WO2024219995A1 - Device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation (embodiments) - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention consists in combining a source of ultraviolet radiation with an electric field source in the form of a part made of an electret or a capacitor plate with a small surface area. Under the effect of the electric field, bacteria and viruses in the air will be attracted by electrostatic induction to the electric field source, which is arranged in the vicinity of the source of ultraviolet radiation, where the flux density of the energy emitted will be greater than in other regions of the irradiated space. Thus, less energy will be required to destroy the same number of bacteria and viruses by comparison with the prior art, where bacteria and viruses are evenly spread throughout the entire volume of irradiated air. An optical focusing system may be included to increase the flux density of the ultraviolet radiation in the vicinity of the electric field source.

Description

DEVICE FOR AIR IRRADIATION WITH ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION (OPTIONS)

Field of technology.

The invention relates to the field of air disinfection, to devices for the destruction of bacteria and viruses contained in the air, by means of exposure to electromagnetic radiation of the ultraviolet range. The term ultraviolet radiation is understood as electromagnetic radiation of the ultraviolet range.

Prior art

There are many devices for air disinfection using ultraviolet radiation [1,2,3]. Prototype [4]. There are many face coverings in the form of protective face masks, combined with ultraviolet radiation sources, for disinfecting inhaled air by exposing inhaled air to ultraviolet radiation [5,6,7]. Prototype [8].

Disclosure of the essence of the invention.

The essence of the invention is that the ultraviolet radiation source is combined with an electric field source in the form of an electret part or a small-area capacitor plate. Bacteria and viruses in the air, under the influence of an electric field, as a result of the phenomenon electrostatic induction, will be attracted to the source of the electric field located near the source of ultraviolet radiation, where the flux density of the emitted energy will be higher than in other areas of the irradiated space. Accordingly, to destroy the same number of bacteria and viruses, less energy will be required, compared to analogs where bacteria and viruses are evenly distributed throughout the volume of irradiated air. It is possible to have an optical focusing system to increase the flux density of ultraviolet radiation near the source of the electric field.

Brief description of the drawings

In Fig. 1, an embodiment of a device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - variant 1. This drawing shows a fragment of the device - variant 1, without an optical focusing system, explaining the operating principle of the device. The source of ultraviolet radiation 1, in the form of a light-emitting diode 2, is connected to the power supply 3, by means of wires 4.5. In the upper part of the light-emitting diode 2, there is a source of electric field 6. The source of electric field 6 is made in the form of a separate part 7 made of electret [9.10] - a permanently electrified dielectric. In the drawing, the presence of an electric charge is shown by pluses and minuses. In all other drawings, where parts made of electret are shown, the presence of an electric charge on the parts made of electret is implied. The source of electric field 6 creates an electric field around itself and attracts bacteria and viruses in the air to the source of ultraviolet radiation 1 combined with it, in the form of a light-emitting diode 2. In this embodiment, the source of electric field 6 is combined with a source of ultraviolet radiation, in the form of a light-emitting diode 2. The source of electric field 6 in the form of part 7 is attached to the upper part of the light-emitting diode 2. The electret may be part of the light-emitting diode housing as a component of a composite material from which the light-emitting diode housing may be made. The light-emitting diode housing may be completely made of electret, and may also contain electret in the form of individual parts 8, inside the housing of the light-emitting diode 2, fused into the housing material. The power supply 3 may contain a driver for powering the light-emitting diode 2. The device may have supports 9 for installation on a surface, or may be implemented without supports 9. The source of ultraviolet radiation 1, in the form of a light-emitting diode 2, emits ultraviolet radiation, and the source of electric field 6 in the form of part 7 attached to the upper part of the light-emitting diode 2 attracts bacteria and viruses in the air present in the irradiated air to the region of space with the highest density of the ultraviolet radiation flux 1. The air moves naturally, by means of convection or Brownian motion of air molecules.

Fig. 2 shows a variant of the device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - variant 1. The device is located on a plate 10, equipped with a device for moving air in space, in the form of a fan 11 consisting of an electric motor 12 and a propeller 13. Power voltage is supplied to the electric motor 12 from a power supply unit 14 via wires 4.5. After switching on, the fan moves the air irradiated by the source 1 in space. This drawing shows a fragment of the device - variant 1, without an optical focusing system, explaining the operating principle of the device.

Fig. 3 shows a variant of the implementation of the device for air irradiation. ultraviolet radiation - option 1, with several sources of ultraviolet radiation, equipped with radiation concentrators. On the plate 10, equipped with supports 9, on the stand 15 there is a source of electric field 6 in the form of a ball 16 made of electret, creating an electric field in the space surrounding the ball 16. The ball 16 carries an electric charge. On the plate 10 there is a device for moving air in space, in the form of a fan 11. On the left side, a vertical stand 17 is attached to the plate 10, at the top of the stand 17 there is a crossbar 18. To the lower side of the crossbar 18 on holders 19, ultraviolet radiation sources are attached, equipped with ultraviolet radiation concentrators 20. The ultraviolet radiation sources 1, in the form of light-emitting diodes 2, are attached to the lower surface of the crossbar 18 on holders 19 and connected to the power supply 3, located on the upper surface of the crossbar 18, by means of wires 4.5. For greater fixation, the wires 4.5 can be attached to the holders 19 by means of glue. The ultraviolet radiation sources 1, in the form of light-emitting diodes 2, are equipped with ultraviolet radiation concentrators 20, in the form of optical focusing systems. This embodiment contains two optical focusing systems, in the form of elliptical reflectors 21. In one focus of the elliptical reflector there is an ultraviolet radiation source 1, in the form of a light-emitting diode 2, and the other focus of the elliptical reflector 21 is on the surface or above the surface or under the surface of the electric field source 6 in the form of a ball 16, creating a light spot or point on the surface of the ball. The location of the focus on the surface of the ball 16 or near it makes it possible to create an increased density of the electromagnetic flux near the ball. ultraviolet radiation, compared to other areas of space. The device on supports 9 is located on surface 22, which is the floor of the room.

