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EP1544388B1 - Motor vehicle - Google Patents

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Publication number
EP1544388B1
EP1544388B1 EP04029685A EP04029685A EP1544388B1 EP 1544388 B1 EP1544388 B1 EP 1544388B1 EP 04029685 A EP04029685 A EP 04029685A EP 04029685 A EP04029685 A EP 04029685A EP 1544388 B1 EP1544388 B1 EP 1544388B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sensor
motor vehicle
control device
vehicle according
motor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP04029685A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1544388A1 (en
Inventor
Ingmar Hentsch
Michael Langfermann
Christian Gröwe
Frank Hegerfeld
Klaus Dünne
Andreas Platzköster
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Brose Schliesssysteme GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Brose Schliesssysteme GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Brose Schliesssysteme GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Brose Schliesssysteme GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1544388A1 publication Critical patent/EP1544388A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1544388B1 publication Critical patent/EP1544388B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B77/00Vehicle locks characterised by special functions or purposes
    • E05B77/46Locking several wings simultaneously
    • E05B77/48Locking several wings simultaneously by electrical means
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B77/00Vehicle locks characterised by special functions or purposes
    • E05B77/02Vehicle locks characterised by special functions or purposes for accident situations
    • E05B77/04Preventing unwanted lock actuation, e.g. unlatching, at the moment of collision
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E05LOCKS; KEYS; WINDOW OR DOOR FITTINGS; SAFES
    • E05BLOCKS; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR; HANDCUFFS
    • E05B81/00Power-actuated vehicle locks
    • E05B81/54Electrical circuits
    • E05B81/64Monitoring or sensing, e.g. by using switches or sensors
    • E05B81/76Detection of handle operation; Detection of a user approaching a handle; Electrical switching actions performed by door handles
    • E05B81/77Detection of handle operation; Detection of a user approaching a handle; Electrical switching actions performed by door handles comprising sensors detecting the presence of the hand of a user

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the motor vehicle locking system has a control device and a motor vehicle lock.
  • the motor vehicle lock is designed as a so-called electric lock, in which by means of an electric drive, a pawl for opening a rotary latch of the motor vehicle lock can be lifted.
  • the pawl is assigned as a sensor for detecting the state of the pawl a microswitch, which is formed as needed as a changeover switch and connected to the control device.
  • the known motor vehicle locking system further comprises a handle, in particular an outside door handle on.
  • the handle is assigned as a sensor for detecting an operation, a micro-switch, which is designed as a changeover switch and connected to the control device.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a motor vehicle with increased security against failure or malfunction, in particular against interruption of the electrical connection between a sensor and a control device for transmitting sensor signals to the control device.
  • a sensor for transmitting sensor signals to the control device.
  • the detection of the failure or the malfunction and on the other hand ensuring the desired function despite the failure or malfunction of interest.
  • a basic idea of the present invention is to provide a sensor - in particular in a motor vehicle locking system - for the transmission of sensor signals with two electrically independent outputs and to connect the outputs via electrical signal lines to the control device.
  • it is initially possible in principle to detect a fault condition by means of the control device. If, for example, sensor signals which are not compatible with one another are transmitted to the control device via the outputs of the sensor, this can be detected by the control device.
  • the sensor signals of a sensor are compatible in the present sense, if they are in a normal "predetermined" predetermined relationship to each other. In the simplest case, the sensor delivers identical sensor signals at its outputs, so that a deviation of the sensor signals from each other is a sure sign of a malfunction of the sensor.
  • the proposed solution it is also possible that even if one signal line fails, the sensor signal via the other signal line to the control device is still transferable and evaluable by this.
  • the proposed solution thus not only allows the detection of a failure or malfunction, but ensures proper operation even in the event of failure or malfunction.
  • the senor is assigned to an operating element, such as a door handle, a handle, a control lever or the like, on a motor vehicle door in order to detect an actuation of the operating element and, if necessary, to initiate an opening of an associated motor vehicle lock based on the respective sensor signals ,
  • an operating element such as a door handle, a handle, a control lever or the like
  • the senor can also be assigned to the motor vehicle door lock itself or arranged in this housing. Again, the proposed solution again u. a. prevent interruption of the transmission of the sensor signals and thus increase the reliability of the motor vehicle locking system and the motor vehicle as a whole.
  • the sensor for this purpose has two electrically independent inputs, which are - for example, switching - coupled or connected to the outputs and connected via separate supply lines to a power supply.
  • two electrically independent inputs which are - for example, switching - coupled or connected to the outputs and connected via separate supply lines to a power supply.
  • the senor for generating sensor signals on at least two sensor modules, wherein the sensor modules preferably each operate on different sensor principles of action.
  • the advantage of such a configuration of the sensor is that the two sensor modules are designed differently so that they each different - or at least partially not at all - respond to certain disturbing influences. This minimizes the likelihood that when a certain disturbance occurs, both sensors will simultaneously malfunction. Overall, this increases the reliability even in unfavorable environmental conditions.
  • the above-described concept of increasing the security by redundancy is extended to the control device.
  • Essential here is the parallel evaluation of the signals generated by the sensor such that a failure or malfunction can be detected by differing or incompatible evaluation results readily from the controller.
  • the control device has a first evaluation unit and a further evaluation unit which is independent of the first evaluation unit, wherein the control unit evaluates the sensor signals generated by the sensor substantially in parallel by both evaluation units and based on this evaluation controls signals to a consumer, such as the electrical Drive a pawl - opening drive - outputs.
  • the evaluation units each take over the original function of a conventional control, namely the "reading in” of sensor signals, the generation of an evaluation signal assigned to the respective sensor signal and the output of the evaluation signal.
  • the control device may be equipped with further components in order to determine whether the evaluation signals are compatible with one another or whether there is a malfunction, for example, of one of the two evaluation units.
  • a high level of security can be achieved, in particular, if the two evaluation units are largely independent of one another. In the case of an at least partially software-implemented control device, this can be supported by assigning different memory areas of a microcontroller or the like to the two evaluation units are. It is optimal, however, if the two evaluation units are each realized at least partially in separate hardware.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a motor vehicle 1 with an only partially indicated motor vehicle locking system 2. This particular points a plurality of motor vehicle locks 3, in particular for side doors 4 and / or a trunk lid 5, a tailgate, a tailgate o.
  • motor vehicle lock is thus primarily a door lock to understand. However, this may also be a trunk lock, a hood lock, a flap lock or the like of the motor vehicle 1 act.
  • the installation positions of the motor vehicle locks 3 are schematically indicated by arrows in FIG.
  • Each motor vehicle lock 3 - at least the side doors 4 - is electrically controlled, preferably motorized, in particular unlocked by electric motor and lockable and / or electric motor openable, in particular designed as a so-called electric lock.
  • electric motor and lockable and / or electric motor openable in particular designed as a so-called electric lock.
  • an opening drive not shown, in particular an electric motor.
  • Fig. 2 shows in a schematic, block diagram representation of the proposed motor vehicle locking system 2 with a motor vehicle lock 3, a control device 6 and at least one electrically connected to the control device 6 sensor 7.
  • at least two sensors 7 are connected to the control device 6, wherein the sensors 7 of the detection of an operation of a control element, such as a door handle 8 or an actuating lever 9 serve.
  • one sensor 7 is an outside door handle 8 and the other sensor 7 is an inside operating lever 9 or the like. a not shown in Fig. 2 side door 4 of the motor vehicle 1 assigned to detect the respective operation.
  • actuation of the operating element is to be understood here in a narrow sense to the effect that a mechanical action or movement or actuation takes place. In a broader sense, however, this also means a touch and / or an approach, in particular a hand of an operator or vehicle occupant, not shown, in particular to a Lock, unlock or open the associated motor vehicle lock 3 to effect. If necessary, the sensors 7 are accordingly designed to also detect this type of actuation and to output a corresponding sensor signal.
  • an operating element such as the door handle 8 or the operating lever 9
  • a corresponding sensor signal is detected by the control device 6, which then - as in the illustration example - directly or via another, not shown central control the motor vehicle lock 3 to open, unlock or Locking can control.
  • the operating element can accordingly be configured as a switch, pushbutton, movable handle, door handle, outside door handle or the like.
  • the control element comprise a rocker switch, not shown, on the door handle 8, which can be actuated for unlocking, locking and / or - in particular - opening the associated motor vehicle lock 3, in particular by a hand of an operator or vehicle occupant, not shown.
  • the sensor 7 has two electrically independent outputs 10 for transmitting sensor signals, the outputs 10 being connected to the control device 6 via electrical signal lines 11.
  • the outputs 10 of the sensor 7 may be connected to the control device 6 via a common electrical signal line.
  • the outputs 10 of the sensor 7 are connected to the control device 6 via separate electrical signal lines 11. In any case, this is advantageous in view of a possible cable break.
  • the control device 6 is coupled to a consumer 25 for its control.
  • the control device 6 outputs control signals to the load 25.
  • the consumer 25 is designed as a drive of a motor vehicle lock 3, preferably as described above opening drive of a motor vehicle lock 3.
  • a particularly simple embodiment provides that the sensor signals applied to the various outputs 10 of the sensor 7 are identical to one another. Then it is preferably such that the sensor 7 has two electrically independent outputs 10 for the same - identical - sensor signal and the outputs 10 are connected via two separate electrical signal lines 11 to two separate inputs 12 of the control device 6.
  • the respective sensor signal can still be transmitted via another signal line 11 to the control device 6 and evaluated by this. Furthermore, it is conceivable that by means of the control device 6 a faulty sensor signal can be detected by a comparison of the transmitted via the signal lines 11 sensor signals. This is the case, for example, if the sensor signals generated by the sensor 7 are not compatible with one another.
  • the sensor 7 has - in particular in its design as a double switch - at least two, preferably exactly two electrically independent inputs 13, which are connected via separate supply lines 14 to a power supply 15. This results in two electrically independent current paths for the sensor signals, at least between a body-side evaluation electronics 16 with the control device 6 and the door-side sensor 7 via the lines 11, 14th
  • connection cable is sufficiently flexible, for example, a transition from the preferably body-side control device 6 and evaluation 16 to ensure the movable door 4 with the sensor 7 and preferably the motor vehicle lock 3.
  • connection cable not shown, then optionally further lines for controlling or powering the motor vehicle lock 3, a window lifter, not shown, or the like.
  • the two sensors 7 are preferably constructed at least substantially the same or identical, so that initially only the structure of a sensor 7 is discussed in more detail below.
  • the sensor 7 is preferably designed to be switched, in particular as a double or as a multiple switch.
  • a particularly preferred embodiment provides that the sensor 7 for generating sensor signals in parallel at least two switching elements, wherein preferably at least one of the switching elements as normally open and another of the switching elements is designed as an opener. As a result, for example, a short circuit between the separate signal lines 11 can be detected without further notice.
  • the microswitch then preferably has, as above, two independent switching elements.
  • the senor 7 can also output analog or digital sensor signals, that is, if necessary, not only be configured as a switch.
  • the sensor 7 may be formed by an electronic circuit with two separate outputs 10, which may then be supplied with power only via a common connection.
  • the sensor 7 can operate capacitively, inductively, optically and / or piezoelectrically.
  • the sensor 7 can also be formed by two, possibly electrically independent sensor elements, for example piezo elements or the like, which in particular form a structural unit.
  • a particularly secure arrangement can generally be achieved in that the sensor 7 for generating sensor signals at least two sensor modules 7a, 7b, wherein the sensor modules 7a, 7b preferably each operate according to different sensor principles of action.
  • the sensor modules 7a, 7b can each operate capacitively, inductively, optically and / or piezoelectrically.
  • a capacitive sensor module 7a is combined with an optical sensor module 7b to form a sensor 7, then a high electromagnetic interference field has at most effects on the capacitive sensor module 7a, while the optical sensor module 7b is unaffected.
  • the sensor 7 remains functional in the result. This leads as described above to a high reliability.
  • Fig. 3 shows the configuration of the sensor 7 with two sensor modules 7a, 7b schematically. It may be provided that the sensor 7 has only a single input 13 for connection to a single supply line 14 (embodiment a)) or that the sensor 7 has two electrically independent inputs 13 which are connected via separate supply lines 14 (embodiment b)).
  • the senor 7 or its sensor signal is resistance-coded or distinguishable in some other way.
  • the sensor 7 or each formed current path is associated with a resistor 17 which, starting from the power supply 15 together with input and / or output side resistors 18, 19 and 20, the sensor 7 is connected between the power supply 15 and a counter potential, in particular mass 21, are connected in series, forming a voltage divider.
  • the control device 6 or its inputs 12 are connected in the illustrated example between the resistors 19 and 20 to the current paths, ie parallel to the resistors 20. Accordingly, the detectable by the control device 6 sensor signals or their voltages among other things of the resistor or the resistors 17 of the sensor 7 and thus "resistance-coded".
  • control device 6 can continue to receive and evaluate a sensor signal from the sensor 7 via the other current path or the other signal line 14.
  • the function of the motor vehicle locking system 2 or of the motor vehicle 1 is accordingly not impaired.
  • the control device 6 due to the resistance coding or voltage division determine if and where there is a line interruption or a short circuit. This allows easy error detection.
  • the second sensor 7 is connected via separate or possibly common signal lines 11 to the same inputs 12 of the control device 6.
  • the two sensors 7 are each connected in parallel with their two current paths for their sensor signals.
  • the differentiation of the sensor signals is then preferably carried out by different resistance coding or signal voltages.
  • the resistances 17 of the one sensor 7 differ in their values from those of the resistors 17 of the other sensor 7.
  • the sensor signals 7 detectable by the control device 6 preferably differ in the magnitude of their voltage, depending on which sensor 7 they originate from , Accordingly, the sensor signals 7 are distinguishable.
  • two sensors 7 are connected to the control device 6. This corresponds to the preferred embodiment of an assignment of the two sensors 7 to a door inner handle on the one hand and an outside door handle on the other.
  • resistance coding or another type of coding, it is also possible to connect a plurality of sensors 7 to the two inputs 12 of the control device 6.
  • Said parallel circuit of the sensors 7 has the advantage that no additional inputs 12 to the control device 6 are required. In particular, the cabling effort or circuit complexity and thus the susceptibility to errors can be reduced.
  • the control device 6 is preferably formed by an integrated circuit or a so-called microcontroller with corresponding ports for the inputs 12.
  • capacitors 22 serve a derivative of unwanted noise or the like. or as a filter.
  • the evaluation electronics 16 preferably forms a structural unit which, as already explained, is arranged on the body side or centrally on or in the motor vehicle 1.
  • control device 6 or the evaluation electronics 16 is assigned only to a motor vehicle door 4 with the two sensors 7.
  • the sensors 7 of several motor vehicle doors 4 may be connected to the same control device 6 or evaluation electronics 16, in particular if the individual sensors 7 are "resistance-coded" differently and / or the device 6 has a corresponding number of inputs 12, in particular for pairwise connection of Sensors 7, comprising.
  • motor vehicle locks 3 can also be connected directly or indirectly to the control device 6 or the evaluation electronics 16.
  • two sensors 7 are connected, which serve as above preferably the detection of an actuation of a control element, such as a door handle 8 or an actuating lever 9. The same is shown in Fig. 5. Any existing power supply for the sensors 7 is not shown here.
  • control device 6 has at least one first evaluation unit 23 and a further second evaluation unit 24 independent of the first evaluation unit 23, the control device 6 having the Sensor signals generated by the sensors 7 substantially parallel by both evaluation 23, 24 evaluates and outputs control signals to the consumer 25 based on this evaluation.
  • the control of the load 25 by the control device 6 will be explained in detail.
  • FIGS. 4, 5 show that the control device 6 is coupled to the load 25 for driving it, in FIG. 4 via the control lines 26.
  • the consumer 25 is, as already mentioned, preferably designed as a drive of a motor vehicle lock 3, in particular as an opening drive of a motor vehicle lock 3.
  • the sensors 7 shown in FIGS. 4, 5 for transmitting sensor signals each have two electrically independent outputs 10 which are connected via two separate electrical signal lines 11 to two separate inputs 12 of the control device 6 are.
  • the advantages described can be achieved. Reference may be made to the above statements. In principle, however, it is also possible to connect sensors 7 to the control device 6 via only one signal line in each case.
  • connection of the sensors 7 is shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 4, 5 in order to indicate that a resistance coding mentioned above can also be provided here.
  • both outputs 10 of the sensor 7 are assigned to two evaluation units 23, 24 for evaluation of the sensor signals. This is advantageous in that a cable break can be detected by the respective evaluation unit 23, 24 if it is designed accordingly.
  • FIG. 5 follows another concept.
  • an output 10 of the sensor 7 of an evaluation unit 23 and the other output 10 of the sensor 7 of the other evaluation unit 24 is assigned to the evaluation of the sensor signals.
  • a cable break leads to the fact that only one of the two evaluation units 23, 24 on the operation, for example the outside door handle can react. As a result, the two evaluation units 23, 24 will generate mismatched or incompatible evaluation signals, as a result of which the cable break can again be detected by the control device 6.
  • control device 6 For the realization of the control device 6, a number of possibilities are conceivable. In principle, the control device 6 can be configured in terms of hardware and "hard-wired". Although this is a particularly reliable variant, but inflexible, consuming and expensive.
  • Cheaper is the equipment of the control device 6 with at least one microcontroller o. The like., On which a control software is executable. This has already been indicated above.
  • the term "microcontroller” in the present case includes all programmable electronic components and combinations of these programmable components. The programmability of microcontrollers ensures maximum flexibility with minimal hardware costs.
  • the two evaluation units 23, 24 are realized in each case at least partially in software. In order to ensure the independence of the two evaluation units 23, 24, it is provided here to assign the two evaluation units 23, 24 different memory areas of the microcontroller.
  • the evaluation units 23, 24 are each equipped with an input module 27 for the connection of the sensor 7 and with an output module 28 for the connection of the load 25.
  • the control device 6 shown in FIG. 5 further shows a processing module 29 between the input module 27 and the output module 28, which has a corresponding logic for generating the evaluation signals.
  • a corresponding processing module 29 is also present in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, but not shown.
  • the input modules 27 of the two evaluation units 23, 24 different memory areas of the microcontroller o.
  • the like. are assigned.
  • the output modules 28 are assigned.
  • the input modules 27 and the output modules 28 are assigned correspondingly separate registers (memories) 30.
  • control signals for driving the load 25 can be generated by means of the first evaluation unit 23 based on the sensor signals.
  • the evaluation unit 23 as such can thus basically operate as conventional control.
  • release signals can now be generated by means of the second evaluation unit based on the sensor signals, wherein the load 25 can only be activated by the control signals of the first evaluation unit if the second evaluation unit generates a corresponding release signal.
  • Necessary for the control of the consumer 25 is thus on the one hand the generation of control signals by the first evaluation unit 23 and the generation of an enable signal by the second evaluation unit 24th
  • the above control signals are generated by the first evaluation unit 23 only when the sensor 7 is “actuated” and corresponding sensor signals are applied to the lines 11.
  • the release signal is also generated by the second evaluation unit 24 only when the sensor 7 is "actuated”.
  • the first evaluation unit 23 erroneously generates control signals without that an actuation of the sensor 7 has taken place, so the control of the load 25 is still off.
  • the second evaluation unit 24 does not generate an enable signal because it detects no operation of the sensor 7.
  • the load 25 preferably has a drive motor 31 connected via a bridge circuit, wherein the control device 6 is coupled to the bridge circuit for driving the load 25.
  • the first evaluation unit 23 is here coupled to the consumer 25 in the manner of a conventional control.
  • the second evaluation unit 24 is coupled to a switch which is connected in the decisive for the activation of the load 25 current path. This switch may be a single field effect transistor or the like. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, this current path extends via the switches 32, 33 of the bridge circuit, to which the switch coupled to the second evaluation unit 24 is connected in series.
  • the embodiment shown in Fig. 5 shows another structure of a redundant control device 6.
  • the two evaluation units 23, 24 are formed substantially identical, wherein by means of the two evaluation units 23, 24 based on the sensor signals in parallel control signals can be generated.
  • two evaluation units 23, 24 are provided, which in each case work in the manner of a conventional control.
  • the load 25 can only be activated by the control signals if the two evaluation units 23, 24 generate identical control signals.
  • the control device 6 preferably has a linking module 34, which preferably provides an AND connection between the control signals of the two evaluation units 23, 24. An AND operation in the above sense switches the control signals to the load 25, provided that both evaluation units 23, 24 generate identical control signals. In the event that the two evaluation units 23, 24 generate different control signals, so the control of the load 25 remains off.
  • the coupling between the linking module 34 and the consumer 25 is shown in Fig. 5 only schematically by an arrow.
  • the two evaluation units 23, 24 are not configured identically, for example differently programmed. Then it is the task of the linking module 34 to find out whether the control signals generated by the evaluation units 23, 24 are compatible with each other and which control signals may have to be delivered to the consumer 25.
  • the control device 6 is equipped with a monitoring module 35 (FIG. 5), which is coupled to the two evaluation units 23, 24 and monitors them. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the monitoring module 35 compares the respective functional states of the evaluation units 23, 24 with one another in order to detect any possible error conditions. For example, the monitoring module 35 can also detect whether one of the two evaluation units 23, 24 assumes an "unauthorized" state. This can occur, for example, in the case of a cable break in the above-mentioned redundant connection of the sensor 7.
  • control device 6 shown in FIG. 5 it may be advantageous to additionally provide the control device 6 shown in FIG. 5 with an evaluation unit which generates the above-described enable signals. As a result, the reliability of the arrangement can be further increased. Furthermore, the above, redundant control device 6 can be combined to maximize the reliability with the above-described redundant design or connection of the sensor 7.
  • the senor 7 or serve the sensors 7 in particular the detection of an operation for opening the associated motor vehicle lock 3.
  • the consumer 25 is formed here as an opening drive of the motor vehicle lock 3.
  • the sensor 7 may also be assigned to the motor vehicle 3 itself, in particular arranged in it, in order for example to detect a state of the motor vehicle lock 3.
  • the proposed connection of the sensor 7 or the sensors 7 to the control device 6 is not limited to the motor vehicle locking system 2, but for virtually any sensors of the motor vehicle 1 - for example, for an electric window, for security systems, such as airbag systems or releasable headrests, or the like. - Be used, especially if a particularly high reliability is desired or required.
  • the motor vehicle locking system 2 of the proposed motor vehicle 1 is claimed as such. Reference may be made to the above statements.

