CN111650097B - High-speed sampling data processing method of aerodynamic particle size and concentration detector - Google Patents
High-speed sampling data processing method of aerodynamic particle size and concentration detector Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-speed sampling data processing method of an aerodynamic particle size and concentration detector, which comprises the steps of firstly utilizing the particle calibration of the known particle size to obtain a standard curve; then when the particles fly to the detection area, the flying condition is divided, the first electric signal wave and the second electric signal wave have a stable waveform in the conventional condition, the aerodynamic particle size and the light dispersion particle size are directly calculated at the moment, and the two particles fly to the detection area to be detected in the special condition, so that the first electric signal wave and the second electric signal wave have two continuous waveforms, and then the analysis and calculation are carried out according to the shapes of the two waveforms and the receiving sequence.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a data processing method, in particular to a high-speed sampling data processing method of an aerodynamic particle size and concentration detector.
Background
In the atmosphere, pollutants are mostly attached to the surfaces of aerosol particles, the particle size of the aerosol is generally 0.001-100 microns, and it is found that particles with aerodynamic diameters of more than 50 microns cannot enter the respiratory tract of a human body due to gravity, particles with aerodynamic diameters of 10-50 microns can only enter the nasopharynx part, particles with aerodynamic diameters of 2.5-10 microns can usually enter the bronchus, and 80% of particles with aerodynamic diameters of less than 2.5 microns can enter the alveoli of the human body. The particle size and concentration of the particulate matter are detected mainly by three modes: 1. detecting by a balance method; 2. detecting light scattering; 3. detecting by using an aerodynamic mode; the aerodynamic particle size and concentration detector is a third detection instrument, the principle is that two parallel beams of light are irradiated on a detection area, dust-containing sample gas can reflect the light to be detected by two photoelectric detectors after passing through the detection area, and the time of detecting signals by the two photoelectric detectors is utilized to judge the flight time of particles, so that the time of the particles with different masses flying for the same distance is different based on fluid dynamics and aerodynamics, therefore, the aerodynamic particle size of the particles is obtained, and the particles are finally converted into the concentration of the particles.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the processing method can perform different calculations according to different conditions of dust passing through a detection area, so that the detection result of the dust is more accurate.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a high-speed sampling data processing method of an aerodynamic particle size and concentration detector is characterized in that sampled sample gas is accelerated by a particle accelerating nozzle and then linearly passes through a detection area, two non-overlapped and parallel first laser beams and two non-overlapped and parallel second laser beams are used for irradiating in the detection area, particles scatter the first laser beams and the second laser beams and then converge the first laser beams and the second laser beams on a first photoelectric detector and a second photoelectric detector through an ellipsoidal mirror, and the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector respectively convert detected first optical signals into first electric signal waves and convert detected second optical signals into second electric signal waves; the data processing method processes a first electric signal wave and a second electric signal wave, and comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively calibrating a plurality of known standard particles with different particle sizes, and obtaining corresponding standard first electric signal waves and second electric signal waves when the known standard particles with different particle sizes pass through a detection area; drawing a standard curve of aerodynamic particle size, flight time, standard particle size and scattered light intensity based on aerodynamics and fluid dynamics;
s2, setting a signal trigger limit value of the first photoelectric detector as D according to the receiving condition of the intensity of the heat radiation light in the step S1 01 Reference line, the signal trigger limit value of the second photoelectric detector is D 02 A reference line, and D 01 Is less than D 02 ；
S3, when the signal intensity of the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size cannot be in the range D 01 A stable waveform is formed above the reference line, and the signal intensity of the second electric signal wave cannot be in D 02 When a stable waveform is formed above the datum line, the particle size of the particle is judged to be less than 0.5 mu m, the particle is independently used as a particle number value set, and error correction is carried out according to the number of the particles;
