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WO1993005080A1 - Polymeres superabsorbants et procede de production - Google Patents

Polymeres superabsorbants et procede de production Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993005080A1
WO1993005080A1 PCT/US1992/007611 US9207611W WO9305080A1 WO 1993005080 A1 WO1993005080 A1 WO 1993005080A1 US 9207611 W US9207611 W US 9207611W WO 9305080 A1 WO9305080 A1 WO 9305080A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
polymer
grams
gram
crosslinking agent
heat
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Application number
PCT/US1992/007611
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English (en)
Inventor
Fredric L. Buchholz
Sergio S. Cutie
James P. Easterly, Jr.
Jack C. Lamphere
Frederick W. Stanley
Original Assignee
The Dow Chemical Company
Stanley, Caroline
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Dow Chemical Company, Stanley, Caroline filed Critical The Dow Chemical Company
Priority to JP5505477A priority Critical patent/JPH06510557A/ja
Priority to EP92919743A priority patent/EP0603292A1/fr
Priority to AU25905/92A priority patent/AU663336B2/en
Publication of WO1993005080A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993005080A1/fr

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L15/00—Chemical aspects of, or use of materials for, bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • A61L15/16—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads for physiological fluids such as urine or blood, e.g. sanitary towels, tampons
    • A61L15/42—Use of materials characterised by their function or physical properties
    • A61L15/60—Liquid-swellable gel-forming materials, e.g. super-absorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F6/00—Post-polymerisation treatments

Definitions

  • Water-swellable polymers are used as constituents in sanitary materials which absorb body fluids such as sanitary napkins, incontinent devices and disposable baby diapers
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,833,222 teaches a process for preparing an absorbent polymer from a neutralized monomer without a surface-active agent.
  • U.S. Patent No.4,808,637 teaches the uniform reaction of acrylic acid, an alkali metal salt of carbonic acid, aluminum acetate, sodium sulfate and water, preferably using microwave radiation as a heat source to initiate polymerization
  • Another process comprises the steps of preparing a reaction mixture consisting essentially of particular amounts of polymerizable acid group-containing monomers, crosslinking agent and optionally free radical initiator in an aqueous medium and thereafter polymerizing and neutralizing at least a portion of the acid functional groups.
  • Absorbent polymers used in personal care devices are characterized by certain performance properties, including centrifuge capacity, absorbence under load, shear modulus, and percent extractables.
  • centrifuge capacity of a polymer is quotient of the weight of the 0.9 percent saline solution retained by a swollen polymer after centrifugation to remove interstitial water divided by the non-swollen weight. Unless otherwise indicated, centrifuge capacity values disclosed herein are determined as described in U S. Patent 4,286,082, the relevant portions of which are incorporated herein by reference, except that an absorption time of 30 minutes rather than 3 to 5 minutes is employed. Preferred centrifuge capacities are those greater than about 26 grams/gram. Especially preferred centrifuge capacities are those greater than about
  • Sixty minute 0.3 psi absorbance under load refers to the ability of the polymer to swell againsta pressure of 0.3 psi.
  • Sixty minute 0.3 psi AUL reflects the ability of the polymerto absorb, e.g., when the user of a personal care device is seated.
  • sixty minute 0.3 psi AULvaluesdisclosed herein are determined as described in European Patent Application EP 339,461- A1, the relevant portions of which are incorporated herein by reference- Preferred sixty minute 0.3 psi AUL values are those greater than about 25. Especially preferred sixty minute 0.3 psi AUL values are those greater than about 30.
  • Shear modulus refers to the ratio of applied stress to induced strain as the polymer is deformed- Unless otherwise indicated, modulus values disclosed herein are determined as described in U.S. Reissue Patent 32,649. Preferred shear moduli are those greater than about 40,000 dynes/ c ⁇ .2.