Landscapes

  • Lock And Its Accessories (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Throttle Valves Provided In The Intake System Or In The Exhaust System (AREA)

Abstract

The door lock (3) is actuated by a control unit (6) in response to the sensor unit (7) from which independent signals (11) are received from different parts (8,9) of the door handle assembly.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Kraftfahrzeug gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The present invention relates to a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1.

Die DE 196 32 915 A1, die den Ausgangspunkt der vorliegenden Erfindung bildet, offenbart ein Kraftfahrzeugschließsystem eines Kraftfahrzeugs. Das Kraftfahrzeugschließsystem weist eine Steuereinrichtung und ein Kraftfahrzeugschloß auf. Das Kraftfahrzeugschloß ist als sogenanntes Elektroschloß ausgebildet, bei dem mittels eines elektrischen Antriebs eine Sperrklinke zum Öffnen einer Drehfalle des Kraftfahrzeugschlosses aushebbar ist. Der Sperrklinke ist als Sensor zur Erfassung des Zustands der Sperrklinke ein Mikroschalter zugeordnet, der bedarfsweise als Wechselschalter ausgebildet und an die Steuereinrichtung angeschlossen ist.DE 196 32 915 A1, which forms the starting point of the present invention, discloses a motor vehicle locking system of a motor vehicle. The motor vehicle locking system has a control device and a motor vehicle lock. The motor vehicle lock is designed as a so-called electric lock, in which by means of an electric drive, a pawl for opening a rotary latch of the motor vehicle lock can be lifted. The pawl is assigned as a sensor for detecting the state of the pawl a microswitch, which is formed as needed as a changeover switch and connected to the control device.

Das bekannte Kraftfahrzeugschließsystem weist ferner eine Handhabe, insbesondere einen Türaußengriff, auf. Der Handhabe ist als Sensor zur Erfassung einer Betätigung ein Mikroschalter zugeordnet, der als Wechselschalter ausgebildet und an die Steuereinrichtung angeschlossen ist.The known motor vehicle locking system further comprises a handle, in particular an outside door handle on. The handle is assigned as a sensor for detecting an operation, a micro-switch, which is designed as a changeover switch and connected to the control device.

