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WO2018130311A1 - Procédé de détection de la présence d'un signal de synchronisation primaire à bande étroite - Google Patents

Procédé de détection de la présence d'un signal de synchronisation primaire à bande étroite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2018130311A1
WO2018130311A1 PCT/EP2017/050805 EP2017050805W WO2018130311A1 WO 2018130311 A1 WO2018130311 A1 WO 2018130311A1 EP 2017050805 W EP2017050805 W EP 2017050805W WO 2018130311 A1 WO2018130311 A1 WO 2018130311A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
signal
npss
correlation
cross
data
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2017/050805
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Michal Stala
Rakesh Gangarajaiah
Axel BERG
Kasper ORNSTEIN MECKLENBURG
Original Assignee
Mistbase Ab
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mistbase Ab filed Critical Mistbase Ab
Priority to PCT/EP2017/050805 priority Critical patent/WO2018130311A1/fr
Publication of WO2018130311A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018130311A1/fr

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J11/00Orthogonal multiplex systems, e.g. using WALSH codes
    • H04J11/0069Cell search, i.e. determining cell identity [cell-ID]
    • H04J11/0073Acquisition of primary synchronisation channel, e.g. detection of cell-ID within cell-ID group
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668Details of algorithms
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L27/00Modulated-carrier systems
    • H04L27/26Systems using multi-frequency codes
    • H04L27/2601Multicarrier modulation systems
    • H04L27/2647Arrangements specific to the receiver only
    • H04L27/2655Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04L27/2668Details of algorithms
    • H04L27/2673Details of algorithms characterised by synchronisation parameters
    • H04L27/2675Pilot or known symbols
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W48/00Access restriction; Network selection; Access point selection
    • H04W48/16Discovering, processing access restriction or access information
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/001Synchronization between nodes
    • H04W56/0015Synchronization between nodes one node acting as a reference for the others
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00Synchronisation arrangements
    • H04W56/0035Synchronisation arrangements detecting errors in frequency or phase

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the field of Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-loT), a 3GPP standard designed for low power and low bit rate devices. More particular, the disclosure relates to a band scan and cell search algorithm for identification of a Narrowband Primary Synchronization Signal (NPSS).
  • NB-loT Narrowband Internet of Things
  • NPSS Narrowband Primary Synchronization Signal
  • BACKGROUND NB-loT is the fifth-generation of mobile communication technologies standard developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project, 3GPP.
  • 3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project
  • One of the purposes is to improve the Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS) standard to cope with future requirements in terms of improved services such as higher data rates, improved efficiency, and lowered costs.
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
  • wireless devices or terminals also known as mobile stations and/or user equipment units (UEs) communicate via a radio access network (RAN) to one or more core networks.
  • RAN radio access network
  • a UE such as a wireless communication device
  • the first process in this attempt is to initiate a frequency band scan, time/frequency sync and later a cell search.
  • NPSS Narrowband Primary Synchronization Signal
  • the NPSS is used by the NB-loT UE to perform timing synchronization and to estimate the frequency offset.
  • the UE collects data within the frequency band looking for the NPSS, which has a known pattern. There are several known methods of detecting the NPSS.
  • the band scan is completed once all requested frequency bands have been scanned.
  • the frequency or frequencies where the NPSS is detected are added to a list with the frequency and the corresponding Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI) value.
  • RSSI Received Signal Strength Indication
  • the purpose of band scan and the cell search is to find frequencies to enable communication with a network.
  • Many of the NB-loT UEs are low powered with limited battery power supply and therefore it is essential that the search algorithm is efficient, precise and fast to not drain battery power from the UE.
  • Figure 1 shows 40ms of NB-loT data and the signal of interest, the NPSS.
  • the NPSS sequence is located in subframe 5 and its periodicity is 10ms.
  • the NB-loT data further comprises the signal Narrowband Physical Broadcast Channel (NPBCH), the Physical Downlink Shared Channel (PDSCH), and the Narrowband Secondary Synchronization Signal (NSSS-1) among others.
