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WO2018189769A1 - Wagon de chemin de fer - Google Patents

Wagon de chemin de fer Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018189769A1
WO2018189769A1 PCT/JP2017/014622 JP2017014622W WO2018189769A1 WO 2018189769 A1 WO2018189769 A1 WO 2018189769A1 JP 2017014622 W JP2017014622 W JP 2017014622W WO 2018189769 A1 WO2018189769 A1 WO 2018189769A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
air conditioning
railway vehicle
air conditioner
exhaust blower
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/JP2017/014622
Other languages
English (en)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
裕和 高木
山本　隆久
宮川　純
川崎　亮
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Ltd
Original Assignee
Hitachi Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hitachi Ltd filed Critical Hitachi Ltd
Priority to PCT/JP2017/014622 priority Critical patent/WO2018189769A1/fr
Publication of WO2018189769A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018189769A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
    • B61D27/00—Heating, cooling, ventilating, or air-conditioning

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a railway vehicle equipped with an air conditioner, and the air conditioner is divided into a plurality of sections by a partition wall, and has an exhaust blower corresponding to each section.
  • Railcars are equipped with air conditioners to keep the temperature and humidity in the car comfortable. For example, when both the outside air temperature and the vehicle interior temperature are high, this air conditioner lowers the temperature of the air taken into the air conditioner from the vehicle interior and recirculates the conditioned air generated by removing the humidity into the vehicle interior. This reduces the temperature and humidity in the vehicle and realizes a comfortable vehicle environment.
  • Patent Document 1 discloses a ventilation control system for a railway vehicle, which controls a damper of a ventilator and a ventilation blower based on a predicted ventilation amount calculated based on a predicted number of passengers calculated in advance.
  • a technique for controlling a damper of a ventilator and a ventilating blower to correct the ventilation amount based on the difference between the necessary ventilation amount based on the actual number of passengers calculated and the predicted ventilation amount is shown.
  • the heat load (air conditioning load) that the air conditioner mounted on the railway vehicle removes from the inside of the vehicle is the human load generated by passengers, the equipment load generated by the heat generating equipment in the vehicle, the ventilation load due to ventilation, the solar load due to solar radiation, and Consists of heat transfer load accompanying heat transfer.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a railway vehicle including an air conditioner that can reduce power consumption by controlling the air conditioner according to the human load and equipment load of the railway vehicle.
  • a railway vehicle includes a first air conditioner in which the interior of the vehicle includes at least a first section and a second section, and adjusts temperature and humidity in the first section. And a second air conditioner that adjusts the temperature and humidity in the second compartment, and an air conditioning control device that controls the first and second air conditioners, and the first air conditioner incorporates the first exhaust blower
  • the second air conditioner incorporates the second exhaust blower, and the air conditioning control device controls the first exhaust blower according to the air conditioning load fluctuation in the first section and the air conditioning load fluctuation in the second section.
  • the second exhaust fan is controlled according to the above.
  • a railway vehicle including an air conditioner that can reduce power consumption by controlling the air conditioner according to the human load and the equipment load of the railway vehicle.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a railway vehicle according to first and second embodiments of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the air-conditioning duct according to the first embodiment of the present invention (a plan view of a cross section a shown in FIG. 1).
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view taken along the line bb shown in FIG. 2) that intersects the longitudinal direction of the catering preparation room provided in the railway vehicle.
  • FIG. 4 is a device layout diagram showing the devices and the arrangement of the railway vehicle air conditioner used in the first embodiment.
  • FIG. 5 is a system diagram illustrating a relationship between input information to the air conditioning control device and target devices controlled by the air conditioning control device.
  • FIG. 6 is a system diagram of an air conditioning duct according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the longitudinal direction (rail direction) of the railway vehicle is the X direction
  • the width direction (sleeper direction) of the railway vehicle is the Y direction
  • the height direction of the railway vehicle is the Z direction.
  • the X direction, the Y direction, and the Z direction may be simply referred to.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a railway vehicle according to Embodiments 1 and 2 of the present invention.
  • the railway vehicle 1 includes a frame 11 that forms a floor, side structures 12 that are erected on both ends of the frame in the Y direction, a leading structure 15 and a wife structure that are installed at the ends of the frame 11 in the X direction. 13 and the side structure 12, the head structure 15, and the roof structure 14 placed at the upper end of the wife structure 13 in the Z direction.
  • the underframe and structure constituting the railway vehicle 1 are formed by an aluminum alloy hollow extruded member in which two face plates facing each other are connected by ribs, thereby realizing manufacturability and weight reduction.
  • a carriage (not shown) having a wheel shaft that rolls on the track is provided below the both ends in the X direction of the frame 11 constituting the railway vehicle 1.
  • the side structure 12 constituting the railway vehicle 1 is provided with a window 12a, an entrance 12b used for passengers getting on and off, and an entrance 12c used for passengers getting on and off.
  • the doorway 12b provided in the side structure 12 is provided with a side sliding door that can be opened and closed along the X direction, and the doorway 15a provided in the leading structure 15 is provided with a side door that rotates around an axis along the Z direction. It is done.
  • the air conditioners 2a and 2b have a refrigeration cycle, an electric heater, and a ventilation blower for adjusting the temperature and humidity environment in the vehicle.
  • FIG. 2 is a system diagram of the air conditioning duct according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • This air conditioning duct is provided on the ceiling of a railway vehicle having a catering preparation room and a guest room (plan view of cross section a shown in FIG. 1).
  • FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view (cross-sectional view taken along line bb shown in FIG. 2) intersecting the X direction of a catering preparation room provided in the railway vehicle.
  • FIG. 4 is a device layout diagram showing the devices and the arrangement of the rail vehicle air conditioner used in the first embodiment.
