CN112780273B - Highly impact-resistant and anti-falling polycrystalline diamond carbide pick head and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Highly impact-resistant and anti-falling polycrystalline diamond carbide pick head and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
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- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/02—Compacting only
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
- B22F3/14—Both compacting and sintering simultaneously
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
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- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/06—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools
- B22F7/08—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of composite workpieces or articles from parts, e.g. to form tipped tools with one or more parts not made from powder
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- E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
- E01C23/00—Auxiliary devices or arrangements for constructing, repairing, reconditioning, or taking-up road or like surfaces
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
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- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
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- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高抗冲击抗脱落聚晶金刚石硬质合金截齿头，包括硬质合金基体以及复合于硬质合金基体头部的聚晶金刚石层，聚晶金刚石层为N层结构，N大于或等于2，聚晶金刚石层的顶部为球冠形状，聚晶金刚石层的腹部为圆弧旋转一周形成的球面，聚晶金刚石层的顶部球面半径小于或等于腹部球面半径；所述硬质合金基体设置有顶部、中部和底部，硬质合金基体的顶部复合有聚晶金刚石层，硬质合金基体的中部为圆台结构，硬质合金基体的中部圆台其上底面半径小于下底面半径。本发明提出的高抗冲击抗脱落聚晶金刚石硬质合金截齿头，可有效改善复合齿头抗冲击性，同时增强金刚石齿头固齿力。
The present invention discloses a highly impact-resistant and anti-shedding polycrystalline diamond carbide pick head, comprising a carbide substrate and a polycrystalline diamond layer compounded on the head of the carbide substrate, wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer is an N-layer structure, wherein N is greater than or equal to 2, wherein the top of the polycrystalline diamond layer is in the shape of a spherical crown, and the belly of the polycrystalline diamond layer is a spherical surface formed by a circular arc rotation, and the top spherical surface radius of the polycrystalline diamond layer is less than or equal to the belly spherical surface radius; the carbide substrate is provided with a top, a middle and a bottom, wherein the top of the carbide substrate is compounded with a polycrystalline diamond layer, and the middle part of the carbide substrate is a truncated cone structure, and the upper bottom surface radius of the middle truncated cone of the carbide substrate is less than the lower bottom surface radius. The highly impact-resistant and anti-shedding polycrystalline diamond carbide pick head proposed by the present invention can effectively improve the impact resistance of the composite tooth head, and at the same time enhance the tooth fixing force of the diamond tooth head.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of superhard composite materials, in particular to a high-impact-resistance anti-falling polycrystalline diamond hard alloy cutting pick head and a manufacturing method thereof.
Background
The traditional engineering construction of coal and mineral drilling, tunneling, roadway driving, road milling and the like basically adopts a hard alloy cutting pick head. However, the hard alloy cutting pick head has the problems of low wear resistance, short service life and the like in the use process, and particularly when encountering hard or complex rock stratum, the service life of the hard alloy cutting pick head is almost calculated according to minutes and the footage is calculated according to meters, so that the comprehensive use cost is high and the efficiency is low. For this reason, many manufacturers have been working on developing polycrystalline diamond cemented carbide composite pick heads (hereinafter referred to as "diamond pick heads") to replace cemented carbide pick heads. The existing diamond tooth head is generally formed by sintering a hard alloy matrix with the shape similar to that of the tooth head and diamond powder at the end part of the matrix, so that the high wear-resistant characteristic of a diamond layer is realized, but due to the inherent differences of physical indexes such as thermal expansion coefficient, elastic modulus and the like between diamond materials and the hard alloy materials, and the diamond powder, especially the powder at the top part of the tooth head, is thinner, so that the impact resistance of the diamond tooth head is low, and the use of the tooth cutting high-frequency impact working condition is difficult to meet. Meanwhile, the diamond material generates problems of graphitization, high-temperature damage and the like in the air at a temperature of more than 850 ℃, so that cutting teeth of the diamond tooth head (hereinafter referred to as diamond cutting teeth) cannot be carried out according to a high-temperature process of generally more than 900 ℃ in the welding process, and therefore, the welding firmness and heat resistance of the diamond tooth head on the diamond cutting teeth also become key factors for restricting the subsequent construction application performance of the cutting teeth.