Fig. 4 shows a variant of the implementation of a device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - variant 1. The device stands on supports 9, on a surface 22. The device contains a concentrator of ultraviolet radiation 20, in the form of an optical focusing system in the form of a reflective inner surface of a hollow ellipsoid 23. The inner surface of the ellipsoid 23 has a coating that reflects ultraviolet radiation. Electric motor 12 equipped with propeller 13, fixed on the left side of ellipsoid 23, inside pipe 24, attached to the inner surface of pipe 24 on holders 25. Electric motor 12 equipped with propeller 13, when power supply voltage is supplied to it from power supply 14, fixed on left support 9, through wires 4,5 will move by means of rotation of propeller 13 - draw air from ellipsoid 23 and simultaneously draw air flow 26 through pipe 27, located on the right side of ellipsoid 23. In the right focus 28 of ellipsoid 23, there is ultraviolet radiation source 1, in the form of light-emitting diode 2, on stand 29, attached to the inner surface of ellipsoid 23. Radiation from light-emitting diode 2, by optical focusing system in the form of reflective inner surface of ellipsoid 23, is focused in the left focus 30 ellipsoid 23, in which the source of electric field 6 is located, in this embodiment, an electret ball 31, carrying an electric charge, on a support 32, attached to the inner surface of the ellipsoid 23. Bacteria and viruses contained in the air flow 26, drawn into the ellipsoid 23 through the pipe 27, will be attracted to the source of electric field 6, located in the focus of the optical focusing system, where the density of the ultraviolet radiation flux will be higher than in other areas of space inside the ellipsoid 23. The air flow 33 exiting the ellipsoid 23, through the pipe 24, will be disinfected by means of ultraviolet radiation.

Fig. 5 shows a variant of the implementation of a device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - variant 1, where a focusing system in the form of a hollow sphere 34 is used as a concentrator of ultraviolet radiation 20. The inner surface of the sphere 34 is covered with a substance that reflects ultraviolet radiation. Electric motor 12 equipped with propeller 13, is fixed on the left side of hollow sphere 34, inside pipe 24, on holders 25. Electric motor 12 equipped with propeller 13, when power supply voltage is supplied to it from power supply unit 14, moves and draws air from sphere 34 via wires 4.5 and simultaneously draws air flow 26 through pipe 27, located on the right side of sphere 34. In the center of sphere 34 there is ultraviolet radiation source 1, in the form of light-emitting diode 2, on support 29, attached to the inner surface of sphere 34. Radiation from light-emitting diode 2, by optical focusing system in the form of inner surface of sphere 34, is focused in the center of sphere, in which source of electric field 6 is located in this embodiment of part 7 made of electret and located in the upper part of light-emitting diode 2. Bacteria and viruses contained in air flow 26, drawn into sphere 34 through tube 27, will be attracted to the source of the electric field 6, located at or near the focus of the optical focusing system, where the flux density of ultraviolet radiation will be higher than in the rest of the sphere. The focus of the optical focusing system in the form of a sphere is located in the center of the sphere. The air flow 33 coming out of the sphere 34, through the pipe 24, will be disinfected by ultraviolet radiation. In this embodiment, the source of the electric field is combined with the source of ultraviolet radiation.

In Fig. 6, an embodiment of a device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - embodiment 2, where an optical focusing system in the form of a pipe 35 of elliptical or circular cross-section is used as an ultraviolet radiation concentrator 20, contains an electric cylindrical capacitor with two plates of different areas. In this embodiment, the source of the electric field, providing attraction of bacteria and viruses to the area of increased density of the ultraviolet radiation flux, near the source of ultraviolet radiation will be the plate of the small-area electric capacitor.