  • the railway vehicle 1 includes partition walls 16a to 16d in order from one end of the railway vehicle 1 in the X direction, and a driver's cab 70, an entrance / exit 72a, a catering preparation room 74, and a guest room partitioned by the partition walls 16a to 16d. It has an entrance / exit 72b including 76 and a toilet 80.
  • one air conditioner 2a (see FIG. 1) is within the range from the cab 70 to the catering preparation room 74 including the entrance / exit 72a.
  • the other air conditioner 2b is responsible for ventilation and temperature / humidity control in the range from the guest room 76 to the entrance / exit 72b including the toilet 80.
  • the air conditioner 2a includes a compressor 20a, an outdoor heat exchanger 21a, an outdoor fan 23a, an indoor heat exchanger 22a, an electric heater 25a, and an indoor fan that constitute a refrigeration cycle in which refrigerant circulates. 24a and an exhaust blower 29a for exhausting the air inside the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle.
  • the component which the air conditioner 2b has is obtained by replacing “a” at the end of the reference numeral indicating each component of the air conditioner 2a with “b” (the air conditioner 2b shown in the lower right of FIG. 5). .
  • the air conditioner 2 a includes an air conditioning return port 26 a (FIG. 4) for taking in return air at a position corresponding to the duct return port 44 a (FIG. 2) provided on the ceiling of the railway vehicle 1, and the conditioned air duct 32 is provided with a conditioned air duct 32.
  • An air conditioning conditioned air supply port 28a (FIG. 4) is provided at a position corresponding to the air supply port 42a (FIG. 2).
  • the air conditioning return port 26a is provided with an in-vehicle temperature sensor 91a (FIG. 4) for detecting the temperature in the vehicle.
  • the air conditioner 2b also includes the same air conditioning arrangement configuration and sensors as described above.
  • the air conditioner 2a has an air conditioning exhaust intake 30a (FIG. 4) at a position corresponding to the duct exhaust port 37a (FIG. 2) of the exhaust duct 36a (FIGS. 2 and 3) provided on the ceiling of the railway vehicle 1.
  • the exhaust blower 29a discharges the exhaust air taken into the air conditioner from the air conditioning exhaust intake 30a to the outside of the vehicle from the air conditioning exhaust sweep outlet 31a.
  • the same amount of fresh outside air as the amount of air discharged to the outside of the vehicle is introduced into the air conditioners 2a and 2b from the air conditioning fresh air port 27a.
  • the air-conditioning fresh air outlet 27a is provided with an outside temperature sensor 95a that detects the temperature outside the vehicle.
  • fresh air taken into the air conditioner 2a from outside the vehicle as the exhaust blower 29a is operated is mixed with return air taken into the air conditioner from the air conditioning return port 26a.
  • the mixed fresh air and return air are supplied to the vehicle by the indoor fan 24a after the temperature and humidity are adjusted by the indoor heat exchanger 22a and the electric heater 25a.
  • a duct return port 44 a for taking in the air conditioner 2 a in the ceiling portion of the railway vehicle 1, and conditioned air in which the temperature and humidity are harmonized by each air conditioner are supplied to a guest room or the like.
  • a conditioned air duct 32 that blows air from the cab 70 to the entrance / exit 72b and an exhaust duct 36a that guides the air discharged from the inside of the vehicle to the outside of the vehicle to the air conditioner 2a are arranged.
  • the temperature and humidity of the entrance / exit bases 72a and 72b are conditioned air supplied from the conditioned air duct 32 connecting the entrance / exit bases 72a and 72b and the air conditioners 2a and 2b, and the exhaust duct. It is adjusted by exhausting or venting air out of the vehicle by means of 36a and 36b.
  • the air conditioner 2a supplies conditioned air from the conditioned air supply port 28a to the conditioned air supply port 42a provided in the conditioned air duct 32.
  • the conditioned air duct 32 has a plurality of openings (not shown) provided along the X direction at both ends in its Y direction. The conditioned air supplied to the conditioned air duct 32 is supplied to each part of the railway vehicle 1 through the opening described above in the process of flowing along the conditioned air duct 32.
  • the exhaust air from the cab 70 and the entrance / exit 72a and the exhaust air from the catering preparation chamber 74 reach the catering preparation chamber 74 through the entrance / exit 72a as shown in FIG.
  • the air conditioner 2a has an air conditioning exhaust port 31a. It is taken in and discharged out of the vehicle by the exhaust blower 29a.
  • the catering preparation room 74 has cooking equipment (facility) 50 such as a stove that causes exhaust heat and causes a large equipment load.
  • cooking equipment (facility) 50 such as a stove that causes exhaust heat and causes a large equipment load.
  • the air conditioner 2a takes in return air including large exhaust heat generated from these cooking appliances (equipment) 50 from the air conditioning return port 26a (FIG. 4) via the duct return port 44a (FIG. 2), air conditioning.
  • the operating rate of the compressor 20a constituting the refrigeration cycle included in the device 2a is increased, and the air conditioner 2a may consume a large amount of power.
  • air including a large amount of exhaust heat is supplied to the air conditioning exhaust intake from a duct exhaust port 37a provided above a cooking appliance (equipment) 50 such as a stove.
  • the air is taken into the air conditioner 2a through 30a (FIG. 4) and discharged outside the vehicle by the exhaust blower 29a.
  • the air conditioner 2a does not take in air containing a large amount of exhaust heat from the air conditioning return port 26a. Therefore, the operating rate of the compressor 20a and the outdoor fan 23a of the air conditioner 2a does not increase, and the power consumption of the air conditioner 2a is reduced. The increase can be suppressed.
  • FIG. 5 is a system diagram illustrating a relationship between input information to the air conditioning control device and target devices controlled by the air conditioning control device.
  • the railway vehicle 1 includes in-vehicle temperature sensors 92a and 92b for detecting the in-vehicle temperature on the walls of the partition walls 16c and 16d, and a passenger number counting device 90a for counting the number of passengers getting on and off. It is provided on the ceiling in the vicinity of the side doorway 12b of 72a. Similarly, the passenger number counting device 90b is provided on the side entrance 12b of the entrance / exit 72b and the ceiling near the through passage.
  • the railway vehicle 1 includes a cooking appliance operation monitoring sensor 200 (not shown) that monitors the operating status of a cooking appliance (equipment) 50 such as a stove, microwave oven, and refrigerator provided in the catering preparation room 74.
  • a cooking appliance (equipment) 50 such as a stove, microwave oven, and refrigerator provided in the catering preparation room 74.
  • the air-conditioning control device 60 that controls the air-conditioning devices 2a and 2b detects variations in the vehicle interior temperature from the outputs of the vehicle interior temperature sensors 91a, 91b, 92a, and 92b, so that the difference between the vehicle interior temperature and the vehicle interior temperature is reduced.
  • the operating rate of the compressor 20a and the like is adjusted.
