CN110267737B

CN110267737B - Device for preparing and treating a gas flow by automatically adjusting the volume of liquid

Info

Publication number: CN110267737B
Application number: CN201880011069.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: J·詹姆里
Original assignee: Starklab SAS
Current assignee: Starklab SAS
Priority date: 2017-02-10
Filing date: 2018-02-07
Publication date: 2021-09-10
Anticipated expiration: 2038-02-07
Also published as: DK3579964T3; RU2751198C2; EP3579964A1; US20200009498A1; RU2019123691A3; BR112019016224B1; MA47454B1; JP7065865B2; RU2019123691A; PT3579964T; KR20190111960A; WO2018146123A1; BR112019016224A2; JP2020507465A; FR3062799B1; CN110267737A; CA3052701A1; KR102478818B1; ES2871498T3; US11547966B2

Abstract

Apparatus for the preparation and treatment of a gas stream (F), comprising an exchange chamber (2) with at least one first gas flow discharge opening (2b), means (3; 4) for supplying liquid (L) to the exchange chamber, discharging the exchange chamber The device (3; 5) and the pneumatic device (6) of the liquid (L) contained in (2), the pneumatic device can generate the incoming air flow (F) from outside the exchange chamber (2) by suction or blowing during operation, so that the incoming air flow (F) is introduced into the liquid volume (V) contained in the exchange chamber (2), and the output air flow (F') obtained by direct contact with the liquid volume rises in the exchange chamber through the discharge port (2b) out of the exchange chamber (2). The apparatus further comprises first measuring means (7) for measuring the first operating parameter ( _Xout ) in the output gas flow (F') or for measuring compounds in the liquid contained in or from the exchange chamber (2) The concentration (CL _out ) of the first measuring means (X out ) or the first operating parameter (X _out ) of the pH value (pH _out ) of the liquid contained in or from the exchange chamber (2). The device comprises electronic regulation means (9) capable of automatically controlling the exchange chamber liquid supply means (3; 4) and the exchange chamber liquid discharge means (3; 5) to automatically regulate the exchange chamber liquid at least according to a first operating parameter (X _out ) liquid height (h).

Description

Device for preparing and treating a gas flow by automatically adjusting the volume of liquid

Technical Field

The invention relates to the preparation and treatment of gas streams by means of liquid volumes that undergo automatic adjustment of the liquid volume. The invention applies to various fields, such as, for example, non-exclusively: heat recovery in gas streams, in particular hot air streams or industrial fumes; passing a gas stream through the liquid volume to produce a heated or cooled gas stream; preparing a temperature-controlled gas stream and/or an absolute humidity-controlled gas stream; humidifying or dehumidifying the air flow; purifying or filtering the gas flow; treating the gas stream by chemically reacting the gas stream with a liquid generator; heating or air conditioning of a site or industrial building, commercial building or residential building; site or industrial building, commercial building or residential building air humidity control.

Background

The use of liquids such as water for treating a gas stream, in particular for bringing the gas stream into direct contact with a liquid and for heating or cooling the gas stream by heat exchange between the liquid and the gas stream, is an old-fashioned technique which has the advantage of being environmentally friendly, since it avoids in particular the use of coolant-type heat carriers. The heating or cooling of the air stream, in particular the heating or cooling of the air stream, may for example be aimed at producing an air stream with a controlled temperature and/or at producing an air stream with a controlled absolute humidity.

A first technical solution known for implementing this technique consists in passing the gas stream through a curtain of fine droplets, or passing the gas stream through an exchange surface permeable to the liquid and containing it, for example a water-soaked textile material, or in flowing the gas stream in contact with a wet plate. The main drawbacks of this type of solution are the very low energy efficiency of the heat exchange between the liquid and the air flow, and the low air flow rates that can be obtained.

A second technical solution is known which consists in passing a gas flow, in particular an air flow, directly through the liquid volume contained in the exchange chamber, by injecting the gas flow into said liquid volume below the surface of the latter. Solutions of this type are described, for example, in international patent application WO2006/138287 and in US patent US4697735 (figure 3). Solutions of this type are also described in international patent applications WO2015/086979 and WO 2016/071648. The advantages of this second technical solution are: a higher energy efficiency of the heat exchange between the liquid and the gas flow can be achieved than with the first technical solution.

