CN103482719B - Device for treatment of living organisms in ballast water by utilizing pulsed strong light and photocatalysis technology - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for treatment of living organisms in ballast water by utilizing pulsed strong light and a photocatalysis technology. The device comprises a treatment chamber body, a pulsed xenon lamp and a pulsed strong light power supply, wherein a stainless steel sheet coated with a titanium dioxide coating is arranged in the treatment camber body, the treatment chamber body comprises a water inlet and a water outlet, the water inlet is communicated with a liquid storage tank containing seawater to be treated through a pipeline, and the water outlet is communicated with a liquid collection tank for containing the seawater after the end of treatment through the pipeline; the two ends of the pulsed xenon lamp penetrate through the treatment chamber body; the pulsed strong light power supply is electrically connected with the pulsed xenon lamp and used for providing pulsed energy for the pulsed xenon lamp to enable the pulsed xenon lamp to emit the pulsed strong light. The device for treatment of the living organisms in the ballast water, provided by the invention, is used for treatment of the living organisms in the ballast water of a ship, and has the characteristics of short treatment time, high working efficiency, simplicity in operation, low operation cost, no secondary pollution and the like.

Description

A device for treating living organisms in ballast water using pulsed intense light and photocatalysis

technical field

The invention relates to ship ballast water treatment equipment, in particular to a device for synergistically treating living organisms in ballast water by using pulsed strong light and photocatalysis technology.

Background technique

During the voyage of ocean-going ships, ballast is an inevitable state. While the ship is adding ballast water. Local aquatic organisms are also loaded into the ballast tanks, until the voyage is completed and discharged to the destination sea area with the ballast water. The random discharge of ballast water and sediment from ships will cause the breeding of harmful aquatic organisms and the spread of pathogens, destroy the ecological balance of organisms in different sea areas, and seriously threaten the marine environment. For this reason, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) has attached great importance to the marine environmental problems caused by the ship's ballast water. As early as in the 1973 IMO conference, ballast water problems, especially those related to the migration of harmful pathogens The problem was raised; since 1990, the problem of ship ballast water has been included in the agenda of its Marine Environmental Protection Committee, comprehensive research has been carried out, the research and formulation of relevant guidelines, rules, and conventions have been started, and related technical research and equipment have been started. develop.

At present, there are many ballast water treatment methods that have been researched, developed or applied. Generally speaking, they can be divided into two types: physical treatment and chemical treatment according to the differences in treatment principles.

Physical treatment methods separate, eliminate or kill harmful organisms and substances in seawater by different means, the main means including filtration, centrifugal separation, heating, etc.

filter method. Filtration is a treatment method that filters out a certain volume of microorganisms or other pollutants in seawater through a filter device. The filtration method can directly filter out some foreign organisms, and different biological populations can be removed by selecting a suitable mesh. The effectiveness of this method is unquestionable, but the defects are also very obvious, such as viruses and bacteria, the smallest diameter is only 0.02μm and 0.1μm, the smallest protozoa is 2μm, the smallest dinoflagellate is 3μm, the filter mesh The more, the greater the pressure required for filtration, and backwashing will be required soon, otherwise the filtration will not be able to proceed. In fact, seawater, especially coastal ballast water itself contains a lot of suspended matter, which will make filtration more difficult, and if the mesh is too small, it will lose its effect. Therefore, there are certain problems in the feasibility of this method.

centrifugation. Centrifugation is a method of gravitationally separating seawater using rotating components to remove particles and organisms that have a different weight than seawater. This method removes most multicellular animals and plants, eggs, larvae, spores (including dormant spores that enter the sludge as harmful algae) and harmful pathogenic bacteria. However, when dealing with organisms (jellyfish, hairy jaws) with a specific gravity similar to that of seawater, the treatment effect is limited; in addition, the size of the equipment is large, and the installation space requirements are relatively high, especially when the processing volume is large, the equipment on the ship. Installation becomes extremely difficult. Therefore, it has basically failed to develop and apply on some real ships with large flow rates.