  • the air-conditioning control device 60 detects the operation of a cooking device (facility) 50 (for example, a stove) that generates a large amount of heat from the output of the cooking device operation monitoring sensor 200. In this case, the air-conditioning control device 60 increases the rotational speed of the exhaust blower 29a built in the air-conditioning device 2a, and attracts the air whose temperature has been increased by the exhaust heat of the stove from the duct exhaust port 37a (FIG. 2). To discharge.
  • a cooking device for example, a stove
  • the air conditioning control device 60 detects the operation of the cooking appliance (equipment) 50 (for example, a stove).
  • the rotation of the exhaust blower 29a is increased.
  • the air conditioner 2a does not attract high-temperature return air from the air conditioning return port 26a (FIG. 4) via the duct return port 44a (FIG. 2), and therefore air containing large exhaust heat from the air conditioning return port 26a.
  • the operating rates of the compressor 20a and the outdoor blower 23a are not increased, and an increase in power consumption of the air conditioner 2a can be suppressed.
  • the air conditioning control device 60 detects the operation of a cooking device (facility) 50 (for example, a stove) with large heat generation from the output of the cooking device operation monitoring sensor 200. In this case, since the air conditioning control device 60 maintains the rotational speed of the exhaust blower 29a and lowers the operating rate of the electric heater 25a, it can reduce the amount of power consumed by the electric heater 25a and increase the power consumption of the air conditioning device 2a. Can be suppressed.
  • a cooking device for example, a stove
  • FIG. 6 is a system diagram of an air conditioning duct according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the air conditioning duct according to the second embodiment is provided on the ceiling of a railway vehicle having a first class cabin and a second class cabin.
  • description of matters common to those described in the first embodiment will be omitted, and only matters necessary for the description of the second embodiment will be described.
  • the railway vehicle 1 including the air-conditioning duct according to the second embodiment has two air-conditioning apparatuses arranged on the roof along the X direction.
  • One air conditioner (not shown) mainly air-conditions the entrance / exit stand 72a and the first class guest room 77a
  • the other air conditioner (not shown) mainly air-conditions the second class guest room 77b and the entrance / exit stand 72b.
  • Passenger number counting devices 90a and 90b for counting the number of passengers getting on and off the railway vehicle 1 are provided on the ceilings of the entrances 72a and 72b, respectively.
  • Ventilation blowers 29a and 29b built in the air conditioner allow air inside and outside the railway vehicle 1 so that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the vehicle that rises as passengers discharge does not exceed a predetermined value. Replace (ventilation).
  • ventilation blowers 29a and 29b FIGS. 3 and 4
  • the power consumption of the air conditioner 2a increases if the ventilation fan ventilates despite the fact that the concentration of carbon dioxide gas has not increased. There is a fear.
  • the number of passengers obtained from the passenger count device calculated by the passenger count device 90a provided in the entrance / exit 72a and the passenger count device 90b provided in the entrance / exit 72b is input to the air conditioning controller 60.
  • the air conditioning control device 60 adds the number of passengers obtained from the passenger count devices 90a and 90b to the carbon dioxide emission per unit time of one passenger, and calculates the estimated value of the carbon dioxide concentration in the vehicle.
  • the air conditioning control device 60 controls the rotational speeds of the exhaust blowers 29a and 29b based on the calculated estimated value.
  • the air conditioning control device 60 calculates an estimated value of the human load by adding the number of passengers obtained from the passenger count devices 90a and 90b to the calorific value per passenger, Based on the estimated value of the dynamic load, the rotational speeds of the exhaust fans 29a and 29b are controlled.
  • the above control method for calculating the estimated value of the human load by integrating the number of passengers and controlling the rotational speed of the exhaust fan based on the estimated value of the human load is the configuration of the air conditioning duct according to the first embodiment. It can also be applied to the case. That is, a pattern for calculating an estimated value of the human load by the number of passengers obtained from the passenger count device 90a and controlling the rotational speed of the exhaust blower 29a based on the estimated value of the human load, similarly, counting the number of passengers The estimated value of the human load based on the number of passengers obtained from the device 90b is calculated, and the rotational speed of the exhaust blower 29b is controlled based on the estimated value of the human load, and the passenger count devices 90a and 90b are used.
  • An estimated value of the human load is calculated by integrating the number of passengers to be used, and a pattern for controlling the rotational speed of the exhaust blowers 29a and 29b based on the estimated value of the human load can be appropriately adopted. In that case, it respond
  • a carbon dioxide concentration sensor is provided in addition to the in-vehicle temperature sensors (91a, 91b, 92a, and 92b) provided in the wall surface of the partition wall in the vehicle or the air conditioning return port of the air conditioner shown in FIGS.
  • the above-described effects can also be obtained by inputting the output of the carbon dioxide concentration sensor to the air conditioning control device 60 (see the broken line portion in FIG. 5).
  • a condition for generating this beat is input to the air conditioning control device 60 in advance.
  • the air-conditioning control device 60 determines the operating frequency of each exhaust blower based on each output of the cooking appliance operation monitoring sensor and the passenger number counting device or the carbon dioxide concentration sensor, avoid the condition that this beat occurs.
  • Each exhaust blower can be operated.
  • a railway vehicle having no in-vehicle environment can be provided.
  • the railcar 1 having a catering preparation room (section) 74 and a guest room 76 that may cause a large heat load will be described.
  • the first class guest room 77a and the fixed capacity with a small capacity will be described.
  • the example of the railway vehicle 1 having the second class guest room 77b having a large number has been described.
  • a railway vehicle having a compartment with a bicycle storage area or a luggage storage area and a guest room is assumed.
  • the air-conditioning control device provides the heat load or carbonic acid of the compartment or guest room to be adjusted for temperature and humidity by the air-conditioner. It detects (estimates) the amount of gas discharged and controls the exhaust blower, compressor, outdoor blower, electric heater, and the like built in the air conditioner. Thereby, it is not necessary to redesign the arrangement of conditioned air ducts and exhaust air ducts corresponding to the combination of compartments and guest rooms, and the air conditioner incorporating the exhaust blower, and it is possible to provide a railway vehicle with low design cost. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