Bei dem bekannten Kraftfahrzeugschließsystem besteht das Risiko, daß die üblicherweise durch Kabel gebildete Verbindung zwischen einem Sensor und der Steuereinrichtung - beispielsweise aufgrund eines Kabelbruchs, Unfalls o. dgl. - unterbrochen oder kurzgeschlossen werden kann. Dies würde zu einem sofortigen Ausfall des Sensors und damit zu einem Sicherheitsrisiko führen, da beispielsweise eine Kraftfahrzeugtür nicht mehr geöffnet werden kann.In the known motor vehicle locking system there is a risk that the connection usually formed by cables between a sensor and the control device - for example due to a cable break, accident o. The like. - Can be interrupted or shorted. This would lead to an immediate failure of the sensor and thus to a security risk, since, for example, a motor vehicle door can not be opened.

Gleichzeitig besteht die Gefahr der Fehlfunktion des Sensors oder der Steuereinrichtung, die schlimmstenfalls zu einem ungewollten motorischen Ausheben der Sperrklinke und damit Öffnen der Kraftfahrzeugtür während der Fahrt führen kann. Eine solche Fehlfunktion kann beispielsweise durch elektromagnetische Störfelder oder durch eine Crashsituation verursacht sein. Bei einer zumindest teilweise Software-implementierten Steuereinrichtung treten dann ggf. Fehler in den Ein-/Ausgangsregistem oder unvorhersehbare Sprünge im Programmablauf mit entsprechend unvorhersehbaren Folgen auf.At the same time there is a risk of malfunction of the sensor or the control device, which can lead to an unwanted motorized lifting of the pawl and thus opening the vehicle door while driving at worst. Such a malfunction can be caused for example by electromagnetic interference fields or by a crash situation. In an at least partially software-implemented control then occur if necessary errors in the input / output registers or unpredictable jumps in the program sequence with correspondingly unpredictable consequences.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Kraftfahrzeug mit erhöhter Sicherheit gegen Ausfall oder Fehlfunktion, insbesondere gegen Unterbrechung der elektrischen Verbindung zwischen einem Sensor und einer Steuereinrichtung zur Übertragung von Sensorsignalen an die Steuereinrichtung, anzugeben. Dabei ist einerseits die Erkennung des Ausfalls bzw. der Fehlfunktion und andererseits die Sicherstellung der gewünschten Funktion trotz des Ausfalls bzw. der Fehlfunktion von Interesse.The present invention has for its object to provide a motor vehicle with increased security against failure or malfunction, in particular against interruption of the electrical connection between a sensor and a control device for transmitting sensor signals to the control device. In this case, on the one hand the detection of the failure or the malfunction and on the other hand ensuring the desired function despite the failure or malfunction of interest.

Die obige Aufgabe wird zunächst durch ein Kraftfahrzeug gemäß Anspruch 1 gelöst. Vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.The above object is first achieved by a motor vehicle according to claim 1. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

Eine grundlegende Idee der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt darin, einen Sensor - insbesondere bei einem Kraftfahrzeugschließsystem - zur Übertragung von Sensorsignalen mit zwei elektrisch unabhängigen Ausgängen vorzusehen und die Ausgänge über elektrische Signalleitungen an die Steuereinrichtung anzuschließen. Damit ist es zunächst grundsätzlich möglich, einen Fehlerzustand mittels der Steuereinrichtung zu erkennen. Werden über die Ausgänge des Sensors beispielsweise Sensorsignale an die Steuereinrichtung übertragen, die nicht zueinander kompatibel sind, so ist dies durch die Steuereinrichtung detektierbar. Die Sensorsignale eines Sensors sind im vorliegenden Sinne kompatibel, wenn sie in einem für den Normalfall vorbestimmten "erlaubten" Verhältnis zueinander stehen. Im einfachsten Fall liefert der Sensor an seinen Ausgängen identische Sensorsignale, so daß eine Abweichung der Sensorsignale voneinander ein sicheres Zeichen für eine Fehlfunktion des Sensors ist.A basic idea of the present invention is to provide a sensor - in particular in a motor vehicle locking system - for the transmission of sensor signals with two electrically independent outputs and to connect the outputs via electrical signal lines to the control device. Thus, it is initially possible in principle to detect a fault condition by means of the control device. If, for example, sensor signals which are not compatible with one another are transmitted to the control device via the outputs of the sensor, this can be detected by the control device. The sensor signals of a sensor are compatible in the present sense, if they are in a normal "predetermined" predetermined relationship to each other. In the simplest case, the sensor delivers identical sensor signals at its outputs, so that a deviation of the sensor signals from each other is a sure sign of a malfunction of the sensor.

Durch die vorschlagsgemäße Lösung ist es ferner möglich, daß selbst bei Ausfall einer Signalleitung das Sensorsignal über die andere Signalleitung an die Steuereinrichtung weiterhin übertragbar und von dieser auswertbar ist. Die vorschlagsgemäße Lösung erlaubt also nicht nur die Detektion eines Ausfalls oder einer Fehlfunktion, sondern gewährleistet selbst bei Eintritt eines Ausfalls oder einer Fehlfunktion einen ordnungsgemäßen Betrieb.The proposed solution, it is also possible that even if one signal line fails, the sensor signal via the other signal line to the control device is still transferable and evaluable by this. The proposed solution thus not only allows the detection of a failure or malfunction, but ensures proper operation even in the event of failure or malfunction.

In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist der Sensor einem Bedienelement, wie einem Türgriff, einer Handhabe, einem Bedienhebel o. dgl. an einer Kraftfahrzeugtür zugeordnet, um eine Betätigung des Bedienelements zu erfassen und basierend auf den jeweiligen Sensorsignalen ggf. ein Öffnen eines zugeordneten Kraftfahrzeugschlosses zu veranlassen. Die elektrische Verbindung zwischen dem türseitigen Sensor und der üblicherweise zentral im Kraftfahrzeug oder karosserieseitig angeordneten Steuereinrichtung zur Erfassung und Auswertung der Sensorsignale kann beispielsweise durch Scheuern eines Kabels o. dgl. unterbrochen werden. Durch die vorschlagsgemäße Lösung kann eine derartige Unterbrechung erkannt und dadurch die Funktionssicherheit des Kraftfahrzeugschließsystems bzw. des Kraftfahrzeugs insgesamt erhöht werden.In a preferred embodiment, the sensor is assigned to an operating element, such as a door handle, a handle, a control lever or the like, on a motor vehicle door in order to detect an actuation of the operating element and, if necessary, to initiate an opening of an associated motor vehicle lock based on the respective sensor signals , The electrical connection between the door-side sensor and the usually centrally in the motor vehicle or body side arranged control device for detection and evaluation of the sensor signals, for example, by scouring a cable o. The like. Be interrupted. By virtue of the proposed solution, such an interruption can be detected and, as a result, the functional reliability of the motor vehicle locking system or of the motor vehicle as a whole can be increased.

Der Sensor kann ggf. auch dem Kraftfahrzeugtürschloß selbst zugeordnet bzw. in diesem angeordnet sein. Auch hier kann die vorschlagsgemäße Lösung wiederum u. a. einer Unterbrechung der Übertragung der Sensorsignale vorbeugen und damit die Funktionssicherheit des Kraftfahrzeugschließsystems bzw. des Kraftfahrzeugs insgesamt erhöhen.If necessary, the sensor can also be assigned to the motor vehicle door lock itself or arranged in this housing. Again, the proposed solution again u. a. prevent interruption of the transmission of the sensor signals and thus increase the reliability of the motor vehicle locking system and the motor vehicle as a whole.

Vorzugsweise werden zwei getrennte Strompfade für die Sensorsignale gebildet. Insbesondere weist der Sensor hierzu zwei elektrisch unabhängige Eingänge auf, die - beispielsweise schaltend - mit den Ausgängen gekoppelt oder verbunden werden und über separate Versorgungsleitungen an eine Stromversorgung angeschlossen sind. So wird eine besonders hohe Sicherheit gegen Ausfall der Übertragung der Sensorsignale an die Steuereinrichtung erreicht.Preferably, two separate current paths are formed for the sensor signals. In particular, the sensor for this purpose has two electrically independent inputs, which are - for example, switching - coupled or connected to the outputs and connected via separate supply lines to a power supply. Thus, a particularly high level of security against failure of the transmission of the sensor signals to the control device is achieved.

In besonders bevorzugter Ausgestaltung weist der Sensor zur Erzeugung von Sensorsignalen mindestens zwei Sensormodule auf, wobei die Sensormodule vorzugsweise jeweils nach unterschiedlichen Sensor-Wirkprinzipien arbeiten. Der Vorteil einer solchen Ausgestaltung des Sensors besteht darin, daß die beiden Sensormodule derart unterschiedlich ausgestaltet sind, daß sie auf bestimmte Störeinflüsse jeweils unterschiedlich - oder jedenfalls zum Teil überhaupt nicht - reagieren. Damit läßt sich die Wahrscheinlichkeit minimieren, daß bei Auftreten eines bestimmten Störeinflusses beide Sensoren gleichzeitig eine Fehlfunktion ausüben. Dies erhöht insgesamt die Funktionssicherheit selbst bei ungünstigen Umgebungsbedingungen.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the sensor for generating sensor signals on at least two sensor modules, wherein the sensor modules preferably each operate on different sensor principles of action. The advantage of such a configuration of the sensor is that the two sensor modules are designed differently so that they each different - or at least partially not at all - respond to certain disturbing influences. This minimizes the likelihood that when a certain disturbance occurs, both sensors will simultaneously malfunction. Overall, this increases the reliability even in unfavorable environmental conditions.

Nach einer weiteren Lehre gemäß Anspruch 15, der eigenständige Bedeutung zukommt, wird das oben beschriebene Konzept der Erhöhung der Sicherheit durch Redundanz auf die Steuereinrichtung ausgeweitet. Wesentlich ist hier die parallele Auswertung der vom Sensor erzeugten Signale derart, daß ein Ausfall oder eine Fehlfunktion durch voneinander abweichende oder inkompatible Auswerteergebnisse ohne weiteres von der Steuereinrichtung erkannt werden können. Hierfür weist die Steuereinrichtung eine erste Auswerteeinheit und eine weitere, von der ersten Auswerteeinheit unabhängige, zweite Auswerteeinheit auf, wobei die Steuereinrichtung die vom Sensor erzeugten Sensorsignale im wesentlichen parallel durch beide Auswerteeinheiten auswertet und basierend auf dieser Auswertung Steuersignale an einen Verbraucher, wie beispielsweise den elektrischen Antrieb einer Sperrklinke - Öffnungsantrieb - abgibt.According to another teaching according to claim 15, which has independent significance, the above-described concept of increasing the security by redundancy is extended to the control device. Essential here is the parallel evaluation of the signals generated by the sensor such that a failure or malfunction can be detected by differing or incompatible evaluation results readily from the controller. For this purpose, the control device has a first evaluation unit and a further evaluation unit which is independent of the first evaluation unit, wherein the control unit evaluates the sensor signals generated by the sensor substantially in parallel by both evaluation units and based on this evaluation controls signals to a consumer, such as the electrical Drive a pawl - opening drive - outputs.

Die Auswerteeinheiten übernehmen jeweils für sich genommen die originäre Funktion einer konventionellen Steuerung, nämlich das "Einlesen" von Sensorsignalen, die Erzeugung eines dem jeweiligen Sensorsignal zugeordneten Auswertesignals und die Ausgabe des Auswertesignals. Bei der vorschlagsgemäßen Lösung liegen nun jedenfalls zwei Auswertesignale vor, die je nach Ausgestaltung der Auswerteeinheiten identisch oder unterschiedlich sein können. Entsprechend ist die Steuereinrichtung ggf. mit weiteren Komponenten auszustatten, um zu ermitteln, ob die Auswertesignale zueinander kompatibel sind oder ob eine Fehlfunktion beispielsweise einer der beiden Auswerteeinheiten vorliegt.The evaluation units each take over the original function of a conventional control, namely the "reading in" of sensor signals, the generation of an evaluation signal assigned to the respective sensor signal and the output of the evaluation signal. In the proposed solution, there are now at least two evaluation signals, which may be identical or different depending on the configuration of the evaluation units. Accordingly, the control device may be equipped with further components in order to determine whether the evaluation signals are compatible with one another or whether there is a malfunction, for example, of one of the two evaluation units.