Heating method. According to the latest research, 40°C to 45°C is usually sufficient to kill or suppress harmful aquatic organisms in ballast water. Low temperature for long periods of time is more effective than high temperature for short periods of time. The temperature is 38°C-50°C, and the heating duration is 2-4 hours, which can kill most organisms, but if the organisms exist in the form of dormant spores, a higher temperature may be required, and it is difficult to achieve the effect of killing . The main problems in the implementation of heating treatment on board are that the piping system must be refitted, resulting in thermal stress, insufficient heat source, and poor treatment effect in winter.

Chemical treatment is to kill harmful organisms through the action of drugs to eliminate or reduce the harm of ballast water to the environment. The main methods are as follows:

Chlorine or chloride treatment. Chlorine or chloride is a good bactericidal drug and is widely used as a water treatment agent on land. The experimental results show that 5 mg/l of available chlorine can kill 99.85% of heterotrophic bacteria, 100% of Vibrio and 85.2% of fecal coliforms, and 20 mg/l of available chlorine can kill almost all bacteria. The chlorination method is a more feasible method to treat the ship's ballast water, but its disadvantage is that it will cause accelerated bulkhead corrosion and emit chlorine odor.

Ozone method. Ozone has a high killing effect on bacteria and viruses, and the amount of ozone used is small and the contact time is short, and no halogenation reaction occurs. However, because ozone is in a highly unstable state, it can only be prepared on site and cannot be produced industrially like liquid chlorine, so the cost is often higher than that of chlorine treatment. Ozone disinfection equipment investment and operating costs are higher than general disinfection methods, and the cost is high when used on ships to treat ballast water, which is not easy for ship owners to accept. Ozone generating equipment and dosing devices are relatively complicated, and the dosage is not easy to adjust, which requires a high level of technical management and maintenance, which is not suitable for the environmental space and technical strength of ships.

Chlorine dioxide treatment. Chlorine dioxide has a good disinfection effect as a disinfectant. Studies have confirmed that chlorine dioxide has a good killing effect on Escherichia coli, bacteria, spore viruses and algae. However, chlorine dioxide is explosive and easily decomposed into chlorine oxide and oxygen when exposed to light, so it needs to be prepared on site when used. Therefore, the cost of disinfection with chlorine dioxide is relatively high, which is the main factor restricting the treatment of ballast water in ships.

Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a treatment process or device for living organisms in ballast water that is low in cost, easy to operate, has a thorough treatment effect, is environmentally friendly, and is suitable for offshore operations.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a device for treating ship's ballast water using pulsed strong light and photocatalytic technology, so that it can process living organisms in ship's ballast water with short processing time, high work efficiency, simple operation, and low operating cost. No secondary pollution and other characteristics.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a device for treating living organisms in ballast water using pulsed strong light and photocatalytic technology, the device comprising:

The processing chamber body is provided with a stainless steel sheet coated with titanium dioxide coating. The processing chamber body includes a water inlet and a water outlet. The sump used to hold the treated seawater is communicated through pipelines;

Pulse xenon lamp, the two ends of which penetrate the processing chamber body;

The pulsed strong light power supply electrically connected with the pulsed xenon lamp is used to provide pulse energy for the pulsed xenon lamp to make it emit pulsed strong light.

In the above-mentioned device for treating living organisms in ballast water, the stainless steel sheet is arranged close to the inner wall of the treatment chamber body.

In the above-mentioned device for treating living organisms in ballast water, a metering pump is provided on the pipeline connecting the water inlet of the treatment chamber body and the liquid storage tank to pump seawater to be treated into the treatment chamber.

In the above-mentioned device for treating living organisms in ballast water, the metering pump is provided with a knob for adjusting the flow of seawater, which is used to provide seawater to be treated in a quantity.

In the above-mentioned device for treating living organisms in ballast water, the pipe connecting the water outlet of the treatment chamber body and the sump is also provided with a sampling port for sampling the treated seawater for detection.

In the above-mentioned device for treating living organisms in ballast water, the pulsed intense light power supply is provided with a controller for adjusting the output voltage, output power, pulse frequency and pulse width of the power supply.

The pulsed strong light power supply is connected with the pulsed xenon lamp to provide pulsed energy for the pulsed xenon lamp to make it emit pulsed strong light. Under the excitation of the pulsed strong light, the titanium dioxide loaded on the stainless steel sheet can undergo a photocatalytic reaction.