The proper welding temperature should not exceed 700 ℃ aiming at the material and structural characteristics of the diamond tooth head. The existing diamond tooth head matrix welding part is generally of a cylindrical structure, the tooth fixing force is weak, the welding temperature is relatively low, the problems of sand inclusion, microcrack, cold joint and the like easily occur in welding, and the working conditions of strong impact load and the like in use cause the diamond tooth head to be unwelded and shed frequently in construction.
At present, aiming at the problem of tooth stripping in the application of diamond cutting tooth engineering, various measures such as cold press interference fit, hot press interference fit, flame brazing, induction brazing, vacuum diffusion welding and the like are researched and proposed, and the problem is difficult to fundamentally solve. Aiming at the problem of insufficient impact resistance of the diamond pick head in the welding and application of the diamond pick, various measures are proposed, such as adding various structures such as bulges and ribs on the bonding interface of the matrix and the diamond layer so as to enhance the bonding force between the matrix and the diamond layer. The shape or structure of the diamond tooth head is changed so as to reduce the impact strength and stress distribution of the tooth head in use. These measures are advantageous for improving the static adhesion of the diamond layer, but not sufficient for the radical improvement of the impact resistance of the diamond bit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a high impact-resistant anti-falling polycrystalline diamond hard alloy pick head and a manufacturing method thereof, which aim to effectively improve the impact resistance of a composite pick head and enhance the tooth fixing force of the diamond pick head so as to reduce the falling risk of the diamond pick head to a greater extent.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a high impact-resistant anti-falling polycrystalline diamond hard alloy pick head, which comprises a hard alloy matrix and a polycrystalline diamond layer compounded on the hard alloy matrix head, wherein,
The polycrystalline diamond layer is of an N-layer structure, N is greater than or equal to 2, the top of the polycrystalline diamond layer is in a spherical crown shape, the abdomen of the polycrystalline diamond layer is a spherical surface formed by circular arc rotation for one circle, the top and the abdomen of the polycrystalline diamond layer are smoothly transited through round corners, and the spherical radius of the top of the polycrystalline diamond layer is smaller than or equal to the spherical radius of the abdomen;
The hard alloy substrate is provided with a top, a middle part and a bottom, the top of the hard alloy substrate is compounded with a polycrystalline diamond layer, the middle part of the hard alloy substrate is of a round platform structure, the bottom of the hard alloy substrate is of at least two layers of round platform structures, and the radius of the upper bottom surface of the round platform of the middle part of the hard alloy substrate is smaller than that of the lower bottom surface.
Preferably, the spherical radius of the spherical crown structure at the top of the polycrystalline diamond layer is 0.5mm-5mm, and the spherical radius of the abdomen of the polycrystalline diamond layer is 5mm-45mm.
Preferably, the top of the hard alloy substrate is in a truncated cone structure, the upper bottom surface and the side surface of the truncated cone of the top of the hard alloy substrate are in smooth transition through an arc, and the radius of the upper bottom surface of the truncated cone of the top of the hard alloy substrate is smaller than that of the lower bottom surface.
Preferably, the included angle of the corresponding hypotenuse of the longitudinal section of the truncated cone at the top of the hard alloy matrix is 30-150 degrees, hard alloy matrix top round table the side surface is provided with a convex edge, on the side surface is provided with a convex edge.
Preferably, the arc radius of the convex rib is 0.1mm-3mm, and the height of the convex rib perpendicular to the side surface of the round platform is 0.1mm-3mm.
Preferably, the lower bottom surface of the top truncated cone of the hard alloy substrate and the upper bottom surface of the middle truncated cone are on the same plane, the radius of the lower bottom surface of the top truncated cone is smaller than or equal to the radius of the upper bottom surface of the middle truncated cone, and the included angle alpha 2 of the longitudinal section of the middle truncated cone of the hard alloy substrate corresponding to the bevel edge is 0.5-45 degrees.
The polycrystalline diamond layer is formed by mixing and sintering diamond, tungsten carbide, cobalt, tungsten and nickel with micrometer and/or nanometer size, wherein the Nth layer of average grain size value of powder is larger than or equal to the N-1 th layer, and the Nth layer of diamond powder content percentage value in the powder is smaller than or equal to the N-1 th layer.
