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WO2018127009A1 - 自行车变速装置及其操作方法和自行车 - Google Patents

自行车变速装置及其操作方法和自行车 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018127009A1
WO2018127009A1 PCT/CN2017/120057 CN2017120057W WO2018127009A1 WO 2018127009 A1 WO2018127009 A1 WO 2018127009A1 CN 2017120057 W CN2017120057 W CN 2017120057W WO 2018127009 A1 WO2018127009 A1 WO 2018127009A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gear
shifting device
clutch lever
bicycle
transmission box
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/CN2017/120057
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
郭兆天
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO2018127009A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018127009A1/zh
Priority to US16/447,989 priority Critical patent/US11091224B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
    • B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M11/00—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels
    • B62M11/04—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio
    • B62M11/06—Transmissions characterised by the use of interengaging toothed wheels or frictionally-engaging wheels of changeable ratio with spur gear wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62M—RIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M25/00—Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles
    • B62M25/02—Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles with mechanical transmitting systems, e.g. cables, levers
    • B62M25/04—Actuators for gearing speed-change mechanisms specially adapted for cycles with mechanical transmitting systems, e.g. cables, levers hand actuated

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of bicycles, and more particularly to a bicycle shifting device, a method of operating the same, and a bicycle.
  • many bicycle shifting devices realize shifting by: setting a plurality of gears of different sizes before and after, and driving the chain, changing the speed ratio by controlling the chain and changing the combination of the front and rear gears.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a bicycle shifting device which is not only simple in structure, low in cost, durable in use, but also capable of eliminating the phenomenon of being disconnected or broken, and further capable of making the speed ratio change more flexible and diverse.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of operating a bicycle shifting device that has the advantages of the bicycle shifting device described above.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a bicycle equipped with the bicycle shifting device described above, which can effectively eliminate the phenomenon of chain scission and chain scission, and which is more convenient and flexible in shifting.
  • the bicycle shifting device is provided with a front gear plate and a rear gear plate, and the pinion gear of the front gear plate and the large gear of the rear gear plate constitute a low gear, and the large gear of the front gear plate and the small gear of the rear gear plate Corresponding to form a high speed gear;
  • the front gear plate is moved forward and separated from the transmission box by manipulating the clutch lever, and meshed backward to engage;
  • a transmission box is arranged between the front gear plate and the rear gear plate, and a set of small gears arranged in a straight line is arranged in the transmission box.
  • the number of the pinion gears is a single number, and the ends of the pinion gears at both ends of the transmission box are exposed outside the transmission box and before The gear plate and the rear gear plate mesh;
  • the middle outer sleeve of the transmission box has a gear slot fixed on the side of the tripod.
  • the top of the transmission box is movably connected to the shift lever through the gear slot, and the transmission box is in the gear slot by operating the clutch lever and the shift lever. Move back and forth to the desired gear position.
  • the distance between the front gear plate and the transmission case after being moved forward is 1.5-2.5 cm.
  • the distance between the front gear plate and the transmission case after being moved forward is 2 cm.
  • the number of gears correspondingly disposed on each of the front and rear gear discs is a plurality of one-to-one correspondence.
  • each of the front and rear gear discs is provided with five gears of different numbers on each of the gear discs, and five gears corresponding to the rear gear discs are disposed.
  • the five gears correspondingly arranged on the gear plate are in one-to-one correspondence, and correspondingly constitute five gear positions.
  • the gear position groove is sleeved on the transmission box, and is disposed in the gear strip groove corresponding to the five gear positions from the inside to the outside.
  • the cross member of the bicycle tripod is further provided with a control panel matched with the shift lever and the clutch lever.
  • control panel is further provided with a latch for controlling the locking state of the clutch lever.
  • the shift lever is hinged on the back inclined beam of the tripod, so that the shift lever includes the upper end control arm section and the lower end slave arm section in the longitudinal direction. And the direction of movement of the control arm section and the slave arm section is opposite.
  • the shift lever formed by the control arm section and the slave arm section is a labor-saving lever.