The beneficial effect of the present invention is that when the ballast water flows through the treatment chamber, the pulsed strong light generated by the pulsed xenon lamp can directly treat the living microorganisms in the ballast water, and can also be used as an exciting light source to cause the photocatalytic reaction of titanium dioxide, specifically Generally speaking, titanium dioxide undergoes a photocatalytic reaction under the irradiation of strong pulsed light, and the strong oxidizing hydroxyl radicals generated by the reaction can destroy the cell structure, thereby achieving the purpose of inactivating microorganisms, and thus can treat living microorganisms in ballast water. The invention has the characteristics of short processing time, high work efficiency, simple operation, low operation cost, no secondary pollution and the like.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a device for treating living organisms in ballast water using pulsed intense light and photocatalytic technology according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the effect of photocatalytic treatment of live microorganisms in ballast water by the device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the output voltage of the power supply of the device of the present invention and the microorganism inactivation rate.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the power output power of the device of the present invention and the microorganism inactivation rate.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the pulse frequency of the device of the present invention and the inactivation rate of microorganisms.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the pulse width of the device of the present invention and the microorganism inactivation rate.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between single pulse energy and microorganism inactivation rate of the device of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the ballast water sample flow rate and the microbial inactivation rate of the device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical means, creative features, goals and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further elaborated below in conjunction with illustrations and specific embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, the present invention proposes a device for co-processing living organisms in ship ballast water by using pulsed strong light and photocatalytic technology, including a treatment chamber 10 and a pulsed strong light power supply 30, the water inlet 11 of the treatment chamber is connected with the built-in waiting The liquid storage tank 40 for processing seawater is connected through pipelines, and its water outlet 12 is connected with the liquid collection tank 50 of built-in processed seawater through pipelines, and the pulsed strong light power supply 30 provides pulse energy for the device; Titanium dioxide stainless steel sheet (not shown in the figure, titanium dioxide is coated on the stainless steel sheet, and the stainless steel sheet is attached to the inner wall of the processing chamber) and the processing chamber shell. The pulsed strong light power supply 30 is connected with the pulsed xenon lamp 20 to provide pulse energy for the pulsed xenon lamp 20 , so that it emits pulsed strong light; a metering pump 13 is arranged between the processing chamber 10 and the liquid storage tank 40, and the metering pump 13 transports the seawater in the liquid storage tank 40 to the processing chamber 10, and the metering pump 13 has an adjusting seawater The knob of the flow rate (not shown in the figure); the pulse strong light power supply 30 is provided with a controller (not shown in the figure) for adjusting the output voltage of the power supply, the output power of the power supply, the pulse frequency and the pulse width.

In the present invention, the common algae in ballast water is taken as the research object, and the influence of different design parameters of the device of the present invention on the microorganism inactivation effect is illustrated through experiments. The present invention takes Heterocurvium as a representative, and it can be seen from the sterilization mechanism of the present invention on microorganisms that the present invention has better inactivation effects on other microorganisms.

The experimental workflow is as follows: the ballast water sample flows in the direction indicated by the arrow below under the action of the metering pump, untreated sample → metering pump → treatment chamber → sample collection tank. The xenon lamp in the treatment chamber emits strong pulsed light under the action of the strong pulsed light power supply, which can directly inactivate the microalgae in the ballast water sample, and can also excite the _TiO2 coating to make it generate light. Catalyzes the reaction to further inactivate microalgae in ballast water samples.

Through the above experiments, the experimental results are as follows:

It can be seen from Figure 2 that photocatalysis has a good inactivation effect on Heterocurvium in ballast water samples. When the output voltage of the pulsed strong light power supply is 260V, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium algae is 70.74% when only the pulsed strong light is used, and the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium is as high as 98.26% when the pulsed strong light and photocatalytic co-treatment are used. .

It can be seen from Figure 3 that increasing the output voltage of the power supply can effectively improve the inactivation effect of pulsed strong light and photocatalysis on Heterocurvium in ballast water samples. When other experimental parameters remain unchanged, when the voltage is 220V, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium is 25.11%; when the voltage is 240V, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium is 79.45%; The inactivation rate of algae is as high as 99.9%.