Bien que l'augmentation de la taille du climatiseur et l'accroissement des vitesses de fonctionnement soient efficaces pour répondre à des augmentations de charge de ventilation et de charge d'équipement d'un climatiseur installé dans un wagon de chemin de fer, il existe des problèmes associés à des augmentations du poids et de la consommation d'énergie du climatiseur. Afin de résoudre le problème, l'invention concerne un wagon de chemin de fer qui a un intérieur composé d'au moins un premier compartiment et d'un second compartiment et comprend : un premier climatiseur pour régler la température et l'humidité dans le premier compartiment ; un second climatiseur pour régler la température et l'humidité dans le second compartiment ; et un dispositif de commande de climatisation pour commander les premier et second climatiseurs. Le premier climatiseur comporte un premier ventilateur d'extraction, le second climatiseur comporte un second ventilateur d'extraction, et le dispositif de commande de climatiseur commande le premier ventilateur d'extraction en réponse à la variation de charge de climatisation dans le premier compartiment et commande le second ventilateur d'extraction en réponse à la variation de charge de climatisation dans le second compartiment.
PCT/JP2017/014622 2017-04-10 2017-04-10 Wagon de chemin de fer Ceased WO2018189769A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2017/014622 WO2018189769A1 (fr) 2017-04-10 2017-04-10 Wagon de chemin de fer

