WO1993016965A1 - Geopolymeric binder material - Google Patents
Geopolymeric binder material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993016965A1 WO1993016965A1 PCT/GB1993/000373 GB9300373W WO9316965A1 WO 1993016965 A1 WO1993016965 A1 WO 1993016965A1 GB 9300373 W GB9300373 W GB 9300373W WO 9316965 A1 WO9316965 A1 WO 9316965A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- alkaline earth
- earth metal
- silica
- parts
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001341 alkaline earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- -1 cation salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021485 fumed silica Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000876 geopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000010754 BS 2869 Class F Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004111 Potassium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium silicate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NNHHDJVEYQHLHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052913 potassium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B12/00—Cements not provided for in groups C04B7/00 - C04B11/00
- C04B12/005—Geopolymer cements, e.g. reaction products of aluminosilicates with alkali metal hydroxides or silicates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/10—Production of cement, e.g. improving or optimising the production methods; Cement grinding
Definitions
- THIS invention relates to compositions of matter of the type known in the trade as binder and more particularly geopolymeric binders.
- geopolymeric is understood in the trade as referring to a material which is composed of or which includes a binder component which has the general chemical formula
- a dry composition suitable for use as a binder upon being mixed with water comprising a mixture of an alkaline earth metal compound selected from the group consisting of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and magnesium, a salt of a cation selected from the group consisting of ammonium, potassium and sodium which is capable of reacting with the alkaline earth metal compound to produce the hydroxide of the cation, a source of silica and a source of an alumina silicate.
- the cation salt is selected from the group consisting of the carbonates and hydrocarbonates of ammonium, potassium and sodium, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate.
- the salt is sodium carbonate.
- the alkaline earth metal compound is calcium hydroxide.
- the source material of silica and the alumina silicate may be a single composite material.
- that source material may be in the form of an alumino-silicaceous clay.
- the source may comprise powdered blast furnace slag.
- the source material may at least in part be constituted by fly- ash.
- the composition may in addition also include other sources of silica such as, for example, fumed silica condensate.
- ingredients may be present in the follow ⁇ ing stoichiometric equivalent mole ratio:
- ingredients may be present in the follow ⁇ ing mass ratio:
- a preferred composition of this formulation according to the invention comprises the following ingredients in the mass ratio as indicated:
- the dry composition of the invention may be made into a binder material by mixing it with between 20 and 50 parts of water.
- the dry mix is preferably made up into a wet mix by the addition of 40 parts of water.
- Sand may be worked into the mix either before or after the addition of water. In. accordance with a specific aspect of the invention., however, it is preferred to make up the dry mix with water and thereafter to work the wet mix into up to 300 parts of sand.
- a two pack binder mixture comprising a first pack made up of the alkaline earth metal compound, the cation salt as defined above and the silica, and a second pack containing the source of alumina silicates.
- a dry mix of powdered ingredients was made up as follows:
- the fly-ash used in the mixture was Class F fly-ash obtained from Matla power station in the Eastern Transvaal, South A rica and would accordingly have had the following typical composition and ignition properties.
- the Na2CC>3, Ca(0H)2 and Si ⁇ _>2 was first mixed with 40 parts of water whereafter the fly-ash was added and thoroughly mixed. The resulting slurry was then added to the sand [300 parts] and again thoroughly mixed. A cube was produced as described above and was found after 7 days of curing to have a compressive strength of between 18 and 30 mPa.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
A dry composition suitable for use as a binder upon being mixed with water, the composition comprising a mixture of an alkaline earth metal compound selected from the group consisting of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and magnesium, a salt of a cation selected from the group consisting of ammonium, potassium and sodium which is capable of reacting with the alkaline earth metal compound to produce the hydroxide of the cation, a source of silica and a source of an alumina silicate.