  • absorbent polymers used in personal care devices should have minimal 16 hour extractables levels, i.e., soluble, uncrosslinked polymer levels. Generally, higher levels of extractables retard the transfer of liquid through an absorptive product. Unless otherwise indicated, 16 hour extractables values disclosed herein are determined as described in U.S. Reissue Patent 32,649. Preferred absorbent polymer will have a 16 hour extractables level less than about 10 percent, more preferably less than about 5 percent.
  • U. S. Patent No.4,666,983 disclosed an absorbent article obtained by mixing 100 partsby weight of an absorbent resin powderhaving a carboxyl group with 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of a crosslinking agent, and reacting the absorbent resin powderw ⁇ th the crosslinking agent, typically by heating at a temperature between 90°C and 300°C to form surface crossl ⁇ nked polymers.
  • the surface crosslinked polymers are said to have improved ratios of absorption, as compared to non-surface crosslinked polymers. This process suffers the disadvantage of requiring a crosslinking agent, in addition to that present in the monomer mixture, to effect the improvement in absorptive properties.
  • the present invention provides a process for producing a superabsorbent polymer comprising polymerizing an ⁇ .
  • ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer in an aqueous phase in the presence of a suitable initiator and a crosslinking agent and thereafter drying the polymer at a temperature between about 100°C and about 180°Cto form a dried polymer, characterized in that the process further comprises heating the dried polymer in the absence of a surface crosslinking agent to a temperature between about 165°C and about 230°C for a time sufficient to produce a heat-treated polymer having a sixty minute 0.3 psi AUL of at least about 25 grams/gram.
  • the aqueous phase will further comprise a C-i to C ⁇ alkyl acrylate, whereupon the heat-treated polymer has a sixty minute 0.3 psi AUL of at least about 28 grams/gram.
  • the crosslinking agent will be selected from the group consisting of methylenebisacrylamide, bis(acrylamido)acetic acid and its salts, allyl acrylate, allylmethacrylate and esters or amides having both a vinyl and an allyl functionality, whereupon the heat-treated polymer has a sixty minute 0.3 psi AUL of at least about 30 grams/gram.
  • the present invention further provides a superabsorbent polymer comprising polymerized moieties of at least one ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer and at least one crosslinking agent, said polymer being characterized by a 60 minute 0.3 psi AUL of at least about 30 grams/gram, a centrifuge capacity of at least about 32 grams/gram, and a 16 hour extractables level less than about 4 percent.
  • the present invention further provides a method of using such a superabsorbent polymer, comprising retaining said polymer in conjunction with hydrophilic fibers in an absorbent structure.
  • Such absorbent structure may in turn be retained within a disposable diaper, a sanitary napkin, or an incontinence device.
  • Suitable water-soluble ⁇ . ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomers that are useful in the present invention include those monomers which are capable of conversion by aqueous solution polymerization into a water-swellable and/or lightly crosslinked hydrophilic gel polymer.
  • the crosslinked structure may be obtained by the copolymerization of a water- soluble monomer and a crosslinking agent possessing at least two polymerizable double bonds in the molecular unit.
  • the water-swellable or lightly crosslinked hydrophilic polymers that are prepared by the method of the present invention can be any of the known hydrophilic polymers which are capable of absorbing large quantities of fluids. Examples of such polymers and processes for preparing them are disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 3,997,484; 3,926,891 ; 3,935,099; 4,090,013; 4,093,776; 4,340,706; 4,446,261 ; 4,683,274; 4,459,396; 4,708,997; 4,076,663; and 4,190,562 herein incorporated by reference.
  • Such hydrophilic polymers are prepared from water-soluble ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomers such as monocarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, acrylamide and their derivatives.
  • Suitable ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomers include, for example, acrylic acid, methacrylicacid, crotonic acid, isocrotonicacid and alkali metal salts and ammonium salts thereof; ma.eic acid, fumaric acid, itaconicacid. acrylamide, methacrylamide and 2-acrylamido- 2-methyl-T-propanesulfonicacid and its salts.