  • NNBCH Narrowband Physical Broadcast Channel
  • PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel
  • NSSS-1 Narrowband Secondary Synchronization Signal
  • the NPSS sequence is generated at each 3 rd OFDM symbol.
  • Figure 1 shows an example of in-band deployment, where NPSS occupy the last 11 OFDM symbols of subframe 5 and is punctured by Long Term Evolution Cell-Specific Reference signal (LTE CRS).
  • LTE CRS Long Term Evolution Cell-Specific Reference signal
  • the correlation with the NPSS sequence is one of the most computationally intensive parts of the cell search. This correlation needs to be performed over a periodicity of NPSS. The lowest complexity is exhibited by correlating after a certain number of accumulations instead of correlating after every 10 ms windows.
  • an object of the present invention is to provide methods and devices which seeks to mitigate, alleviate or eliminate one or more of the above- identified deficiencies in the art and disadvantages singly or in any combination and allows for a computationally cheap and efficient band scan and cell search algorithm for identification based on the NPSS.
  • the object is achieved by a method for scanning a frequency band to detect a NPSS. The method comprising receiving a signal within the frequency band, processing the received signal, accumulating the processed signal across a predetermined time period and detecting the presence of NPSS and determining the timing of the detected NPSS within the
  • the received signal is processed by performing partial autocorrelation of the signal by using a partial autocorrelation algorithm and performing cross-correlation of the partially auto-correlated data by using a cross-correlation algorithm and a cross-correlation mask, s(n).
  • the proposed method allows for a computationally cheap and efficient band scan and cell search algorithm for identification based on the NPSS.
  • the algorithms help the UE to synchronize to the base station in frequency and time, allowing the UE to connect and communicate with the network.
  • Many NB-loT UE is low powered with limited battery power supply and it is essential that the search algorithm is efficient, precise and fast to not drain battery power from the UE.
  • the processing comprises performing low-pass filtration of the received signal.
  • the low-pass filtration is provided for reducing the effect of wideband noise.
  • the processing comprises performing decimation of the received signal.
  • the decimation provides for reducing the buffer sizes, e.g. if decimation by 8 is applied to 1,92MHz data it becomes 240 kHz.
  • the decimation is performed in sequence with the filtration.
  • the predetermined time period is 10ms. This allows the signal to be accumulated multiple times over windows of 10 ms which is desirable to lower Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR).
  • the accumulating comprises saving the processed signal to a memory.
  • the disclosure proposes a computer program product comprising a computer readable medium, having thereon a computer program comprising program instructions, the computer program being loadable in a data-processing unit and configured to cause execution of the method described below and above.
  • the disclosure proposes a wireless communication device having means for performing each step of the method described below and above.
  • the device comprises a receiver configured to receive a signal within a frequency band and a processing unit.
  • the processing unit is configured to process the received signal by performing partial autocorrelation of the received signal by using a partial autocorrelation algorithm in a partial autocorrelation circuitry and performing cross-correlation of the partially autocorrelated signal by using a cross-correlation algorithm and a predetermined cross-correlation mask, s(n), in a cross-correlation circuitry.
  • the processing unit is configured to accumulate the processed signal over a predetermined time period in an accumulator and to detect a NPSS, and determine the timing of the detected NPSS within the accumulated signal in an analysing circuitry.
  • the processing unit is configured to process the signal by performing low-pass filtration of the received signal in a low-pass filter.
  • the processing unit is configured to process the signal by performing decimation of the received signal in a decimation circuitry.
  • the processing unit is configured to save the processed data to a memory when accumulating the processed signal.
  • Figure 1 shows 40ms of NB-loT signal
  • Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating embodiments of method steps
  • Figure 3 is a flowchart illustrating embodiments of method steps
  • Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating embodiments of method steps
  • Figure 5 is a flowchart illustrating embodiments of method steps
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart illustrating embodiments of method steps
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating embodiments of method steps
  • Figure 8a shows S(n), the cover code
  • Fig 9 shows the processed signal in the time domain;
  • Fig 10 shows detection probability;
  • Fig 11 shows mean T-statistic values;
  • Fig 12 shows detection probability;
  • Fig 13 illustrates an embodiment of a wireless communication device, UE.