Preferably, the tops of the 2 nd layer to the N th layer of the polycrystalline diamond layer are all round platforms, the 2 nd layer to the N th layer of the polycrystalline diamond layer are spherical surfaces formed by circular arc rotation, the 2 nd layer to the N th layer of the polycrystalline diamond layer and the abdomen are in smooth transition through round angles, the radius of the round platform at the top of the N-1 th layer is smaller than or equal to that of the N th layer, and the spherical radius of the abdomen of the N th layer is larger than or equal to that of the abdomen of the N-1 th layer.
The invention further provides a preparation method of the high impact-resistant anti-falling polycrystalline diamond hard alloy pick head, which comprises the following steps:
Performing sand blasting treatment on the top of the hard alloy matrix, ultrasonically cleaning, and drying for later use;
Mixing powder materials used for different layers of the polycrystalline diamond layer respectively, weighing the mixed powder materials, filling the mixed powder materials into a metal cup for compaction molding, and sequentially molding from outside to inside to prepare each powder material layer;
Placing the formed diamond Nth layer powder on a treated hard alloy matrix, and compacting the hard alloy matrix, the diamond mixed powder and the metal cup to form a synthetic die assembly No. 1;
Carrying out high-temperature vacuum purification treatment on the compacted assembly 1 #;
loading the assembly 1# subjected to high-temperature purification treatment into a synthesis die to form a complete diamond tooth head synthesis die assembly 2#;
sintering and forming the assembly No. 2 on a hexahedral top hydraulic press at high temperature and high pressure to obtain a diamond tooth head blank;
and (3) carrying out sand blasting on the diamond tooth head blank through a diamond end face, carrying out cylindrical grinding, carrying out plane and chamfer grinding on the hard alloy end face, and processing the diamond tooth head blank into a diamond tooth head finished product with the required external dimension.
Preferably, the temperature is 500-900 ℃ during high-temperature vacuum purification treatment, the vacuum degree value is 10 -2Pa-10-4 Pa, and the temperature is 1300-1700 ℃ and the pressure is 4.5GPa-8.5GPa when the high-temperature high-pressure sintered molding is placed in a pressure cavity of a hexahedral hydraulic press.
The high impact-resistant anti-falling polycrystalline diamond hard alloy cutting pick head provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the diamond layer of the diamond tooth head is provided with a transition layer structure with multiple layers of components and structures, particularly, the top of the tooth head is provided with a multi-layer thickened transition layer structure, so that smooth transition between the elastic modulus, the thermal expansion coefficient and the like of the diamond surface layer, particularly the tooth head part and the hard alloy layer is effectively realized, and the overall impact strength of the composite cutting pick head is greatly enhanced;
2. Through improving into round platform structure by cylinder structure at diamond tooth head middle part welded part, and the radius of bottom surface is less than the radius of bottom surface on the middle part round platform, this structure makes the welding fastness reinforcing of tooth head in pick tooth cave, can effectively reduce the tooth head and excavate the risk that drops under the high frequency external force impact of in-process tunneling and milling, effectively promotes diamond pick high efficiency and low cost advantage in engineering construction.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a high impact resistant and anti-drop polycrystalline diamond hard alloy pick head of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the physical structure of a cemented carbide substrate in a first embodiment of a high impact resistant and anti-slip polycrystalline diamond cemented carbide pick head of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a second embodiment of a high impact resistant and anti-drop polycrystalline diamond hard alloy pick head of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a diamond tooth tip synthesis die assembly 2# according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a method of manufacturing a polycrystalline diamond hard alloy pick head with high impact resistance and anti-drop properties according to the present invention.
In the figure, 1-cemented carbide substrate, 11-top of cemented carbide substrate, 111-bead, 12-middle of cemented carbide substrate, 13-bottom of cemented carbide substrate, 131-first bottom round table, 132-second bottom round table, 2-polycrystalline diamond layer, 21-top of polycrystalline diamond layer, 22-abdomen of polycrystalline diamond layer, 200-first layer of polycrystalline diamond layer, 201-second layer of polycrystalline diamond layer, 2011-circular platform, 202-third layer of polycrystalline diamond layer, 30-conductive steel ring, 31-metal sheet, 32-graphite sheet, 33-graphite ring, 34-sodium chloride, 40-assembly No. 1.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "transverse", "longitudinal", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The invention provides a high impact-resistant anti-falling polycrystalline diamond hard alloy cutting pick head.