The inner surface of the pipe 35 is coated with a substance reflecting ultraviolet radiation, has electrical conductivity and is the outer lining of the cylindrical capacitor. The electric motor 12 equipped with a propeller 13 is fixed on the left side inside the pipe 35, on the holders 25. The electric motor 12 equipped with a propeller 13, when supplied with supply voltage from the power supply unit 14, moves and draws air from the pipe 35 via wires 4.5 and simultaneously draws in a flow of air 26 through the right end of the pipe 35. A source of an electric field and a source of ultraviolet radiation are located inside the pipe. In this embodiment, the source of the electric field inside the pipe 35, located near the focus of the optical system, is the inner lining of the cylindrical capacitor, placed at the focus of the pipe having an elliptical cross-section or near the center of the pipe, if the pipe has a circular cross-section. In this drawing the ultraviolet radiation source and the electric field source are not visible, since they are located inside the pipe 35. The power supply 36, attached to the support 9, supplies the supply voltage via wires 37,38 to the tubular gas-discharge quartz lamp, or to the LED strip, located in the pipe 35. The power supply 39, attached to the support 9, supplies the supply voltage via wire 40 to the electric field source in the form of a plate of a small-area cylindrical capacitor located at the focus of an elliptical reflector, if the pipe has a cross-section in the form of an ellipse, or near the center of a circle, if the pipe has a circular cross-section. Via wire 41, the supply voltage is supplied to the plate of a large-area cylindrical capacitor combined with the inner surface of the pipe 35 and which is the outer cylindrical plate of the capacitor and combined with the focusing system.

Fig. 7 shows an embodiment of a device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - option 2. A variant of the internal structure of pipe 35 of the embodiment in Fig. 6 is shown, with a pipe 35 of a circular cross-section. In the center of pipe 35 there is a source of ultraviolet radiation 1, in this embodiment it is a tubular gas-discharge quartz lamp 42. It is also possible to implement the source of ultraviolet radiation in the form of an LED strip. Lamp 42 is fixed inside pipe 35, by means of spacers 43, which, being attached at one end to rings 44, put on lamp 42, rest at the other end against the inner surface of pipe 35, holding lamp 42 in the center of pipe 35. The supply voltage to lamp 42 is supplied from power source 36 via wires 37, 38. From power supply 39 the supply voltage is supplied to small-area electrode 45, which is the inner lining of a cylindrical capacitor, in in this embodiment - in the form of a metal thread fixed along the entire length on the outer side of the lamp 42, or an electrode 45, made in the form of a metal thread, is fused into the wall of the lamp 42. The supply voltage is supplied to the electrode 45 via a wire 40, and to the electrode of the large-area cylindrical capacitor 46, which is the outer lining of the cylindrical capacitor, combined with the inner wall of the pipe 35, combined with the optical focusing system, via a wire 41. When supply voltage is supplied to the electric motor 12, the lamp 42 and the linings of the capacitor 45, 46, the air passing through the pipe will be irradiated and disinfected. It is possible to implement the device shown in the drawing without an optical focusing system. The lining of the large-area cylindrical capacitor does not have the properties of reflecting ultraviolet radiation. Accordingly, bacteria and viruses will be attracted to the capacitor plate of a small area, threaded through rings 44 or fused into the wall of the lamp 42. In this embodiment, the source of the electric field is combined with the source of ultraviolet radiation. The device in Fig. 7 can be implemented both with a focusing system and without a focusing system.

Fig. 8 shows an embodiment of a device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - variant 2. In this embodiment, the internal structure of the pipe 35, the embodiment in Fig. 6, is implemented with a pipe 35 of elliptical cross-section. In the upper focus 47 of the pipe 35 there is a source of ultraviolet radiation 1, in this embodiment it is a LED strip 48 placed in a protective pipe 49 made of a material that transmits ultraviolet radiation. The protective pipe 49 with located inside the LED strip 48, is fixed inside the pipe 35, by means of spacers 43, which, being attached at one end to rings 44, put on the pipe 49, at the other end rest against the inner surface of the pipe 35, holding the protective pipe 49 in the focus 47 of the pipe 35. The supply voltage to the LED strip 48 is supplied from the power source 36 via wires 37,38. In the lower focus 50 of the pipe 35 of elliptical cross-section there is a small-area electrode 45, which is the inner lining of the cylindrical capacitor, which is also fixed in the pipe 35, with the help of spacers 43 and rings 44, put on the electrode 45. From the power supply 39 the supply voltage is supplied to the electrode 45 via the wire 40, and to the large-area electrode 46, which is the outer lining of the cylindrical capacitor combined with the inner wall of the pipe 35 and combined with the focusing system, via the wire 41. It is possible to implement with the LED strip 48 without the protective pipe 49, that is, the LED strip 48 is placed in the focus 47 on the spacers 43 without the protective pipe 49.

Fig. 9 shows an embodiment of the internal structure of the pipe of the embodiment in Fig. 7, with a pipe 35 of circular cross-section - end view. In the center of the pipe 35 is a source of ultraviolet radiation 1, in this embodiment it is a tubular gas-discharge quartz lamp 42. The lamp 42 is fixed inside the pipe 35 by means of spacers 43, which, being attached at one end to rings 44, put on the lamp 42, rest at the other end against the inner surface of the pipe 35, holding the lamp 42 in the center of the pipe 35. The supply voltage to the lamp 42 is supplied from the power source 36 via wires 37, 38. The power supply unit is not indicated in this drawing. The drawing shows wire 38. From the power supply unit 39 supply voltage is supplied to the electrode of the small-area cylindrical capacitor 45, fixed along the entire length on the outer side of the lamp 42, and passed under the rings 44, or the electrode 45 is fused into the wall of the lamp 42. The supply voltage is supplied to the electrode 45 via the wire 40, and to the electrode of the large-area cylindrical capacitor 46 combined with the inner wall of the pipe 35, and combined with the focusing system, via the wire 41. In this embodiment, there are three spacers 43, but it is possible to use four or more. In this drawing, the electrode 46 is not visible, it is applied to the inner surface of the pipe 35. Spacers 43 and rings 44 can be made of plastic.