Description
GEOPOLYMERIC BINDER MATERIAL
THIS invention relates to compositions of matter of the type known in the trade as binder and more particularly geopolymeric binders. The term "geopolymeric" is understood in the trade as referring to a material which is composed of or which includes a binder component which has the general chemical formula
(Si-0-Al-O-)n, [also known as polysialates] , and
(Si-0-Al-0-Si-0-)n, [also known as polysialate- silioxos] .
It is known to produce geopolymers of the type in question by reacting a sodium or potassium silicate solution with an aluminium bearing source material , such as an alumina rich clay, and incorporating a filler material , such as sand and/or stone aggregate into the mixture to produce a castable or mouldable material which may be used in the same manner as cement or concrete. Since the alkali metal silicate contains a large percentage water it is in these applications normally preferred to form the silicate on site by reacting sodium or potassium hydroxide with silica gel [SiO^]- The product of choice in this regard is sodium hydroxide which is not only very corrosive, but also hygroscopic and expensive. These considerations are at least in part responsible for the low penetration of geopolymers into the conventional porcelanic cement market which cement is based on hydrated calcium silicates.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a dry composition of matter in a form ready to mix with water and filler material and suitable for use as a binder material, e.g. as a conventional cement substitute. It will however be appreciated that the composition may also find various other applications.
According to the present invention there is provided a dry composition suitable for use as a binder upon being mixed with water, the composition comprising a mixture of an alkaline earth metal compound selected from the group consisting of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and magnesium, a salt of a cation selected from the group consisting of ammonium, potassium and sodium which is capable of reacting with the alkaline earth metal compound to produce the hydroxide of the cation, a source of silica and a source of an alumina silicate.
In one form of the invention the cation salt is selected from the group consisting of the carbonates and hydrocarbonates of ammonium, potassium and sodium, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate. In the preferred form of the invention the salt is sodium carbonate. Also in the preferred form of the invention the alkaline earth metal compound is calcium hydroxide.
The source material of silica and the alumina silicate may be a single composite material. Thus, that source
material may be in the form of an alumino-silicaceous clay. Alternatively, the source may comprise powdered blast furnace slag.
In the preferred form of the invention the source material may at least in part be constituted by fly- ash. The composition may in addition also include other sources of silica such as, for example, fumed silica condensate.
In the mixture of the composition according to the invention the ingredients may be present in the follow¬ ing stoichiometric equivalent mole ratio:
Alkaline earth metal oxide/hydroxide 1 - 1,2
Cation salt 1
Fly-ash 1
SiC>2 [fumed silica condensate] 1 - 3
Thus, in one specific formulation according to the invention the ingredients may be present in the follow¬ ing mass ratio:
Sodium carbonate 10 - 35 parts Calcium hydroxide 10 - 50 parts Si02 20 - 80 parts Fly-ash 50 - 120 parts [depending on the amount of reactive alumina
silicate present therein]
A preferred composition of this formulation according to the invention comprises the following ingredients in the mass ratio as indicated:
Sodium carbonate 24 parts
Calcium hydroxide 38 parts
Fumed silica condensate 60 parts
Fly-ash 100 parts
The dry composition of the invention may be made into a binder material by mixing it with between 20 and 50 parts of water.
Thus, in the preferred composition comprising 24 parts of sodium carbonate as described above, the dry mix is preferably made up into a wet mix by the addition of 40 parts of water. Sand may be worked into the mix either before or after the addition of water. In. accordance with a specific aspect of the invention., however, it is preferred to make up the dry mix with water and thereafter to work the wet mix into up to 300 parts of sand.
According to a second aspect of the invention there is provided a two pack binder mixture comprising a first pack made up of the alkaline earth metal compound, the
cation salt as defined above and the silica, and a second pack containing the source of alumina silicates.
An example of the invention will now be described without thereby limiting the scope of the invention.