Referring to fig. 1, 2 and 4, the present invention provides a first embodiment of a high impact resistant and anti-drop polycrystalline diamond cemented carbide pick head. In the embodiment, the high impact-resistant anti-falling polycrystalline diamond hard alloy pick head comprises a hard alloy matrix 1 and a polycrystalline diamond layer 2 composited on the head of the hard alloy matrix 1, wherein,
The polycrystalline diamond layer 2 is of an N-layer structure, N is greater than or equal to 2, the top of the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 is in a spherical crown shape, the abdomen of the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 is a spherical surface formed by circular arc rotation for one circle, the top and the abdomen of the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 are smoothly transited through round corners, and the spherical radius of the top of the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 is smaller than or equal to the spherical radius of the abdomen;
the cemented carbide substrate 1 is provided with top, middle part and bottom, and polycrystalline diamond layer 2 has been compounded to the top 11 of cemented carbide substrate 1, and the middle part 12 of cemented carbide substrate 1 is the round platform structure, and the bottom 13 of cemented carbide substrate 1 is two-layer round platform structure at least (in this embodiment, the bottom 13 of cemented carbide substrate 1 is two-layer round platform structure), and the radius of its upper bottom surface of the middle part 12 round platform of cemented carbide substrate 1 is less than the radius of lower bottom surface. The radius of the upper bottom surface of each bottom round table of the hard alloy substrate 1 is larger than that of the lower bottom surface.
Specifically, the spherical radius of the spherical crown structure at the top of the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 is 0.5mm to 5mm (in this embodiment, the spherical radius at the top of the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 is 1mm is illustrated as an example), and the spherical radius of the abdomen of the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 is 5mm to 45mm (in this embodiment, the spherical radius at the abdomen of the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 is 20mm as an example).
Specifically, the top 11 of the cemented carbide substrate 1 is in a truncated cone structure, the upper bottom surface and the side surface of the truncated cone of the top 11 of the cemented carbide substrate 1 are in smooth transition through an arc, and the radius of the upper bottom surface of the truncated cone of the top 11 of the cemented carbide substrate 1 is smaller than that of the lower bottom surface.
Specifically, the included angle alpha 1 of the corresponding hypotenuse angle of the longitudinal section of the top truncated cone of the hard alloy substrate 1 is 30 degrees to 150 degrees, the side surface of the truncated cone of the top truncated cone of the hard alloy substrate 1 is provided with a convex rib 111, the section of the convex rib 111 is arc-shaped (semicircular or partially circular), and the edge of the convex rib 111 is in smooth transition with the side surface of the truncated cone. The number of the ribs 111 is more than or equal to 1.
The radius of the arc of the cross section of the convex rib 111 is 0.1mm-3mm, and the height of the protrusion of the convex rib 111 perpendicular to the side surface of the round table is 0.1mm-3mm. The ribs 111 are intermittent or continuous annular.
Specifically, the lower bottom surface of the top truncated cone of the hard alloy substrate 1 and the upper bottom surface of the middle truncated cone of the hard alloy substrate 1 are on the same plane, the radius of the lower bottom surface of the top truncated cone is smaller than or equal to the radius of the upper bottom surface of the middle truncated cone, and the included angle alpha 2 of the corresponding hypotenuse of the longitudinal section of the middle truncated cone of the hard alloy substrate 1 is 0.5-45 degrees. The included angle alpha 3 of the longitudinal section of the first bottom round table 131 of the hard alloy substrate 1 corresponds to the inclined angle of 90 degrees to 180 degrees, and the included angle alpha 4 of the longitudinal section of the second bottom round table 132 corresponds to the inclined angle of 10 degrees to 120 degrees.
In this embodiment, the thickness of the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 is greater than or equal to 2mm.
The polycrystalline diamond layer 2 is formed by mixing and sintering diamond, tungsten carbide, cobalt, tungsten and nickel with micrometer and/or nanometer size, wherein the Nth layer of average grain size value of powder is larger than or equal to the Nth-1 layer, and the Nth layer of diamond powder content percentage value in the powder is smaller than or equal to the Nth-1 layer.