  • the preferred monomers include acrylic acid and 5 methacrylic acid and their respective salt forms such as alkali metal or ammonium salts.
  • the water-soluble monomers useful in the present invention may be used in amounts ranging from about 10 percent to about 80 percent by weight based on the total weight of the aqueous monomer solution. Preferably, the amount ranges from about 20 percent to about 60 percent based on the total weight of the aqueous monomer solution. 10
  • the minor amounts of other water-soluble, unsaturated monomers, such as alkyl esters of the acid monomers, e.g. . methyl acrylate or methyl methacrylate may be present.
  • grafting polymers such as, for example, polyvinyl alcohol, starch and water soluble orswellable cellulose ethers may be employed to prepare products having superior properties.
  • Such grafting poiymers are used in amounts up to about 15 10 weight percent based on the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
  • a chelating agent to remove trace metals from solution, e.g., when a metal reaction vessel is employed.
  • One such chelating agent is VERSENEX80 (an aqueous solution of the pentasodium salt of diethylene triamine pentacetic acid) (Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company) .
  • VERSENEX80 an aqueous solution of the pentasodium salt of diethylene triamine pentacetic acid
  • Such chelating agents when employed, are generally used in 0 amounts between about 100 and about 2000 ppm based on the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
  • the polymerization may be carried out using acid monomers that are not neutralized or that have been neutralized or partially neutralized prior to the 5 polymerization.
  • Neutralization is conveniently achieved by contacting the aqueous monomer with an amount of basic material sufficient to neutralize between about 20 and about 95 percent of the acid groups present in the acid monomers.
  • the amount of basic material will be sufficient to neutralize between about 40 percent and 85 percent, and most preferably between about 55 percent and about 75 percent of the acid groups present in the 0 acid monomers.
  • the neutralization is advantageously carried out at temperatures below about 40°C, preferably at temperatures below about 35°C
  • Compounds which are useful to neutralize the acid groups of the monomer are 5 typicallythose which will sufficiently neutralize the acid groups without having a detrimental effect on the polymerization process.
  • Such compounds include alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates and bicarbonates.
  • the material used to neutralize the monomer is sodium or potassium hydroxide or sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate.
  • care must be taken to ensure that the pH of the resulting crosslinked absorbent polymer, which will be contacted with or dispersed in an aqueous fluid to be absorbed, is maintained in a range appropriate for the applications for which the polymer is intended.
  • the polymerization may be carried out employing unneutralized monomers and thereafter neutralizing, as is known in the art.
  • a conventional vinyl addition polymerization initiator is used in the polymerization of the water-soluble monomers and the crosslinking agent.
  • a free radical polymerization initiator which is sufficiently soluble in the monomer solution to initiate polymerization is preferred.
  • water soluble peroxides such as potassium persulfate, ammonium persulfate, sodium persulfate, and other alkali-metal persulfates, hydrogen peroxide and water soluble azo-compounds such as 2,2'-azobis (2-amidinopropane- HCL) may be used.
  • Some of these initiators, such as hydrogen peroxide can be combined with reducing substances such as sulfites or amines to form known redox type initiators.
  • the amount of initiator used may range from about 0.01 to about 1.0 weight percent, preferably about 0.01 to about 0.5 weight percent, based on the total weight of ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer reactants.
  • the crosslinking agent is present in an amount effective to crosslink the water- soluble polymer.
  • the preferred amount of crosslinking agent is determined by the desired degree of absorption capacity and the desired strength to retain the absorbed fluid.
  • the crosslinking agent is used in amounts ranging from about 0.0005 to about 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of ⁇ . ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer used. More preferably, the amount ranges from about 0.1 to about 1 part by weight per 100 parts by weight of the ⁇ , ⁇ - ethylenically unsaturated monomer.