s4, when the particles with unknown particle sizes generate a first electric signal wave at D 01 Forming a stable waveform above the reference line, and the second electric signal wave is in D 02 When a datum line forms a stable waveform, and the time difference of the two stable waveforms is within a set detection clock range, calculating the time difference between the wave crests of the two stable waveforms and the peak height of the waveform, wherein the peak height of the waveform directly corresponds to the light scattering intensity of the particles, and then directly corresponding the detection result with data in a standard curve to obtain the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the unknown particles;
s5, when the signal of the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size is in D 01 Two stable continuous waveforms are arranged above the reference line, and the signal of the second electric signal wave is in D 02 When two stable continuous waveforms are also arranged on the reference line, the particles with unknown particle diameters are obtained to be two particles and almost simultaneously enter a detection area, and two waveforms formed by the first electric signal wave are defined as a waveform A respectively 1 And A 2 Comparing the two waveforms of the first electric signal wave with the two waveforms of the second electric signal wave;
if A 1 And A 2 Is different from the waveform of (A) in that the second electric signal wave is formed into two waveforms 1 The same or similar wave forms are positioned as B 1 And A 2 The same or similar wave forms are positioned as B 2 At this time, A is calculated 1 And B 1 Time difference between peaks and peak height of waveform, A 2 And B 2 Sum wave of time difference between wave peaksThe peak height of the shape is obtained, and then the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the two unknown particles are obtained according to the mode in the step S4 and the standard curve;
if A is 1 And A 2 Is the same or similar, and two waveforms formed by the second electric signal wave are defined as B 1 And B 2 And satisfies the waveform A 1 Prior to A 2 Receive, waveform B 1 Before B 2 Receive, at this time, calculate A 1 And B 1 Time difference between peaks and peak height of waveform, A 2 And B 2 The time difference between the wave crests and the peak height of the waveform are obtained, and then the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the two unknown particles are obtained according to the mode in the step S4 and the standard curve;
s6, when the signal of the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size is in D 01 Forming a stable waveform above the reference line, and simultaneously generating a second electric signal wave at D 02 When the datum line forms a stable waveform, and the time difference of the two stable waveforms exceeds the set detection clock; at this time, the light dispersion particle diameter is directly calculated by using the light dispersion intensity corresponding to the peak height of the peak.
Wherein, preferably, the signal intensity of the first electric signal wave generated when the particle with unknown particle size is D 01 Forming stable waveform above the reference line, and the signal intensity of the second electric signal wave generated simultaneously cannot be in D 02 When a stable waveform is formed above the reference line, the particle is judged to be more than 0.5 μm; at this time, the peak of the first electric signal wave is calculated, and the light dispersion particle size is directly calculated by using the light dispersion intensity corresponding to the peak height of the peak.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the invention has the effects that: the data processing method selects a proper calculation method according to the difference of the particles passing through the detection area, and the particles generally have the following conditions when passing through the detection area: 1. when the signal intensity of the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size cannot be in D 01 Forming stable waveform above the reference line, and the signal intensity of the second electric signal wave cannot be in D 02 When a stable waveform is formed above the reference line, the waveform is determinedThe particles have the particle size of less than 0.5 mu m and are independently used as a particle number set, and error correction is carried out according to the number of the particles; the result is not greatly influenced by the particles with very small particle sizes, and the particles can be collected according to the similar signals, and then the error is revised to ensure that the result is more accurate.
2. When the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size is in D 01 Forming a stable waveform above the reference line, and the second electric signal wave is in D 02 When a datum line forms a stable waveform, and the time difference of the two stable waveforms is within a set detection clock range, calculating the time difference between the wave crests of the two stable waveforms and the peak height of the waveform, wherein the peak height of the waveform directly corresponds to the light scattering intensity of the particles, and then directly corresponding the detection result with data in a standard curve to obtain the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the unknown particles.