  • the clutch lever is hinged to the front bevel of the tripod so as to divide the clutch lever into an active clutch arm and a slave clutch arm through a hinge point.
  • the clutch lever formed by the active clutch arm and the driven clutch arm is a laborious lever.
  • the active clutch operating arm and the driven clutch operating arm are not on the same axis.
  • a method for operating a bicycle shifting device includes:
  • the clutch lever After moving the transmission box to the target position in the gear slot, the clutch lever is controlled to cause the clutch lever to drive the front gear plate to move backward, thereby engaging the front gear plate with the transmission case.
  • the clutch lever is in a locked state before the clutch lever is driven to move the clutch lever to move forward; and correspondingly, the gear disc is driven before the clutch lever is driven.
  • the correspondingly set latch is released, so that the clutch lever is restored to the free state of movement, and when the front gear disc is engaged with the transmission box, the clutch lever is locked by the latch, so that the front gear disc and the transmission box can be stably transmitted. power.
  • the front gear plate is moved by a distance of 2 cm when the front of the clutch lever is moved forward.
  • a bicycle provided with the bicycle shifting device described above.
  • the utility model has the beneficial effects that the bicycle shifting device provided by the embodiment of the invention not only makes the structure simple and durable, but also eliminates the phenomenon of de-chaining and chain-breaking by providing a gear plate, a transmission box, a gear slot and the like. And it should be emphasized that it only needs to manipulate the clutch lever and the shift lever to complete the change of the speed ratio in an instant and convert the required gear position arbitrarily, so it also has the characteristics of simple operation, convenient and practical. Therefore, the bicycle shifting device and the operating method thereof and the bicycle provided by the embodiments of the present invention have important marketing and application values.
  • FIG. 1 is a front elevational view of an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a top plan view of a gear slot of an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG 3 is a top plan view of a control board according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Icons 1- front gear plate; 2- rear gear plate; 3-clutch lever; 4-transmission box; 5-position slot; 6-top; 7-shift lever; 8--control board;
  • orientation or positional relationship of the terms “inner”, “outer”, “horizontal” and the like is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or when the inventive product is used. Ordinarily placed orientations or positional relationships are merely for the purpose of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component referred to has a particular orientation, is constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be construed as a Limitations of the invention. Moreover, the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, and the like are used merely to distinguish a description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance.
  • connection should be understood broadly, and may be fixed connection, for example, or may be The connection is disassembled or connected integrally; it may be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between the two elements.
  • the specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case by those skilled in the art.
  • This embodiment provides a bicycle shifting device that mainly relates to the field of bicycles. It should be noted that the bicycle shifting device provided by the embodiment not only has a simple structure, low cost, and durability, but also can eliminate the phenomenon of disconnection and chain scission, and can also make the speed ratio change more flexible and diverse. Therefore, it has important promotion and application value.
  • the bicycle shifting device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a front gear plate 1 and a rear gear plate 2, wherein the pinion gear and the rear gear plate 2 of the front gear plate 1 are combined with reference to FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 .
  • the large gear corresponds to a low gear
  • the large gear of the front gear plate 1 and the small gear of the rear gear plate 2 constitute a high speed gear
  • the number of the front gear plate 1 and the rear gear plate 2 and the corresponding distance are equal.
  • a transmission box 4 is disposed between the front gear plate 1 and the rear gear plate 2, and a set of linearly arranged pinions are arranged in the transmission box 4.
  • the number of the pinion gears is a single number, and the transmission box 4
  • the ends of the pinion gears at the inner ends are exposed outside the transmission case 4 and meshed with the front gear plate 1 and the rear gear plate 2.
  • the bicycle shifting device provided in this embodiment is further provided with a clutch lever 3.
  • the clutch lever 3 By operating the clutch lever 3, the front gear disc 1 can be moved forward and the transmission box 4 is separated. After the movement is engaged;
  • the middle outer sleeve of the transmission box 4 provided in this embodiment has a gear slot 5 fixed on the side of the tripod, and the top portion 6 of the transmission box 4 passes through the gear slot 5.