  • the resulting polymer has too high a crosslinking density and exhibits a reduced absorption capacity and increased strength to retain the absorbed fluid. If the crosslinking agent is used in an amount less than about 0.0005 part by weight per 100 parts, the polymer has too low a crosslinking density, and when contacted with the fluid to be absorbed becomes sticky and exhibits a lower initial absorption rate.
  • the crosslinking agent will typically be soluble in the aqueous solution of the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer, the crosslinking agent may be merely dispersibie in such a solution, without negative implications.
  • Suitable dispersing agents include carboxymethyi cellulose suspending aids, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose, and polyvinyl alcohol.
  • Such dispersing agents are typically provided at a concentration between about 0.005 and about 0.1 weight percent, based on the total weight of ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer reactants.
  • Suitable crosslinking agents are those which, when used, increase the sixty minute 0.3 psi AUL of the polymer, without significantly decreasing (if not increasing) the centrifuge capacity.
  • Preferred crosslinking agents include tr ⁇ methylolpropane triacrylate, butyleneglycoldiacrylate, ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate, ethylenebisacrylamide and diallylcarbonate, methylenebisacrylamide, bis(acryiamido)acetic acid and its salts, allyl acrylate, allyl methacrylate and difunctional monovinyl and monoallyl esters and amides.
  • crosslinking agents include methylenebisacrylamide, bis(acrylamido)acetic acid and its salts, allyl acrylate, allylmethacrylate and, esters or amides having both a vinyl and an allyl functionality.
  • an aqueous solution of the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the partially neutralized form, the crosslinking agent, the initiator and a grafting polymer substrate, if desired, is prepared.
  • the polymerization of the mixture may be initiated by elevating the temperature of the mixture containing the initiator or by using a redox-type initiator as described above.
  • the temperature at which polymerization will begin ranges from about 20°C to about 45°C.
  • the temperature at which the polymerization is carried out is highly dependent on the type of monomers used and the specific initiator system employed.
  • the maximum temperature of polymerization ranges from about 50°C to about 100°C, most preferably from about 60°C to about 90°C.
  • the method by which the temperature of the polymerization is controlled is not critical so long as sufficient cooling is present to remove the heat which is generated during the polymerization.
  • the gel isdried in, e.g., a circulating air oven, to a moisture content lessthan about 10 percent, preferably less then about 5 percent, most preferably about2to about5 percent, expressed on a dried polymer basis, to form a "dried polymer".
  • a moisture content lessthan about 10 percent, preferably less then about 5 percent, most preferably about2to about5 percent, expressed on a dried polymer basis.
  • Such heat treatment is preferably carried out at temperatures between about 165°Cand about 230°C, more preferably between about 190°C and 210°C.
  • the time for heat treatment can best be determined empirically, with such factors as humidity within the heat treatment apparatus, water content of the dried polymer, rate of temperature elevation, and type of crosslinking agent employed affecting the time.
  • factors such factors as humidity within the heat treatment apparatus, water content of the dried polymer, rate of temperature elevation, and type of crosslinking agent employed affecting the time.
  • trimethylolpropanetr iacryta te, butyleneglycoldiacrylate, ethyleneglycoldimethacrylate, ethylenebisacrylamide or diallylcarbonate are used as crosslinking agents, absorptive properties improve with additional heating to a point, after which further heating causes a decrease in absorptive properties
  • methylenebisacrylamide, b ⁇ s(acrylamido)aceticacid or one of its salts, allyl acrylate, allylmethacrylate, or an ester or amide having both a vinyl and an allyf functionality are used as crosslinking agents employed, absor
  • Pendant ester groups may be incorporated into the polymer by copolymerizing acrylic acid and/or sodium acrylate with an Ci to C ⁇ acrylate or a methacryla te.
  • Preferred acrylates and methacrylates are monofunctional crosslinking agents, and include ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, and isobutyl acrylates or methacrylates.
  • the acrylate or methacrylate will preferably be soluble in the aqueous solution of the ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenicaily unsaturated monomer. In the alternative, the acrylate or methacrylate will be merely dispersibie in such a solution.