3. When the signal of the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size is in D 01 Two stable continuous waveforms are arranged above the reference line, and the signal of the second electric signal wave is in D 02 When two stable continuous waveforms are also arranged on the reference line, the particles with unknown particle diameters are obtained to be two particles and almost simultaneously enter a detection area, and two waveforms formed by the first electric signal wave are defined as a waveform A respectively 1 And A 2 Comparing the two waveforms of the first electric signal wave with the two waveforms formed by the second electric signal wave;
if A 1 And A 2 Is different from the waveform of (A) in two waveforms formed by the second electric signal wave 1 The same or similar wave forms are positioned as B 1 And A 2 The same or similar waveforms are positioned as B 2 At this time, A is calculated 1 And B 1 Time difference between peaks and peak height of waveform, A 2 And B 2 Time difference between peaks and peak height of waveformThen, obtaining the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the two unknown particles according to the mode in the step S4 and the standard curve;
if A is 1 And A 2 Is the same or similar, and two waveforms formed by the second electric signal wave are defined as B 1 And B 2 And satisfies the waveform A 1 Prior to A 2 Receive, waveform B 1 Prior to B 2 Receive, at this point, calculate A 1 And B 1 Time difference between peaks and peak height of waveform, A 2 And B 2 The time difference between the wave crests and the peak height of the waveform, and then the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the two unknown particles are obtained correspondingly with the standard curve according to the mode in the step S4; this particle flight situation is subdivided into two cases,
wherein when A 1 And A 2 When the waveforms of (a) and (b) are different, it is indicated that the particle diameters of the two particles entering the detection region at the same time are actually different, and therefore, the second electric signal wave obtained by scattering the two particles having different particle diameters is certainly the same as that of the first electric signal wave obtained by scattering the particles having different particle diameters 1 And A 2 B with identical or similar waveform 1 And B 2 Thus, by analyzing the time difference between the same or similar waveforms and the height of the peak, the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the two particles can be accurately distinguished and calculated.
When A is 1 And A 2 The waveforms of the two particles are the same or similar, and the description shows that two particles with very similar particle sizes enter the detection area at the same time, so that only the particle size according to A is needed 1 And A 2 、B 1 And B 2 The received orders are compared, and under the condition that the particle diameters are relatively close, when two particles flow along with the same sample gas, A is generated firstly 1 The first particle of the wave, will also first generate waveform B 1 Therefore, the best effect is judged according to the sequence of signal receiving, and the data analysis is also the fastest.
4. When the signal of the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size is in D 01 Forming a stable waveform above the reference line, and simultaneously generating a second electric signal wave at D 02 When the reference line forms a stable waveform, and the time difference of the two stable waveforms exceeds the set detection clock; that is to say, the particle diameter of the particle at this time is relatively large, so that the flying time is too long and exceeds the detection clock, the detection clock is the time difference of receiving the first electric signal wave and the second electric signal wave, and thus, the particle is not analyzed by using the aerodynamic particle diameter, and the second electric signal wave corresponding to the first electric signal wave is not required to be searched and analyzed, so that the data processing can be reduced, the operation is simplified, and meanwhile, the light dispersion particle diameter is directly calculated by using the light dispersion intensity corresponding to the peak height of the peak, and the light dispersion signal intensity is enough to satisfy the analysis and judgment of the light dispersion particle diameter because the particle diameter of the particle is very large.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below with reference to specific examples.
A high-speed sampling data processing method of an aerodynamic particle size and concentration detector is characterized in that sampled sample gas is accelerated by a particle accelerating nozzle and then linearly passes through a detection area, two non-overlapped and parallel first laser beams and two non-overlapped and parallel second laser beams are used for irradiating in the detection area, particles scatter the first laser beams and the second laser beams and then converge the first laser beams and the second laser beams on a first photoelectric detector and a second photoelectric detector through an ellipsoidal mirror, and the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector respectively convert detected first optical signals into first electric signal waves and convert detected second optical signals into second electric signal waves; the data processing method processes the first electric signal wave and the second electric signal wave, the processes are realized in an aerodynamic particle size and concentration detector, and during detection, the detector is communicated with a sampling pump, and the sampling pump is used as sampling power.