The 2 nd layer to the N th layer top of the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 are all round platforms 2011 (the round platforms 2011 refer to platforms formed by linear rotation), the 2 nd layer to the N th layer belly of the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 are all spherical surfaces formed by circular arc rotation, the 2 nd layer to the N th layer top and the belly of the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 are in smooth transition through round angles, the radius of the round platform 2011 at the N-1 th layer top is smaller than or equal to that of the N th layer, and the spherical radius of the belly of the N th layer is larger than or equal to that of the belly of the N-1 th layer.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the cemented carbide substrate 1 of the diamond tooth head has a structure that the radius of the upper bottom surface of the top 11 round table of the cemented carbide substrate 1 is 3mm, the radius of the lower bottom surface is 15mm, two ribs 111 are arranged on the side surface of the top round table, the section of each rib 111 is semicircular, the radius is 0.5mm, and the edge of each rib 111 is in smooth transition with the side surface of the round table. The height of the protrusions of the two convex edges 111 perpendicular to the side surface of the round table is 0.5mm. The radius R6 of the upper bottom surface of the middle 12 round table of the hard alloy matrix 1 is 15.97mm. The included angle alpha 1 of two oblique sides of the longitudinal section of the top round table is 85 degrees. The included angle alpha 2 of the two bevel edges 423 of the longitudinal section of the middle round table is 5 degrees. The included angle alpha 4 of two oblique sides of the longitudinal section of the first bottom round table 131 is 90 degrees. The included angle alpha 3 between two oblique sides of the longitudinal section of the second bottom round table 132 is 140 degrees.
The polycrystalline diamond layer 2 has a two-layer structure, namely a first layer 200 of polycrystalline diamond layer and a second layer 201 of polycrystalline diamond layer. The top of the first layer 200 of the polycrystalline diamond layer is in the shape of a spherical crown, the spherical radius is 1mm, the abdomen is a spherical surface formed by circular arc rotation, and the spherical radius is 20mm. The top of the second layer 201 of the polycrystalline diamond layer is a circular platform 2011, the radius is 2.0mm, the abdomen is a spherical surface formed by circular arc rotation, the spherical radius is 21mm, and the edge of the circular platform 2011 and the top of the abdomen of the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 are in smooth transition through a round angle R1.5 mm.
The preparation method of the high impact-resistant anti-falling polycrystalline diamond hard alloy cutting pick head is as follows.
Cemented carbide substrate 1 contained 10wt.% cobalt and 90wt.% WC, with WC grains of about 5 microns. And (3) grinding the excircle of the hard alloy to a required size, carrying out flat grinding to a required size, and processing and forming the conical surface to a required size by a universal excircle grinding machine. Sand blasting, ultrasonic cleaning for 30min, and drying for later use.
The first layer 200 of the polycrystalline diamond layer contains 75wt.% of diamond micropowder with the grain size of 4-15 microns, 14wt.% of WC-containing powder, 0.5 microns of WC-containing powder, 10wt.% of Co-containing powder, 0.3 microns of Co-containing powder, 1wt.% of W-containing powder and 0.3 microns of W-containing powder. The second layer 201 of the polycrystalline diamond layer contains 55wt.% of diamond micropowder, the diamond micropowder has a particle size of 15-50 microns, the WC-containing powder has a particle size of 35wt.%, the WC-containing powder has a particle size of 0.5 microns, the Co-containing powder has a particle size of 4wt.%, the Co-containing powder has a particle size of 0.3 microns, the W-containing powder has a particle size of 5wt.%, the W-containing powder has a particle size of 0.3 microns, the Ni-containing powder has a particle size of 1wt.%, and the Ni-containing powder has a particle size of 0.5 microns. The 2 kinds of powder materials are respectively weighed, absolute ethyl alcohol is added, the materials are mixed for 30 minutes on a planetary ball mill, and the materials are fully mixed and dried for standby.
Weighing the treated diamond layer mixed powder into a metal cup, compacting and modeling to prepare first layer powder, weighing the treated diamond layer mixed powder into the metal cup with the first layer powder, and compacting and modeling again on the basis of the first layer powder to prepare second layer powder.
The treated cemented carbide substrate 1 was placed on the shaped diamond two-layer powder with the top in contact with the diamond mix. And compacting the hard alloy matrix 1, the diamond mixed powder and the metal cup to form an assembly No. 1.
Carrying out high-temperature vacuum purification treatment on the compacted assembly 1# at a treatment temperature of 550 ℃ and a vacuum degree value of 10 -3 Pa;
And (3) loading the assembly 1# subjected to high-temperature purification treatment into a special synthetic die shown in fig. 4 to form a complete diamond composite pick head synthetic block assembly 2#.
And (3) sintering and forming the assembly No. 2 on a domestic hexahedral top hydraulic press at a high temperature and high pressure at about 1500 ℃ and 7.0GPa for about 35 minutes to obtain the diamond tooth head blank.