Das oben beschriebene Konzept der redundanten Steuereinrichtung läßt sich besonders vorteilhaft mit dem weiter oben beschriebenen Konzept der redundanten Auslegung bzw. Anbindung des Sensors kombinieren. Dadurch wird im Ergebnis eine besonders hohe Sicherheit erreicht.The above-described concept of the redundant control device can be combined particularly advantageously with the concept of redundant design or connection of the sensor described above. As a result, a particularly high level of security is achieved as a result.

Eine hohe Sicherheit läßt sich insbesondere dann erreichen, wenn die beiden Auswerteeinheiten weitgehend unabhängig voneinander ausgestaltet sind. Bei einer zumindest teilweise Software-implementierten Steuereinrichtung läßt sich dies dadurch unterstützen, daß den beiden Auswerteeinheiten jedenfalls unterschiedliche Speicherbereiche eines Mikrocontrollers o. dgl. zugeordnet sind. Optimal ist es jedoch, wenn die beiden Auswerteeinheiten jeweils zumindest zum Teil in getrennter Hardware realisiert sind.A high level of security can be achieved, in particular, if the two evaluation units are largely independent of one another. In the case of an at least partially software-implemented control device, this can be supported by assigning different memory areas of a microcontroller or the like to the two evaluation units are. It is optimal, however, if the two evaluation units are each realized at least partially in separate hardware.

Nach einer weiteren Lehre gemäß Anspruch 32, der ebenfalls eigenständige Bedeutung zukommt, wird das Kraftfahrzeugschließsystem des oben beschriebenen Kraftfahrzeugs als solches beansprucht. Auf die obigen Ausführungen darf verwiesen werden.According to another teaching according to claim 32, which also has independent significance, the motor vehicle locking system of the motor vehicle described above is claimed as such. Reference may be made to the above statements.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale, Eigenschaften und Aspekte der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der folgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsformen anhand der Zeichnungen. Es zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines vorschlagsgemäßen Kraftfahrzeugs mit einem Kraftfahrzeugschließsystem;
Fig. 2
eine schematische Darstellung des Kraftfahrzeugschließsystems eines vorschlagsgemäßen Kraftfahrzeugs;
Fig. 3
eine schematische Darstellung eines Sensors des Kraftfahrzeugschließsystems gemäß Fig. 2 - a) in einer ersten Ausführungsform und b) in einer zweiten Ausführungsform;
Fig. 4
eine schematische Darstellung des Kraftfahrzeugschließsystems eines zweiten vorschlagsgemäßen Kraftfahrzeugs; und
Fig. 5
eine schematische Darstellung des Kraftfahrzeugschließsystems eines dritten vorschlagsgemäßen Kraftfahrzeugs.
Further advantages, features, characteristics and aspects of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings. It shows:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of a proposed motor vehicle with a motor vehicle locking system;
Fig. 2
a schematic representation of the motor vehicle locking system of a proposed motor vehicle;
Fig. 3
a schematic representation of a sensor of the motor vehicle locking system of FIG. 2 - a) in a first embodiment and b) in a second embodiment;
Fig. 4
a schematic representation of the motor vehicle locking system of a second proposed motor vehicle; and
Fig. 5
a schematic representation of the motor vehicle locking system of a third proposed motor vehicle.

In den Figuren werden für gleiche oder ähnliche Teile dieselben Bezugszeichen verwendet, wobei entsprechende oder vergleichbare Eigenschaften und Vorteile erreicht werden, auch wenn eine wiederholte Beschreibung weggelassen ist.In the figures, the same reference numerals are used for the same or similar parts, and corresponding or comparable properties and advantages are achieved, even if a repeated description is omitted.

Fig. 1 zeigt in schematischer Darstellung ein Kraftfahrzeug 1 mit einem nur teilweise angedeuteten Kraftfahrzeugschließsystem 2. Dieses weist insbesondere mehrere Kraftfahrzeugschlösser 3 auf, insbesondere für Seitentüren 4 und/oder einen Kofferraumdeckel 5, eine Heckklappe, eine Hecktür o. dgl.Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a motor vehicle 1 with an only partially indicated motor vehicle locking system 2. This particular points a plurality of motor vehicle locks 3, in particular for side doors 4 and / or a trunk lid 5, a tailgate, a tailgate o.

Unter dem Begriff "Kraftfahrzeugschloß" ist also primär ein Türschloß zu verstehen. Jedoch kann es sich hierbei auch um ein Kofferraumschloß, ein Haubenschloß, ein Klappenschloß oder dergleichen des Kraftfahrzeugs 1 handeln.The term "motor vehicle lock" is thus primarily a door lock to understand. However, this may also be a trunk lock, a hood lock, a flap lock or the like of the motor vehicle 1 act.

Beim Darstellungsbeispiel sind die Einbaupositionen der Kraftfahrzeugschlösser 3 durch Pfeile in Fig. 1 schematisch angedeutet.In the illustrated example, the installation positions of the motor vehicle locks 3 are schematically indicated by arrows in FIG.

Jedes Kraftfahrzeugschloß 3 - zumindest der Seitentüren 4 - ist elektrisch steuerbar, vorzugsweise motorisch betätigbar, insbesondere elektromotorisch entriegelbar und verriegelbar und/oder elektromotorisch öffenbar, insbesondere als sogenanntes Elektroschloß ausgebildet. Beispielsweise erfolgt zum Öffnen das Ausheben einer nicht dargestellten Sperrklinke mittels eines nicht dargestellten Öffnungsantriebs, insbesondere eines Elektromotors.Each motor vehicle lock 3 - at least the side doors 4 - is electrically controlled, preferably motorized, in particular unlocked by electric motor and lockable and / or electric motor openable, in particular designed as a so-called electric lock. For example, to open the lifting of a pawl, not shown, by means of an opening drive, not shown, in particular an electric motor.

Fig. 2 zeigt in einer schematischen, blockschaltbildartigen Darstellung das vorschlagsgemäße Kraftfahrzeugschließsystem 2 mit einem Kraftfahrzeugschloß 3, einer Steuereinrichtung 6 und mindestens einem elektrisch an die Steuereinrichtung 6 angeschlossenen Sensor 7. Beim Darstellungsbeispiel sind mindestens zwei Sensoren 7 an die Steuereinrichtung 6 angeschlossen, wobei die Sensoren 7 der Erfassung einer Betätigung eines Bedienelements, wie eines Türgriffs 8 oder eines Betätigungshebels 9, dienen.Fig. 2 shows in a schematic, block diagram representation of the proposed motor vehicle locking system 2 with a motor vehicle lock 3, a control device 6 and at least one electrically connected to the control device 6 sensor 7. In the illustration, at least two sensors 7 are connected to the control device 6, wherein the sensors 7 of the detection of an operation of a control element, such as a door handle 8 or an actuating lever 9 serve.

Vorzugsweise ist der eine Sensor 7 einem außenseitigen Türgriff 8 und der andere Sensor 7 einem innenseitigen Betätigungshebel 9 o.dgl. einer in Fig. 2 nicht dargestellten Seitentür 4 des Kraftfahrzeugs 1 zur Erfassung der jeweiligen Betätigung zugeordnet.Preferably, one sensor 7 is an outside door handle 8 and the other sensor 7 is an inside operating lever 9 or the like. a not shown in Fig. 2 side door 4 of the motor vehicle 1 assigned to detect the respective operation.

Der Begriff "Betätigung des Bedienelements" ist hier in einem engeren Sinne dahingehend zu verstehen, daß eine mechanische Einwirkung bzw. Bewegung oder Betätigung erfolgt. In einem weiteren Sinne ist hierunter jedoch auch ein Berühren und/oder ein Annähern, insbesondere einer Hand eines nicht dargestellten Bedieners oder Fahrzeuginsassen, zu verstehen, insbesondere um ein Verriegeln, Entriegeln oder Öffnen des zugeordneten Kraftfahrzeugschlosses 3 zu bewirken. Die Sensoren 7 sind ggf. dementsprechend ausgebildet, um auch diese Art von Betätigung zu erfassen und ein entsprechendes Sensorsignal auszugeben.The term "actuation of the operating element" is to be understood here in a narrow sense to the effect that a mechanical action or movement or actuation takes place. In a broader sense, however, this also means a touch and / or an approach, in particular a hand of an operator or vehicle occupant, not shown, in particular to a Lock, unlock or open the associated motor vehicle lock 3 to effect. If necessary, the sensors 7 are accordingly designed to also detect this type of actuation and to output a corresponding sensor signal.

Bei einer Betätigung eines Bedienelements, wie des Türgriffs 8 oder des Betätigungshebels 9, wird ein entsprechendes Sensorsignal von der Steuereinrichtung 6 erfaßt, die dann - wie beim Darstellungsbeispiel - unmittelbar oder über eine sonstige, nicht dargestellte zentrale Steuerung das Kraftfahrzeugschloß 3 zum Öffnen, Entriegeln oder Verriegeln ansteuern kann. Das Bedienelement kann dementsprechend als Schalter, Taster, bewegbare Handhabe, Türinnengriff, Türaußengriff o. dgl. ausgebildet sein. Beispielsweise kann das Bedienelement eine nicht dargestellte Schaltwippe am Türgriff 8 umfassen, die zum Entriegeln, Verriegeln und/oder - insbesondere - Öffnen des zugeordneten Kraftfahrzeugschlosses 3, insbesondere von einer Hand eines nicht dargestellten Bedieners bzw. Fahrzeuginsassen, betätigbar ist.Upon actuation of an operating element, such as the door handle 8 or the operating lever 9, a corresponding sensor signal is detected by the control device 6, which then - as in the illustration example - directly or via another, not shown central control the motor vehicle lock 3 to open, unlock or Locking can control. The operating element can accordingly be configured as a switch, pushbutton, movable handle, door handle, outside door handle or the like. For example, the control element comprise a rocker switch, not shown, on the door handle 8, which can be actuated for unlocking, locking and / or - in particular - opening the associated motor vehicle lock 3, in particular by a hand of an operator or vehicle occupant, not shown.

Der Sensor 7 weist zur Übertragung von Sensorsignalen zwei elektrisch unabhängige Ausgänge 10 auf, wobei die Ausgänge 10 über elektrische Signalleitungen 11 an die Steuereinrichtung 6 angeschlossen sind.The sensor 7 has two electrically independent outputs 10 for transmitting sensor signals, the outputs 10 being connected to the control device 6 via electrical signal lines 11.

Bei entsprechender Ausgestaltung des Sensors 7 können die Ausgänge 10 des Sensors 7 über eine gemeinsame elektrische Signalleitung an die Steuereinrichtung 6 angeschlossen sein. Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten und insoweit bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel ist es allerdings so, daß die Ausgänge 10 des Sensors 7 über separate elektrische Signalleitungen 11 an die Steuereinrichtung 6 angeschlossen sind. Dies ist jedenfalls im Hinblick auf einen möglichen Kabelbruch vorteilhaft.With a corresponding embodiment of the sensor 7, the outputs 10 of the sensor 7 may be connected to the control device 6 via a common electrical signal line. In the exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, however, it is the case that the outputs 10 of the sensor 7 are connected to the control device 6 via separate electrical signal lines 11. In any case, this is advantageous in view of a possible cable break.

Die Steuereinrichtung 6 ist mit einem Verbraucher 25 zu dessen Ansteuerung gekoppelt. Hierfür gibt die Steuereinrichtung 6 Steuersignale an den Verbraucher 25 ab. In besonders bevorzugter Ausgestaltung ist der Verbraucher 25 als Antrieb eines Kraftfahrzeugschlosses 3, vorzugsweise als oben beschriebener Öffnungsantrieb eines Kraftfahrzeugschlosses 3 ausgebildet.The control device 6 is coupled to a consumer 25 for its control. For this purpose, the control device 6 outputs control signals to the load 25. In a particularly preferred embodiment, the consumer 25 is designed as a drive of a motor vehicle lock 3, preferably as described above opening drive of a motor vehicle lock 3.

Eine besonders einfach zu realisierende Ausfiihrungsform sieht vor, daß die an den verschiedenen Ausgängen 10 des Sensors 7 anliegenden Sensorsignale zueinander identisch sind. Dann ist es vorzugsweise so, daß der Sensor 7 zwei elektrisch unabhängige Ausgänge 10 für das gleiche - identische - Sensorsignal aufweist und die Ausgänge 10 über zwei separate elektrische Signalleitungen 11 an zwei separate Eingänge 12 der Steuereinrichtung 6 angeschlossen sind.A particularly simple embodiment provides that the sensor signals applied to the various outputs 10 of the sensor 7 are identical to one another. Then it is preferably such that the sensor 7 has two electrically independent outputs 10 for the same - identical - sensor signal and the outputs 10 are connected via two separate electrical signal lines 11 to two separate inputs 12 of the control device 6.