  • the distance that the front gear plate 1 can move forward by operating the clutch lever 3 can be about 2 cm (in actual design, the distance between the front gear plate 1 and the forward gear wheel 1 can be adjusted to be 1.5-2.5 cm as needed) . It should be noted that the reason why the distance of the front gear plate 1 moving forward is limited because a suitable distance is first required to ensure that the front gear plate 1 can be completely separated from the transmission case 4, and the gear box 4 is geared. In the process of the movement adjustment, the separation state is still in the separated state; and the distance for moving the front gear plate 1 forward is not limited to a large extent, and it is not necessary on the one hand, and the manipulation of the clutch lever 3 is also facilitated on the other hand.
  • the front and rear two gear discs (front gear disc 1 and rear gear disc 2 ) composed of a plurality of gears with different numbers of teeth, wherein the front gear disc 1
  • the pinion 11 corresponds to the large gear 12 of the rear gear plate 2, and constitutes a low gear first gear
  • the large gear 51 of the front gear plate 1 and the pinion gear 52 of the rear gear plate 2 constitute a high gear 5 gear, and so on. 2
  • the marks 21, 31, 41 are the gears of the front gear plate 1
  • the marks 22, 32, 42 are the gears of the rear gear plate 2, wherein the pinion 21 of the front gear plate 1 Corresponding to the large gear 22 of the rear gear plate 2, the low speed second gear is formed
  • the pinion gear 31 of the front gear plate 1 corresponds to the large gear 32 of the rear gear plate 2, and constitutes a medium speed third gear
  • the pinion gear of the front gear plate 1 41 corresponds to the large gear 42 of the rear gear plate 2, and constitutes a high speed 4th gear.
  • the number of the front and rear gears and the corresponding distance provided by the embodiment are completely equal, so that the front of the clutch lever 3 can be realized.
  • the gear plate 1 is moved forward by about 2 cm to separate from the transmission case 4, and the technical effect of meshing backwards; in addition, in other In the embodiment, it is not limited to the five gear positions provided by the embodiment, and the number of gears on each of the corresponding front gear plate 1 and rear gear plate 2 may be multiple, such as four, six, and eight. And so on.
  • a transmission box 4 is disposed between the front and rear gear plates, and the transmission box 4 has a plurality of (single) linearly arranged pinions, and the ends of the pinions at both ends are exposed outside the box to be engaged with the front and rear gear plates.
  • the middle outer sleeve of the transmission box 4 is sleeved with a gear slot 5 fixed on the side of the tripod.
  • the top view is as shown in Fig. 2. Five gear slots are provided from the inside to the outside, and the top 6 of the transmission box 4 is worn.
  • the shift position slot 5 is movably connected to the shift lever 7.
  • a control panel 8 matching the shift lever 7 and the clutch lever 3 is further disposed on the beam of the bicycle tripod, and the shift lever 7 and the clutch lever 3 are conveniently operated by the control panel 8. In order to facilitate its precise limit operation.
  • control panel 8 provided in this embodiment is further provided with a latch 9 for controlling the locking state of the clutch lever 3, and the latch 9 can perform timely locking and releasing according to the clutch state required for the clutch lever 3. Therefore, the clutch operation of the clutch lever 3 is better assisted.
  • it is not limited to the one of the latches 9 provided by the embodiment, and may be other types of structural members that implement locking and releasing the clutch lever 3 to control the clutching state.
  • the shift lever 7 provided in this embodiment is hinged on the rear inclined beam of the bicycle tripod, so that the shift lever 7 sequentially includes the upper end control arm section and the lower end follower arm section in the longitudinal direction.
  • the shift lever 7 formed by the control arm section and the slave arm section is a labor-saving lever, and the control arm section and the slave arm section are opposite in direction when moving, that is, through the shift lever 7 When the gear position is adjusted, the control arm section is forward, and the transmission case 4 connected to the slave arm section is moved backward, and so on.
  • the clutch lever 3 provided in this embodiment is hinged on the front slanting beam of the tripod, so that the clutch lever 3 is divided into an active clutching arm and a driven clutching arm by a hinge point.