And (3) carrying out sand blasting on the diamond tooth head blank through a diamond end face, carrying out cylindrical grinding, carrying out plane and chamfer grinding on the hard alloy end face, and processing the diamond tooth head blank into a diamond tooth head finished product with the required external dimension.
The diamond tooth head of the first example is welded on a test fixture by adopting a welding wire made of Ag40Cu19Zn21Cd material at the welding temperature of about 620 degrees, and subjected to flame brazing to perform forward impact of a pendulum impact test, and an average impact frequency reaches 400 times under the condition of 150J of impact energy by using an HRC58.5 Cr12MoV impact block. After impact test, the diamond tooth head and the test fixture are welded firmly, and the tooth head is not loosened.
The present invention further contemplates a second embodiment of a high impact resistant and anti-shedding polycrystalline diamond cemented carbide pick head.
Referring to fig. 3, this embodiment differs from the first embodiment described above in that the polycrystalline diamond layer 2 has a three-layer structure, namely, a first layer 200 of polycrystalline diamond layer, a second layer 201 of polycrystalline diamond layer, and a third layer 202 of polycrystalline diamond layer. The spherical crown is arranged on the top of the first layer 200 of the polycrystalline diamond layer, the spherical radius is 1.0mm, and the spherical radius of the abdomen is 20mm. The top of the second layer 201 of the polycrystalline diamond layer is provided with a circular platform 2011 with a radius of 1.5mm and a spherical radius of 21mm, and the edge of the circular platform 2011 and the top of the abdomen of the second layer 201 of the polycrystalline diamond layer are in smooth transition through a round angle R2.0mm. The top of the third layer 202 of the polycrystalline diamond layer is provided with a circular platform 2011, the radius is 2.0mm, the spherical radius of the abdomen is 22mm, and the edge of the circular platform 2011 and the top of the abdomen of the third layer 202 of the polycrystalline diamond layer are in smooth transition through a round angle R1.5 mm.
The preparation method of the high impact-resistant anti-falling polycrystalline diamond hard alloy cutting pick head is as follows.
Cemented carbide substrate 1 contained 13wt.% cobalt, 87wt.% WC, and WC grains of about 3 microns. Grinding the hard alloy excircle to a required size, carrying out flat grinding to a required size, and processing and forming the conical surface to a required size by a universal excircle grinding machine. Sand blasting, ultrasonic cleaning for 30min, and drying for later use.
The first layer 200 of the polycrystalline diamond layer contains 75wt.% of diamond micropowder with the grain size of 4-15 microns, 14wt.% of WC-containing powder, 0.5 microns of WC-containing powder, 10wt.% of Co-containing powder, 0.3 microns of Co-containing powder, 1wt.% of W-containing powder and 0.3 microns of W-containing powder. The second layer 201 of the polycrystalline diamond layer contains 65wt.% of diamond micropowder with a particle size of 10-35 microns, 24wt.% of WC-containing powder, 0.5 microns of WC-containing powder, 8wt.% of Co-containing powder, 0.3 microns of Co-containing powder, 3wt.% of W-containing powder and 0.3 microns of W-containing powder. The third layer 202 of the polycrystalline diamond layer contains 55wt.% of diamond micropowder, the diamond micropowder has a particle size of 15-50 microns, the WC-containing powder has a particle size of 35wt.%, the WC-containing powder has a particle size of 0.5 microns, the Co-containing powder has a particle size of 4wt.%, the Co-containing powder has a particle size of 0.3 microns, the W-containing powder has a particle size of 5wt.%, the W-containing powder has a particle size of 0.3 microns, the Ni-containing powder has a particle size of 1wt.%, and the Ni-containing powder has a particle size of 0.5 microns. The 3 powders are respectively weighed, absolute ethyl alcohol is added, the materials are mixed for 30 minutes on a planetary ball mill, and the materials are fully mixed and dried for standby.
Weighing the processed diamond layer mixed powder into a metal cup, compacting and modeling to prepare a powder layer 1, weighing the processed diamond layer mixed powder into the metal cup, compacting and modeling to prepare a powder layer 2, weighing the processed diamond layer mixed powder into the metal cup, compacting and modeling to prepare a powder layer 3. The remainder of the preparation and processing methods are the same as in example one.