Für den Fall, daß die Ausgänge 10 des Sensors 7 über separate elektrische Signalleitungen 11 an die Steuereinrichtung 6 angeschlossen sind, kann bei Ausfall einer Signalleitung 11 das jeweilige Sensorsignal noch über eine andere Signalleitung 11 an die Steuereinrichtung 6 übertragen und von dieser ausgewertet werden. Ferner ist es denkbar, daß mittels der Steuereinrichtung 6 ein fehlerhaftes Sensorsignal durch einen Vergleich der über die Signalleitungen 11 übertragenen Sensorsignale detektierbar ist. Dies ist beispielsweise der Fall, wenn die vom Sensor 7 erzeugten Sensorsignale zueinander nicht kompatibel sind.In the event that the outputs 10 of the sensor 7 are connected via separate electrical signal lines 11 to the control device 6, in case of failure of a signal line 11, the respective sensor signal can still be transmitted via another signal line 11 to the control device 6 and evaluated by this. Furthermore, it is conceivable that by means of the control device 6 a faulty sensor signal can be detected by a comparison of the transmitted via the signal lines 11 sensor signals. This is the case, for example, if the sensor signals generated by the sensor 7 are not compatible with one another.

Dementsprechend ergibt sich bei der vorschlagsgemäßen Lösung eine wesentlich größere Sicherheit gegen eine Fehlfunktion des Sensors 7 sowie gegen eine ungewollte Unterbrechung der Übertragung von Sensorsignalen an die Steuereinrichtung 6 und damit insgesamt eine wesentlich erhöhte Funktionssicherheit des Kraftfahrzeugschließsystems 2 bzw. des Kraftfahrzeugs 1.Accordingly, in the proposed solution results in a much greater security against a malfunction of the sensor 7 and against an unwanted interruption of the transmission of sensor signals to the control device 6 and thus a significantly increased reliability of the motor vehicle locking system 2 and der Kraftfahrzeugs 1.

Der Sensor 7 weist - insbesondere bei seiner Ausbildung als Doppelschalter - mindestens zwei, vorzugsweise genau zwei elektrisch unabhängige Eingänge 13 auf, die über separate Versorgungsleitungen 14 an eine Stromversorgung 15 angeschlossen sind. Es ergeben sich zwei elektrisch unabhängige Strompfade für die Sensorsignale, zumindest zwischen einer karosserieseitigen Auswerteelektronik 16 mit der Steuereinrichtung 6 und dem türseitigen Sensor 7 über die Leitungen 11, 14.The sensor 7 has - in particular in its design as a double switch - at least two, preferably exactly two electrically independent inputs 13, which are connected via separate supply lines 14 to a power supply 15. This results in two electrically independent current paths for the sensor signals, at least between a body-side evaluation electronics 16 with the control device 6 and the door-side sensor 7 via the lines 11, 14th

Die Leitungen 11, 14 sind vorzugsweise zu einem nicht dargestellten Verbindungskabel o.dgl. zusammengefaßt. Insbesondere ist das Verbindungskabel ausreichend flexibel ausgebildet, um beispielsweise einen Übergang von der vorzugsweise karosserieseitigen Steuereinrichtung 6 bzw. Auswerteelektronik 16 auf die bewegliche Tür 4 mit dem Sensor 7 und vorzugsweise dem Kraftfahrzeugschloß 3 zu gewährleisten. Vorzugsweise umfaßt das nicht dargestellte Verbindungskabel dann ggf. weitere Leitungen zur Steuerung oder Stromversorgung des Kraftfahrzeugschlosses 3, eines nicht dargestellten Fensterhebers o.dgl.The lines 11, 14 are preferably to a connection cable, not shown, or the like. summarized. In particular, the connection cable is sufficiently flexible, for example, a transition from the preferably body-side control device 6 and evaluation 16 to ensure the movable door 4 with the sensor 7 and preferably the motor vehicle lock 3. Preferably, the connection cable, not shown, then optionally further lines for controlling or powering the motor vehicle lock 3, a window lifter, not shown, or the like.

Die beiden Sensoren 7 sind vorzugsweise zumindest im wesentlichen gleich bzw. identisch aufgebaut, so daß nachfolgend zunächst nur auf den Aufbau eines Sensors 7 näher eingegangen wird.The two sensors 7 are preferably constructed at least substantially the same or identical, so that initially only the structure of a sensor 7 is discussed in more detail below.

Der Sensor 7 ist vorzugsweise schaltend, insbesondere als Doppel- bzw. als Mehrfachschalter, ausgebildet. Eine besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsform sieht vor, daß der Sensor 7 zur Erzeugung von Sensorsignalen parallel mindestens zwei Schaltelemente aufweist, wobei vorzugsweise mindestens eines der Schaltelemente als Schließer und ein anderes der Schaltelemente als Öffner ausgestaltet ist. Hierdurch läßt sich beispielsweise ein Kurzschluß zwischen den separaten Signalleitungen 11 ohne weiteres detektieren.The sensor 7 is preferably designed to be switched, in particular as a double or as a multiple switch. A particularly preferred embodiment provides that the sensor 7 for generating sensor signals in parallel at least two switching elements, wherein preferably at least one of the switching elements as normally open and another of the switching elements is designed as an opener. As a result, for example, a short circuit between the separate signal lines 11 can be detected without further notice.

Besonders einfach und kostengünstig ist die Ausgestaltung des Sensors 7 als Mikroschalter mit zwei unabhängigen Schaltfahnen. Der Mikroschalter weist dann wie oben vorzugsweise zwei voneinander unabhängige Schaltelemente auf.Particularly simple and inexpensive is the design of the sensor 7 as a microswitch with two independent switching flags. The microswitch then preferably has, as above, two independent switching elements.

Der Sensor 7 kann ggf. auch analoge oder digitale Sensorsignale ausgeben, also ggf. nicht nur als Schalter ausgebildet sein. Insbesondere in diesem Fall kann der Sensor 7 durch eine elektronische Schaltung mit zwei separaten Ausgängen 10 ausgebildet sein, die dann ggf. nur über einen gemeinsamen Anschluß mit Strom versorgbar sind.If necessary, the sensor 7 can also output analog or digital sensor signals, that is, if necessary, not only be configured as a switch. In particular, in this case, the sensor 7 may be formed by an electronic circuit with two separate outputs 10, which may then be supplied with power only via a common connection.

Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann der Sensor 7 kapazitiv, induktiv, optisch und/oder piezoelektrisch arbeiten. Insbesondere kann der Sensor 7 auch durch zwei, ggf. elektrisch unabhängige Sensorelemente, beispielsweise Piezoelemente, o.dgl., die insbesondere eine Baueinheit bilden, gebildet sein. In konsequenter Weiterführung dieses Gedankens läßt sich eine besonders sichere Anordnung ganz allgemein dadurch erreichen, daß der Sensor 7 zur Erzeugung von Sensorsignalen mindestens zwei Sensormodule 7a, 7b aufweist, wobei die Sensormodule 7a, 7b vorzugsweise jeweils nach unterschiedlichen Sensor-Wirkprinzipien arbeiten. Entsprechend der obigen Darstellung können die Sensormodule 7a, 7b jeweils kapazitiv, induktiv, optisch und/oder piezoelektrisch arbeiten. Wird nun beispielsweise ein kapazitives Sensormodul 7a mit einem optischen Sensormodul 7b zu einem Sensor 7 kombiniert, so hat ein hohes elektromagnetisches Störfeld allenfalls Auswirkungen auf das kapazitive Sensormodul 7a, während das optische Sensormodul 7b davon unbeeinflußt ist. Der Sensor 7 bleibt im Ergebnis funktionstüchtig. Dies führt wie oben beschrieben zu einer hohen Funktionssicherheit. Fig. 3 zeigt die Ausgestaltung des Sensors 7 mit zwei Sensormodulen 7a, 7b schematisch. Dabei kann es vorgesehen sein, daß der Sensor 7 nur einen einzigen Eingang 13 für den Anschluß an eine einzige Versorgungsleitung 14 aufweist (Ausfiihrungsform a)) oder daß der Sensor 7 zwei elektrisch unabhängige Eingänge 13 aufweist, die über separate Versorgungsleitungen 14 angeschlossen sind (Ausführungsform b)).Alternatively or additionally, the sensor 7 can operate capacitively, inductively, optically and / or piezoelectrically. In particular, the sensor 7 can also be formed by two, possibly electrically independent sensor elements, for example piezo elements or the like, which in particular form a structural unit. In a consistent continuation of this idea, a particularly secure arrangement can generally be achieved in that the sensor 7 for generating sensor signals at least two sensor modules 7a, 7b, wherein the sensor modules 7a, 7b preferably each operate according to different sensor principles of action. As described above, the sensor modules 7a, 7b can each operate capacitively, inductively, optically and / or piezoelectrically. If, for example, a capacitive sensor module 7a is combined with an optical sensor module 7b to form a sensor 7, then a high electromagnetic interference field has at most effects on the capacitive sensor module 7a, while the optical sensor module 7b is unaffected. The sensor 7 remains functional in the result. This leads as described above to a high reliability. Fig. 3 shows the configuration of the sensor 7 with two sensor modules 7a, 7b schematically. It may be provided that the sensor 7 has only a single input 13 for connection to a single supply line 14 (embodiment a)) or that the sensor 7 has two electrically independent inputs 13 which are connected via separate supply lines 14 (embodiment b)).

Vorzugsweise ist der Sensor 7 bzw. dessen Sensorsignal widerstandscodiert oder in sonstiger Weise unterscheidbar. Beim Darstellungsbeispiel ist dem Sensor 7 bzw. jedem gebildeten Strompfad ein Widerstand 17 zugeordnet, der ausgehend von der Stromversorgung 15 zusammen mit eingangs- und/oder ausgangsseitigen Widerständen 18, 19 und 20, die bei durchgeschaltetem Sensor 7 zwischen der Stromversorgung 15 und einem Gegenpotential, insbesondere Masse 21, in Reihe geschaltet sind, einen Spannungsteiler bilden.Preferably, the sensor 7 or its sensor signal is resistance-coded or distinguishable in some other way. In the illustrated example, the sensor 7 or each formed current path is associated with a resistor 17 which, starting from the power supply 15 together with input and / or output side resistors 18, 19 and 20, the sensor 7 is connected between the power supply 15 and a counter potential, in particular mass 21, are connected in series, forming a voltage divider.

Die Steuereinrichtung 6 bzw. deren Eingänge 12 sind beim Darstellungsbeispiel zwischen den Widerständen 19 und 20 an die Strompfade, also parallel zu den Widerständen 20 angeschlossen. Dementsprechend sind die von der Steuereinrichtung 6 erfaßbaren Sensorsignale bzw. deren Spannungen unter anderem von dem Widerstand bzw. den Widerständen 17 des Sensors 7 abhängig und dadurch "widerstandscodiert".The control device 6 or its inputs 12 are connected in the illustrated example between the resistors 19 and 20 to the current paths, ie parallel to the resistors 20. Accordingly, the detectable by the control device 6 sensor signals or their voltages among other things of the resistor or the resistors 17 of the sensor 7 and thus "resistance-coded".

Bei Ausfall einer Signalleitung 11 und/oder einer Versorgungsleitung 14 kann die Steuereinrichtung 6 über den anderen Strompfad bzw. die andere Signalleitung 14 ein Sensorsignal weiterhin vom Sensor 7 empfangen und auswerten. Die Funktion des Kraftfahrzeugschließsystems 2 bzw. des Kraftfahrzeugs 1 wird dementsprechend nicht beeinträchtigt. Weiter kann die Steuereinrichtung 6 aufgrund der Widerstandscodierung bzw. Spannungsteilung feststellen, ob und ggf. wo eine Leitungsunterbrechung oder ein Kurzschluß vorliegt. Dies ermöglicht eine einfache Fehlererfassung.In the event of failure of a signal line 11 and / or a supply line 14, the control device 6 can continue to receive and evaluate a sensor signal from the sensor 7 via the other current path or the other signal line 14. The function of the motor vehicle locking system 2 or of the motor vehicle 1 is accordingly not impaired. Next, the control device 6 due to the resistance coding or voltage division determine if and where there is a line interruption or a short circuit. This allows easy error detection.