E X A M P L E 1
A dry mix of powdered ingredients was made up as follows:
Parts by mass
Sodium carbonate [ aCθ3J - 24 Calcium hydroxide [Ca(0H)2J - 30
Silica [Fumed silica condensate] Siθ2 ~ 60
Fly-ash - 100
The fly-ash used in the mixture was Class F fly-ash obtained from Matla power station in the Eastern Transvaal, South A rica and would accordingly have had the following typical composition and ignition properties.
Constituent % by Mass
Si02 40,04 - 50,6 A1203 26,30 - 38,93
Two test cubes were produced from the above mixture.
In the first instance the four components set out above were thoroughly mixed first on their own and then with 300 parts of sand. 40 Parts of water were then added to the mixture to obtain a wet mix. The wet mix was introduced into a vibrating cubic mould and allowed to set at room temperature. After curing the moulded cube at room temperature for 7 days it was found that the cube had a compressive strength of more than 15 mPa.
In the second instance the Na2CC>3, Ca(0H)2 and Si<_>2 was first mixed with 40 parts of water whereafter the fly-ash was added and thoroughly mixed. The resulting slurry was then added to the sand [300 parts] and again thoroughly mixed. A cube was produced as described above and was found after 7 days of curing to have a compressive strength of between 18 and 30 mPa.
Countless variations of the invention may be devised
without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims
1. A dry composition suitable for use as a binder upon being mixed with water, the composition comprising a mixture of an alkaline earth metal compound selected from the group consisting of the oxides and hydroxides of calcium and magnesium, a salt of a cation selected from the group consist¬ ing of ammonium, potassium and sodium which is capable of reacting with the alkaline earth metal compound to produce the hydroxide of the cation, a source of silica and a source of an alumina silicate.
2. The composition of claim 1 wherein the cation salt is selected from the group consisting of the carbonates and hydrocarbonates of ammonium, potassium and sodium, ammonium chloride and ammonium nitrate.
3. The composition of claim 1 wherein the cation salt is sodium carbonate.
4. The composition of claim 1 wherein the alkaline earth metal compound is calcium hydroxide.
5- The composition of claim 1 wherein the source material of silica and the alumina silicate is a single composite material material in the form of an alumino-silicaceous clay or a powdered blast furnace slag.
6. The composition of claim 1 wherein the silica and alumina silicate source material is at least in part constituted by fly-ash.
7. The composition of claim 6 which in addition also includes fumed silica condensate.
8. The composition of claim 1 wherein the ingrediet are present in the following stoichiometr . equivalent mole ratio:
Alkaline earth metal oxide/hydroxide 1 - 1,2
Cation salt 1
Fly-ash 1
SiC>2 [fumed silica condensate] 1 - 3
9. The composition of claim 8 wherein the ingredients are present in the following mass ratio:
Sodium carbonate 10 - 35 parts
Calcium hydroxide 10 - 50 parts
Si02 20 - 80 parts
Fly-ash 50 - 120 parts
10. The composition of claim 1 in the form of a two pack binder mixture comprising a first pack containing of the alkaline earth metal compound, the cation salt as defined above and the silica, and a second pack containing the source of alumina silicates.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA921457 | 1992-02-27 | ||
| ZA92/1457 | 1992-02-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1993016965A1 true WO1993016965A1 (en) | 1993-09-02 |
Family
ID=25581436
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/GB1993/000373 WO1993016965A1 (en) | 1992-02-27 | 1993-02-23 | Geopolymeric binder material |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU3570793A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1993016965A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA931375B (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005049522A1 (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2005-06-02 | Rocla Pty Ltd | Geopolymer concrete and method of preparation and casting |
| WO2008017109A1 (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2008-02-14 | Alcoa Of Australia Limited | Method for management of contaminants in alkaline process liquors |
| US7794537B2 (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2010-09-14 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Geopolymer composition and application in oilfield industry |