The high-speed sampling data processing method is used for analyzing and processing data detected in a detection instrument to quickly obtain aerodynamic particle size and light scattering particle size, and comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively calibrating a plurality of known standard particles with different particle sizes, and obtaining corresponding standard first electric signal waves and second electric signal waves when the known standard particles with different particle sizes pass through a detection area; drawing a standard curve of aerodynamic particle size, flight time, standard particle size and scattered light intensity based on aerodynamics and fluid dynamics; this step is carried out by calibration with standard particles, thus obtaining a standard curve, which is used as a comparison reference for the detection of particles of unknown particle size.
S2, setting a signal trigger limit value of the first photoelectric detector as D according to the receiving condition of the intensity of the heat radiation light in the step S1 01 Reference line, the signal trigger limit value of the second photoelectric detector is D 02 A reference line, and D 01 Is less than D 02 : wherein D is 01 Base line and D 02 The reference line is the actual sensitivity of the first photodetector and the second photodetector obtained in the calibration process in step 1.
S3, when the signal intensity of the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size cannot be in D 01 A stable waveform is formed above the reference line, and the signal intensity of the second electric signal wave cannot be in D 02 When a stable waveform is formed above the datum line, the particle size of the particle is judged to be less than 0.5 mu m, the particle is independently used as a particle number value set, and error correction is carried out according to the number of the particles; the error correction method is as follows: 1. whether the detection result of the particulate matters needs to be calculated into a final result or not is judged according to the number of the particles, the judgment can be carried out according to the ratio of the number of the particles to the number of the particles in the whole detection process, and when the ratio of the number of the particles exceeds a set value, the number of the particles is subjected to compromise calculation, and the calculation is carried out by 0.25 mu m. If the proportion of the particulate matters is lower than the set value, the particulate matters are ignored, and the more accurate dust concentration can be obtained through the error correction mode.
S4, when the particles with unknown particle sizes generate a first electric signal wave at D 01 Forming a stable waveform above the reference line, and the second electric signal wave is in D 02 When the datum line forms a stable waveform and the time difference of the two stable waveforms is within the set detection clock range, calculating the wave crests of the two stable waveformsThe time difference between the two particles and the peak height of the waveform directly correspond to the light scattering intensity of the particles, and then the detection result directly corresponds to the data in the standard curve to obtain the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the unknown particles; the flying condition of the particles is the most common and the most common condition, and the particles are compressed to be arranged one by one after passing through the particle accelerating nozzle, so the condition is the most common detection condition of an aerodynamic particle size and concentration detector. Most of the aerodynamic particle size and concentration detectors on the market calculate the aerodynamic particle size and concentration according to the ideal flight state of the particles.
S5, when the signal of the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size is in D 01 Two stable continuous waveforms are arranged above the reference line, and the signal of the second electric signal wave is in D 02 When two stable continuous waveforms are also arranged on the reference line, the particles with unknown particle diameters are obtained to be two particles and almost simultaneously enter a detection area, and two waveforms formed by the first electric signal wave are defined as a waveform A respectively 1 And A 2 Comparing the two waveforms of the first electric signal wave with the two waveforms formed by the second electric signal wave;
if A 1 And A 2 Is different from the waveform of (A) in two waveforms formed by the second electric signal wave 1 The same or similar waveforms are positioned as B 1 And A 2 The same or similar wave forms are positioned as B 2 At this time, A is calculated 1 And B 1 Time difference between peaks and peak height of waveform, A 2 And B 2 The time difference between the wave crests and the peak height of the waveform are obtained, and then the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the two unknown particles are obtained according to the mode in the step S4 and the standard curve; a. The 1 And A 2 When the waveforms of (a) and (b) are different, it is said that the particle diameters of two particles entering the detection region at the same time are actually different, and therefore, the second electric signal wave obtained by scattering of two particles having different particle diameters is certainly the same as that of a 1 And A 2 B with identical or similar waveform 1 And B 2 Thus by analysing identical or similar waveformsThe time difference between the two particles and the height of the peak can be accurately distinguished and the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the two particles can be calculated.