In this second technical solution, the exchange between the gas flow and the liquid volume depends on the liquid level through which the gas flow passes. The higher the liquid level, the more this exchange. For example, when a liquid is used to heat or cool a gas stream, the higher the level of liquid in the exchange chamber, the greater the amount of heat exchanged between the gas stream and the liquid per unit time. When a liquid is used to capture a compound in a gas stream, the higher the height of the liquid in the exchange chamber, the greater the amount of that compound captured per unit time in the liquid.

In some applications, the pressure in the gas flow at the inlet of the exchange chamber and/or the pressure in the gas flow at the outlet of the exchange chamber may vary in an uncontrolled manner, which automatically leads to a change in the liquid level in the exchange chamber to compensate for such pressure variations. This change in liquid level causes a change in the operating point of the apparatus, the exchange between the gas flow and the liquid volume in the exchange chamber being adversely changed in an uncontrolled manner.

In some applications, even if the pressure in the gas flow at the inlet of the exchange chamber and the pressure of the gas flow at the outlet of the exchange chamber are constant over time, it may prove useful to be able to vary the operating point of the device, and therefore the level of exchange between the gas flow and the liquid volume, for example to bring it to an optimum level.

More generally, there is a need to automatically adjust the operating point of an apparatus for preparing and treating a gas stream by passing the gas stream through the volume of liquid contained in an exchange chamber.

Disclosure of Invention

Object of the Invention

The present invention aims to propose a new technical solution that enables the preparation of a gas flow to be treated by means of a liquid contained in an exchange chamber and the automatic adjustment of the operating point of the plant.

Summary of The Invention

Accordingly, the present invention is directed to an apparatus for preparing and treating a gas stream, the apparatus comprising: an exchange chamber having at least one first gas flow exhaust port; a liquid supply device for supplying liquid to the exchange chamber such that the exchange chamber can contain a volume of liquid and the first gas flow outlet of the exchange chamber is positioned above a surface of the volume of liquid contained within the exchange chamber; a liquid discharge device for discharging the liquid contained in the exchange chamber; and a pneumatic device capable, in operation, of generating an incoming air flow from outside the exchange chamber by suction or blowing, so that the incoming air flow is introduced into the liquid volume contained in the exchange chamber below the surface of said volume, and so that an outgoing air flow, treated by direct contact with said liquid volume, rises inside the exchange chamber and is discharged outside said exchange chamber through a first air flow discharge opening of the exchange chamber.

According to a feature of the invention, the device further comprises a first operating parameter (X) for measurement in the output airflow_out) Or for measuring the Concentration (CL) of a compound in or from a liquid contained in or from the exchange chamber_out) Or measuring the pH (pH) of the liquid contained in or from the exchange chamber_out) First operating parameter (X)_out) The first measuring device of (1); and in that the apparatus comprises electronic regulation means able to automatically control, in particular during operation of the apparatus, the liquid supply means of the exchange chamber and the liquid discharge means of the exchange chamber, at least as a function of said first operating parameter (X)_out) The liquid level (or in other words the liquid level) in the exchange chamber is automatically adjusted.

More specifically, but optionally according to the invention, the device of the invention may comprise the additional and optional technical features defined in any one of claims 2 to 15, described later, taken alone or in combination.

The invention is also directed to the use of at least one apparatus as described above for preparing at least one gas stream treated by passing through a volume of liquid contained in an exchange chamber of the apparatus.

More specifically, the invention is directed to the use of at least one of the above-described devices for filtering and/or purifying and/or cooling and/or heating an incoming gas stream.

More specifically, the invention is directed to the use of at least one of the above-mentioned devices for treating one of the following gas flows: an incoming gas stream resulting from combustion; or an inlet gas stream containing industrial fumes, in particular high-temperature industrial fumes; or a gas stream containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: nitrogen oxide No_xVolatile organic compound COV, sulfur oxide SO_xPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon HAP、CO、CO₂、NH₃And chloramine.

Drawings

The characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge from a reading of the following detailed description of some particular embodiments of the invention, described by way of non-limiting and non-exhaustive example with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings in which:

figure 1 is a schematic view of a first device according to the invention;

figure 2 is a schematic view of a second device according to the invention.