  • Suitable dispersing agents and concentrations are as set forth above with respect to agents suitable to disperse the crosslinking agent.
  • the use of dispersing agents will enable the use of larger molecular weight acrylates and methacrylates, e.g., pentyl and hexyl acrylates and methacrylates.
  • the monofunctional acrylate and/or methacrylate will preferably be provided in the range of between about 0.5 and about 10 percent, and more preferably between about 1 and about 5 percent, based on the weight of the monomer reactants.
  • the following examples are provided for the purpose of explanation rather than limitation. Unless otherwise indicated, sixty minute 0.3 psi AUL was measured as described in European Patent Application EP 339,461- A1 ; centrifuge capacity was determined as described in U.S. Patent 4,286,082 except that an absorption time of 30 minutes rather than 3 to 5 minutes was employed; and the extractables and modulus were determined as described in U.S. Reissue Patent 32,649, with the relevant portions of each of the cited references being incorporated herein by reference.
  • Example 1 General Heat Treatmentfor the Reduction of Extractables in 55 Percent Neutralized Polyacrylic Acid
  • the neutralized solution was purged for 1 hourwith nitrogen, he polymerization was initiated by adding 0.75 grams of sodium persulfate, 0.15 grams of WAKO V-50 (2,2' azobis (2-amidino-propane) dihydrochloride), 0.13 grams of a 70% aqueous solution of t-butyl hydroperoxide, and 4.5 ML of a 15% aqueous solution of sodium thiosulfate. After the reaction temperature peaked, the temperature was decreased to 60°C, which temperature was maintained an additional three hours. The gel was dried at 100°Cfor 6 hours and then ground through a knife grinder. Portions of the material were heated in a forced air oven at various temperatures. The a ⁇ alysis-is setforth in the following Tables I and II.
  • a gel was prepared in accordance with Example 1. Various degrees of neutralization were achieved by neutralizing the monomer solution with varying amounts of sodium carbonate solution. The gel wasdried and heat treated in accordance with the procedure set forth in Example 1. The degree of neutralization, and the 16 hour extractables levels of the polymer upon heating at 200°Cfor one hour are set forth in the following Table II
  • DRYTECHTM 533 trimethyolpropanetriacryla te crosslinked superabsorbent polymer was obtained from the Dow Chemical Company (Midland, Ml). The sample was heat treated at an indicated temperature for an indicated period of time. The temperatures and times of heattreatment, and the resultant properties of the heat-treated polymer, are set forth in Table V. The method utilized to determine one hour extractable levels is substantially as described in U.S. Patent Reissue No.32,649, the relevant portions of which are incorporated herein by reference.
  • Example 6 Heat Treatment of Polymers Prepared with Preferred Crosslinking Agents
  • the reactor consisted of a 2 liter glass resin reaction kettle bottom, a stainless steel agitator assembly and a high torque, electric stirring-motor with gear-reducers. It had a glass jacket to allow for either heating or cooling of the reactor contents utilizing a separate, water-circulating bath. An O-ring, which fit into grooves in the glass joint of the bottom and the steel top, sealed the reactor to prevent gas leaks.
  • Monomer mix was prepared by adding the following reagents to a beaker in the following order: 300.00 g acrylic acid, the amount of the desired crosslinker indicated in Table VIII, 0.75 g VERSENEX 80 (Trademark of The Dow Chemical Company) chelating agent, 1.50 g of a 5 percent solution of VINOL ® 205 (Trademark of Air Products Company) polyvinyi alcohol in water (if necessary to help disperse a crosslinking agent not fully soluble in the monomer mix), and 300 mL water. Tothe resulting solution was added a solution of 144.0 g sodium carbonate dissolved in 515 mL of water
  • Monomer mix was loaded to the reactor through the loading tube that had a smali ball valve for flow control After monomer loading was complete, nitrogen gas was bubbled into the monomer solution to remove dissolved oxygen. After the desired sparging time the free radical initiator solutions" were added through the dip-tube opening in the reactortop, by syringe: 4.8 mL of a 10 percent solution of sodium persulfate in water, followed by 1.2 L of a 10 percent solution ofsodium ei-y-horbate in water. A very slight nitrogen pressure was maintained fn the reactor during initiator addition to prevent air from entering the reactor through the opening.