Beim Darstellungsbeispiel ist vorzugsweise weiter vorgesehen, daß zusätzlich der zweite Sensor 7 über separate oder ggf. gemeinsame Signalleitungen 11 an die gleichen Eingänge 12 der Steuereinrichtung 6 angeschlossen ist. Insbesondere sind die beiden Sensoren 7 mit ihren beiden Strompfaden für ihre Sensorsignale jeweils parallel geschaltet.In the illustrated example, it is preferably further provided that in addition the second sensor 7 is connected via separate or possibly common signal lines 11 to the same inputs 12 of the control device 6. In particular, the two sensors 7 are each connected in parallel with their two current paths for their sensor signals.

Die Unterscheidung der Sensorsignale erfolgt dann vorzugsweise durch unterschiedliche Widerstandscodierung bzw. Signalspannungen. Insbesondere unterscheiden sich die Widerstände 17 des einen Sensors 7 in ihren Werten von denen der Widerstände 17 des anderen Sensors 7. Vorzugsweise unterscheiden sich also die von der Steuereinrichtung 6 detektierbaren Sensorsignale 7 in der Höhe ihrer Spannung, abhängig davon, von welchem Sensor 7 sie stammen. Dementsprechend sind die Sensorsignale 7 unterscheidbar.The differentiation of the sensor signals is then preferably carried out by different resistance coding or signal voltages. In particular, the resistances 17 of the one sensor 7 differ in their values from those of the resistors 17 of the other sensor 7. Thus, the sensor signals 7 detectable by the control device 6 preferably differ in the magnitude of their voltage, depending on which sensor 7 they originate from , Accordingly, the sensor signals 7 are distinguishable.

Im dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind zwei Sensoren 7 mit der Steuereinrichtung 6 verbunden. Dies entspricht dem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel einer Zuordnung der beiden Sensoren 7 zu einem Türinnengriff einerseits und einem Türaußengriff andererseits. Grundsätzlich ist mit Widerstandskodierung oder einer anderen Art der Kodierung auch die Möglichkeit gegeben, mehrere Sensoren 7 an die beiden Eingänge 12 der Steuereinrichtung 6 anzuschließen. Überdies kann man natürlich auch mehrere Gruppen von Sensoren an mehrere Gruppen von Eingängen der Steuereinrichtung anschließen.In the illustrated embodiment, two sensors 7 are connected to the control device 6. This corresponds to the preferred embodiment of an assignment of the two sensors 7 to a door inner handle on the one hand and an outside door handle on the other. In principle, with resistance coding or another type of coding, it is also possible to connect a plurality of sensors 7 to the two inputs 12 of the control device 6. Moreover, one can of course also connect several groups of sensors to several groups of inputs of the control device.

Die genannte parallele Schaltung der Sensoren 7 hat den Vorteil, daß keine zusätzlichen Eingänge 12 an der Steuereinrichtung 6 erforderlich sind. Insbesondere können der Verkabelungsaufwand bzw. Schaltungsaufwand und damit auch die Anfälligkeit für Fehler verringert werden.Said parallel circuit of the sensors 7 has the advantage that no additional inputs 12 to the control device 6 are required. In particular, the cabling effort or circuit complexity and thus the susceptibility to errors can be reduced.

Die Steuereinrichtung 6 ist vorzugsweise durch eine integrierte Schaltung oder einen sogenannten Mikrocontroller mit entsprechenden Ports für die Eingänge 12 gebildet.The control device 6 is preferably formed by an integrated circuit or a so-called microcontroller with corresponding ports for the inputs 12.

Die in Fig. 2 angedeuteten Kondensatoren 22 dienen einer Ableitung von unerwünschten Störungen o.dgl. bzw. als Filter.The indicated in Fig. 2 capacitors 22 serve a derivative of unwanted noise or the like. or as a filter.

Die Auswerteelektronik 16 bildet vorzugsweise eine Baueinheit, die wie bereits erläutert karosserieseitig oder zentral am bzw. im Kraftfahrzeug 1 angeordnet ist.The evaluation electronics 16 preferably forms a structural unit which, as already explained, is arranged on the body side or centrally on or in the motor vehicle 1.

Beim dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Steuereinrichtung 6 bzw. die Auswerteelektronik 16 nur einer Kraftfahrzeugtür 4 mit den beiden Sensoren 7 zugeordnet. Jedoch können auch die Sensoren 7 von mehreren Kraftfahrzeugtüren 4 an dieselbe Steuereinrichtung 6 bzw. Auswerteelektronik 16 angeschlossen sein, insbesondere wenn die einzelnen Sensoren 7 unterschiedlich "widerstandscodiert" sind und/oder die Einrichtung 6 eine entsprechende Anzahl von Eingängen 12, insbesondere zum paarweisen Anschluß von Sensoren 7, aufweist.In the illustrated embodiment, the control device 6 or the evaluation electronics 16 is assigned only to a motor vehicle door 4 with the two sensors 7. However, the sensors 7 of several motor vehicle doors 4 may be connected to the same control device 6 or evaluation electronics 16, in particular if the individual sensors 7 are "resistance-coded" differently and / or the device 6 has a corresponding number of inputs 12, in particular for pairwise connection of Sensors 7, comprising.

Entsprechend können bedarfsweise auch mehrere Kraftfahrzeugschlösser 3 mittelbar oder unmittelbar an die Steuereinrichtung 6 bzw. die Auswerteelektronik 16 angeschlossen sein.Correspondingly, if necessary, several motor vehicle locks 3 can also be connected directly or indirectly to the control device 6 or the evaluation electronics 16.

Nach einer weiteren Lehre, der ebenfalls eigenständige Bedeutung zukommt, wird neben der oben beschriebenen, redundanten Auslegung und Anbindung des Sensors 7 die redundante Ausgestaltung der Steuereinrichtung 6 beansprucht. Zwei bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele für eine derartige redundante Steuereinrichtung 6 zeigen die Fig. 4 und 5. Die obigen Ausführungen gelten für diese weiteren Ausführungsbeispiele entsprechend.According to another teaching, which also has independent significance, in addition to the above-described redundant design and connection of the sensor 7, the redundant design of the control device 6 is claimed. Two preferred exemplary embodiments of such a redundant control device 6 are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The above explanations apply correspondingly to these further exemplary embodiments.

An die in Fig. 4 dargestellte Steuereinrichtung 6 sind zwei Sensoren 7 angeschlossen, die wie oben vorzugsweise der Erfassung einer Betätigung eines Bedienelements, wie eines Türgriffs 8 oder eines Betätigungshebels 9 dienen. Entsprechendes ist in Fig. 5 dargestellt. Eine ggf. vorhandene Stromversorgung für die Sensoren 7 ist hier nicht dargestellt.To the control device 6 shown in Fig. 4, two sensors 7 are connected, which serve as above preferably the detection of an actuation of a control element, such as a door handle 8 or an actuating lever 9. The same is shown in Fig. 5. Any existing power supply for the sensors 7 is not shown here.

Wesentlich ist nun, daß die Steuereinrichtung 6 mindestens eine erste Auswerteeinheit 23 und eine weitere, von der ersten Auswerteeinheit 23 unabhängige, zweite Auswerteeinheit 24 aufweist, wobei die Steuereinrichtung 6 die von den Sensoren 7 erzeugten Sensorsignale im wesentlichen parallel durch beide Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 auswertet und basierend auf dieser Auswertung Steuersignale an den Verbraucher 25 abgibt. Die Ansteuerung des Verbrauchers 25 durch die Steuereinrichtung 6 wird noch im Detail erläutert.It is essential that the control device 6 has at least one first evaluation unit 23 and a further second evaluation unit 24 independent of the first evaluation unit 23, the control device 6 having the Sensor signals generated by the sensors 7 substantially parallel by both evaluation 23, 24 evaluates and outputs control signals to the consumer 25 based on this evaluation. The control of the load 25 by the control device 6 will be explained in detail.

Den Fig. 4, 5 ist zu entnehmen, daß die Steuereinrichtung 6 mit dem Verbraucher 25 zu dessen Ansteuerung, in Fig. 4 über die Steuerleitungen 26, gekoppelt ist. Der Verbraucher 25 ist, wie schon angesprochen, vorzugsweise als Antrieb eines Kraftfahrzeugschlosses 3, insbesondere als Öffnungsantrieb eines Kraftfahrzeugschlosses 3 ausgebildet.FIGS. 4, 5 show that the control device 6 is coupled to the load 25 for driving it, in FIG. 4 via the control lines 26. The consumer 25 is, as already mentioned, preferably designed as a drive of a motor vehicle lock 3, in particular as an opening drive of a motor vehicle lock 3.

Ähnlich wie die in Fig. 2 dargestellten Sensoren 7 weisen die in den Fig. 4, 5 dargestellten Sensoren 7 zur Übertragung von Sensorsignalen jeweils zwei elektrisch unabhängige Ausgänge 10 auf, die über zwei separate elektrische Signalleitungen 11 an zwei separate Eingänge 12 der Steuereinrichtung 6 angeschlossen sind. Durch diese redundante Auslegung bzw. Anbindung der Sensoren 7 lassen sich die beschriebenen Vorteile erreichen. Auf die obigen Ausführungen darf verwiesen werden. Es ist grundsätzlich aber auch möglich, hier Sensoren 7 jeweils über nur eine Signalleitung an die Steuereinrichtung 6 anzuschließen.Similar to the sensors 7 shown in FIG. 2, the sensors 7 shown in FIGS. 4, 5 for transmitting sensor signals each have two electrically independent outputs 10 which are connected via two separate electrical signal lines 11 to two separate inputs 12 of the control device 6 are. Through this redundant design or connection of the sensors 7, the advantages described can be achieved. Reference may be made to the above statements. In principle, however, it is also possible to connect sensors 7 to the control device 6 via only one signal line in each case.

Der Anschluß der Sensoren 7 ist in den Fig. 4, 5 gestrichelt dargestellt, um anzudeuten, daß auch hier eine oben angesprochene Widerstandskodierung vorgesehen sein kann.The connection of the sensors 7 is shown in dashed lines in FIGS. 4, 5 in order to indicate that a resistance coding mentioned above can also be provided here.

Bei dem in Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel ist es so, daß zur Auswertung der Sensorsignale beide Ausgänge 10 des Sensors 7 jeweils beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 zugeordnet sind. Dies ist insofern vorteilhaft, als ein Kabelbruch bei entsprechender Auslegung durch die jeweilige Auswerteeinheit 23, 24 detektierbar ist.In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, both outputs 10 of the sensor 7 are assigned to two evaluation units 23, 24 for evaluation of the sensor signals. This is advantageous in that a cable break can be detected by the respective evaluation unit 23, 24 if it is designed accordingly.

Die in Fig. 5 dargestellte Ausführungsform folgt einem anderen Konzept. Hier ist zur Auswertung der Sensorsignale der eine Ausgang 10 des Sensors 7 der einen Auswerteeinheit 23 und der andere Ausgang 10 des Sensors 7 der anderen Auswerteeinheit 24 zugeordnet. Ein Kabelbruch führt hier dazu, daß nur eine der beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 auf die Betätigung beispielsweise des Türaußengriffes reagieren kann. Im Ergebnis werden die beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 nicht übereinstimmende bzw. nicht kompatible Auswertesignale erzeugen, wodurch der Kabelbruch wiederum von der Steuereinrichtung 6 detektierbar ist.The embodiment shown in Fig. 5 follows another concept. Here, an output 10 of the sensor 7 of an evaluation unit 23 and the other output 10 of the sensor 7 of the other evaluation unit 24 is assigned to the evaluation of the sensor signals. A cable break leads to the fact that only one of the two evaluation units 23, 24 on the operation, for example the outside door handle can react. As a result, the two evaluation units 23, 24 will generate mismatched or incompatible evaluation signals, as a result of which the cable break can again be detected by the control device 6.

Für die Realisierung der Steuereinrichtung 6 sind eine Reihe von Möglichkeiten denkbar. Grundsätzlich kann die Steuereinrichtung 6 hardwaremäßig und "fest verdrahtet" ausgestaltet sein. Dies ist zwar eine besonders zuverlässige Variante, aber unflexibel, aufwendig und kostspielig.For the realization of the control device 6, a number of possibilities are conceivable. In principle, the control device 6 can be configured in terms of hardware and "hard-wired". Although this is a particularly reliable variant, but inflexible, consuming and expensive.