Detailed Description

Several embodiments of the apparatus for preparing and treating a gas stream according to the present invention will be described in detail below. These devices can be used in all applications where it is useful to process a gas stream by passing it through a volume of liquid. These devices can therefore also be used in various fields, such as, for example, non-exclusively: heat recovery in gas streams, in particular hot air streams or industrial fumes; passing a gas stream through the liquid volume to produce a heated or cooled gas stream; preparing a temperature-controlled and/or absolute humidity-controlled gas stream; humidifying or dehumidifying the air flow; purifying or filtering the gas flow; performing gas flow treatment by passing gas flow through liquid to perform chemical reaction; heating or air conditioning of a site or industrial building, commercial building or residential building; site or industrial building, commercial building or residential building air humidity control. The prepared gas stream can also be used for cooling, heating, humidifying or dehumidifying any type of object or surface.

With reference to the particular embodiment of fig. 1, the apparatus 1A for gas stream preparation and treatment comprises an exchange chamber 2 and a liquid reservoir in the form of a tank 3, which contains a liquid bath L, for example water.

The invention is not limited to the use of water as the liquid L but extends to any other type of liquid. As non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples, it may be beneficial in certain applications to use a liquid L having a curing temperature below 0 ℃ at atmospheric pressure, such as water containing additives of salts, sugars, glycols, alcohols. It may also be beneficial to use oil as the liquid L.

More specifically, in the embodiment of fig. 1, the bath 3 is hermetically closed, so that the liquid bath L contained in the bath 3 is isolated from the pressure outside the exchange chamber 2, for example from the atmospheric pressure when the apparatus 1A is in the open air.

In another variant, the bath 3 may be open, so that the liquid volume outside the exchange chamber 2 is, for example, at atmospheric pressure.

The lower surface of the lower part 20 of each exchange chamber 2 is open, thus forming a liquid inlet 2 a. The lower part 20 of each exchange chamber 2 is positioned in the bath 3 such that by filling the bath 3 with a sufficient level, the lower part 20 of each exchange chamber 2 is immersed in the bath of liquid contained in the bath 3, the immersed portion of each exchange chamber 2 containing a volume V of liquid.

The exchange chamber 2 comprises at least one gas flow discharge opening 2b in its upper part, which discharge opening 2b is positioned above the liquid volume V contained in the exchange chamber 2.

In order to supply new liquid to the bath 3, the apparatus 1A further comprises a supply device 4 for supplying new liquid, which supply device comprises a supply pipe 40 leading to the bath 3 above the liquid bath, which supply pipe is provided with a supply valve 41 for controlled supply of new liquid to the bath 3. In this embodiment, the bath 3 and the liquid supply means 4 for supplying liquid to the bath 3 form liquid supply means for supplying liquid to the exchange chamber 2.

The apparatus 1A further comprises a drain 5 comprising a drain pipe 50 whose base communicates with the interior of the basin 3 below the surface of the bath of liquid contained in the basin 3, the drain pipe being provided with a drain valve 51 for the controlled discharge of liquid out of the basin 3. In this embodiment, the basin 3 and said drainage means 5 form drainage means for discharging the liquid contained in the exchange chamber 2.

In another embodiment, not shown, the exchange chamber cannot be immersed in the bath 3 at the lower part, as described in international patent application WO2015/086979, but is closed at the lower part and the liquid supply is obtained directly through a pipe without using the bath 3.

The apparatus 1A further comprises pneumatic means 6 able, in operation, to generate an inlet flow F coming from outside the exchange chamber 2, so that the inlet flow F is introduced into the liquid volume V contained in the exchange chamber 2 below the surface S of said liquid volume, and an outlet flow F', treated by direct contact with said liquid volume, rises inside the exchange chamber 2, being discharged outside said exchange chamber 2 through the discharge opening 2b of the exchange chamber 2.

In the particular embodiment of fig. 1, the pneumatic means 6 are able to generate, in operation, an incoming airflow F from outside the exchange chamber 2 by suction. In a further variant, the pneumatic device 6 can generate the inlet air flow F by blowing in operation.