| US7846250B2 (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2010-12-07 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Geopolymer composition and application for carbon dioxide storage |
| CZ304496B6 (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2014-05-28 | Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně | X-ray amorphous structural magnesium analog of geopolymers produced from dehydroxylated and delaminated magnesium-silicic phylosilicates and use thereof |
| CN107663044A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-02-06 | 武汉二航路桥特种工程有限责任公司 | A kind of geopolymer class weak soil cementing agent and preparation method thereof |
| US10544060B2 (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2020-01-28 | Hoffmann Green Cement Technologies | Composition for metakaolin construction material, related method for manufacturing said composition, and use for producing construction elements |
| WO2021090193A1 (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2021-05-14 | University Of Pretoria | Novel cementitious composition |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2490626A1 (en) * | 1980-09-23 | 1982-03-26 | Davidovits Joseph | Building prods. mfr. from natural clay soils - by drying, adjusting silica alumina ratio and reacting with alkali to give mouldable material |
| US4642137A (en) * | 1985-03-06 | 1987-02-10 | Lone Star Industries, Inc. | Mineral binder and compositions employing the same |
| EP0262302A2 (en) * | 1986-10-03 | 1988-04-06 | Anneliese Zementwerke AG | Sealing mass for walls, dry mixture and process for preparing it |
| EP0455582A2 (en) * | 1990-03-28 | 1991-11-06 | HILTI Aktiengesellschaft | Use of Water-settable compositions for fixing bolts and anchoring bars. |
-
1993
- 1993-02-23 WO PCT/GB1993/000373 patent/WO1993016965A1/en active Application Filing
- 1993-02-23 AU AU35707/93A patent/AU3570793A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1993-02-26 ZA ZA931375A patent/ZA931375B/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2490626A1 (en) * | 1980-09-23 | 1982-03-26 | Davidovits Joseph | Building prods. mfr. from natural clay soils - by drying, adjusting silica alumina ratio and reacting with alkali to give mouldable material |
| US4642137A (en) * | 1985-03-06 | 1987-02-10 | Lone Star Industries, Inc. | Mineral binder and compositions employing the same |
| EP0262302A2 (en) * | 1986-10-03 | 1988-04-06 | Anneliese Zementwerke AG | Sealing mass for walls, dry mixture and process for preparing it |
| EP0455582A2 (en) * | 1990-03-28 | 1991-11-06 | HILTI Aktiengesellschaft | Use of Water-settable compositions for fixing bolts and anchoring bars. |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| GEOPOLYMER '88 vol. 1, pages 93 - 105 J. DAVIDOVITS 'Geopolymeric reactions in archaeological cements and in modern blended cements' * |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005049522A1 (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2005-06-02 | Rocla Pty Ltd | Geopolymer concrete and method of preparation and casting |
| WO2008017109A1 (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2008-02-14 | Alcoa Of Australia Limited | Method for management of contaminants in alkaline process liquors |
| US7794537B2 (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2010-09-14 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Geopolymer composition and application in oilfield industry |
| US7846250B2 (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2010-12-07 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Geopolymer composition and application for carbon dioxide storage |
| AU2007283446B2 (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2013-11-14 | Alcoa Of Australia Limited | Method for management of contaminants in alkaline process liquors |
| CZ304496B6 (en) * | 2013-01-07 | 2014-05-28 | Vysoké Učení Technické V Brně | X-ray amorphous structural magnesium analog of geopolymers produced from dehydroxylated and delaminated magnesium-silicic phylosilicates and use thereof |
| US10544060B2 (en) | 2015-03-27 | 2020-01-28 | Hoffmann Green Cement Technologies | Composition for metakaolin construction material, related method for manufacturing said composition, and use for producing construction elements |
| CN107663044A (en) * | 2017-03-21 | 2018-02-06 | 武汉二航路桥特种工程有限责任公司 | A kind of geopolymer class weak soil cementing agent and preparation method thereof |
| WO2021090193A1 (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2021-05-14 | University Of Pretoria | Novel cementitious composition |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU3570793A (en) | 1993-09-13 |
| ZA931375B (en) | 1993-10-21 |
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