  • the polymer powderthus made was placed in a flat-bottomed, glass crystallizing dish.
  • the dish was put into a forced air oven that was maintained at 200°Cto achieve a heat ⁇ treatment separate from the mild drying step.
  • Samples were withdrawn at various times and their properties were determined.
  • the mass-loss upon heating for many of the polymers was also measured. In these instances, individual dishes were prepared for treatment.
  • the change in mass was measured as a function of heating time and the percentage loss was calculated.
  • Thermal analysis thermal analysis (thermograv ⁇ metry coupled with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry) showed this mass was water. Traces of carbon dioxide were detected in the thermal analysis at higher temperatures.
  • Example 7 Comparison of Different Heat Treatment Temperatures and Times on Absorptive Properties when a Preferred Crosslinking Agent is Employed
  • VINOL V-205 available from Air Products Corp.
  • deionized water was heated to form a solution.
  • 300 grams acrylic acid, 2.1 grams allylmethacrylate, 0.75 grams VERSENEX 80 chelating agent (available from the Dow Chemical Company) and 70 grams deionized water were mixed to form a clear monomer mixture.
  • the clear monomer mixture was neutralized with a solution of 144 grams sodium carbonate in 450 grams deionized water to form a neutralized monomer mixture.
  • the neutralized monomer mixture was charged into a 2 liter reactor, which was then purged with nitrogen for 45 minutes.
  • the polymerization was initiated with a mixture of 4.8 mL of a 10% aqueous solution of sodium persulfate, 0.6 mL of a 10% aqueous solution of sodium erythorbate, and 0.5 mL of a 30% aqueous solution of hydrogen peroxide.
  • an exothermic polymerization began.
  • the temperature of the reaction mixture rose to 80°Cover a 40 minute period, and was then decreased to 65°C and maintained there for three hours by means of a circulating bath.
  • the crumbly, rubber-like gel product was removed from the reactor, spread onto a nylon screen and dried in a 100°C oven for 16 hours. The dried polymer was cooled and then pulverized in a food blender.
  • the centrifuge capacity and the sixty minute 0.3 psi AUL were measured on these samples.
  • the polymer powder thus made was placed in a flat-bottomed, glass crystallizing dish. The dish was put into a forced air oven that was maintained at the indicated temperature for the indicated time to achieve a heat-treatment separate from the mild drying step. Samples were withdrawn at various times and their properties were determined. The data are set forth in the following Table IX.
  • Heat-treating air temperature 170 200 (30 minutes) , °C

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Abstract

On fabrique des polymères superabsorbants de monomères insaturés par α,β-éthylène en polymérisant ces monomères avec certains agents de réticulation, en séchant le polymère et en chauffant le polymère ainsi séché à une température comprise par exemple entre 165 °C et 230 °C, pendant un temps suffisant pour produire un polymère thermotraité ayant une capacité d'absorption de 60 minutes sous une charge de 0,3 psi d'au moins 25 grammes/gramme environ. Les polymères superabsorbants particulièrement préférés contiennent un agent de réticulation qui est constitué par exemple par du méthylènebisacrylamide, de l'acide bis(acrylamido)acétique et ses sels, de l'allyleacrylate, de l'allylmétacrylate et des esters et amides bifonctionnels monovinyliques et monoallyliques, et, une fois thermotraités, ils constituent un polymère ayant une capacité d'absorption de 60 minutes sous une charge de 0,3 psi d'au moins 30 grammes/gramme environ.