Günstiger ist die Ausstattung der Steuereinrichtung 6 mit mindestens einem Mikrocontroller o. dgl., auf dem eine Steuerungssoftware lauffähig ist. Dies wurde weiter oben bereits angedeutet. Der Begriff "Mikrocontroller" umfaßt vorliegend alle programmierbaren elektronischen Bauelemente sowie Kombinationen dieser programmierbaren Bauelemente. Durch die Programmierbarkeit von Mikrocontrollern ist eine maximale Flexibilität bei minimalen Hardwarekosten gewährleistet.Cheaper is the equipment of the control device 6 with at least one microcontroller o. The like., On which a control software is executable. This has already been indicated above. The term "microcontroller" in the present case includes all programmable electronic components and combinations of these programmable components. The programmability of microcontrollers ensures maximum flexibility with minimal hardware costs.

Bei der Realisierung der Steuereinrichtung 6 mit einem Mikrocontroller sind die beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 jeweils zumindest zum Teil softwaremäßig realisiert. Um die Unabhängigkeit der beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 sicherzustellen, ist es hier vorgesehen, den beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 unterschiedliche Speicherbereiche des Mikrocontrollers zuzuordnen.In the realization of the control device 6 with a microcontroller, the two evaluation units 23, 24 are realized in each case at least partially in software. In order to ensure the independence of the two evaluation units 23, 24, it is provided here to assign the two evaluation units 23, 24 different memory areas of the microcontroller.

Bei den in den Fig. 4, 5 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispielen sind die Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 jeweils mit einem Eingangsmodul 27 für den Anschluß des Sensors 7 und mit einem Ausgangsmodul 28 für den Anschluß des Verbrauchers 25 ausgestattet. Die in Fig. 5 dargestellte Steuereinrichtung 6 zeigt ferner ein Verarbeitungsmodul 29 zwischen dem Eingangsmodul 27 und dem Ausgangsmodul 28, das eine entsprechende Logik für die Erzeugung der Auswertesignale aufweist. Ein entsprechendes Verarbeitungsmodul 29 ist auch bei dem in Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel vorhanden, jedoch nicht dargestellt.In the exemplary embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 4, 5, the evaluation units 23, 24 are each equipped with an input module 27 for the connection of the sensor 7 and with an output module 28 for the connection of the load 25. The control device 6 shown in FIG. 5 further shows a processing module 29 between the input module 27 and the output module 28, which has a corresponding logic for generating the evaluation signals. A corresponding processing module 29 is also present in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, but not shown.

Um die oben beschriebene Unabhängigkeit der Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 voneinander zu gewährleisten, ist es hier insbesondere vorgesehen, daß den Eingangsmodulen 27 der beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 unterschiedliche Speicherbereiche des Mikrocontrollers o. dgl. zugeordnet sind. Das gleiche gilt für die Ausgangsmodule 28. In Fig. 5 sind den Eingangsmodulen 27 und den Ausgangsmodulen 28 entsprechend voneinander getrennte Register (Speicher) 30 zugeordnet.In order to ensure the above-described independence of the evaluation units 23, 24 from each other, it is particularly provided here that the input modules 27 of the two evaluation units 23, 24 different memory areas of the microcontroller o. The like. Are assigned. The same applies to the output modules 28. In FIG. 5, the input modules 27 and the output modules 28 are assigned correspondingly separate registers (memories) 30.

Es darf darauf hingewiesen werden, daß ein maximales Maß an Unabhängigkeit zwischen den beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 dadurch realisierbar ist, daß die beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 jeweils zumindest zum Teil in getrennter Hardware realisiert sind. In Fällen mit besonders hohen Sicherheitsanforderungen kann es ggf. vertretbar sein, die hiermit grundsätzlich verbundene Einbuße an Flexibilität in Kauf zu nehmen.It should be pointed out that a maximum degree of independence between the two evaluation units 23, 24 can be realized in that the two evaluation units 23, 24 are each realized at least partially in separate hardware. In cases with particularly high security requirements, it may be justifiable to accept the inherent loss of flexibility.

Bei dem in Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel sind mittels der ersten Auswerteeinheit 23 basierend auf den Sensorsignalen Steuersignale zur Ansteuerung des Verbrauchers 25 erzeugbar. Die Auswerteeinheit 23 als solche läßt sich also grundsätzlich als konventionelle Steuerung betreiben. Zur Gewährleistung der steuerungstechnischen Redundanz sind nun mittels der zweiten Auswerteeinheit 24 basierend auf den Sensorsignalen Freigabesignale erzeugbar, wobei der Verbraucher 25 durch die Steuersignale der ersten Auswerteeinheit 23 nur ansteuerbar ist, wenn die zweite Auswerteeinheit 24 ein entsprechendes Freigabesignal erzeugt. Notwendig für die Ansteuerung des Verbrauchers 25 ist hier also einerseits die Erzeugung von Steuersignalen durch die erste Auswerteeinheit 23 und die Erzeugung eines Freigabesignals durch die zweite Auswerteeinheit 24.In the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, control signals for driving the load 25 can be generated by means of the first evaluation unit 23 based on the sensor signals. The evaluation unit 23 as such can thus basically operate as conventional control. To ensure control redundancy, release signals can now be generated by means of the second evaluation unit based on the sensor signals, wherein the load 25 can only be activated by the control signals of the first evaluation unit if the second evaluation unit generates a corresponding release signal. Necessary for the control of the consumer 25 is thus on the one hand the generation of control signals by the first evaluation unit 23 and the generation of an enable signal by the second evaluation unit 24th

Die obigen Steuersignale werden durch die erste Auswerteeinheit 23 nur dann erzeugt, wenn der Sensor 7 "betätigt" ist und entsprechende Sensorsignale an den Leitungen 11 anliegen. Auch das Freigabesignal wird von der zweiten Auswerteeinheit 24 nur dann erzeugt, wenn der Sensor 7 "betätigt" ist.The above control signals are generated by the first evaluation unit 23 only when the sensor 7 is "actuated" and corresponding sensor signals are applied to the lines 11. The release signal is also generated by the second evaluation unit 24 only when the sensor 7 is "actuated".

Durch das oben beschriebene Konzept basierend auf der Erzeugung von Steuersignalen einerseits und Freigabesignalen andererseits ist eine ungewollte, durch eine Fehlfunktion einer der Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 verursachte Ansteuerung des Verbrauchers 25 weitgehend ausgeschlossen. Erzeugt beispielsweise die erste Auswerteeinheit 23 fälschlicherweise Steuersignale, ohne daß eine Betätigung des Sensors 7 stattgefunden hat, so bleibt die Ansteuerung des Verbrauchers 25 dennoch aus. Die zweite Auswerteeinheit 24 erzeugt nämlich kein Freigabesignal, da sie keine Betätigung des Sensors 7 detektiert.By the above-described concept based on the generation of control signals on the one hand and release signals on the other hand, an unwanted, caused by a malfunction of one of the evaluation units 23, 24 control of the consumer 25 is largely excluded. For example, the first evaluation unit 23 erroneously generates control signals without that an actuation of the sensor 7 has taken place, so the control of the load 25 is still off. Namely, the second evaluation unit 24 does not generate an enable signal because it detects no operation of the sensor 7.

Der Verbraucher 25 weist vorzugsweise einen über eine Brückenschaltung verschalteten Antriebsmotor 31 auf, wobei die Steuereinrichtung 6 zur Ansteuerung des Verbrauchers 25 mit der Brückenschaltung gekoppelt ist. Die erste Auswerteeinheit 23 ist hier nach Art einer konventionellen Steuerung mit dem Verbraucher 25 gekoppelt. Die zweite Auswerteeinheit 24 ist mit einem Schalter gekoppelt, der in den für die Aktivierung des Verbrauchers 25 maßgeblichen Strompfad geschaltet ist. Dieser Schalter kann ein einzelner Feldeffekttransistor o. dgl. sein. Bei dem in Fig. 4 dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiel verläuft dieser Strompfad über die Schalter 32, 33 der Brückenschaltung, zu denen der mit der zweiten Auswerteeinheit 24 gekoppelte Schalter in Reihe geschaltet ist.The load 25 preferably has a drive motor 31 connected via a bridge circuit, wherein the control device 6 is coupled to the bridge circuit for driving the load 25. The first evaluation unit 23 is here coupled to the consumer 25 in the manner of a conventional control. The second evaluation unit 24 is coupled to a switch which is connected in the decisive for the activation of the load 25 current path. This switch may be a single field effect transistor or the like. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, this current path extends via the switches 32, 33 of the bridge circuit, to which the switch coupled to the second evaluation unit 24 is connected in series.

Das in Fig. 5 dargestellte Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt eine andere Struktur einer redundanten Steuereinrichtung 6. Hier sind die beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 im wesentlichen identisch ausgebildet, wobei mittels der beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 basierend auf den Sensorsignalen parallel zueinander Steuersignale erzeugbar sind. Hier sind also zwei Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 vorgesehen, die jeweils für sich genommen nach Art einer konventionellen Steuerung arbeiten. Bei dieser redundanten Steuereinrichtung 6 ist der Verbraucher 25 durch die Steuersignale nur ansteuerbar, wenn die beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 identische Steuersignale erzeugen. Hierfür weist die Steuereinrichtung 6 vorzugsweise ein Verknüpfungsmodul 34 auf, das vorzugsweise eine UND-Verknüpfung zwischen den Steuersignalen der beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 bereitstellt. Eine UND-Verknüpfung in obigem Sinne schaltet die Steuersignale an den Verbraucher 25 durch, sofern beide Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 identische Steuersignale erzeugen. Für den Fall, daß die beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 voneinander abweichende Steuersignale erzeugen, bleibt also die Ansteuerung des Verbrauchers 25 aus. Die Kopplung zwischen dem Verknüpfungsmodul 34 und dem Verbraucher 25 ist in Fig. 5 nur schematisch durch einen Pfeil dargestellt.The embodiment shown in Fig. 5 shows another structure of a redundant control device 6. Here, the two evaluation units 23, 24 are formed substantially identical, wherein by means of the two evaluation units 23, 24 based on the sensor signals in parallel control signals can be generated. Here, therefore, two evaluation units 23, 24 are provided, which in each case work in the manner of a conventional control. In the case of this redundant control device 6, the load 25 can only be activated by the control signals if the two evaluation units 23, 24 generate identical control signals. For this purpose, the control device 6 preferably has a linking module 34, which preferably provides an AND connection between the control signals of the two evaluation units 23, 24. An AND operation in the above sense switches the control signals to the load 25, provided that both evaluation units 23, 24 generate identical control signals. In the event that the two evaluation units 23, 24 generate different control signals, so the control of the load 25 remains off. The coupling between the linking module 34 and the consumer 25 is shown in Fig. 5 only schematically by an arrow.

Grundsätzlich kann es auch vorgesehen sein, daß die beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 nicht identisch ausgestaltet, beispielsweise unterschiedlich programmiert sind. Dann ist es Aufgabe des Verknüpfungsmoduls 34 herauszufinden, ob die von den Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 erzeugten Steuersignale zueinander kompatibel sind und welche Steuersignale ggf. an den Verbraucher 25 abzugeben sind.In principle, it can also be provided that the two evaluation units 23, 24 are not configured identically, for example differently programmed. Then it is the task of the linking module 34 to find out whether the control signals generated by the evaluation units 23, 24 are compatible with each other and which control signals may have to be delivered to the consumer 25.

In besonders bevorzugter Ausgestaltung ist die Steuereinrichtung 6 mit einem Überwachungsmodul 35 ausgestattet (Fig. 5), das mit den beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 gekoppelt ist und diese überwacht. Ferner ist es vorzugsweise vorgesehen, daß das Überwachungsmodul 35 die jeweiligen Funktionszustände der Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 miteinander vergleicht, um ggf. auftretende Fehlerzustände zu detektieren. Beispielsweise läßt sich mit dem Überwachungsmodul 35 auch erkennen, ob eine der beiden Auswerteeinheiten 23, 24 einen "unerlaubten" Zustand einnimmt. Dies kann beispielsweise im Falle eines Kabelbruchs beim oben angesprochenen redundanten Anschluß des Sensors 7 auftreten.In a particularly preferred embodiment, the control device 6 is equipped with a monitoring module 35 (FIG. 5), which is coupled to the two evaluation units 23, 24 and monitors them. Furthermore, it is preferably provided that the monitoring module 35 compares the respective functional states of the evaluation units 23, 24 with one another in order to detect any possible error conditions. For example, the monitoring module 35 can also detect whether one of the two evaluation units 23, 24 assumes an "unauthorized" state. This can occur, for example, in the case of a cable break in the above-mentioned redundant connection of the sensor 7.