In the particular embodiment of fig. 1, the pneumatic means 6 comprise a fan 60, the inlet 60a of which is connected to the outlet 2b of the exchange chamber 2.

The fan 60 may be, for example, a centrifugal fan or any known type of gas compressor, such as an axial fan, a pump, etc.

The pneumatic means 6 also comprise injection means 61 which can introduce the incoming gas flow F into the liquid volume V contained in the exchange chamber 2 below the surface S of said volume.

In the particular embodiment of fig. 1, the injection means 61 comprise a vertical injection duct 610 positioned inside the exchange chamber 2, which comprises, at the upper part, an air inlet 610a for the entry of an air flow and, at the lower part, an air discharge 610b for the discharge of an air flow. The intake port 610a communicates with an intake duct 611 for intake of an air flow, which is positioned outside the exchange chamber 2. The intake duct includes an intake port 611a for intake of an air flow.

Depending on the application, this air inlet 611a may, for example, open to the open air, or may be connected to any equipment or any facility in which the air flow F is captured.

When the fan 60 is operated, the inside of the exchange chamber 2 is depressurized. When the fan 60 is operating, the pressure in the bath 3 outside the exchange chamber 2 and above the liquid bath L is equal to the pressure P in the incoming air flow F at the inlet of the injection duct 610, since the bath 3 is closed_in. The pressure P_inGreater than the pressure P above the liquid volume in the exchange chamber 2_out。

Pressure difference Δ P (Δ P ═ P)_in-P_out) In the exchange chamber 2 (FIG. 1) is represented by a liquid level (FIG. 1/height h) liter in the exchange chamber 2High and the liquid level (figure 1/height H) drops in the tank 3 outside the exchange chamber 2.

The liquid level h and the liquid volume V in the exchange chamber 2 depend on this pressure difference ap.

When the fan 60 is operated, it draws an intake air flow F which enters the injection duct 610 of the exchange chamber 2 through the intake port 610a of the injection duct 610. This (untreated) incoming gas flow F is introduced into the non-immersed portion of the injection pipe 610, through the discharge outlet 610b of the immersed lower portion of the injection pipe 610, below the surface S of the liquid volume V contained in the immersed lower portion of the exchange chamber 2. The exhaust flow F' treated by direct contact with said volume of liquid contained in the exchange chamber 2 rises inside the exchange chamber 2 outside the injection duct 610 and is discharged outside said exchange chamber through the discharge opening 2b thereof. This exhaust air flow F' is drawn by the fan 60 and is exhausted in the form of an air flow F "(fig. 1).

Depending on the application, the air outlet 60b of the fan 60 may, for example, open to the open air, or may be connected to a duct (not shown) for conveying the air flow F "to another device or to another installation without being directly discharged to the free air.

Sensible and latent heat exchange between the gas and the liquid takes place when the temperature of the liquid volume V in the exchange chamber 2 differs from the temperature of the gas flow F before it is introduced into the liquid volume V.

Temperature T of liquid volume_liquideBelow the initial temperature T of the gas flow F before it is introduced into the liquid volume_initialeWhile the gas flow F' is cooled. More specifically, the temperature of the outgoing air flow F' has been reduced, and may for example be substantially equal to the temperature T of the liquid volume_liquideAnd (5) the consistency is achieved. This at the same time results in the output air flow F 'from the device 1A being dehumidified compared to the incoming air flow F, the absolute humidity (weight of water per unit volume of air) in the output air flow F' being lower than that of the incoming air flow F.

On the contrary, when the temperature T of the liquid volume_liquideAbove the initial temperature T_initialeThe output air flow F 'is heated, the temperature of the output air flow F' can be, for example, substantially equal to the temperature T of the liquid volume_liquideAnd (5) the consistency is achieved. This at the same time results in the output air flow F 'from the device 1A being humidified compared to the incoming air flow F, the absolute humidity (weight of water per unit volume of air) in the output air flow F' being higher than that of the incoming air flow F.