The diamond tooth head of the second example is welded on a test fixture by adopting a welding wire made of Ag40Cu19Zn21Cd material at the welding temperature of about 620 degrees, and subjected to flame brazing to perform forward impact of a pendulum impact test, and an average impact frequency reaches 500 times under the condition of 150J of impact energy by using an HRC58.5 Cr12MoV impact block. After impact test, the diamond tooth head and the test fixture are welded firmly, and the tooth head is not loosened.
The high impact-resistant anti-falling polycrystalline diamond hard alloy cutting pick head provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the diamond layer of the diamond tooth head is provided with a transition layer structure with multiple layers of components and structures, particularly, the top of the tooth head is provided with a multi-layer thickened transition layer structure, so that smooth transition between the elastic modulus, the thermal expansion coefficient and the like of the diamond surface layer, particularly the tooth head part and the hard alloy layer is effectively realized, and the overall impact strength of the composite cutting pick head is greatly enhanced;
2. Through improving into round platform structure by cylinder structure at diamond tooth head middle part welded part, and the radius of bottom surface is less than the radius of bottom surface on the middle part round platform, this structure makes the welding fastness reinforcing of tooth head in pick tooth cave, can effectively reduce the tooth head and excavate the risk that drops under the high frequency external force impact of in-process tunneling and milling, effectively promotes diamond pick high efficiency and low cost advantage in engineering construction.
The invention further provides a manufacturing method of the polycrystalline diamond hard alloy cutting pick head with high impact resistance and falling resistance.
Referring to fig. 5, in this embodiment, a method for manufacturing a polycrystalline diamond hard alloy pick head with high impact resistance and anti-falling performance includes the following steps:
Performing sand blasting treatment on the top of the hard alloy matrix, ultrasonically cleaning, and drying for later use;
Mixing powder materials used for different layers of the polycrystalline diamond layer respectively, weighing the mixed powder materials, filling the mixed powder materials into a metal cup for compaction molding, and sequentially molding from outside to inside to prepare each powder material layer;
Placing the formed diamond Nth layer powder on a treated hard alloy matrix, and compacting the hard alloy matrix, the diamond mixed powder and the metal cup to form a synthetic die assembly No. 1;
Carrying out high-temperature vacuum purification treatment on the compacted assembly 1 #;
loading the assembly 1# subjected to high-temperature purification treatment into a synthesis die to form a complete diamond tooth head synthesis die assembly 2#;
sintering and forming the assembly No. 2 on a hexahedral top hydraulic press at high temperature and high pressure to obtain a diamond tooth head blank;
and (3) carrying out sand blasting on the diamond tooth head blank through a diamond end face, carrying out cylindrical grinding, carrying out plane and chamfer grinding on the hard alloy end face, and processing the diamond tooth head blank into a diamond tooth head finished product with the required external dimension.
Specifically, the temperature is 500-900 ℃ during high-temperature vacuum purification treatment, the vacuum degree value is 10 -2Pa-10-4 Pa, and the temperature is 1300-1700 ℃ and the pressure is 4.5GPa-8.5GPa when the high-temperature high-pressure sintered molding is carried out and the high-temperature high-pressure sintered molding is placed in a pressure cavity of a hexahedral hydraulic press.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, but is intended to cover all equivalent structures modifications, direct or indirect application in other related arts, which are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A preparation method of a high impact-resistant anti-falling polycrystalline diamond hard alloy cutting pick head is characterized in that the high impact-resistant anti-falling polycrystalline diamond hard alloy cutting pick head comprises a hard alloy matrix and a polycrystalline diamond layer compounded on the hard alloy matrix head, wherein,
The polycrystalline diamond layer is of an N-layer structure, N is greater than or equal to 2, the top of the polycrystalline diamond layer is in a spherical crown shape, the abdomen of the polycrystalline diamond layer is a spherical surface formed by circular arc rotation for one circle, the top and the abdomen of the polycrystalline diamond layer are smoothly transited through round corners, and the spherical radius of the top of the polycrystalline diamond layer is smaller than or equal to the spherical radius of the abdomen;