Es darf noch darauf hingewiesen werden, daß es in bestimmten Anwendungsfällen vorteilhaft sein kann, die in Fig. 5 dargestellte Steuereinrichtung 6 zusätzlich mit einer oben beschriebenen, Freigabesignale erzeugenden Auswerteeinheit zu versehen. Dadurch läßt sich die Funktionssicherheit der Anordnung weiter erhöhen. Ferner kann die obige, redundante Steuereinrichtung 6 zur Maximierung der Funktionssicherheit mit der weiter oben beschriebenen redundanten Auslegung bzw. Anbindung des Sensors 7 kombiniert werden.It may also be pointed out that in certain applications it may be advantageous to additionally provide the control device 6 shown in FIG. 5 with an evaluation unit which generates the above-described enable signals. As a result, the reliability of the arrangement can be further increased. Furthermore, the above, redundant control device 6 can be combined to maximize the reliability with the above-described redundant design or connection of the sensor 7.

Bei den voranstehend erläuterten Darstellungsbeispielen dient der Sensor 7 bzw. dienen die Sensoren 7 insbesondere der Erfassung einer Betätigung zum Öffnen des zugeordneten Kraftfahrzeugschlosses 3. Der Verbraucher 25 ist hier als Öffnungsantrieb des Kraftfahrzeugschlosses 3 ausgebildet. Jedoch kann alternativ oder zusätzlich der Sensor 7 auch dem Kraftfahrzeug 3 selbst zugeordnet, insbesondere in diesem angeordnet sein, um beispielsweise einen Zustand des Kraftfahrzeugschlosses 3, zu erfassen.In the above-described illustrative examples, the sensor 7 or serve the sensors 7 in particular the detection of an operation for opening the associated motor vehicle lock 3. The consumer 25 is formed here as an opening drive of the motor vehicle lock 3. However, alternatively or additionally, the sensor 7 may also be assigned to the motor vehicle 3 itself, in particular arranged in it, in order for example to detect a state of the motor vehicle lock 3.

Der vorschlagsgemäße Anschluß des Sensors 7 bzw. der Sensoren 7 an die Steuereinrichtung 6 ist nicht auf das Kraftfahrzeugschließsystem 2 beschränkt, sondern kann für quasi beliebige Sensoren des Kraftfahrzeugs 1 - beispielsweise für einen elektrischen Fensterheber, für Sicherheitssysteme, wie Airbag-Systeme oder auslösbare Kopfstützen, o.dgl. - eingesetzt werden, insbesondere wenn eine besonders hohe Ausfallsicherheit gewünscht wird bzw. erforderlich ist.The proposed connection of the sensor 7 or the sensors 7 to the control device 6 is not limited to the motor vehicle locking system 2, but for virtually any sensors of the motor vehicle 1 - for example, for an electric window, for security systems, such as airbag systems or releasable headrests, or the like. - Be used, especially if a particularly high reliability is desired or required.

Nach einer weiteren Lehre, der ebenfalls eigenständige Bedeutung zukommt, wird das Kraftfahrzeugschließsystem 2 des vorschlagsgemäßen Kraftfahrzeugs 1 als solches beansprucht. Auf die obigen Ausführungen darf verwiesen werden.According to another teaching, which also has independent significance, the motor vehicle locking system 2 of the proposed motor vehicle 1 is claimed as such. Reference may be made to the above statements.

Claims (32)

  1. Motor vehicle having a control device (6) and having at least one sensor (7) which is electrically connected to the control device (6), in particular for detecting a state of a motor-vehicle lock (3) or operation of an operator control element, such as a door handle (8) or operating lever (9),
    characterized
    in that the sensor (7) has at least two, preferably precisely two, electrically independent outputs (10) for transmitting sensor signals, and the outputs (10) are connected to the control device (6) via electrical signal lines (11).
  2. Motor vehicle according to Claim 1, characterized in that the outputs (10) of the sensor (7) are connected to the control device (6) via separate electrical signal lines (11).
  3. Motor vehicle according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the control device (6) outputs control signals to a load (25), preferably in that the load (25) is in the form of a drive of a motor-vehicle lock (3), further preferably in the form of an opening drive of a motor-vehicle lock (3).
  4. Motor vehicle according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sensor signals which are produced at the various outputs (10) of the sensor (7) are identical to one another, preferably in that the sensor (7) has two electrically independent outputs (10) for the same sensor signal, and the outputs (10) are connected to two separate inputs (12) of the control device (6) via two separate electrical signal lines (11).
  5. Motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, if one signal line (11) fails, the sensor signal can still be transmitted to the control device (6) via another signal line (11) and can be evaluated by the said control device, and/or in that the control device (6) can detect a faulty sensor signal by comparing the sensor signals which are transmitted via the signal lines (11).
  6. Motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor (7) has at least two, preferably precisely two, electrically independent inputs (13) for the outputs (10), and the inputs (13) are connected to a power-supply means (15) via separate supply lines (14).
  7. Motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor (7) is formed to switch, in particular as a double or multiple switch.
  8. Motor vehicle according to Claim 7, characterized in that the sensor (7) has, in parallel, at least two switching elements for generating sensor signals, with at least one of the switching elements being designed as a closing means and another switching element being designed as an opening means.
  9. Motor vehicle according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the sensor (7) is in the form of a microswitch with two independent switching lugs.
  10. Motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor operates in a capacitive, inductive, optical and/or piezoelectric manner.
  11. Motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sensor (7) has at least two sensor modules (7a, 7b) for generating sensor signals, preferably in that the sensor modules (7a, 7b) each operate according to different sensor operating principles, preferably in that the sensor modules (7a, 7b) each operate in a capacitive, inductive, optical and/or piezoelectric manner.
  12. Motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each sensor signal is resistance-coded or subject to voltage division, so that a line interruption and/or a short circuit in a current path of the sensor signal can be detected by the control device (6).
  13. Motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two or more sensors (7) with in each case two electrically independent outputs (10) for their sensor signals are each connected to two separate inputs (12) of the control device (6) via two signal lines (11), preferably with in each case at least one common line section.
  14. Motor vehicle according to Claim 13, characterized in that the sensor signals of the sensors (7) are resistance-coded in different ways or have different voltages, so that the sensor signals can be detected independently of one another by the control device (6).
  15. Motor vehicle having a control device (6) and having at least one sensor (7) which is electrically connected to the control device (6), in particular for detecting a state of a motor-vehicle lock (3) or operation of an operator control element, such as a door handle (8) or operating lever (9), in particular according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized
    in that the control device (6) has at least one first evaluation unit (23) and one further second evaluation unit (24) which is independent of the first evaluation unit (23), in that the control device (6) evaluates the sensor signals which are generated by the sensor (7) substantially in parallel by means of the two evaluation units (23, 24) and outputs control signals to a load (25) on the basis of this evaluation.
  16. Motor vehicle according to Claim 15, characterized in that the control device (6) is coupled to the actuating means of the load (25), preferably in that the load (25) is in the form of a drive of a motor-vehicle lock (3), further preferably in the form of an opening drive of a motor-vehicle lock (3) .
  17. Motor vehicle according to Claim 15 or 16, characterized in that the sensor (7) has at least two, preferably precisely two, electrically independent outputs (10) for transmitting sensor signals, and the outputs (10) are connected to the control device (6) via, preferably separate, electrical signal lines (11).
  18. Motor vehicle according to one of Claims 15 to 17, characterized by the features of the characterizing parts of one or more of Claims 2 to 14.
  19. Motor vehicle according to Claim 17 and possibly Claim 18, characterized in that the outputs (10) of the sensor (7) are in each case associated with both evaluation units (23, 24) for evaluation purposes, or in that one output (10) of the sensor (7) is associated with one evaluation unit (23) and another output of the sensor (7) is associated with the other evaluation unit (24) for evaluation purposes.
  20. Motor vehicle according to one of Claims 15 to 19, characterized in that the control device (6) has at least one microcontroller or the like on which control software can be run.
  21. Motor vehicle according to Claim 20, characterized in that the two evaluation units (23, 24) are implemented at least partly by software in the microcontroller or the like of the control device (6), preferably in that different memory areas of the microcontroller or the like are associated with the two evaluation units (23, 24).
  22. Motor vehicle according to Claim 21, characterized in that the two evaluation units (23, 24) are equipped with an input module (27) for the connection of the sensor (7) and/or with an output module (28) for the connection of the load (25), with different memory areas of the microcontroller or the like being associated with the input modules (27) and/or the output modules (28) of the two evaluation units (23, 24).
  23. Motor vehicle according to one of Claims 15 to 22, characterized in that the two evaluation units (23, 24) are each implemented at least partly in separate hardware.
  24. Motor vehicle according to one of Claims 15 to 23, characterized in that control signals for actuating the load (25) can be generated by means of the first evaluation unit (23) on the basis of the sensor signals, in that enable signals can be generated by means of the second evaluation unit (24) on the basis of the sensor signals, and in that the load (25) can only be actuated by the control signals of the first evaluation unit (23) when the second evaluation unit (24) generates a corresponding enable signal.
  25. Motor vehicle according to Claim 24, characterized in that the load (25) has a drive motor (31) which is connected via a bridge circuit, in that the control device (6) is coupled to the bridge circuit for the purpose of actuating the load (25), and in that the second evaluation unit (24) is coupled to a switch which is connected in the current path which is important for activation of the load (25).
  26. Motor vehicle according to one of Claims 15 to 23, characterized in that the two evaluation units (23, 24) are substantially identical, in that control signals can be generated by means of the two evaluation units (23, 24) on the basis of the sensor signals in parallel with one another, and in that the load (25) can only be actuated by these control signals when the two evaluation units (23, 24) generate identical or compatible control signals, preferably in that the control device (6) has a logic module (34) for this purpose, further preferably in that the logic module (34) logically ANDs the control signals of the two evaluation units (23, 24).
  27. Motor vehicle according to one of Claims 15 to 26, characterized in that the control device (6) has a monitoring module (35), in that the monitoring module (35) is coupled to the evaluation units (23, 24) and monitors the latter, preferably in that the monitoring module (35) monitors the respective functional states of the evaluation units (23, 24) and compares them with one another in order to detect fault states.
  28. Motor vehicle according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the motor vehicle (1) has a motor-vehicle locking system (2) with which the control device (6) and the sensor (7) or the sensors (7) are associated.
  29. Motor vehicle according to Claim 28, characterized in that the motor-vehicle locking system (2) has the motor-vehicle lock (3) with which the sensor (7) or the sensors (7), in particular for detecting an opening, unlocking and/or locking state of the motor-vehicle lock (3), is/are associated.
  30. Motor vehicle according to Claim 28 or 29, characterized in that the motor-vehicle locking system (2) has the operator control element with which the sensor (7) for detecting operation of the operator control element, in particular for opening, unlocking and/or locking the motor-vehicle lock (3), is associated.
  31. Motor vehicle according to Claim 30, characterized in that, when there are two sensors (7), one sensor (7) is associated with an operator control element which can be operated from the interior of the motor vehicle (1), and the second sensor (7) is associated with an operator control element which can be operated from outside the motor vehicle (1).
  32. Motor-vehicle locking system of a motor vehicle, having at least one motor-vehicle lock or the like, having a control device and having at least one sensor (7) which is electrically connected to the control device (6), in particular for detecting a state of the motor-vehicle lock (3) or operation of an operator control element, such as a door handle (8) or operating lever (9),
    characterized by
    the features of the characterizing part of one or more of the preceding claims.
EP04029685A 2003-12-19 2004-12-15 Motor vehicle Expired - Lifetime EP1544388B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE10360422 2003-12-19
DE10360422A DE10360422A1 (en) 2003-12-19 2003-12-19 motor vehicle

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AT (1) ATE340910T1 (en)
DE (2) DE10360422A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2271770T3 (en)

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US20050156468A1 (en) 2005-07-21
ATE340910T1 (en) 2006-10-15
DE10360422A1 (en) 2005-07-21
EP1544388A1 (en) 2005-06-22
DE502004001586D1 (en) 2006-11-09
ES2271770T3 (en) 2007-04-16
US7589431B2 (en) 2009-09-15

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