  • the clutch lever 3 formed by the active clutch arm and the driven clutch arm is a laborious lever, and the active clutch arm and the driven clutch arm are perpendicular to each other in the initial state, thereby making the clutch
  • the installation of the rod 3 is more convenient, the operation is more compact and convenient, and can be designed in the same control panel 8 with the good cooperation of the shift lever 7.
  • the embodiment further provides a method for operating a bicycle shifting device, which specifically includes the following steps:
  • the clutch lever 3 When the shift is required, the clutch lever 3 is controlled, the front gear wheel 1 is automatically moved forward by about 2 cm, and separated from the transmission box 4; the shift lever 7 is controlled to enable the shift lever 7 to drive the transmission box 4 in the gear position slot. Move inside and outside in any direction;
  • the clutch lever 3 When the transmission box 4 is moved to the target position in the gear position groove (required gear position), the clutch lever 3 is controlled so that the clutch lever 3 drives the front gear plate 1 to move backward, thereby causing the front gear plate 1 to mesh with the transmission case 4.
  • the clutch lever 3 Before the clutch lever 3 is controlled so that the clutch lever 3 drives the front gear plate 1 to move forward, the clutch lever 3 is in a locked state; correspondingly, before the clutch lever 3 drives the front gear plate 1 to move forward, the brake lever 1 is disengaged
  • the latch 9 is provided to return the clutch lever 3 to the free state of movement, and when the front gear plate 1 is engaged with the transmission case 4, the clutch lever 3 is locked by the latch 9 so that the front gear plate 1 and the transmission case 4 can be stabilized.
  • the ground transmits power.
  • the present embodiment also provides a bicycle provided with the above-described bicycle shifting device, and the shifting adjustment process also employs the operating method of the bicycle shifting device described in the above embodiment. Therefore, the bicycle provided by the present embodiment has the advantages of the bicycle shifting device described above (the structure is simple, the cost is low, and the durability is durable, which not only eliminates the phenomenon of being disconnected or broken, but also makes the speed ratio change more flexible and diverse) It has a high value for promotion and application.