The hard alloy substrate is provided with a top, a middle and a bottom, the top of the hard alloy substrate is compounded with a polycrystalline diamond layer, the middle of the hard alloy substrate is of a round platform structure, the bottom of the hard alloy substrate is of at least two layers of round platform structures, and the radius of the upper bottom surface of the round platform of the middle of the hard alloy substrate is smaller than that of the lower bottom surface of the round platform of the hard alloy substrate;
The top of the hard alloy substrate is in a circular truncated cone structure, the upper bottom surface and the side surface of the circular truncated cone of the top of the hard alloy substrate are in smooth transition through an arc, and the radius of the upper bottom surface of the circular truncated cone of the top of the hard alloy substrate is smaller than that of the lower bottom surface;
The included angle of the corresponding hypotenuse of the longitudinal section of the circular truncated cone at the top of the hard alloy matrix is 30-150 degrees, the side surface of the circular truncated cone at the top of the hard alloy matrix is provided with a convex rib, the section of the convex rib is arc-shaped, the edge of the convex rib is in smooth transition with the side surface of the circular truncated cone, and the convex rib is intermittent or continuous ring;
the 2 nd layer to the N th layer of the polycrystalline diamond layer are all round platforms, the 2 nd layer to the N th layer of the polycrystalline diamond layer are spherical surfaces formed by circular arc rotation, the 2 nd layer to the N th layer of the polycrystalline diamond layer and the abdomen are in smooth transition through round angles, the radius of the round platform at the top of the N-1 th layer is smaller than or equal to that of the N th layer, and the spherical radius of the abdomen of the N th layer is larger than or equal to that of the abdomen of the N-1 th layer;
The spherical radius of the spherical crown structure at the top of the polycrystalline diamond layer is 0.5-5 mm, and the spherical radius of the abdomen of the polycrystalline diamond layer is 5-45 mm;
The radius of the circular arc of the convex rib is 0.1mm-3mm, and the height of the protrusion of the convex rib vertical to the side surface of the round table is 0.1mm-3mm;
The bottom surface of the top truncated cone of the hard alloy substrate and the upper bottom surface of the middle truncated cone are on the same plane, the radius of the bottom surface of the top truncated cone is smaller than or equal to the radius of the upper bottom surface of the middle truncated cone, and the included angle of the corresponding bevel edge of the longitudinal section of the middle truncated cone of the hard alloy substrate is 0.5-45 degrees;
the thickness of the polycrystalline diamond layer is more than or equal to 2mm, the polycrystalline diamond layer is formed by mixing and sintering diamond, tungsten carbide, cobalt, tungsten and nickel with micrometer and/or nanometer size, wherein the Nth layer of the average grain size value of powder is more than or equal to the Nth layer of the average grain size value, and the Nth layer of the diamond powder content percentage value in the powder is less than or equal to the Nth layer of the average grain size value;
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
Performing sand blasting treatment on the top of the hard alloy matrix, ultrasonically cleaning, and drying for later use;
Mixing powder materials used for different layers of the polycrystalline diamond layer respectively, weighing the mixed powder materials, filling the mixed powder materials into a metal cup for compaction molding, and sequentially molding from outside to inside to prepare each powder material layer;
Placing the formed diamond Nth layer powder on a treated hard alloy matrix, and compacting the hard alloy matrix, the diamond mixed powder and the metal cup to form a synthetic die assembly No. 1;
Carrying out high-temperature vacuum purification treatment on the compacted assembly 1 #;
loading the assembly 1# subjected to high-temperature purification treatment into a synthesis die to form a complete diamond tooth head synthesis die assembly 2#;
sintering and forming the assembly No. 2 on a hexahedral top hydraulic press at high temperature and high pressure to obtain a diamond tooth head blank;
and (3) carrying out sand blasting on the diamond tooth head blank through a diamond end face, carrying out cylindrical grinding, carrying out plane and chamfer grinding on the hard alloy end face, and processing the diamond tooth head blank into a diamond tooth head finished product with the required external dimension.
2. The method for preparing the high impact resistant and anti-falling polycrystalline diamond hard alloy cutting pick head according to claim 1, wherein the temperature is 500-900 ℃ and the vacuum degree value is 10 -2Pa-10-4 Pa during high-temperature vacuum purification treatment, and the temperature is 1300-1700 ℃ and the pressure is 4.5GPa-8.5GPa when the high-temperature high-pressure sintered compact is placed in a pressing cavity of a hexahedral hydraulic press.
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| CN115110077A (en) * | 2022-06-29 | 2022-09-27 | 潜江市江汉钻具有限公司 | Preparation method of high-performance PDC drilling tool ball teeth |
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