  • Some of the example embodiments presented herein are directed to a method, computer program and a device for scanning a frequency band to detect a Narrowband Primary Synchronization Signal, NPSS.
  • NPSS Narrowband Primary Synchronization Signal
  • Figure 1 shows 40ms of NB-loT data and the signal of interest, the NPSS.
  • the NPSS is located in subframe 5 and its periodicity is 10 ms. This allows the signal to be accumulated multiple times over windows of 10ms which is desirable to lower the Signal to Noise Ratio, SNR.
  • These 11 x 11 values can be related to the NPSS in figure 1 where the subcarriers (frequency) are listed on the vertical axis and cover code pattern (time) on the horizontal axis.
  • the NPSS periodicity is 10ms and is developed to have good correlation properties. These properties are used in band scan to find the frequency and in cell search for time synchronization.
  • the detection of the NPSS can be performed in different ways and one way is to accumulate data over time periods or over windows of 10ms and then processes it.
  • Finding the correct frequency and timing is essential for performing a band scan and a cell search and eventually connecting to the network. This procedure should be as efficient as possible and consume minimal amount of time and energy.
  • the present invention is directed to an efficient band scan and cell search procedure for the 3GPP technology referred to as NB-loT.
  • the main advantage with the proposed method is that less data will need to be buffered before being analysed and the reason for this is that the data processing is streamed and the already processed data is saved to a memory, RAM. As soon as all the buffers have been filled with data, the processed data will be saved and accumulated over time periods or time windows of 10ms.
  • NPSS Narrowband Primary Synchronization Signal
  • the method comprises receiving a streamed or saved signal within the frequency band.
  • the signal is a Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-loT) signal.
  • NB-loT Narrowband Internet of Things
  • the method comprises processing the received signal by performing partial autocorrelation of the signal at step S13 by using a partial autocorrelation algorithm and by performing cross-correlation of the partially autocorrelated data at step S14 by using a cross- correlation algorithm and a cross-correlation mask, s(n).
  • the partial autocorrelation function is defined as
  • a(m) a ⁇ m - ⁇ )- Xl (m - l)* x 2 (m - l) + x 1 (m - l + N ⁇ )* x 2 (m - l + N sym )
  • the cross-correlation function is defined as , ⁇ + ⁇ 's.ym-1
  • the partial autocorrelation and/or the cross-correlation can be implemented as recursive algorithms.
  • An example of how the recursive implementation can be executed is shown in figure 7. Data flows through the system from "data in” to "data out”.
  • the boxes marked (i) are buffers and the boxes marked (ii) are arithmetic's.
  • the pattern, s(n), is used as the cross-correlation mask and the reason why it works is because it undergoes a similar process as the partially autocorrelated data from formula 3 does. It is due to this that the cross-correlation mask and the autocorrelated data will give a high output when they match well in the cross-correlation.
  • the step of processing comprises performing low-pass filtration of the received signal for reducing the effect of wideband noise.
  • processing comprises performing decimation, as shown in figure 3 at step S12, of the received signal.
  • decimation is performed in sequence with the filtration. Decimation is used to reduce the buffer sizes, e.g. if decimation by 8 is applied to 1,92MHz data it becomes 240 kHz.
  • the decimation step can also be performed after the cross-correlation or not at all, and then the method becomes slightly more robust at low SNR.
  • the method comprises accumulating the processed signal across a predetermined time period. In one embodiment, accumulating comprises saving, at step S21 of the processed signal to a memory. In one embodiment, the predetermined time period is 10ms and all multiples of 10 ms, due to the periodicity of the NPSS.
  • the method comprises detecting the presence of a NPSS and at step S31, as shown in figure 4, determining the timing of the detected NPSS within the accumulated signal.
  • a T- statistic value will be calculated.
  • the ratio of the top peak, tpl, and the second top peak, tp2 will give an impression of how well the cross-correlation matched the partially auto correlated data.
