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WO2018189597A1 - Systèmes de gestion de compte bancaire mobile - Google Patents

Systèmes de gestion de compte bancaire mobile Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018189597A1
WO2018189597A1 PCT/IB2018/050967 IB2018050967W WO2018189597A1 WO 2018189597 A1 WO2018189597 A1 WO 2018189597A1 IB 2018050967 W IB2018050967 W IB 2018050967W WO 2018189597 A1 WO2018189597 A1 WO 2018189597A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
subscriber
account
transactions
value
bank
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2018/050967
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Peter AKUON
Original Assignee
Akuon Peter
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Akuon Peter filed Critical Akuon Peter
Publication of WO2018189597A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018189597A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q20/00—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols
    • G06Q20/02—Payment architectures, schemes or protocols involving a neutral party, e.g. certification authority, notary or trusted third party [TTP]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F21/00—Security arrangements for protecting computers, components thereof, programs or data against unauthorised activity
    • G06F21/60—Protecting data
    • G06F21/64—Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures
    • G06F21/645—Protecting data integrity, e.g. using checksums, certificates or signatures using a third party
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L9/00—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols
    • H04L9/50—Cryptographic mechanisms or cryptographic arrangements for secret or secure communications; Network security protocols using hash chains, e.g. blockchains or hash trees
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06Q—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES; SYSTEMS OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR ADMINISTRATIVE, COMMERCIAL, FINANCIAL, MANAGERIAL OR SUPERVISORY PURPOSES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G06Q2220/00—Business processing using cryptography

Definitions

  • This application relates generally to mobile bank account, including electronic mobile money transfer and exchange systems.
  • the present invention involves the use of mobile communication network systems to manage money transfers and exchange, use of remote banking agents and automatic teller machines to manage the payments, loans, deposit and withdrawal of cash money in form of fiat or crypto-currency, systems, and methods for barter exchange of services, commodities and electronic and fiat money in the telecommunications sector.
  • SMS short messages services
  • Network service providers offer different categories of value for their network subscribers. Subscribers who intend to make voice calls over dedicated channels would prepay for airtime or pay for a period of offered call support services after the period. This is commonly referred to as post-pay services. In case of short messaging services or data communication over internet, then value is commonly offered under bundles. Loyalty reward points which are awarded based on accumulated value of expenditure is usually used by subscribers to exchange for other commodities like handsets or buy additional airtime or bundles. In addition, the loyalty points and airtime may be sent directly to another subscriber account. Others use an electronic-wallet card that is linked to a mobile phone account or customers with bank accounts use mobile phones to transact.
  • the account (i.e. for each user) is not associated with a bank account, current account, credit card account, debit card account, pre-paid card issued by a financial institution or another type of account within a financial institution.
  • each user of the mobile telephone based money transfer system does not require or need to have access to a bank account or similar account to hold, transfer or process funds. Instead, the funds remain within the mobile based money transfer system unless they are exchanged for goods and services or withdrawn, usually as cash from an agent. Therefore, the mobile telephone based money transfer system does not require common bank branches or an ATM network as basic components, except in the case of loaning facilities.
  • GSM global system for mobile communications
  • PesaLink Another related business systems like PesaLink have enabled inter-bank transfers between accounts.
  • MobiKash product on the other hand is an agency network banking system with a hierarchy of super agents and regional agents.
  • the prior art methods either involve opening bank accounts, which limits people with limited access to bank facilities and are prone to high fraud risks or the use of mobile network account management systems, which is more expensive because it involves hiring banking services or less distributed agency networks. It has been observed that systems like MPESA are used for temporary money transfer activities and no interests are earned on deposits.
  • the drawbacks in the prior art include: Management cost overhead on the network operator providing the service due to banking requirements. Time delay in resolving the electronic-money float issues by agents. Governmental social grants are hard to disburse to beneficiaries from the prior art systems. There is possibility of missing customers who may not want to be account holders with real financial banks. No interests are earned from long term deposits on such platforms. Little trust by regulators (central bank or communications) due to lack of legitimacy as financial institution.
  • the other class is the common banking platform of the present invention that provides a system of banking that utilizes common agency and all banking institutions to additionally offer commodity trading from universal subscriber network access.
  • a system of the present invention that allows for a new sort of banking. It is both peer-to-peer and bank-to-bank system that consists of the use of evolution of GSM network or Internet, software applications, transaction devices, common bank agents and virtual bank accounts.
  • the present invention involves the use of a network system e.g. mobile network hired by participating banks having subscriber account for subscribers.