Fig. 10 shows an embodiment of the internal structure of the pipe 35 of the embodiment in Fig. 8, with the pipe 35 of elliptical cross-section - end view. In the upper focus 47 of the pipe 35 there is ultraviolet radiation 1 in the form of a LED strip 48 placed in a protective pipe 49 made of a material that transmits ultraviolet radiation. The protective pipe 49 with the LED strip 48 located inside is reinforced inside the pipe 35 by means of spacers 43, which, being attached at one end to rings 44 placed on the pipe 49, rest at the other end against the inner surface of the pipe 35, holding the protective pipe 49 in the upper focus 47 of the pipe 35. The supply voltage to the LED strip 48 is supplied from the power source 36 via wires 37, 38. The drawing shows a wire 38. In the lower focus 50 of the pipe 35 of elliptical cross-section there is a small-area electrode 45, which is the inner lining of a cylindrical capacitor, which is also fixed in the pipe 35, with the help of spacers 43 and rings 44, placed on the electrode 45. Spacers 43 are also located between the rings 44 placed on the protective pipe 49 and electrode 45. From power supply 39, supply voltage is supplied to electrode 45 via wire 40, and to the outer plate of the cylindrical capacitor, which is electrode 46, combined with the inner wall of pipe 35, combined with an optical focusing system, via wire 41. Power supply 39 is not shown in the drawing. It is possible to implement with LED strip 48 without protective pipe 49.

In Fig. 11, an embodiment of the device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - embodiment 2, combined with a patch 51 in the form of a protective mask covering the respiratory organs - mouth and nose, pressed to the face 52 of the user 53. A pipe 54 is attached to the patch 51, inside which there is a cavity 55 connecting the space between the patch 51 and the face 52 of the user 53, with the external environment. The pipe 54 with the cavity 55 are combined with the device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation. In this embodiment, the device contains a radiation concentrator in the form of an optical focusing system in the form of an inner surface of a pipe 54 of a round or elliptical cross-section and an electric field source, embodiments of which are shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8. In Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8. The pipe 35 is an analogue of the pipe 54, that is, the inner surface of the wall of the pipe 54 is fully or partially combined with an optical focusing system, which in turn is the outer lining of the cylindrical capacitor. That is, it occupies the entire internal cavity of the pipe 54 or part of it. When voltage is applied to a source of ultraviolet radiation, for example, in the form of an LED strip located in cavity 55, pipe 54 and to a source of an electric field in the form of an external and internal lining of a cylindrical capacitor in the form of a metal thread located inside the pipe 54, the air located in the cavity 55 will be exposed to ultraviolet radiation. The air can freely move between the space under the mask and the external environment through the cavity 55, pipe 54 when the user 53 inhales and exhales air. Passing through the cavity 55 when the user inhales, the air will be exposed to radiation and enter the space between the mask and the user's face disinfected. The protective mask can have a device for pressing against the face in the form of straps 56, an embodiment without a device for pressing the mask to the face is also possible, in this case the mask will be fixed to the face by pressing with the hand. Unlike the embodiments shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, the air flow through the cavity 55 in the pipe 54 is moved not by a fan but by means of the movement of the respiratory muscles of the user 53, creating a vacuum during inhalation and excess pressure during exhalation in the space between the mask put on the user's face and the surface of the user's face. The supply voltage will be supplied to the cavity 55 of the pipe 54 from the power source 36 via wires 37,38 to the ultraviolet radiation source, for example, in the form of an LED strip, and from the power source 39 via wire 40 to the inner lining of the cylindrical capacitor in the form of a metal thread, and via wire 41, to the outer lining of the cylindrical capacitor - a large-area electrode 46, combined with an optical focusing system located in the cavity of the channel 55 of the pipe 54. Power sources 36,39 are attached to strap 56. An embodiment with power supply from any external power source is possible, for example, from a battery of a mobile device or a network power supply. Wires supplying power to the source of electromagnetic radiation ultraviolet range and to the condenser located in cavity 55 can be fed into cavity 55 through openings 57 in pipe 54 or through the lower end of pipe 54.

In Fig. 12 the previous embodiment is a front view of the face. In this embodiment, the connection between the power sources and the ultraviolet radiation sources and the electric field source located in the cavity 55 of the pipe 54 is carried out by conductors passing inside the strap 56 and the pad 51 and are not visible in the drawing. The power sources 36,39 attached to the strap 56 are located behind the circumference of the head and are not visible in the drawing.

