JP5920895B2 - マイクロ流体捕獲渦を使用して不均一溶液から細胞を単離する方法及びデバイス - Google Patents
マイクロ流体捕獲渦を使用して不均一溶液から細胞を単離する方法及びデバイス Download PDFInfo
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Description
本出願は、2010年9月14日に出願された米国暫定特許出願第61/382,840号の優先権を主張する。優先権は35U.S.C.§119に基づく。上述の特許出願は、ここに完全に記載されているものとして引用により組み込まれている。
本発明が属する分野は、一般的に、細胞又は粒子の単離と選別を行うマイクロ流体デバイスおよび方法に関する。特に、本発明が属する分野は、マイクロ流体捕獲渦を使用して細胞又は粒子を不均一溶液から単離するマイクロ流体デバイスおよび方法に関する。
図3のマイクロ流体デバイス10を、正常な人の血液細胞(直径2乃至15μm)からがん細胞(直径20μm)を分離して集中させるのに適用し、高スループットでサイズベースの濃縮及び集中させる有用性を示した。血液から濃縮及び集中させたがん細胞は、循環腫瘍細胞(CTCs)が患者の状態に関する情報をリアルタイムで提供することができ、がん治療をモニタリングできるので、臨床診断に特に重要である。生存CTCsを血液から迅速、有効、かつ標識のないアプローチで単離することは、依然として技術的に非常に難しい。CTCsは、10億の血液細胞につき一の細胞というほど低い割合の稀な事象である。現在の戦略は、診断用のCTCsの計数に注目が集まっているが、研究目的で生存CTCsのより大きいサンプルを集めることが緊急目的である。このことは、大きな血液体積をより高いスループットで処理し、修飾した基質又は磁気ビーズに目的の細胞をつけることなく濃縮することが必要であり、更なる分析又は培養のために、捕捉した細胞を個々に選択するアドバンテージを提供している。
マイクロ流体デバイス10は、特定分子のマーカーとして細胞を効果的に標識するのに使用することもできる。伝統的な遠心分離機では、一連の標識化及び洗浄ステップを介して細胞サンプルを特定のマーカーとして標識している。これは、標識化試薬を用いて遠心分離管で細胞をインキュベートするステップと、この細胞を卓上遠心分離機でペレットに濃縮するステップと、手動吸引によって非結合標識化試薬を含む上澄み層を除去するステップと、細胞を新しい媒体に手動で再懸濁させるステップを含む。これらの操作は、流体渦内に細胞を捕獲することによってマイクロ流体デバイス10内で行われ、連続して、捕獲されて周回する細胞を標識化試薬に露出させ、更に、PBS洗浄溶液で洗浄する。標識化細胞は、次いで流速を下げることによって、回収バイアルに小容量で放出された。
遠心分離機で行うことができる複数のシーケンシャルのサンプル調整ステップ(例えば、捕獲、蛍光溶液交換、反応及び洗浄)を、図7に示すマイクロ流体デバイス10を用いて成功裏に行った。この実施例では、マイクロ流体デバイス10が、三つのインレット18’、18”、および18’’’を具える。一のインレット18’は、細胞サンプルを送達するのに使用されるシリンジポンプ22に接続されている。第2のシリンジポンプ24は、蛍光剤を送達するのに使用される。第3のシリンジポンプ26は、洗浄液(PBS)を送達するのに使用される。サイズベースの血液からのがん細胞の捕獲、シーケンシャルな蛍光標識、及び、放出した細胞の分析を<1時間で行った。希釈したがん細胞でスパイクしたヒトの血液(10mL)をマイクロ流体デバイス10に〜3分間注入し、がん細胞を濃縮した。次いで、捕獲された細胞を、固定剤(パラホルムアルデヒド)と透過剤で調整し、蛍光抗体(抗サイトケラチンPE&DAPI)で20分間染色した。捕獲、第1の溶液交換、反応、第2の溶液交換のシーケンスは、図8A乃至8Dに示す。次いで、細胞をPBSで<1分間洗浄し、特徴化を行うために96−ウエルプレートに回収した。回収した細胞は、サイトケラチンとDAPIに対してはポジティブであり、流体渦内部にシーケンシャルに捕獲され、パラホルムアルデヒドで固定され、透視化され、抗サイトケラチン−PE&DAPIで標識化した細胞クラスタの蛍光画像を示す図9に見られるように、シーケンシャルなサンプル調整が成功したことがわかる。図10Aに示すように、ビオチニル化した抗サイトケラチン−EpCAMで被覆したMCF7細胞は、ストレプタビジン結合マイクロビーズでの30分後の標準オフチッププロトコルと同じレベルで、<5分以内で被覆した。図11Aは、30分後の細胞集団の上にマイクロビーズを用いた均一な標識を示す。更に、マイクロ流体デバイス10(遠心分離−オンチップ)により、細胞あたりより多数のビーズが結合した。この結果、単一の簡単なプラットフォームでの細胞分析に必要なすべてのサンプル調整プロセスへの完全なルートが示された。
Claims (19)
- 細胞を単離する方法において:
インレットとアウトレットに接続された少なくとも一のマイクロ流体チャネルを有するマイクロ流体デバイスであって、前記少なくとも一のマイクロ流体チャネルが当該チャネルの長さに沿って配置された少なくとも一の拡張領域を具え、前記少なくとも一の拡張領域が、流体の流れに応じて前記少なくとも一の拡張領域内に渦を発生させるように構成された、前記少なくとも一のマイクロ流体チャネルの断面寸法において急激に増大する部分を具える、マイクロ流体デバイスを提供するステップと;