  • each subscriber account is linked to a virtual bank account that is not operated by the customer in the front-desk of a banking institution. This means that the subscribing customer does not have to hold the conventional bank account with the financial institution.
  • the financial institution provides a virtual bank account linked to each subscriber's mobile network subscriber account.
  • a customer may have a real bank account with a bank and the said customer may additionally be subscribed to a virtual bank account with the same bank or any other bank.
  • a registered banking agent for the virtual bank system works in favour of all the participating banks, but reconciliation is done by a transactions processor for all the participating banks.
  • the transactions processor of the current invention manages all transactions in the virtual bank network, manages charges for transactions, manages interests for deposits and updates balances on ledgers and manages storage in a data base.
  • the transactions processor also assigns mother bank identity (ID) for each subscriber during registration. Mother bank identity is used to identify the bank that registers or owns the subscribing customer and the ID is given at the time of registration of a customer.
  • Virtual bank transfers may be intra-bank transfer from a subscriber A to another subscriber B registered by the same bank or inter-bank transfer from a subscriber A of Bank 1 to another subscriber B registered by Bank 2.
  • the proposed invention is important in making sure that everyone has access to a banking platform without being a customer to or aware of a given financial institution as neither a bank account holder nor face bank representatives.
  • the mobile network subscriber account is contained in a handset hardware or software which is operated by a subscriber.
  • each participating bank will have a given number of subscribers assigned to them. This will depend on registration campaigns for subscribers by different banks on the same banking agency umbrella.
  • the bank may decide on allocation agreements and initial offers based on the number of subscribers registered. However, a single bank may as well implement the proposed platform.
  • the number of subscribers owned by different banks may be used to create shares where a bank may decide to trade by transferring subscribers to the other banks in the network. This trading will increase revenues or dividends to participating banks and subscribers may earn rewards from such sales.
  • the key inventive features of the virtual bank account system is that a subscriber is registered with an identifier of a mother bank and a registered banking agent acts for the entire member banking institutions such that a subscriber is unaware of the mother bank and subscriber base is turned into commodity.
  • a virtual bank account is an electronic wallet that contains value that is tethered to an existing fiat currency and the exchange rate between the wallet value and the fiat currency is one-to-one. This implies that there is no trading between the wallet value and fiat value, thus different from crypto-currency.
  • the following channels may be used for accessing the virtual bank account system:
  • Mobile banking unstructured subscriber service dialing (USSD), Application based remote hardware, SIM toolkit, Internet banking, automatic teller machines (ATM) or point of sale and agency banking.
  • the methods of use for the new inventions include: Money transfers: peer-to-peer, subscriber account to real bank account, real bank account to subscriber account; cash deposits; cash withdrawals from virtual agency banking; payments of bills (prepaid, real-time and postpaid), trading; and loans, dividends and interest provision.
  • a service that performs a reverse role may be is a new service provided in the present invention.
  • mobile payment platforms also allow exchange of fiat money with electronic money in the telecommunications sector.
  • an exchange point for trading these commodities for other values is not known.
  • an exchange bureau is used to effect exchange of different
  • Electronic money can be based on the communication network system or on a banking system.
  • the airtime value may also be exchanged directly for more loyalty points and the loyalty points exchanged for airtime directly.
  • the latter is a known procedure.
  • the voice, internet data or sms airtime value may also be exchanged directly for data or sms bundles and the data or sms bundles exchanged for voice or sms airtime directly. This holistic service does not exist and a processor to execute such services is proposed.
  • the present invention solves the limitations of the prior art by providing a method and system for a back-and-forth exchange of airtime and electronic money within an MNO system.
  • the 150 electronic money may then be exchanged for fiat money at minimal transactions fee.
  • the present invention also solves the problem of the prior art by providing an exchange port for trading airtime and electronic money at a positive margin.
  • the airtime traded is derived from the float value of airtime obtained from users who use the exchange. Some users will be buying airtime at a rate cheaper than or equal to the market rate while other users will be selling their airtime for electronic money at a rate 155 cheaper than the market rate resulting into a profit margin. Transfer services like Sambaza will be adopted.
  • the new system will introduce a service called M-Peana or M-Pasha or M-pashe, where an electronic money value is transferred to a subscriber who issues a given value of airtime. The electronic money may then be exchanged for fiat money.
  • the present invention reduces fraud by implementing block-chain technology.
  • block-chain all transaction 160 requests from a subscriber are referred to in subsequent execution of transfers and account changes. This means that if a bank fraudulently initiates a transaction, then a prior transaction log from a user will be missing from the transactions device and such transaction will be rejected.
