.
- the first winding speed is detected.
- the inverter controls the first relay to control, and the first contactor is controlled to be disconnected; if not, the detection is continued.
- the working frequency of the second winding is detected, and the second contactor is controlled to be disconnected when the power frequency is reached, and the detection is continued if it is not reached.
- the method in the above embodiment can control the two-speed dual-power motor.
- the specific steps are as described above, and the multi-speed multi-power motor such as the three-speed three-power motor and the four-speed four-power motor can be controlled in the same manner.
- the multi-speed multi-power motor in the multi-speed multi-power motor control system includes at least a first winding 210 and a second winding 220.
- the control system includes:
- the first contactor KM1 one end is connected to the output end of the frequency converter 100 and the other end is connected to the first winding 210;
- the second contactor KM2 one end is connected to the output end of the frequency converter 100 and the other end is connected to the second winding 220;
- the third contactor KM3 one end connected to the three-phase voltage input end and the other end connected to the second winding 220;
- the frequency converter 100 is configured to draw the first contactor KM1 at a predetermined rotation speed, so that the frequency converter is electrically connected to the first winding 210 through the first contactor KM1; drive the first winding 210 and detect the rotation speed of the first winding 210, when the first When the rotation speed of the winding 210 reaches the predetermined rotation speed, the output of the frequency converter 100 is stopped, and then the first contactor KM1 is disconnected; when the first contactor KM1 is completely disconnected, the second contactor KM2 is sucked, and the frequency converter 100 is passed.
- the second contactor KM2 is electrically connected to the second winding 220; when it is detected that the second contactor KM2 is fully attracted, the second winding 220 is driven and the phase current and the phase voltage of the second winding 220 are tracked according to the second winding 220
- the phase current and the phase voltage obtain the motor rotation speed and phase corresponding to the second winding 220; according to the motor rotation speed and phase of the second winding 220, the frequency converter 100 smoothly controls the second winding 220; and detects the operating frequency of the second winding 220, when When the two windings 220 reach the power frequency, the input voltage and the output voltage of the inverter 100 are phase-locked.
- the frequency converter is also used to obtain the three-phase input voltages Ur, Us and Ut of the frequency converter; the three-phase input voltages Ur, Us and Ut are projected to the two-phase stationary coordinate system by coordinate changes to obtain the two-phase voltage Ud, Uq;
- the voltages Uq, Ud calculate the angle ⁇ 1 of the combined voltage vector with respect to the coordinate system; acquire the three-phase output voltages Ur', Us' and Ut' of the frequency converter; project the three-phase output voltages Ur', Us' and Ut' by coordinate changes Obtain two-phase voltages Ud', Uq' from the two-phase stationary coordinate system; obtain the angle ⁇ 2 of the composite voltage vector with respect to the coordinate system according to the two-phase voltages Uq', Ud'; according to the difference
- the nameplate parameter of the multi-speed multi-power motor can be input into the motor parameter module of the inverter first, which can be input through the inverter's own operation panel; the parameter self-tuning function built in the inverter respectively obtains the corresponding speed of the motor.
- Stator resistance, rotor resistance, leakage inductance, mutual inductance, no-load current and other parameters Referred to as the first group of parameters, the second group of parameters.
- the first set of parameters corresponds to the first winding
- the second set of parameters corresponds to the second winding.
- the rated speed of the first winding is obtained according to the first set of parameters.
- the predetermined rotational speed may be equal to the rated rotational speed of the first winding, or may be less than the rated rotational speed of the first winding as needed. It is also possible to calculate the rotational speed and operating frequency of the second winding based on the second set of parameters. When the inverter stops output after phase lock, the operating frequency of the second winding can be slightly larger than the power frequency, so that the operating frequency of the second winding is reduced after the inverter stops outputting, and then matched with the power frequency.
- the frequency converter includes a phase lock module, and the phase lock module is configured to obtain an input voltage angle ⁇ 1 and an output voltage angle ⁇ 2, and control an output PWM wave of the frequency converter such that the output voltage angle ⁇ 2 approaches the input voltage angle ⁇ 1.
- the frequency converter further includes a speed tracking module, the speed tracking module is configured to track the phase current and the phase voltage of the second winding, and the speed tracking module is simultaneously activated when the frequency converter drives the second winding.
- the rotation speed tracking module includes a first rotation speed tracking unit and a second rotation speed tracking unit, and the first input end and the second input end of the first rotation speed tracking unit respectively correspond to the three-phase voltage first phase voltage and the three-phase voltage second phase a voltage connection, the output end of the first speed tracking unit is connected to the digital signal processor, and the third input end and the fourth input end of the second speed tracking unit are respectively connected to the second phase voltage and the third phase voltage of the three-phase voltage, The output of the second rotational speed tracking unit is coupled to the digital signal processor.
- the first speed tracking unit includes a first operational amplifier IC1 and a second operational amplifier IC2;
- the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier IC1 is connected to the three-phase voltage first phase voltage through the resistor R1, and the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier IC1 is connected to the three-phase voltage second phase voltage through the resistor R2, and the first operational amplifier IC1 is in phase.
- the input terminal is also grounded through a resistor R5.