PCT/US1992/007611 1991-09-09 1992-09-09 Polymeres superabsorbants et procede de production WO1993005080A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP5505477A JPH06510557A (ja) 1991-09-09 1992-09-09 超吸収性ポリマーおよびそれらの製造法
EP92919743A EP0603292A1 (fr) 1991-09-09 1992-09-09 Polymeres superabsorbants et procede de production
AU25905/92A AU663336B2 (en) 1991-09-09 1992-09-09 Superabsorbent polymers and process for producing

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US75673191A 1991-09-09 1991-09-09
US07/756,731 1991-09-09

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WO1993005080A1 true WO1993005080A1 (fr) 1993-03-18

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Cited By (47)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995005856A1 (fr) * 1993-08-27 1995-03-02 The Dow Chemical Company Polymeres absorbant les fluides aqueux, presentant des proprietes d'absorption tres bien equilibrees
WO1995010553A1 (fr) * 1993-10-12 1995-04-20 The Dow Chemical Company Polymeres gonflables a l'eau presentant une couleur amelioree
EP0837076A3 (fr) * 1996-10-15 1998-07-08 Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. Agent absorbant l'eau et son procédé de fabrication
WO1998049221A1 (fr) * 1997-04-29 1998-11-05 The Dow Chemical Company Polymeres superabsorbants ayant une usinabilite amelioree
DE19752128A1 (de) * 1997-11-25 1999-07-29 Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von wasserlöslichen bzw. wasserquellbaren Polymerisaten mit sehr niedrigem Restmonomergehalt, danach hergestellte Produkte und deren Verwendung
DE19752127A1 (de) * 1997-11-25 1999-07-29 Stockhausen Chem Fab Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von synthetischen Polymerisaten mit sehr niedrigem Restmonomergehalt, danach hergestellte Produkte und deren Verwendung
WO2001025290A1 (fr) * 1999-10-04 2001-04-12 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Polymeres stables mecaniquement formant des hydrogels
US6239230B1 (en) 1999-09-07 2001-05-29 Bask Aktiengesellschaft Surface-treated superabsorbent polymer particles
US6376618B1 (en) 1999-09-07 2002-04-23 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Surface-treated superabsorbent polymer particles
WO2002036663A1 (fr) * 2000-10-30 2002-05-10 Stockhausen Gmbh & Co. Kg Structure absorbante presentant de meilleures proprietes de blocage
US6391451B1 (en) 1999-09-07 2002-05-21 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Surface-treated superabsorbent polymer particles
US6551295B1 (en) 1998-03-13 2003-04-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent structures comprising fluid storage members with improved ability to dewater acquisition/distribution members
US6579958B2 (en) 1999-12-07 2003-06-17 The Dow Chemical Company Superabsorbent polymers having a slow rate of absorption
EP0636149B2 (fr) † 1992-04-16 2003-11-05 The Dow Chemical Company Resines hydrophiles reticulees et procede de preparation
US6710224B2 (en) 1999-10-25 2004-03-23 Paragon Trade Brands Superabsorbent polymers providing long-term generation of free volume in partially hydrated absorbent cores
US6713661B1 (en) 1998-04-28 2004-03-30 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles providing improved fit when wet
US6803107B2 (en) 1999-09-07 2004-10-12 Basf Aktiengesellschaft Surface-treated superabsorbent polymer particles
EP1493453A1 (fr) 2003-06-30 2005-01-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Articles absorbants contenant des particules superabsorbantes revêtues
US6987151B2 (en) 2001-09-12 2006-01-17 Dow Global Technologies Inc. Continuous polymerization process for the manufacture of superabsorbent polymers
EP1621561A1 (fr) * 2004-07-28 2006-02-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Polymères du type superabsorbant
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JP5732396B2 (ja) 2009-08-27 2015-06-10 株式会社日本触媒 ポリアクリル酸（塩）系吸水性樹脂およびその製造方法
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AU2590592A (en) 1993-04-05
EP0603292A1 (fr) 1994-06-29

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