  • the bicycle shifting device and the operating method thereof and the bicycle provided by the invention not only have the advantages of simple structure, low cost and durability, but also can effectively eliminate the phenomenon of de-chaining and chain-breaking, and make the speed ratio change of the bicycle more flexible. Diversified, therefore, the invention has important promotion and application value and broad market development prospects.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
  • Transmissions By Endless Flexible Members (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

一种自行车变速装置，该自行车变速装置通过设置前齿轮盘（1）和后齿轮盘（2），使得前齿轮盘（1）的小齿轮与后齿轮盘（2）的大齿轮相对应构成低速档，前齿轮盘（1）的大齿轮与后齿轮盘（2）的小齿轮相对应构成高速档；通过在前齿轮盘（1）和后齿轮盘（2）之间设有传动盒（4），使得在操纵离合杆（3）时能够实现前齿轮盘（1）向前移动并与传动盒（4）分离，向后移动则啮合；通过在传动盒（4）的中间外部设置固定于三角架的档位槽（5），并使传动盒（4）的顶部（6）穿过档位槽（5）与换档杆（7）活动连接，从而最终实现灵活快捷换档的目的。因此，上述的自行车变速装置及其操作方法和自行车具备较高的推广应用价值。

Description

自行车变速装置及其操作方法和自行车
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2017年01月04日提交中国专利局的申请号为201720005566.2、名称为“自行车变速装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及自行车领域，尤其是涉及一种自行车变速装置及其操作方法和自行车。
背景技术
目前，很多自行车变速装置是通过以下方式实现变速的：前后设置若干个大小不一的齿轮，由链条传动，通过控制链条，改变前后齿轮的组合来改变速比。
虽然目前所采用的上述自行车变速装置在变速方面具有方便实用的特点，但仍有不足之处，具体地体现在：结构复杂，造价较高；不易维修；无法克服脱链、断链的现象；齿数落差、齿比、速比等变化不够灵活多样。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种自行车变速装置，其不仅结构简单、造价低廉、经久耐用，而且能消除脱链、断链等现象，另外，其还能够使速比变化更加的灵活多样。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种自行车变速装置的操作方法，其具有上述自行车变速装置的各项优点。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种自行车，其安装有上述的自行车变速装置，其能够有效消除脱链和断链现象，并且其变速更加的便捷和灵活多样。
本发明的实施例是这样实现的：
自行车变速装置，该自行车变速装置设有前齿轮盘和后齿轮盘，前齿轮盘的小齿轮与后齿轮盘的大齿轮相对应构成低速档，前齿轮盘的大齿轮与后齿轮盘的小齿轮相对应构成高速档；
前齿轮盘和后齿轮盘的个数以及相对应的距离相等；
通过操纵离合杆实现前齿轮盘向前移动并与传动盒分离，向后移动则啮合；
前齿轮盘和后齿轮盘之间设有传动盒，传动盒内设有一组直线排列的小齿轮，小齿轮的个数为单数，传动盒内两端的小齿轮的终端露出传动盒外并与前齿轮盘和后齿 轮盘相啮合；
传动盒的中间外部套有一个固定于三角架边上的档位槽，传动盒的顶部穿过档位槽与换档杆活动连接，通过操纵离合杆、换档杆使传动盒在档位槽内前后左右任意移动到需要的档位。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，前齿轮盘向前移动后与传动盒分离状态下的间隔距离为1.5-2.5cm。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，前齿轮盘向前移动后与传动盒分离状态下的间隔距离为2cm。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，前齿轮盘和后齿轮盘每个齿轮盘上对应设置的齿轮个数为多个，且一一对应。