- the output end of the first operational amplifier IC1 is connected to the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier IC1 through a resistor R4.
- the output end of the first operational amplifier IC1 is connected to one end of the resistor R11, and the other end of the resistor R11 is passed through a resistor.
- R12 is connected to the power supply end, and the other end of the resistor R11 is also connected to the digital signal processor;
- the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier IC2 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier IC1, the non-inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier IC2 is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the first operational amplifier IC1, and the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier IC2
- the terminal is also grounded through a resistor R7, and the output end of the second operational amplifier IC2 is connected to the inverting input terminal of the second operational amplifier IC2 through a resistor R6, the output end of the second operational amplifier IC2 is connected to one end of the resistor R13, and the other end of the resistor R13 is passed through a resistor R14. Connected to the power supply end, the other end of the resistor R13 is also connected to the digital signal processor;
- the resistance of the resistor R6 is greater than the resistance of the resistor R4.
- the power supply terminal can be 3.3V or other voltages such as 5V.
- the resistance of the resistor R6 can be ten times the resistance of the resistor R4. Of course, the resistance of the resistor R6 can also be set to five times, eight times, twenty times, and the like of the resistance of the resistor R4 as needed.
- the other end of the resistor R11 is connected to the two clamp diodes D4 and connected to the digital signal processor; one of the two clamp diodes D4 is connected to the anode and the negative pole is connected to the other end of the resistor R11, and the other diode is connected to the negative terminal of the power supply terminal.
- the other end of the resistor R13 is connected to the two clamp diodes D5 and connected to the digital signal processor; one of the two clamp diodes D5 is connected to the anode and the negative pole is connected to the other end of the resistor R13, and the other diode is connected to the power supply terminal and the positive terminal is connected to the other end of the resistor R13.
- the output of the first operational amplifier IC1 processes the output voltage through R11 and R12 and the power supply terminal to a positive voltage suitable for DSP processing. After passing through two clamp diodes D4, it is directly sent to the AD port UVad1 of the digital signal processor DSP. Similarly, the output of the first operational amplifier IC2 is processed by the R13 and R14 and the power supply terminal to be processed by the digital signal processor DSP. Positive voltage. After passing through two clamp diodes D5, it is directly sent to the AD port UVad2 of the digital signal processor DSP.
- the frequency converter 100 further includes a first relay for controlling the opening and closing of the first contactor KM1, a second relay for controlling the opening and closing of the second contactor KM2, and a third control for controlling the opening and closing of the third contactor KM3. Relay.
- the frequency converter 100 also includes an input for obtaining a contactor feedback signal, the number of which is set according to the number of contactors.
- the motor in the system adopts multi-speed multi-power motor, which can input the parameters of multiple sets of motors, such as three groups and four groups, which provides possibility for different power motor switching of different speeds; it can provide large torque start; it can automatically judge the load condition. Turns into energy-saving mode when light load; has speed tracking function, can automatically recognize motor speed; has industrial frequency conversion switching module, can detect the phase and frequency of motor phase voltage and phase current, and simultaneously detect the phase angle and phase of the power grid, smooth the device Switch to grid operation.
- the first phase voltage of the three-phase voltage is the U-phase voltage
- the second phase voltage is the V-phase voltage
- the third phase voltage is the W-phase voltage.
- FIG. 10 another multi-speed multi-power motor control system.
- the motor is a three-speed three-power motor, and one end of the third contactor KM3 is connected to the other end of the grid and connected to the third winding 230.
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CN201780085289.3A CN110235352B (zh) | 2017-04-13 | 2017-04-13 | 多速多功率电机控制方法及控制系统 |
PCT/CN2017/080459 WO2018188027A1 (fr) | 2017-04-13 | 2017-04-13 | Procédé de commande et système de commande pour moteur électrique multi-puissance à plusieurs vitesses |
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Cited By (3)
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CN113746399A (zh) * | 2020-05-28 | 2021-12-03 | 福建宏讯电子有限公司 | 一种电机控制系统 |
CN115333429A (zh) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-11 | 东莞叁壹半导体科技有限公司 | 无刷双馈电机转子初始角度检测方法、装置及启动方法 |
CN116633234A (zh) * | 2022-02-14 | 2023-08-22 | 深圳市蓝海华腾技术股份有限公司 | 双绕组电机的控制方法、控制装置和电机装置 |
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CN116651308B (zh) * | 2023-07-31 | 2023-10-20 | 浙江汉信科技有限公司 | 一种转速自整定搅拌装置控制方法及搅拌装置 |
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CN201717819U (zh) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-01-19 | 艾欧史密斯电气产品(常州)有限公司 | 双极双速电机用线路板 |
CN103095211A (zh) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-05-08 | 景德镇市景德电机有限公司 | 油田专用多功率变频节能三相异步电动机 |
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CN116633234B (zh) * | 2022-02-14 | 2024-12-24 | 深圳市蓝海华腾技术股份有限公司 | 双绕组电机的控制方法、控制装置和电机装置 |
CN115333429A (zh) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-11 | 东莞叁壹半导体科技有限公司 | 无刷双馈电机转子初始角度检测方法、装置及启动方法 |
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