  • a mobile bank account management system comprises a conventional bank system, a conventional communication network system, a network of automatic teller machines (ATM) and a network of banking agents, each representing a collection of different banks.
  • ATM automatic teller machines
  • SIM subscriber account holder
  • USSD subscriber account holder
  • PIN personal identification numbers
  • the subscribers to the mobile virtual bank account management system register as users of the subscriber account with a banking agent but they do not have to register as real bank account holders.
  • the SIM modules can be owned by the banking institutions or hired from network service providers or USSD service, where network service can be mobile phone network or internet 180 network and SIM modules could be applications on the hardware.
  • the subscriber account holders deposit money into their subscriber accounts by issuing money and titles with the nearest banking agents and receive alerts in the form of short messages, where their accounts are credited and that of the agent is debited by the same amount by a transactions processor device and in virtual bank accounts.
  • the account holders withdraw money from their subscriber accounts through a menu in their SIM module by receiving money and titles from the nearest banking agents and receive alerts in the form of short messages, where their accounts are debited and that of the agent is credited by the same amount plus the transaction fee charges for the withdrawal process by the transactions processor device and in virtual bank accounts.
  • the account holders transfer money from their subscriber accounts to another subscriber account holder through a menu in the SIM module after which the sender's account is debited by the amount transferred plus transaction fee charges while that of the recipient is credited by the same amount by the transactions processor device and in virtual bank accounts.
  • the account holders transfer money from their SIM card accounts to bill accounts to 195 pay for goods and services through a menu in the SIM module after which the subscriber account holder is debited by the amount transferred plus transaction fee charges while that of the bill account is credited by the same amount by the transactions processor device and in virtual bank accounts.
  • the transactions fee charges are free or predetermined by the owner of the mobile virtual bank account management system.
  • the banking agents maintain both real bank accounts with the financial institutions that own the mobile bank account management system, where fiat money is deposited or withdrawn from and they also maintain virtual bank accounts.
  • the banking agents may be allowed to maintain a predetermined negative float value by accepting more deposits from subscriber account holders before the banking agents could deposit 205 the cash with the participating bank branches.
  • the owner of the mobile virtual bank account management system which is the financial institutions, manages all the subscriber accounts by virtually linking them to the actual real bank accounts for auditing, security, risk analysis and regulatory purposes.
  • the subscriber accounts are linked to virtual bank accounts through the Internet or 210 private networks e.g. mobile network service like evolution of GSM.
  • private networks e.g. mobile network service like evolution of GSM.
  • trading of shares based on the number of subscribers owned by each participating banking institution may be initiated and dividends provided based on charges on transfers of subscribers from one participating bank to another.
  • an airtime value is purchased from fiat money or electronic money.
  • electronic money is generated from a value of fiat money deposited in a mobile money account in a communications system or in a banking system.
  • airtime value is converted into a value for a voice bundle.
  • airtime value is converted into a value for a short message bundle.
  • airtime value is converted into a value for internet data message bundle.
  • a short message bundle is converted into a value for airtime.
  • internet data message bundle value is converted into a value for airtime.
  • airtime value is converted into a value for electronic money at minimal transactions fee charged by a mobile network operator (MNO).
  • MNO mobile network operator
  • electronic money is converted into a value for fiat money and fiat money is withdrawn.
  • an exchange system is implemented to carry out trading of airtime value into electronic money.
  • a value of service airtime is transferred from a subscriber account to an exchange account number through known services.
  • a value of electronic money is transferred to a subscriber account number at a value known as buying price through this service envisaged in the current invention.
  • a value of electronic money is transferred from a subscriber account to an exchange account number in order to purchase service airtime.
  • a value of service airtime is transferred from an exchange account to a subscriber account number at a value known as selling price.
  • a service airtime refers to internet data bundle, short 245 message bundle, voice call bundle and loyalty reward points.
  • a profit margin is obtained from the difference between the selling price and the buying price of service airtime.
  • FIG.1 shows a block diagram illustrating a mobile virtual bank account management system
  • FIG.2 shows a block diagram illustrating apparatuses for airtime conversion into electronic money
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram illustrating trading and exchange of airtime and electronic money
  • the present invention relies on both banking concepts and mobile network service concepts, in which the network services are used to support banking transactions, where the customer does not have to open the conventional bank account.
  • the proposed system and its methods lead to more accessible banking platform, especially for the unbanked communities and cheaper and trusted option for banking transactions, especially for peer-to-peer money transfer.