  • Step 32 Frequency - The processed and accumulated data is analysed to check if there is a NPSS signal or not in the collected data. It is performed in the three following steps (321, 322 and 323):
  • T-statistic values Once data has been collected within the band scanned and all the T-statistic values have been calculated they are analysed. A value is only considered to contain the NPSS if it is above a certain threshold. This threshold is calculated using the false alarm probability P 0 which is set to a certain value, e.g. 1% or 0,1%.
  • step S31 Timing - Once a signal is found in the data set it needs to be determined where it is in time so that the UE can synchronize with the base station. This is done in three steps as follows: At sub step S311 - Find peaks and calculate T-statistic value. The same procedure as at sub step 321 is performed.
  • step S313 Determine coarse timing. If the T-statistic value is above the threshold the time (x-value) of the peak is noted. The time gives us where the NPSS is located in the measured data and since the NPSS is known to be in sub frame 5 the timing can be estimated. In the example data in figure 9 the peak's x-value is at around 3ms which is approximate 2ms away from sub frame 5 giving us the coarse timing estimation.
  • the number of operations per sample will be the same whether the data is decimated or not.
  • the buffer sizes can be reduced if decimation is applied. Below follows an example for how large buffer sizes are at 240 kHz and a time estimate of how long it takes for the buffers to fill.
  • the data processing algorithm requires only 100 operations (46 multiplications and 54 additions/subtractions) per sample giving 24 MOPs from the abovementioned example.
  • the algorithm becomes very robust to noise which can be seen in figure 10 along with the corresponding mean T-statistic values in figure 11.
  • the different curves represent different amount of accumulations. The more accumulations, the higher probability to find a NPSS at lower SNR.
  • Figure 10 illustrates the probability of detection for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 accumulations at different SNR and at 240 kHz.
  • the false alarm probability Pfa is set to 1%.
  • Figure 11 illustrates the mean T-statistic value for 1, 2, 4, 8, 16 and 32 accumulations at different SNR.
  • FIG 12 illustrates the probability of detection at 1,92MHz and 240 kHz sampling rate. The false alarm probability P fa is set to 1%.
  • Figure 13 illustrates an example of a wireless communication device 100 which may incorporate some of the example embodiments discussed above.
  • the wireless communication device 100 comprises a processing unit 120 configured to process the received signal.
  • the processing unit comprises a partial autocorrelation circuitry 122 configured to perform partial autocorrelation of the received signal by using a partial autocorrelation algorithm.
  • the processing unit comprises a cross-correlation circuitry 123 configured to perform cross-correlation of the partially auto correlated signal by using a cross- correlation algorithm and a predetermined cross-correlation mask, s(n).
  • the device comprises an accumulator 130 configured to accumulate the processed signal over a predetermined time period.
  • the device comprises an analysing circuitry 140 configured to detect a Narrowband Primary Synchronization Signal, NPSS, and to determining the timing of the detected NPSS within the accumulated signal.
  • NPSS Narrowband Primary Synchronization Signal
  • the processing unit 120 comprises a low-pass filter 121 configured to perform low-pass filtration of the received signal.
  • the processing unit 120 comprises a decimation circuitry 124 configured to perform decimation of the received signal.
  • the processing unit 120 is configured to save the processed data to a memory 150 when accumulating the processed signal.
  • a memory 150 when accumulating the processed signal.
  • Such computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special purpose computer and/or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer and/or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions/acts specified in the block diagrams and/or flowchart block or blocks.
  • a computer program product comprises a computer readable medium, having thereon a computer program comprising program instructions, the computer program being loadable in a data-processing unit and configured to cause execution of the method described above when the computer program is run by the data-processing unit.
  • the functions or steps noted in the blocks can occur out of the order noted in the operational illustrations.
  • two blocks shown in succession can in fact be executed substantially concurrently or the blocks can sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
  • the functions or steps noted in the blocks can according to some aspects of the disclosure be executed continuously in a loop.