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，上述前齿轮盘和后齿轮盘每个齿轮盘上对应设置有5个齿数不一的齿轮，并且前齿轮盘上对应设置的5个齿轮与后齿轮盘上对应设置的5个齿轮一一对应，且对应构成5个档位。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，上述档位槽套设在传动盒上，且从里到外设置于5个档位相对应的档位条形槽。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，上述自行车三脚架的横梁上还设置有与换档杆和离合杆相匹配的控制板。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，上述控制板上还设置用于控制离合杆锁紧状态的栓锁。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，上述换档杆铰接在三角架的后斜梁上，从而使得换档杆沿长度方向依次包括上端的控制臂区段和下端从动臂区段，并且控制臂区段和从动臂区段运动的方向相反。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，由控制臂区段和从动臂区段构成的换档杆为一省力杠杆。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，上述离合杆铰接在三角架的前斜梁上，从而通过铰接点将离合杆划分为主动离合操纵臂和从动离合操纵臂。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，由主动离合操纵臂和从动离合操纵臂构成的离合杆为一费力杠杆。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，上述主动离合操纵臂与从动离合操纵臂不在同一轴线上。
一种自行车变速装置的操作方法，其具体包括：
控制离合杆，使离合杆驱动前齿轮盘向前移动，从而实现前齿轮盘齿轮与传动盒 齿轮的分离；
控制换挡杆，使换挡杆能够驱动传动盒在档位槽内向前后左右任意方向移动；
当移动传动盒在档位槽内的目标位置后，控制离合杆，使离合杆驱动前齿轮盘后移，进而使得前齿轮盘与传动盒啮合。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，在进行控制离合杆，使离合杆驱动前齿轮盘向前移动前，离合杆是锁定状态的；对应地，在控制离合杆驱动前齿轮盘向前移动前，先解除对应设置的栓锁，使离合杆恢复活动自由的状态，而在前齿轮盘与传动盒啮合时，通过栓锁锁定离合杆，使得前齿轮盘与传动盒能够稳定地传递动力。
进一步地，在本发明较佳的实施例中，在使离合杆驱动前齿轮盘向前移动时，前齿轮盘的移动距离为2cm。
一种自行车，其设置有上述的自行车变速装置。
本发明实施例的有益效果是：本发明实施例提供的自行车变速装置通过设置齿轮盘、传动盒、档位槽等，不但使其结构简单、经久耐用，而且能够消除脱链、断链的现象，并且需要强调的是，其只需操纵离合杆、换档杆，便可在瞬间完成速比的变化，任意转换需要的档位，故其还具有操作简单，方便实用的特点。因此，本发明实施例提供的自行车变速装置及其操作方法和自行车具有重要的市场推广应用价值。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案，下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，应当理解，以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例，因此不应被看作是对范围的限定，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。
图1是本发明实施例的主视示意图；
图2是本发明实施例档位槽的俯视示意图；
图3是本发明实施例控制板的俯视示意图。
图标：1-前齿轮盘；2-后齿轮盘；3-离合杆；4-传动盒；5-档位槽；6-顶部；7-换档杆；8-控制板；9-栓锁。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例 的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。
因此，以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围，而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“内”、“外”、“水平”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”等仅用于区分描述，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本发明的描述中，还需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“设置”、“安装”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体地连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连，可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明。