  • 260 Fig.1 illustrates architecture of the mobile virtual bank account management.
  • the architecture consists of a mobile handset (1), banking agent or payments recipient (2) and a network service system (3) in a remote access component which is easily accessible to any subscriber using (1).
  • (1) may be a mobile phone or a device that holds a registered module for managing a subscriber account.
  • the handset (1) is served by a network service (3) to provide communication between the mobile handset (1) and the banking agent or
  • (4) is a transactions processor device
  • (5) is a data base
  • (6) is a virtual bank A
  • (7) is a virtual bank B
  • (8) is a virtual bank N
  • (9) refers to core component of the virtual banking system.
  • (10) is a physical bank for bank A
  • (11) is a physical bank for bank B
  • (12) is a physical bank for bank N.
  • (13) is a group of real banking halls consisting of N banks.
  • (4) manages all transactions from (3) to all other components and updates records and ledgers in (5) while (5) stores subscriber information and ledgers as recorded also in (6), (7) and (8). Even though the subscriber account holders of (1) register and operate their accounts through the mobile handset (1), the account holders are connected to the banking facility (13) through a virtual network, that is, they do not have to hold and manage bank accounts in (13), yet their accounts are actually operated in (13) 275 between the transaction processor device (4) and the banks (13) through a communications system only.
  • a transaction involves the movement of money and titles between accounts and thus (14) forms the other account holder and (15) is another agent or automatic teller machines (ATM) network.
  • ATM automatic teller machines
  • (2) is responsible for carrying out all transactions for all subscribers on behalf of all member 280 bank institutions from bank A to bank N.
  • (2) or (15) may walk in and access fiat money or value from the banks in (13) through deposits and withdrawals, while (1) or (14) may only access fiat money or value from (2) or (15).
  • a card module which is inserted in the mobile handset (1) has software and capability to perform operations from a short menu displayed on the handsets (1).
  • the operations in the menu include authentication, 285 confirmation of operations, transfer, withdrawal and security features.
  • a single subscriber (1) may have both real accounts in (13) and virtual accounts (6), (7) and (8). Thus, transactions are allowed between (9) and (13) if both accounts exist for a subscriber.
  • Examples of transactions handled by the transactions processor device (4) include: registering a subscriber into the virtual bank system, data base management, transfer, deposits, withdrawals and payments.
  • 295 confirmation message is displayed if the amount to be transferred is allowed.
  • the amount to be transferred is checked by (4) from the virtual bank (9) balances and that information is relayed back to (1) through the network (3).
  • the subscriber account in (1) is debited and the balance reduces as well as the virtual account in (9).
  • the subscriber account of the recipient in (14) is credited and the balance increases 300 both in the database (5) and in the virtual bank accounts (9).
  • a confirmation of the transaction and the new balance is received in handset in (1).
  • the subscriber account holder in (14) is also informed about the transfer and the increase in balance.
  • the following is a classical example of a deposit operation. When a subscriber account holder using needs to deposit money into his or her account, the he or she hands over money or value to (2). The (2) then keys
  • the (4) further manages transfer of charges or benefits to real revenue accounts for mother banks, wherein a mother bank is assigned the transacting subscriber.
  • the amount of deposits received by agent in (1) may be regulated by a limit called float so that the agent does not keep large amounts of deposited cash before transferring the cash to real banks (13), in which case the bank agent is operating with a negative balance of float figure.
  • Transaction data bases are 315 maintained both at a transactions processor data base (5) and at all participating banking institutions for each corresponding transaction in (9) and (13).
  • the transactions processor device for virtual bank accounts does the following:
  • Assigns mother bank ID during registration manages intra-virtual bank account transfers and inter-virtual 320 bank account transfers, updates ledgers for charges imposed, updates ledgers for interest earned from money deposited or dividends and updates ledgers for balances after withdrawals and deposits or payments.
  • Processes at the transactions processor device include:
  • Withdrawal procedure for fiat money or crypto-currency consists of: 1. Debit subscriber's virtual bank account (VBA) in Bank k, 2. Credit agent's VBA in Bank k or any other corresponding to the banking agent, 3. Banking agent presents fiat money or crypto-currency or value to subscriber A, 4. Update the database,
  • Agent withdraws fiat money from RBA of any issuing bank according to the balances respective to RBA of all banks, (e)
  • Deposit procedure for fiat money or crypto-currency consists of: 1. debit agent's virtual bank account (VBA), 2. credit subscriber A VBA, 3. agent takes fiat or crypto-currency or value from subscriber A, 4. update database (DB), 5. agent deposits fiat money into real bank account (RBA) of any receiving bank; 6. receiving bank transfers balances to respective RBAs of all participating banks, (e) Loan
  • Fig. 2 illustrates an apparatus in a communications system, where a subscriber is able to use fiat money (1) to buy a given value of airtime (2). The subscriber may also deposit fiat money into an electronic money account (3) and use the electronic money (3) account to purchase a value of airtime (2). The value of
  • airtime (2) may then be divided into various service values (4). These service values are in the form of voice calls, short messaging service, internet data and loyalty reward point values.