If A 1 And A 2 The waveforms of the first and second electric signals are identical or similar, and two waveforms formed by the second electric signal wave are defined as B 1 And B 2 And satisfies the waveform A 1 Prior to A 2 Receive, waveform B 1 Prior to B 2 Receive, at this point, calculate A 1 And B 1 Time difference between peaks and peak height of waveform, A 2 And B 2 The time difference between the wave crests and the peak height of the waveform, and then the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the two unknown particles are obtained correspondingly with the standard curve according to the mode in the step S4;
when A is 1 And A 2 The waveforms of the two particles are the same or similar, and the description shows that two particles with very similar particle sizes enter the detection area at the same time, so that only the particle size according to A is needed 1 And A 2 、B 1 And B 2 The received orders are compared, and under the condition that the particle diameters are relatively close, when two particles flow along with the same sample gas, A is generated firstly 1 The first particle of the wave, will also first produce waveform B 1 Therefore, the best effect is judged according to the sequence of signal receiving, and the data analysis is also the fastest.
The data analysis processing method can reduce the problem that the particles are not completely separated and arranged in the acceleration process of the particle acceleration nozzle of the detector through an algorithm, thereby effectively reducing errors and improving the accuracy.
S6, when the signal of the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size is in D 01 Forming a stable waveform above the reference line, and simultaneously, the signal of the second electric signal wave is in D 02 When the reference line forms a stable waveform, and the time difference of the two stable waveforms exceeds the set detection clock; at this time, the light dispersion particle diameter is directly calculated by using the light dispersion intensity corresponding to the peak height of the peak. This particle is thus not analyzed by the aerodynamic particle size, which eliminates the need to search for and analyze a second electrical signal wave corresponding to the first electrical signal wave, sinceIn order to judge the second electric signal wave generated by the particle by taking a longer time to exceed the data of the detection clock, the processing of data can be reduced, the operation is simplified, meanwhile, the light scattering particle size is directly calculated by using the light scattering intensity corresponding to the peak height of the peak, and the light scattering signal intensity is enough to satisfy the analysis and judgment of the light scattering particle size because the particle size of the particle is very large.
Wherein, preferably, the signal intensity of the first electric signal wave generated when the particle with unknown particle size is D 01 A stable waveform is formed above the reference line, and the signal intensity of the second electric signal wave generated at the same time cannot be in D 02 When a stable waveform is formed above the reference line, the particle is judged to be more than 0.5 mu m; at this time, the peak of the first electric signal wave is calculated, and the light dispersion particle size is directly calculated by using the light dispersion intensity corresponding to the peak height of the peak. This is because the particle size of such particles is also relatively small, just slightly larger than 0.5 μm, and in this case the first photodetector with the relatively high sensitivity can detect, and therefore the signal intensity of the first electrical signal wave at D can be detected 01 A stable waveform is formed above the reference line, but the second photoelectric detector with lower sensitivity cannot detect the stable waveform, and at the moment, the light dispersion particle size of the particles can be detected according to the light dispersion intensity, so that the result of the concentration of the particulate matters is more accurate.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely descriptions of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and alterations made to the technical solution of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (2)
1. The high-speed sampling data processing method of the aerodynamic particle size and concentration detector is characterized in that: the particle acceleration nozzle is used for accelerating the sampled sample gas to pass through a detection area in a straight line mode, two non-overlapping and parallel first laser beams and two non-overlapping and parallel second laser beams are used for irradiating the detection area, particles scatter the first laser beams and the second laser beams and then converge the first laser beams and the second laser beams on a first photoelectric detector and a second photoelectric detector through an ellipsoidal mirror, and the first photoelectric detector and the second photoelectric detector respectively convert detected first optical signals into first electric signal waves and convert second optical signals into second electric signal waves; the data processing method processes a first electric signal wave and a second electric signal wave, and comprises the following steps:
s1, respectively calibrating a plurality of known standard particles with different particle sizes, and obtaining corresponding standard first electric signal waves and second electric signal waves when the known standard particles with different particle sizes pass through a detection area; drawing a standard curve of aerodynamic particle size, flight time, standard particle size and scattered light intensity based on aerodynamics and fluid dynamics;
s2, setting a signal trigger limit value of the first photoelectric detector as D according to the receiving condition of the intensity of the heat radiation light in the step S1 01 A reference line, a signal trigger limit value of the second photoelectric detector is D 02 A reference line, and D 01 Is less than D 02 ；
S3, when the signal intensity of the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size cannot be in D 01 A stable waveform is formed above the reference line, and the signal intensity of the second electric signal wave cannot be in D 02 When a stable waveform is formed above the datum line, the particle size of the particle is judged to be less than 0.5 mu m, the particle is independently used as a particle number value set, and error correction is carried out according to the number of the particles;
s4, when the particles with unknown particle sizes generate a first electric signal wave at D 01 Forming a stable waveform above the reference line, and the second electric signal wave is in D 02 When a datum line forms a stable waveform, and the time difference of the two stable waveforms is within a set detection clock range, calculating the time difference between the wave crests of the two stable waveforms and the peak height of the waveform, wherein the peak height of the waveform directly corresponds to the light scattering intensity of the particles, and then directly corresponding the detection result with data in a standard curve to obtain the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the unknown particles;
s5, when the signal of the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size is in D 01 With two stable continuations above the datum lineAnd the signal of the second electric signal wave is at D 02 When two stable continuous waveforms are also arranged on the reference line, the particles with unknown particle diameters are obtained to be two particles and almost simultaneously enter a detection area, and two waveforms formed by the first electric signal wave are defined as a waveform A respectively 1 And A 2 Comparing the two waveforms of the first electric signal wave with the two waveforms of the second electric signal wave;
if A 1 And A 2 Is different from the waveform of (A) in that the second electric signal wave is formed into two waveforms 1 The same or similar waveforms are positioned as B 1 And A 2 The same or similar waveforms are positioned as B 2 At this time, A is calculated 1 And B 1 Time difference between peaks and peak height of waveform, A 2 And B 2 The time difference between the wave crests and the peak height of the waveform are obtained, and then the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the two unknown particles are obtained according to the mode in the step S4 and the standard curve;
if A is 1 And A 2 The waveforms of the first and second electric signals are identical or similar, and two waveforms formed by the second electric signal wave are defined as B 1 And B 2 And satisfies the waveform A 1 Prior to A 2 Receive, waveform B 1 Prior to B 2 Receive, at this point, calculate A 1 And B 1 Time difference between peaks and peak height of waveform, A 2 And B 2 The time difference between the wave crests and the peak height of the waveform, and then the aerodynamic particle size and the light scattering particle size of the two unknown particles are obtained correspondingly with the standard curve according to the mode in the step S4;
s6, when the signal of the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size is in D 01 Forming a stable waveform above the reference line, and simultaneously, the signal of the second electric signal wave is in D 02 When the datum line forms a stable waveform, and the time difference of the two stable waveforms exceeds the set detection clock; at this time, the light dispersion particle diameter is directly calculated by using the light dispersion intensity corresponding to the peak height of the peak.
2. The aerodynamic particle size and concentration of claim 1The high-speed sampling data processing method of the detector is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the signal intensity of the first electric signal wave generated by the particles with unknown particle size is D 01 A stable waveform is formed above the reference line, and the signal intensity of the second electric signal wave generated at the same time cannot be in D 02 When a stable waveform is formed above the reference line, the particle is judged to be more than 0.5 μm; at this time, the peak of the first electric signal wave is calculated, and the light dispersion particle size is directly calculated by using the light dispersion intensity corresponding to the peak height of the peak.
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