  • a “wireless communication device” as the term may be used herein, is to be broadly interpreted to include a radiotelephone having ability for Internet/intranet access, web browser, organizer, calendar, a camera (e.g., video and/or still image camera), a sound recorder (e.g., a microphone), and/or global positioning system (GPS) receiver; a personal communications system (PCS) user equipment that may combine a cellular radiotelephone with data processing; a personal digital assistant (PDA) that can include a radiotelephone or wireless communication system, a laptop, a camera (e.g., video and/or still image camera) having communication ability and any other computation or communication device capable of transceiving, such as a personal computer, a home entertainment system, a television, etc.
  • a device may be interpreted as any number of antennas or antenna elements.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Databases & Information Systems (AREA)
  • Synchronisation In Digital Transmission Systems (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de balayage d'une bande de fréquences pour détecter un signal de synchronisation primaire à bande étroite, NPSS. Le procédé consiste à : recevoir un signal; traiter le signal reçu, en exécutant une auto-corrélation partielle du signal puis une inter-corrélation des données partiellement auto-corrélées à l'aide d'un masque d'inter-corrélation; cumuler le signal ainsi traité, détecter la présence d'un NPSS, et déterminer la durée et la fréquence du NPSS détecté dans le signal cumulé.
PCT/EP2017/050805 2017-01-16 2017-01-16 Procédé de détection de la présence d'un signal de synchronisation primaire à bande étroite WO2018130311A1 (fr)

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CN112039816A (zh) * 2020-07-31 2020-12-04 中国电子科技集团公司第七研究所 一种窄带物联网系统下行同步方法
CN113572549A (zh) * 2021-07-05 2021-10-29 广州粒子微电子有限公司 窄带物联网信噪比估计的方法、装置及存储介质
US20220167251A1 (en) * 2020-11-20 2022-05-26 Qualcomm Incorporated Batch-wise frequency scanning
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CN115833979A (zh) * 2021-09-17 2023-03-21 哲库科技(北京)有限公司 频谱检测的方法、装置、芯片及移动台
EP4213437A1 (fr) * 2022-01-14 2023-07-19 Samsung Display Co., Ltd. Système de récupération d'horloge et de données et son procédé de fonctionnement

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US10512048B2 (en) * 2017-07-24 2019-12-17 Ceva D.S.P Ltd. System and method for radio cell synchronization
US12016058B2 (en) * 2019-12-04 2024-06-18 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Sequence detection method and device
US20220312503A1 (en) * 2019-12-04 2022-09-29 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Sequence detection method and device
CN111130683B (zh) * 2019-12-26 2021-09-14 江苏科大亨芯半导体技术有限公司 窄带物联网同频邻小区搜索方法
CN111130683A (zh) * 2019-12-26 2020-05-08 江苏科大亨芯半导体技术有限公司 窄带物联网同频邻小区搜索方法及搜索系统
CN112039816A (zh) * 2020-07-31 2020-12-04 中国电子科技集团公司第七研究所 一种窄带物联网系统下行同步方法
US20220167251A1 (en) * 2020-11-20 2022-05-26 Qualcomm Incorporated Batch-wise frequency scanning
US11751126B2 (en) * 2020-11-20 2023-09-05 Qualcomm Incorporated Batch-wise frequency scanning
CN113572549A (zh) * 2021-07-05 2021-10-29 广州粒子微电子有限公司 窄带物联网信噪比估计的方法、装置及存储介质
CN113572549B (zh) * 2021-07-05 2023-04-11 广州粒子微电子有限公司 窄带物联网信噪比估计的方法、装置及存储介质
CN115833979A (zh) * 2021-09-17 2023-03-21 哲库科技(北京)有限公司 频谱检测的方法、装置、芯片及移动台
EP4213437A1 (fr) * 2022-01-14 2023-07-19 Samsung Display Co., Ltd. Système de récupération d'horloge et de données et son procédé de fonctionnement
US11855648B2 (en) 2022-01-14 2023-12-26 Samsung Display Co., Ltd. Clock pattern detection and correction

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