In Fig. 13, an embodiment of a device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - embodiment 2, in which a pad 51 covering the respiratory organs, mouth and nose, is pressed against the face 52 of the user 53, contains a cavity 55 in a tube 54 attached to the pad 51 and an optical focusing system located inside the space between the face 52 of the user 53 and the pad 51. The optical focusing system in this embodiment is represented by a spherical focusing system in the form of a hollow sphere 34, similar to the focusing system shown in Fig. 5. In the center of the sphere 34, there is an ultraviolet radiation source 1 in the form of a light-emitting diode 2 attached to the inner surface of the sphere 34 on a stand 29. A metal ball 58 is attached to the light-emitting diode 2, which is the inner lining of a spherical capacitor. The outer lining of the spherical capacitor is the electrically conductive reflective inner surface 59 of the sphere 34. The inner surface 59 of the sphere 34 is coated with a substance reflecting ultraviolet radiation. In this embodiment, the mask is made in the form of an overlay containing two focusing systems, one is located inside the space between the face 52 of the user 53 and the pad 51 and is aligned with the inner surface 59 of the hollow sphere 34, which in turn is the outer lining of the spherical capacitor, and the other focusing system is aligned with the cavity 55 of the pipe 54. The inner surface of the wall 54 of the pipe is aligned with the focusing system similar to the embodiments in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, and the cavity 55 contains a source of ultraviolet radiation, for example, in the form of an LED strip located in the cavity 55, and an inner lining of a cylindrical capacitor in the form of a metal thread located in the cavity 55 of the pipe 54. The outer lining of the capacitor in the cavity 55 is aligned with the inner surface of the walls of the pipe 54 and is aligned with the optical focusing system. The protective mask may have a device for pressing against the face in the form of straps 56. The supply voltage will be supplied to the cavity 55 of the pipe 54 from the power source 36 via wires 37,38 to the ultraviolet radiation source, for example, in the form of an LED strip, into the holes 57 of the pipe 54. From the source 36 via wires 4,5 to the LED 2. From the power source 39 via wire 41 to the outer lining of the spherical capacitor in the form of a reflective inner surface 59 of the sphere 34, and to the inner surface of the walls of the pipe 54, and via wire 40, to the inner lining of the cylindrical capacitor combined with an optical focusing system located in the cavity 55 of the pipe 54 and to the inner lining of the spherical capacitor in the form of a ball 58. Wires 40,41 have branches for supplying voltage to the capacitors in the pipe 54 and the hollow sphere 34. The power sources are attached 36,39 are attached to strap 56. Wires supplying power to the ultraviolet radiation source and to the capacitor located in the cavity 55 can be fed into the cavity 55 through the openings 57 in the pipe 54 or through the upper end of the pipe 54, into the hollow sphere 34 also through the openings 57. To prevent the user's face from being irradiated by the radiation of the LED 2, it is possible to have a protective screen 60 attached to the stand 29, which is impermeable to ultraviolet radiation.

In Fig. 14, an embodiment of a device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - embodiment 1, in which the pad 51 covering the respiratory organs, mouth and nose, is pressed against the face 52 of the user 53, contains an optical focusing system located inside the space between the face 52 of the user 53 and the pad 51. The optical focusing system in this embodiment is represented by an elliptical focusing system in the form of a hollow ellipsoid 23, similar to the focusing system shown in Fig. 4. The inner surface of the hollow ellipsoid 23 is covered with a reflective coating. At the upper focus 61 there is a source of electric field 6, in this embodiment an electret ball 31, on a support 32 attached to the inner surface of the ellipsoid 23. At the lower focus 62 of the ellipsoid 23 there is a source of ultraviolet radiation 1 in the form of a light-emitting diode 2 attached to the inner surface of the ellipsoid 23 on a stand 29. The radiation from the light-emitting diode 2 is focused by an optical focusing system in the form of the inner reflective surface of the ellipsoid 23 in the upper focus 61 of the ellipsoid 23, in which the source of electric field 6 is located, in this embodiment an electret ball 31, on a support 32 attached to the inner surface of the ellipsoid 23. In the lower part of the ellipsoid 23 there is an opening 63 through which air can move freely between the space under the mask and external environment, when the user 53 inhales and exhales air. The power supply 3 in this version, secured to the strap 56, supplies the supply voltage via wires 4.5 to the LED 2, located inside the ellipsoid 23 through openings 57 in the shell of the ellipsoid 23.

In Fig. 15, an embodiment of the device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - embodiment 2, in the form of a pad 51 covering the respiratory organs, the mouth, and the visual organs of the user 53, pressed to the face 52 of the user 53. In this embodiment, the pad is a full-face mask 64, similar to [11]. Pad 51 in the form of a full-face mask 64 contains a lens 65 inserted into a sealing rim 66, similar to [I], pressed to the face of the user 53, by means of straps 56. A hollow pipe 54 is inserted into the opening in the lens 65, inside which there is a cavity 55 connecting the space under the pad 51 with the external environment. Pipe 54 is combined with a device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation and a source of an electric field. In this embodiment, the device contains a radiation concentrator in the form of a focusing optical system in the form of a pipe 35 of a circular or elliptical cross-section, embodiments of which are shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8. Unlike the embodiments in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, this embodiment does not have a device for moving air. The inner wall of the pipe 54 is fully or partially combined with an optical focusing system, which in turn is the outer lining of the cylindrical capacitor. When voltage is applied to the source of electromagnetic radiation of the ultraviolet range located in the cavity 55, the supply voltage to the linings of the cylindrical capacitor, the air located in the cavity 55 will be be exposed to ultraviolet radiation. Air can move freely between the space under the mask and the external environment through the cavity 55, when the user 53 inhales and exhales air. Passing through the cavity 55 when the user inhales, the air will be exposed to radiation and enter the space between the mask and the user's face disinfected. The protective mask can have a device for pressing against the face in the form of straps 56, an embodiment without a device for pressing the mask to the face is also possible, in this case the mask will be fixed to the face by pressing with a hand. Unlike the embodiments shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, the air flow through the cavity 55 in the pipe 54 is moved not by a fan but by the movement of the respiratory muscles of the user 53, creating a vacuum during inhalation and excess pressure during exhalation in the space between the mask put on the user's face and the surface of the user's face. The tube 54 can be attached to the opening in the lens 65 in any known manner, for example, by being fused into the material of the lens 65.