It can be seen from Figure 4 that the inactivation effect of pulsed intense light and photocatalysis on Heterocurvium in ballast water samples increases with the increase of power. When other experimental parameters remain unchanged, when the power supply is 0.3kw, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium is 49.7%; when the power supply is 0.5kw, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium rises to 88.1%; When it reaches 0.7kw, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium is as high as 98.1%.

It can be seen from Figure 5 that the increase of pulse frequency can effectively improve the inactivation effect of pulsed intense light and photocatalysis on Heterocurvium in ballast water samples. When other experimental parameters remain unchanged, when the pulse frequency is 10Hz, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium is 3.1%; when the pulse frequency is 30Hz, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium is 64.1%; when the pulse frequency increases to 50Hz , the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium is as high as 98.5%.

It can be seen from Figure 6 that increasing the pulse width can effectively improve the inactivation effect of pulsed intense light and photocatalysis on Heterocurvium in ballast water samples. When other experimental parameters remain unchanged, when the pulse width is 3ms, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium is 65.4%; when the pulse width is 4ms, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium is 89.4%; , the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium is as high as 96.9%.

It can be seen from Figure 7 that increasing the single pulse energy can effectively improve the inactivation effect of pulsed intense light and photocatalysis on Heterocurvium in ballast water samples. When other experimental parameters remain unchanged, when the single pulse energy is 5J, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium is 50.53%; when the single pulse energy is 9J, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium rises to 89.98%; When increased to 13J, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium was as high as 98.64%.

It can be seen from Figure 8 that reducing the flow rate of ballast water samples can improve the inactivation effect of pulsed strong light and photocatalysis on Heterocurvium in ballast water samples. When other experimental parameters remain unchanged, when the flow rate of the ballast water sample is 0.54L/min, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium is as high as 89.24%. When the flow rate of the ballast water sample is 1.78L/min, the inactivation rate of Heterocurvium The inactivation rate of Heterocurvium was only 34.85% when the flow rate of the ballast water sample increased to 2.5L/min.

From the above experiments, it can be seen that the optimal process conditions for treating living organisms in ballast water are: use pulsed strong light and photocatalytic co-treatment, increase the voltage to 300V, increase the power supply to 0.7kw, increase the pulse frequency to 50Hz, and increase the pulse width to 5ms , the single pulse energy increased to 13J.

Although the content of the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the above description should not be considered as limiting the present invention. Various modifications and alterations to the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be defined by the appended claims.

Claims (6)

1. utilize a device for living body biological in pulse strong-light and photocatalysis technology processing ballast, it is characterized in that, this device comprises:

Chamber bodies (10), the stainless steel substrates scribbling coating of titanium dioxide is set in this chamber bodies (10), this chamber bodies (10) comprises water-in (11) and water outlet (12), this water-in (11) with fill the reservoir (40) of pending seawater by pipeline communication, this water outlet (12) with pass through pipeline communication for the intercepting basin (50) holding the seawater be disposed;

Xenon flash lamp (20), its breakthrough process room, two ends body (10) is arranged;

The pulse strong-light power supply (30) be electrically connected with xenon flash lamp (20), for providing pulse energy for xenon flash lamp, makes it send pulse strong-light.

2. utilize the device of living body biological in pulse strong-light and photocatalysis technology processing ballast as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described stainless steel substrates is close to chamber bodies inwall and arranges.

3. utilize the device of living body biological in pulse strong-light and photocatalysis technology processing ballast as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described connection chamber bodies water-in (11) and the pipeline of reservoir (40) are also provided with volume pump (13), for inhaling pending seawater to treatment chamber pump.

4. utilizing the device of living body biological in pulse strong-light and photocatalysis technology processing ballast as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described volume pump (13) being provided with the knob regulating seawater flow, for providing pending seawater according to quantity.

5. utilize the device of living body biological in pulse strong-light and photocatalysis technology processing ballast as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described connection chamber bodies water outlet (12) and the pipeline of intercepting basin (50) are also provided with thief hole (14), for sampling the seawater be disposed, for detecting.

6. utilize the device of living body biological in pulse strong-light and photocatalysis technology processing ballast as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described pulse strong-light power supply (30) is provided with the controller regulating electric power output voltage, output power of power supply, pulse-repetition and pulse width.