In some applications, the apparatus 1A may be used to filter or purify an incoming gas stream F by passing the incoming gas stream through a volume of liquid V. The apparatus 1A may also be used to condense or evaporate one or more compounds carried in the incoming gas stream F by passing the incoming gas stream F through a volume of liquid V. Depending on the application, the temperature of the liquid volume may be higher or lower than the temperature of the incoming gas stream F, or substantially equal to the temperature of the incoming gas stream F. When the temperature of the liquid volume is substantially equal to the temperature of the incoming gas flow F, an outgoing gas flow F' is generated at the outlet of the device 1A, neither heated nor cooled, having substantially the same temperature as the incoming gas flow F.

In the embodiment of fig. 1, fan 60 may generate airflows F and F' by suction. In another variant, the fan 60 can be connected to the air inlet 610a of the injection duct 610 so as to generate these air flows F and F' by blowing and not by suction.

With reference to fig. 1, the apparatus 1A comprises a first operating parameter X for measurement in the output airflow F_outIn this case above the volume of the liquid L in the exchange chamber 2.

The apparatus 1A further comprises a second operating parameter X for measurement in the incoming gas flow F_inIn this case in the inlet duct 611 and close to the inlet 610a of the injection pipe 610.

The apparatus 1A also comprises electronic regulation means 9 able to automatically control the liquid supply means 4 and the liquid discharge means 5 during operation of the apparatus, so as to normally depend at least on the first operating parameter X_outFor example at least one set value X_CThe height h (or in other words the level) of the liquid in the exchange chamber 2 is automatically adjusted.

More specifically, the electronic regulation means 9 are able to automatically control the liquid supply means 4 and the liquid discharge means 5 so as to also be dependent on the second operating parameter X_inPreferably according to the difference X_out-X_in(absolute value orAlgebraic value) automatically adjusts the height h of the liquid in the exchange chamber 2.

For example, when X_outGreater than X_CWhen, or when the difference X is_out-X_in(absolute value) greater than X_CThe electronic regulating device 9 automatically controls the liquid supply device 4 so as to increase the level h of the liquid in the exchange chamber 2. On the contrary, when X_outLess than X_CWhen, or when the difference X is_out-X_in(absolute value) less than X_CThe electronic regulating means 9 automatically controls the draining means 5 so as to lower the level h of the liquid in the exchange chamber 2.

In many applications, the pressure P in the gas flow F at the inlet of the exchange chamber 2_inAnd/or the pressure P in the gas flow F' at the outlet of the exchange chamber 2_outUncontrolled changes can occur because of the absence of the adjusting means 9, which automatically result in a change in the liquid level h in the exchange chamber 2 to compensate for the pressure change. This variation in the liquid level causes a variation in the operating point of the apparatus, the exchange between the liquid volume and the gas flow in the exchange chamber being detrimentally altered uncontrollably. Also in some applications, even the pressure P in the gas flow at the inlet of the exchange chamber 2_inAnd the pressure P of the gas flow at the outlet of the exchange chamber 2_outAlways constant, but it may prove useful to be able to vary the operating point of the plant and therefore the level of exchange between the gas flow and the liquid volume, for example in order to make it optimal.

Thus, in the first embodiment, the first operating parameter X_outMay be the pressure P in the treated gas flow F_out(X_out＝P_out) And a second operating parameter X_inMay be the pressure P in the incoming gas flow F_in(X_in＝P_in) The first and

second measuring devices

7 and 8 are, for example, pitot probes.

By acting on the pressure P_outMore specifically according to the pressure difference P_out-P_inAutomatically adjusting the height h of the liquid in the exchange chamber 2, ensuring that the quality of the exchange between the operating point of the installation, and therefore the incoming gas flow F, and the liquid in the chamber 2 is always correct, independent of the pressure P_inAnd P_outInfluence.

In the second embodimentIn (1), a first operating parameter X_outMay be the temperature T measured in the treated gas flow F_out(X_out＝T_out) And a second operating parameter X_inMay be the temperature T measured in the incoming gas flow F_in(X_in＝T_in) In this case the first and second measuring means 7 and 8 are temperature probes.

In a third embodiment, the first operating parameter X_outMay be the concentration C of the (chemical or particulate) component measured in the treated gas stream F_out(X_out＝C_out) And a second operating parameter X_inMay be the concentration C of the component measured in the incoming gas stream F_in(X_in＝C_in) In this case the first and second measuring means 7 and 8 are detectors of the component.