In this embodiment, the tube 54 is attached to the lens 65 by means of a screw connection. The tube 54 is inserted into the hole in the lens 65, with an ultraviolet radiation source and an electric field source located inside, similar to the embodiment in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8. A thread is applied to the lower part of the tube 54, onto which two nuts with sealing washers are put on and ensure the fixation of the tube 54 on the lens 65 and the sealing of the hole in the lens 65. The drawing shows a washer 67 and a nut 68 as part of the connection of the tube 54 with the lens 65. In the drawing, the hole in the lens is not visible; it is closed by the tube 54, washer 67 and nut 68. The tube 54, sources power supply 36, 39 and power supply wires 37,38,40,41 can be combined with the rim 66, that is, located inside the rim 66. Power supply wires 37,38,40,41 from power sources 36,39, secured to straps 56, enter the pipe 54 through openings 57 in the pipe 54.

In Fig. 16, an embodiment of a device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - embodiment 2, for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation installed on the previous embodiment of a protective mask made in a full-face version. The pipe 54, in this embodiment, has a curved shape, and a thread 69 is applied to the lower part of the pipe 54. The pipe 54 is fixed on the lens of the full-face mask by placing the plane of the mask lens through the hole in the lens into the space between the upper and lower nut 68. A nut 68 is preliminarily installed on the pipe 54 with a thread 69 - in the drawing, the upper nut 68, a flat metal washer 67 is installed under the nut 68, then a sealing rubber washer 70 is installed under the washer 67, after which the pipe 54 is inserted into the hole in the lens 65, after which a sealing rubber washer 70 is installed on the tube to the lower part of the tube 54, with a thread 69 applied, coming out of the hole in the lens 65, then a metal washer 67 is installed and tightened with a nut 68. When screwing the nuts 68 towards each other, the metal washers 67 will compress the sealing washers 70 and will fix the pipe 54 in the hole of the lens 65. Power wires 37,38,40,41 enter the pipe 54 through the holes 57 in the pipe 54. This embodiment can be used on any types of protective masks, both half masks and full face masks. Including any types of existing masks, by fixing them in the holes in the walls or lenses of the masks.

It is possible to implement the device shown in the drawing without optical focusing system. The lining of a large-area cylindrical capacitor does not have the properties of reflecting ultraviolet electromagnetic radiation. The device in Fig. 16 can be implemented both with an optical focusing system and without an optical focusing system. It is possible to have a device for adjusting the voltage applied to the capacitor plates, depending on the air humidity, since the force acting on bacteria and viruses will be different depending on the air humidity. The implementation can be carried out in any known way, for example, by installing a humidity sensor, or adjusting the voltage applied to the capacitor plates, depending on the leakage current of the capacitor, using a current change sensor in the capacitor power supply.

Embodiments of the invention.

The best embodiment of the device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - embodiment 1, is the embodiment in Fig. 4. The device stands on supports 9, on surface 22. The device contains a concentrator of ultraviolet radiation 20, in the form of an optical focusing system in the form of a reflective inner surface of a hollow ellipsoid 23. The inner surface of the ellipsoid 23 has a coating reflecting ultraviolet radiation. An electric motor 12 equipped with a propeller 13, is fixed on the left side of the ellipsoid 23, inside a pipe 24, attached to the inner surface of the pipe 24 on holders 25. An electric motor 12 equipped with a propeller 13, when power is supplied to it from a power supply 14, fixed on the left support 9, through wires 4.5, will move - draw air from the ellipsoid by rotating the propeller 13 23 and simultaneously draw in air flow 26 through pipe 27 located on the right side of ellipsoid 23. At the right focus 28 of ellipsoid 23, there is a source of ultraviolet radiation 1, in the form of light-emitting diode 2, on support 29 attached to the inner surface of ellipsoid 23. Radiation from light-emitting diode 2 is focused by optical focusing system in the form of reflective inner surface of ellipsoid 23 in the left focus 30 of ellipsoid 23, in which there is a source of electric field 6, in this embodiment, electret ball 31 carrying electric charge, on support 32 attached to the inner surface of ellipsoid 23. Bacteria and viruses contained in air flow 26 drawn into ellipsoid 23 through pipe 27 will be attracted to source of electric field 6 located at the focus of optical focusing system, where the density of the ultraviolet radiation flux will be higher than in other regions of space inside the ellipsoid 23.