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/JP2017/014622 WO2018189769A1 (fr) 2017-04-10 2017-04-10 Wagon de chemin de fer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018189769A1 true WO2018189769A1 (fr) 2018-10-18

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PCT/JP2017/014622 Ceased WO2018189769A1 (fr) 2017-04-10 2017-04-10 Wagon de chemin de fer

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4151492A1 (fr) * 2021-09-16 2023-03-22 Siemens Rail Automation S.A.U. Système et procédé prédictifs de rénovation d'air
EP4467413A1 (fr) * 2023-05-22 2024-11-27 SpeedInnov Véhicule ferroviaire à système de distribution d'air conditionné perfectionné

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006170593A (ja) * 2004-11-19 2006-06-29 Daikin Ind Ltd 換気制御装置
JP2012071680A (ja) * 2010-09-28 2012-04-12 Hitachi Ltd 給気装置と排気装置と排気送風機とを備える鉄道車両、および、鉄道車両に備えられる給気装置と排気装置と排気送風機の制御方法
JP2015130034A (ja) * 2014-01-07 2015-07-16 富士通株式会社 風量計算プログラム、情報処理装置および風量計算方法
WO2016051580A1 (fr) * 2014-10-03 2016-04-07 株式会社日立製作所 Wagon de chemin de fer comportant des dispositifs de conditionnement d'air dans le poste de conduite, la cuisine et le compartiment passagers

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2006170593A (ja) * 2004-11-19 2006-06-29 Daikin Ind Ltd 換気制御装置
JP2012071680A (ja) * 2010-09-28 2012-04-12 Hitachi Ltd 給気装置と排気装置と排気送風機とを備える鉄道車両、および、鉄道車両に備えられる給気装置と排気装置と排気送風機の制御方法
JP2015130034A (ja) * 2014-01-07 2015-07-16 富士通株式会社 風量計算プログラム、情報処理装置および風量計算方法
WO2016051580A1 (fr) * 2014-10-03 2016-04-07 株式会社日立製作所 Wagon de chemin de fer comportant des dispositifs de conditionnement d'air dans le poste de conduite, la cuisine et le compartiment passagers

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP4151492A1 (fr) * 2021-09-16 2023-03-22 Siemens Rail Automation S.A.U. Système et procédé prédictifs de rénovation d'air
EP4467413A1 (fr) * 2023-05-22 2024-11-27 SpeedInnov Véhicule ferroviaire à système de distribution d'air conditionné perfectionné

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