By way of non-limiting and non-exhaustive example, in the treatment of a gas stream consisting of combustion fumes, in particular industrial fumes, the chemical component may be Nitrogen Oxides (NO)_x) The liquid volume is used in the exchange chamber to capture these nitrogen oxides. In other applications, the compounds captured in the liquid may be selected from the following table, without limitation and without exhaustive: COV (volatile organic Compounds), SO_xHAP (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons), CO₂、NH₃And chloramine.

Another apparatus 1B of the invention is shown in fig. 2, which differs from the apparatus 1A of fig. 1 in that:

a first operating parameter (X) for measurement in the liquid contained in the exchange chamber 2_out) Is measured by the first measuring device 7',

a second operating parameter (X) for measurement in the liquid contained in the tank 3 outside the exchange chamber 2_in) And a second measuring device 8'.

In another variant, the first operating parameter (X) can be measured in the liquid coming from the exchange chamber 2_out)。

In another variant, said second operating parameter (X)_in) Can be measured in the new liquid before it is introduced into the bath 3 and thus into the exchange chamber 2,for example measured in the supply pipe 40 upstream or downstream of the valve 41.

Within the framework of the invention, the first operating parameter (X)_out) May be the concentration of the Compound (CL) in the liquid contained in the exchange chamber 2_out) And the second operating parameter may be the concentration of the compound in the liquid outside the exchange chamber 2 (CL)_in)。

Within the framework of the invention, the first operating parameter (X)_out) May be the pH value (pH) of the liquid contained in the exchange chamber 2_out) And the second operating parameter may be the pH value (pH) of the liquid outside the exchange chamber 2_in) In this case, the first and second measuring devices 7 'and 8' are pH measuring probes.

In a modified variant of the invention, in addition to adjusting the liquid level h in the exchange chamber 2, the electronic adjusting means 9 can also be designed, for example programmed, to automatically control the

valves

41 and 51 so as to be able to continuously or intermittently update the liquid in the exchange chamber 2, preferably during operation of the apparatus, on the basis of parameters measured in the liquid in the exchange chamber 2 or in the liquid from the exchange chamber 2 and/or in a new liquid before introduction into the exchange chamber 2, such as the pH value of the liquid and/or the concentration of compounds in the liquid and/or the liquid temperature, and/or on the basis of parameters measured in the incoming gas flow F and/or parameters measured in the outgoing gas flow F', such as in particular the gas flow temperature or the concentration of components in the gas flow.

Claims

1. An apparatus for preparing and processing gas flow (F), the apparatus comprising: an exchange chamber (2) having at least one first gas flow outlet (2b); a liquid supply device (3; 4), for supplying liquid (L) to the exchange chamber so that the exchange chamber (2) can accommodate the liquid volume (V), and the first gas flow discharge port (2b) of the exchange chamber is positioned at the liquid volume (V) contained in the exchange chamber above the surface (S) of the device; drain means (3; 5) for draining the liquid (L) contained in the exchange chamber (2); and pneumatic means (6) which can be operated by suction or The blowing creates an incoming air flow (F) from outside the exchange chamber (2) so that the incoming air flow (F) is introduced into the liquid volume below the surface (S) of the liquid volume (V) contained in the exchange chamber (2) and the output air flow (F') obtained by direct contact with the liquid volume rises in the exchange chamber and is discharged into the exchange chamber (2) through the first air flow discharge port (2b) of the exchange chamber (2). 2), characterized in that the device further comprises a first measuring device (7) for measuring a first operating parameter ( _Xout ) in the output air flow (F'), or a first measuring device (7) for measuring the exchange chamber ( 2) Concentration of the compound in the liquid contained in or from the exchange chamber (2) (CL _out ) or measure the pH of the liquid contained in the exchange chamber (2) or from the exchange chamber (2) (pH _out ) ) of a first measuring device (7') of a first operating parameter (X _out ); and, the device comprises electronic regulation means (9) capable of automatically controlling the liquid supply means (3; 4) of the exchange chamber and liquid discharge means (3; 5) for the exchange chamber to automatically adjust the liquid height (h) in the exchange chamber according to at least said first operating parameter (X _out ).

2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first operating parameter (X _out ) is the pressure (P _out ) measured above the liquid volume in the exchange chamber (2).

3. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first operating parameter (X _out ) is the temperature (T _out ) of the output air flow (F').

4. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the first operating parameter (X _out ) is the concentration (C _out ) of the component in the output gas stream (F').

5. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises second measuring means (8) for measuring the second operating parameter (X _in ) outside the output air flow (F') 8'), characterized in that the electronic regulating device (9) can automatically control the liquid supply device (3; 4) of the exchange chamber (2) and the liquid discharge device (3; 5) of the exchange chamber (2), so as to also The liquid height (h) in the exchange chamber (2) is automatically adjusted according to said second operating parameter (X _in ).

6. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that second measuring means (8) are capable of measuring the second operating parameter (X _in ) in the incoming air flow (F).

7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the second operating parameter (X _in ) is the pressure (P _in ) measured in the incoming gas flow (F).

8. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the second operating parameter (X _in ) is the temperature (T _in ) of the incoming gas flow (F).

9. Apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that the second operating parameter (X _in ) is the concentration (C _in ) of the component in the incoming gas stream (F).

10. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the second operating parameter (X _in ) is the concentration (CL _in ) of the compound in the liquid outside the exchange chamber (2).

11. Device according to claim 5, characterized _in that the second operating parameter (Xin) is the pH value ( _pHin ) of the liquid outside the exchange chamber (2).

12. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the electronic regulating means (9) are capable of automatically controlling the exchange chamber (2) according to the difference between the first operating parameter (X _out ) and the second operating parameter (X _in ) The liquid supply device (3; 4) and the liquid discharge device (3; 5) of the exchange chamber (2).

13. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the liquid supply means (3; 4) for supplying liquid to the exchange chamber (2) comprise a liquid (L) reservoir (3) , the lower part of the exchange chamber (2) comprises at least one liquid inlet (2a) and is immersed in a liquid reservoir (3).

14. Apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the liquid reservoir (3) is sealed such that the pressure (Pin) above the liquid _in the liquid reservoir (3) is equal to the incoming gas flow (F) pressure in.

15. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the electronic regulating device (9) can automatically control the liquid supply device (3; 4) of the exchange chamber and the liquid discharge device (3) of the exchange chamber 5), so as to be based on the parameters measured in the liquid of the exchange chamber (2) or from the liquid from the exchange chamber (2) and/or the parameters measured in the new liquid before introduction into the exchange chamber (2), and The liquid in the exchange chamber (2) can be updated continuously or intermittently according to parameters measured in the incoming gas flow (F) and/or parameters measured in the outgoing gas flow (F').

16. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the second operating parameter (Xin) is the pH value ( _{pHin) in} _the new liquid before introduction into the exchange chamber (2).

17. The device according to the preceding claim 15, characterized in that the electronic regulation means (9) are able to automatically control the liquid supply means (3; 4) of the exchange chamber and the liquid discharge means (3; 5) of the exchange chamber in order to According to the pH of the liquid and/or in the liquid measured in the liquid in the exchange chamber (2) or in the liquid from the exchange chamber (2) and/or in the new liquid before introduction into the exchange chamber (2) The concentration of the compound and/or the liquid temperature, and/or the gas stream temperature measured in the incoming gas stream (F) and/or the gas stream temperature or the concentration of the components in the gas stream measured in the outgoing gas stream (F'), can be continuously or The liquid in the exchange chamber (2) is refreshed intermittently.

18. Use of at least one device according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it is used to prepare at least one gas flow (F') by making the incoming gas flow (F') ) is processed through the volume of liquid contained in the exchange chamber (2) of the device.

19. Use according to claim 18, characterised in that the device is used for filtering and/or purifying and/or cooling and/or heating the incoming gas stream (F).

20. Use according to claim 18 or 19, characterised in that the device is used to treat one of the following gas streams: an incoming air stream (F) originating from combustion; or an incoming air stream (F) containing industrial fumes ( F); or a gas stream containing at least one compound selected from the group consisting of nitrogen oxides NO _x , volatile organic compounds VOC, sulfur oxides SO _x , polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons HAP, CO, CO ₂ , NH ₃ , chlorine amine.

21. The use according to claim 20, wherein the industrial flue gas is high temperature industrial flue gas.