The best embodiment of the device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - embodiment 2, is the embodiment in Fig. 16. Pipe 54, in this embodiment, has a curved shape, thread 69 is applied to the lower part of pipe 54. Pipe 54 is fixed to the face pad through an opening in the pad or lens of the full-face mask. First, nut 68 is installed on pipe 54 with thread 69 - in the drawing, the upper nut 68, a flat metal washer 67 is installed under nut 68, then a sealing rubber washer 70 is installed under washer 67, after which pipe 54 is inserted into the opening in lens 65, after which a sealing rubber washer 70 is installed on the tube to the lower part of tube 54, with thread 69 applied, coming out of the opening in lens 65, then metal washer 67 and is tightened with nut 68. When screwing nuts 68 towards each other, metal washers 67 will compress sealing washers 70 and will fix pipe 54 in the hole of lens 65. Power wires 37,38,40,41 enter pipe 54 through holes 57 in pipe 54.

It is possible to implement the device shown in the drawing without an optical focusing system. The lining of a large-area cylindrical capacitor does not have the properties of reflecting ultraviolet electromagnetic radiation. The device in Fig. 16 can be implemented both with an optical focusing system and without an optical focusing system.

Industrial applicability.

Ultraviolet radiation is widely used in medical purposes for air disinfection [12, 13, 14].

For example, ultraviolet gas-discharge lamps [14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20] and LEDs [21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27] can be used as sources of ultraviolet radiation.

Optical focusing systems are widely used [28,29,30,31].

There are many methods for calculating optical systems for various purposes, including optical focusing systems [32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39].

Any known material that reflects ultraviolet radiation can be used as a coating that reflects electromagnetic radiation of the ultraviolet range in optical focusing systems. For example, polished aluminum or anodized aluminum. The device body, where the optical focusing systems are placed, can be made entirely of aluminum, in which case the inner surface of the tube body with the fan or the surface of the mask facing the user's face will have a polished surface, or the tube body and mask can be made of plastic, and the inner surface of the tube or mask facing the user's face can have a reflective layer, for example, from a layer of polished or anodized aluminum, for example, aluminum foil. As an embodiment of the electric field source, it is possible to use an electric capacitor [40,41], with different plate areas. The voltage supplied to the capacitor plates with different plate areas will be different in different embodiments, it can have different values for different embodiments, for example, in the range from 1 V to 150,000 V. The shape and area of the capacitor plates, with different plate areas, for creating an electric field can be any, as one of the possible options, it is possible to use a cylindrical or spherical capacitor. Due to the non-uniformity of the electric field created by the capacitor plates, the field strength at the capacitor plate with a small area will be higher and, accordingly, bacteria and viruses contained in the air will be attracted to the area with the highest electric field strength.

The parameters of ultraviolet radiation and options for calculating the power of radiation sources for a given volume of air are known [12,13,14,15,42,43,44].

In this invention, it is possible to calculate, according to known regularities, the required values of charge density on a part made of electret [9,10] or a capacitor plate [40,41] of a small area for attraction of airborne bacteria and viruses, due to the phenomenon of electrostatic induction, to sources of an electric field located near areas of space with the highest values of the flux density of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range or the highest values of the volumetric energy density of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range. In these areas of space, the values of the flux density of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range and the volumetric energy density of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range will be sufficient to cause the loss of viability of microorganisms under the influence of ultraviolet radiation [12,13,14,15,42,43,44]. The force of attraction of bacteria and viruses to sources of an electric field can be calculated based on the charge density on the surface of an electret part [9,10] or a small-area capacitor plate [40,41].

Volumetric energy density of radiation is the ratio of the energy of radiation to the volume it fills [45].

Sources of information:

1. 91254 RU

2. 2689980 RU

3. 130751 RU

4. 197983 RU

5. 94421 RU

6. 2743249 RU

7. 2749123 RU

8. 2746515 RU

9. Gubkin A.N., “Electrets”, M., Nauka-1978 10. Sessler G., "Electrets", Moscow, "Mir", 1983

I. 2668855 RU

12. Guideline R 3.5.1904-04 "Use of ultraviolet bactericidal radiation for indoor air disinfection". Ministry of Health of Russia. Moscow: 2004.

13. Wasserman A. L., Shandala M. G., Yuzbashev V. G. Ultraviolet radiation in the prevention of infectious diseases. Moscow: Medicine, 2003. 208 p.

14. Ultraviolet technologies in the modern world. Karmazinov F. V., Kostyuchenko S. V., Kudryavtsev N. N., Khramenkov S. V., eds.

Dolgoprudny: Intellect; 2012

15. Ultraviolet and vacuum-ultraviolet excilamps: physics, technology and applications / A.M. Boychenko, M.I. Lomaev, A.N. Panchenko, E.A. Sosnin, V.F. Tarasenko. - Tomsk: 2011. - 512 p.

16. 2336592 RU

17. 2722236 RU

18. 2673062 RU

19. 2291516 RU

20. 2770616 RU

21. Schubert Fred, "Light-emitting diodes" Publisher: Fizmatlit, 2008

22. A.M. Yushin. Modern LEDs. Handbook. Moscow: Radiosoft, 2013.

23. 266447

24. 203362 RU

25. 197893 RU

26. 2492939 RU 27. 118917 RU

28. 2169400 RU

29. 2552029 RU

30. 2650705 RU

31. 2540439 RU

32. Born M., Wolf E. Fundamentals of Optics. - M.: Nauka, 1973. - 720 p.

33. Hertzberger M. Modern geometric optics. - M.: Foreign Literature, 1962. - 487 p.

34. Slyusarev G.G. Calculation of optical systems L., "Mashinostroenie" (Leningrad branch), 1975. 640 p. and ill.

35. Strebkov, D. S. Solar power plants: solar radiation concentrators: a textbook for universities / D. S. Strebkov, E. V. Tveryanovich; edited by D. S. Strebkov. - 2nd ed., corrected. - Moscow: Yurait Publishing House, 2023. - 265 p. - (Higher education).