  • airtime (2) is enabled to purchase loyalty reward points without having to spend the airtime on the various network services.
  • the process (5) of purchasing airtime from fiat money may be executed through prepaid or postpaid services. A value of electronic money in a subscriber account is converted into fiat money through
  • a withdrawal process (6) in mobile money systems A value of electronic money in a subscriber account is converted from fiat money through a deposit process (7) in mobile money systems.
  • a purchase process (8) for buying airtime (2) from electronic money (3) is required.
  • a sale process (9) is proposed for converting airtime value back to electronic money (3), by charging minimal fees.
  • the airtime value may be converted into various services (4) through a known purchase process (10).
  • airtime value assigned to any of the various services may be converted back to airtime value (2) in a sale process (11).
  • the sale processes of service to airtime (9) and airtime to electronic money (11) may be effected at minimal sale fees or transaction charges C sa and C ae , respectively.
  • the transaction charges generate revenues to the network service provider and the revenue R t is expressed in equation (1) as
  • FIG. 3 shows a block diagram illustrating trading and exchange of airtime and electronic money. If a network subscriber (1) has airtime in the subscriber's account and requires electronic money, then the network subscriber (1) sends a value of airtime to an exchange account (2) through known services in a process (4). The information about the transaction is recorded in a database (3). The exchange account (2) must have electronic money balance or float. Then the exchange account transfers an equal value of
  • a service dubbed Peana may be used in that transfer process (4).
  • the exchange account (2) may accumulate huge values of airtime and a small balance of electronic money. As a result, a buying process is also enabled.
  • a subscriber may also buy airtime from the exchange through a buying process (5) by sending electronic money to the exchange account.
  • the 365 exchange account then transfers airtime to the subscriber account (1) at a value of buying price.
  • the selling price of airtime at exchange P sx is set at a price below or equal to the selling price in the market P sm i.e. P sm ⁇ P sx .
  • the buying price of airtime value at the exchange P bx is set at a price below market rate P bm i.e. P bx ⁇ P bm .

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif processeur de transactions qui est utilisé pour exécuter de manière sécurisée le transfert de valeur ou d'argent entre des détenteurs de comptes d'abonnés mobiles, un agent bancaire commun et un compte bancaire virtuel ; un procédé et un appareil pour gérer des informations de transaction bancaire par l'utilisation d'un réseau mobile, la base de données et le processeur de transactions des informations de compte d'abonné de réseau mobile étant stockés par l'institution financière sous la forme d'un compte bancaire virtuel ; une base d'abonné de négociation de banques membres ; un détenteur/utilisateur de compte de carte sim de réseau mobile n'a pas besoin d'être un détenteur de compte bancaire réel de l'institution financière ; un système pour négocier un temps d'émission par l'intermédiaire d'un échange dans un système de télécommunications. Le temps d'émission consiste en une quantité de valeur pour des messages courts, des données internet, des appels vocaux et des points de récompense de fidélité ; un système permet de convertir la valeur de temps d'émission en argent électronique, puis de payer de l'argent selon un prix.
PCT/IB2018/050967 2017-04-12 2018-02-16 Systèmes de gestion de compte bancaire mobile WO2018189597A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
KEKE/UM/2017/00773 2017-04-12
KE077317 2017-04-12
KE276917 2017-12-20
KEKE/P/2017/002769 2017-12-20
KEKE/P/2018/002786 2018-02-02
KE278618 2018-02-02

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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2020107223A1 (fr) * 2018-11-27 2020-06-04 深圳链报科技有限公司 Procédé et appareil de gestion d'informations à chaînes multiples, support de stockage et analyseur d'identité de chaîne de blocs
WO2020108126A1 (fr) * 2018-11-28 2020-06-04 阿里巴巴集团控股有限公司 Procédé et appareil d'enregistrement d'événement de transfert de ressource, et dispositif électronique
EP3812991A1 (fr) * 2019-10-21 2021-04-28 Joachim Walser Passerelle d'argent de crypto-monnaie
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