本实施例提供一种自行车变速装置，其主要涉及自行车领域。需要说明的是，本实施例提供的自行车变速装置不但结构简单、造价低廉、经久耐用，而且能够消除脱链、断链等现象，另外，其还能够使速比变化更加的灵活多样。因此，其具有重要的推广应用价值。
具体地，请结合参照图1、图2和图3，本发明实施例提供的自行车变速装置设有前齿轮盘1和后齿轮盘2，其中，前齿轮盘1的小齿轮与后齿轮盘2的大齿轮相对应构成低速档，前齿轮盘1的大齿轮与后齿轮盘2的小齿轮相对应构成高速档，前齿轮盘1和后齿轮盘2的个数、相对应的距离相等。
进一步地，请继续参照图1，前齿轮盘1和后齿轮盘2之间设有传动盒4，传动盒4内设有一组直线排列的小齿轮，小齿轮的个数为单数，传动盒4内两端的小齿轮的终端露出传动盒4外并与前齿轮盘1和后齿轮盘2相啮合。
需要说明的是，请结合参照图1和图3，本实施例提供的自行车变速装置还设置了离合杆3，通过操纵离合杆3可以实现前齿轮盘1向前移动并传动盒4分离，向后移动则啮合；
进一步地，请结合参照图1和图2，本实施例提供的传动盒4的中间外部套有一个固定于三角架边上的档位槽5，传动盒4的顶部6穿过档位槽5与换档杆7活动连接，通过 操纵离合杆3、换档杆7可以使传动盒4在档位槽5内前后左右任意移动到需要的档位，从而实现灵活快捷换档。
进一步地，通过操纵离合杆3实现前齿轮盘1向前移动的距离可为2cm左右(实际设计中，可根据需要将前齿轮盘1向前移动的距离间隔调整在1.5-2.5cm之间)。需要说明的是，之所以对于前齿轮盘1向前移动的距离进行限定，是因为首先需要一个合适的距离才能保证前齿轮盘1能够完全于传动盒4分离，并且在传动盒4进行档位移动调整的过程中，仍然处于分离状态；而将前齿轮盘1向前移动的距离没有限定的很大，一方面是没有必要，另外一方面也是方便离合杆3的操纵。
更具体地，请继续参照图1，本实施例所设置的前后两个由若干个齿数不一的齿轮组成的齿轮盘(前齿轮盘1和后齿轮盘2)，其中，前齿轮盘1的小齿轮11与后齿轮盘2的大齿轮12相对应，构成低速档1档，而前齿轮盘1的大齿轮51与后齿轮盘2的小齿轮52构成高速档5档，依此类推，具体地，请结合图2和图3，首先，标记21、31、41为前齿轮盘1的齿轮，标记22、32、42为后齿轮盘2的齿轮，其中，前齿轮盘1的小齿轮21与后齿轮盘2的大齿轮22相对应，构成低速2档，前齿轮盘1的小齿轮31与后齿轮盘2的大齿轮32相对应，构成中速3档，前齿轮盘1的小齿轮41与后齿轮盘2的大齿轮42相对应，构成高速4档，需要说明的是，本实施例提供的前后齿轮的个数、相对应的距离完全相等，故通过操纵离合杆3可实现前齿轮盘1前移2cm左右与传动盒4分离，向后则啮合的技术效果；另外，在其它实施例当中，并不仅限于本实施例提供的5个档位，对应的前齿轮盘1和后齿轮盘2每个齿轮盘上的齿轮个数可以为多个，如4个、6个、8个等。
进一步地，前后齿轮盘之间设置一条传动盒4，该传动盒4内置若干个(单数)直线排列的小齿轮，两端的小齿轮的终端露出盒外，以便与前后齿轮盘相啮合。传动盒4的中间外部套着一个固定于三角架边上的档位槽5，其俯视图如图2所示，由里到外设置5个档位条形槽，并且传动盒4的顶部6穿过档位槽5活动连接着换档杆7。
进一步地，本实施例中，还在自行车三脚架的横梁上还设置有与换挡杆7和离合杆3相匹配的控制板8，通过控制板8可以方便换挡杆7和离合杆3进行操作，以便于其精准限位操作。
进一步地，本实施例提供的控制板8上还设置有用于控制离合杆3锁紧状态的栓锁9，该栓锁9能根据离合杆3所需要的离合状态进行及时的锁紧和解除动作，从而较好的辅助离合杆3的离合动作操作。需要说明的是，在其它实施例当中，并不仅限于本实施例所提供的栓锁9这一种，其还可以是其它类型具有实现锁紧和解除离合杆3以控制离合状态的结构件。
进一步地，本实施例提供的换挡杆7是铰接在自行车三角架的后斜梁上的，从而使得 换挡杆7沿长度方向依次包括上端的控制臂区段和下端从动臂区段。需要说明的是，由控制臂区段和从动臂区段构成的换挡杆7为一省力杠杆，并且控制臂区段和从动臂区段运动时方向相反，即就是通过换挡杆7调整档位时，控制臂区段向前，与从动臂区段连接的传动盒4就会向后移动，其它的依次类推。
进一步地，本实施例提供的离合杆3是铰接在三角架的前斜梁上的，从而通过铰接点将离合杆3划分为主动离合操纵臂和从动离合操纵臂。需要说明的是，本实施例由主动离合操纵臂和从动离合操纵臂构成的离合杆3为一费力杠杆，且主动离合操纵臂与从动离合操纵臂在初始状态下相互垂直，从而使得离合杆3的安装更加方便，操作更加的简洁便利，并且能够和换挡杆7很好的配合设计在同一个控制板8中。
本实施例还提供了一种自行车变速装置的操作方法，其具体包括以下步骤：
当需要换档时，控制离合杆3，让前齿轮盘1自动前移2cm左右，并与传动盒4分离；再控制换档杆7，使换挡杆7能够驱动传动盒4在档位槽内前后左右任意方向移动；
当移动传动盒4到档位槽内的目标位置后(需要的档位)，控制离合杆3，使离合杆3驱动前齿轮盘1后移，进而使得前齿轮盘1与传动盒4啮合。
进一步地，在控制离合杆3，使离合杆3驱动前齿轮盘1向前移动前，离合杆3是锁定状态的；对应地，在离合杆3驱动前齿轮盘1向前移动前，先解除对应设置的栓锁9，使离合杆3恢复活动自由的状态，而在前齿轮盘1与传动盒4啮合时，通过栓锁9锁定离合杆3，使得前齿轮盘1与传动盒4能够稳定地传递动力。
本实施例还提供一种自行车，其设置有上述的自行车变速装置，其变速调整过程也采用的是上述实施例介绍的自行车变速装置的操作方法。因此，本实施提供的自行车具备上述自行车变速装置的各项优点(结构简单、造价低廉、经久耐用，不但能消除脱链、断链等现象，而且还能够使速比变化更加的灵活多样)，其具备较高的推广应用价值。