細胞集団を含む溶液を前記インレットに流すステップと;
前記少なくとも一の拡張領域内にできた渦の中の少なくともいくつかの細胞であって、その径が10μmを超えるいくつかの細胞を捕獲するステップと;
前記少なくとも一のマイクロ流体チャネルを通る溶液の流速を下げることによって、前記複数の拡張領域から前記捕獲した細胞を放出するステップと;
を具えることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記インレットに流れる溶液が均質な細胞集団を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記インレットに流れる溶液が不均質な細胞集団を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記少なくとも一の拡張領域が、流れの軸に対して少なくとも45°を成して延在する立ち上がり壁を具えることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記少なくとも一の拡張領域が、矩形、正方形、三角形、多角形、または半円形のプロファイルを有することを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記少なくとも一の拡張領域が、前記少なくとも一のマイクロ流体チャネルの断面寸法が急激に減少する部分を具えることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記少なくとも一の拡張領域が、前記少なくとも一のマイクロ流体チャネルの断面寸法が実質的に減少しないことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記少なくとも一の拡張領域が、前記少なくとも一のマイクロ流体チャネルの断面寸法が徐々に減少する部分を具えることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記放出された細胞が前記アウトレットで回収されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、直径が15μmより大きい細胞が前記渦の中に捕獲されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記捕獲された細胞ががん細胞を含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記捕獲された細胞を放出するステップが、前記少なくとも一のマイクロ流体チャネルを通る溶液の流速をほぼゼロに下げるステップと、洗浄溶液を流し始めるステップと、を具えることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項3に記載の方法において、前記不均質細胞集団が、がん細胞を含む集団を具え、当該がん細胞が前記渦の中に捕獲されることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項3に記載の方法において、前記不均質細胞集団を含む溶液が、血液、尿、胸膜液、及び腹膜洗浄液の一つを含むことを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記マイクロ流体デバイスが、前記インレット及び前記アウトレットに接続された複数のマイクロ流体チャネルを具えることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記複数のマイクロ流体チャネルが、二次元アレイ、又は、三次元アレイに配置されていることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法において、前記捕獲した細胞が、ある閾値を超えるサイズであり、当該閾値を下回るサイズの細胞が前記渦を実質的に通過することを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項1に記載の方法が更に、一またはそれ以上の溶液をインレットに流す一方で、前記捕獲した細胞を含む前記渦を連続的に維持するステップを具えることを特徴とする方法。
- 請求項18に記載の方法において、前記一またはそれ以上の溶液が、標識、固定剤、透過剤、及び洗浄液のうちの少なくとも一つを具えることを特徴とする方法。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2791672B2 (ja) | 1988-12-28 | 1998-08-27 | カヤバ工業株式会社 | ステーダンパ |
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| EP2616551A2 (en) | 2013-07-24 |
| US20160139015A1 (en) | 2016-05-19 |
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