— ISBN 978-5-534-08777-2.

36. Karyakin, N. A. Lighting devices of spotlight and projection types / N. A. Karyakin. - M.: Higher School, 1966.

37. Tudorovsky, A.I. Theory of optical devices / A.I. Tudorovsky. T. 2. - M.; L., 1952.

38. Weinberg, Vsevolod Borisovich, Mirrors that Concentrate Sun Rays. Moscow: Oborongiz, 1954.

39. IVANNIKOVA Natalia Vladimirovna

GEOMETRICAL MODELS, DESIGN ALGORITHMS AND SEARCH FOR EFFECTIVE PARAMETERS OF TECHNOLOGICAL REFLECTORS. Manuscript rights. Omsk - 2017

40. Apollonsky, Stanislav Mikhailovich.

Theoretical Foundations of Electrical Engineering. Electromagnetic Field [Text]: a textbook for students of higher educational institutions studying in the areas of training 140400 - Technical Physics and 220100 - Systems Analysis and Control / S. M. Apollonsky. - St. Petersburg [and others]: Lan, 2012. - 587 p.: ill., table; 25 cm.

41. Kovalenko, Ivan Ivanovich. Physics course: a tutorial: in 6 parts / I. I. Kovalenko; - St. Petersburg: GUAP, 2019.

42. Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Federal Scientific Center of Hygiene named after F.F. Erisman" of Rospotrebnadzor Ultraviolet bactericidal irradiators: what to pay attention to for safe use in medical organizations Skopin A.Yu., PhD, Associate Professor

43. Karpushin G.I. Bacteriological research and air disinfection - M.: Medgiz, 1962. - 256 p.

44. GUIDELINE R 3.1.683-98 PREVENTION OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES USE OF ULTRAVIOLET BACTERICIDAL RADIATION FOR DISINFECTION OF AIR AND SURFACES IN ROOMS

45. GOST 7601-78

Claims

28 Formula 1. A device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - variant 1, containing a source of ultraviolet radiation, a source of an electric field, in the form of one or more parts made of electret, characterized in that it contains an optical focusing system for ultraviolet radiation. 2. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the electret is included in the composition of the component of the composite material of the part included in the device. 3. The device according to paragraph 1 or 2, characterized in that the source of ultraviolet radiation is combined with a source of an electric field. 4. The device according to paragraph 1 or 2, characterized in that it contains a device for moving air in the irradiated space. 5. The device according to paragraph 1 or 2, characterized in that the source of the electric field and the source of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range are combined with a patch for application to the face, in the form of a protective mask. 6. The device according to paragraph 5, characterized in that the source of the electric field and the source of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range are located in the cavity between the pad and the user’s face. 7. The device according to paragraph 5, characterized in that the surface of the mask facing the face is combined with an optical focusing system. 8. The device according to paragraph 5, characterized in that it contains a device for fastening to the head. 9. The device according to paragraph 2, characterized in that the part of which includes an electret, in the composition of the component of the composite material, a light-emitting diode is used for emitting ultraviolet radiation. 10. A device for irradiating air with ultraviolet radiation - option 2, containing a source of ultraviolet radiation, a source an electric field in the form of a capacitor plate, characterized in that it contains a capacitor containing plates of large and small areas. 11. The device according to item 10, characterized in that it contains an optical focusing system for ultraviolet radiation. 12. The device according to item 11, characterized in that the capacitor plate of a large area is combined with an optical focusing system. 13. The device according to item 10, characterized in that a cylindrical or spherical capacitor is used as a capacitor. 14. The device according to paragraph 10 or 11, characterized in that the source of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range is combined with a source of an electric field. 15. The device according to paragraph 10 or 11, characterized in that it contains a device for moving air in the irradiated space. 16. The device according to paragraph 10 or 11, characterized in that the source of the electric field and the source of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range are combined with a patch for application to the face, in the form of a protective mask. 17. The device according to paragraph 16, characterized in that the source of the electric field and the source of electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet range are located between the pad and the user’s face. 18. The device according to item 16, characterized in that the surface of the mask facing the face is combined with an optical focusing system. 19. The device according to item 16, characterized in that the surface of the mask facing the face is combined with the lining of a large-area capacitor. 20. The device according to paragraph 16, characterized in that the protective mask is made in the form of a half mask for protecting the respiratory organs. 21. The device according to paragraph 16, characterized in that the protective mask is made in the form of a full-face mask for protecting the respiratory organs and vision. 22. The device according to paragraph 16, characterized in that it contains a device for fastening to the head. 23. The device according to paragraph 10 or I, characterized in that it contains a device for fastening to a pad placed on the face, in the form of a protective mask. 24. The device according to paragraph 10 or 11, characterized in that it contains a device for regulating the magnitude of the voltage supplied to the capacitor plates, depending on the magnitude of air humidity.