工业实用性
本发明提供的自行车变速装置及其操作方法和自行车，不但具备结构简单、造价低廉、经久耐用的优点，而且还能够有效消除脱链、断链等现象，并且使得自行车的速比变化更加的灵活多样，因此，本发明具有重要的推广应用价值和广阔的市场发展前景。

Claims (17)

  1. 自行车变速装置，其特征在于，所述自行车变速装置设有前齿轮盘和后齿轮盘，所述前齿轮盘的小齿轮与所述后齿轮盘的大齿轮相对应构成低速档，所述前齿轮盘的大齿轮与所述后齿轮盘的小齿轮相对应构成高速档；
    所述前齿轮盘和所述后齿轮盘的个数以及相对应的距离相等；
    通过操纵离合杆实现所述前齿轮盘向前移动并与传动盒分离，向后移动则啮合；
    所述前齿轮盘和所述后齿轮盘之间设有传动盒，所述传动盒内设有一组直线排列的小齿轮，所述小齿轮的个数为单数，所述传动盒内两端的所述小齿轮的终端露出所述传动盒外并与所述前齿轮盘和所述后齿轮盘相啮合；
    所述传动盒的中间外部套有一个固定于三角架边上的档位槽，所述传动盒的顶部穿过所述档位槽与换档杆活动连接，通过操纵所述离合杆、所述换档杆使所述传动盒在所述档位槽内前后左右任意移动到需要的档位。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于，所述前齿轮盘向前移动后与所述传动盒分离状态下的间隔距离为1.5-2.5cm。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于，所述前齿轮盘向前移动后与所述传动盒分离状态下的间隔距离为2cm。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于，所述前齿轮盘和所述后齿轮盘每个齿轮盘上对应设置的齿轮个数为多个，且一一对应。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于，所述前齿轮盘和所述后齿轮盘每个齿轮盘上对应设置有5个齿数不一的齿轮，并且所述前齿轮盘上对应设置的5个所述齿轮与所述后齿轮盘上对应设置的5个所述齿轮一一对应，且对应构成5个档位。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于，所述档位槽套设在所述传动盒上，且从里到外设置于所述5个档位相对应的档位条形槽。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于，所述自行车的所述三脚架的横梁上还设置有与所述换档杆和所述离合杆相匹配的控制板。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于，所述控制板上还设置用于控制所述离合杆锁紧状态的栓锁。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于，所述换档杆铰接在所述三角架的后斜梁上，从而使得所述换档杆沿长度方向依次包括上端的控制臂区段和下端从动臂区段，并且所述控制臂区段和所述从动臂区段运动的方向相反。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于，由所述控制臂区段和所述从动臂区段构成的所述换挡杆为一省力杠杆。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于，所述离合杆铰接在所述三角架的前斜梁上，从而通过铰接点将所述离合杆划分为主动离合操纵臂和从动离合操纵臂。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于，由所述主动离合操纵臂和所述从动离合操纵臂构成的所述离合杆为一费力杠杆。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的自行车变速装置，其特征在于，所述主动离合操纵臂与所述从动离合操纵臂不在同一轴线上。
  14. 一种自行车变速装置的操作方法，其特征在于，其具体包括：
    控制离合杆，使所述离合杆驱动前齿轮盘向前移动，从而实现所述前齿轮盘齿轮与传动盒齿轮的分离；
    控制换挡杆，使所述换挡杆能够驱动所述传动盒在档位槽内向前后左右任意方向移动；
    当移动所述传动盒在所述档位槽内的目标位置后，控制所述离合杆，使所述离合杆驱动所述前齿轮盘后移，进而使得所述前齿轮盘与所述传动盒啮合。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的自行车变速装置的操作方法，其特征在于，在进行控制所述离合杆，使所述离合杆驱动前齿轮盘向前移动前，所述离合杆是锁定状态的；对应地，在所述离合杆驱动前齿轮盘向前移动前，先解除对应设置的栓锁，使所述离合杆恢复活动自由的状态，而在所述前齿轮盘与所述传动盒啮合时，通过所述栓锁锁定所述离合杆，使得所述前齿轮盘与所述传动盒能够稳定地传递动力。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的自行车变速装置的操作方法，其特征在于，在使所述离合杆驱动所述前齿轮盘向前移动时，所述前齿轮盘的移动距离为2cm。
  17. 一种自行车，其特征在于，所述自行车设置有权利要求1-13任意一项所述的自行车变速装置。
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