WO1998017693A1 - Composition contenant du chitosan - Google Patents
Composition contenant du chitosan Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1998017693A1 WO1998017693A1 PCT/FR1997/001897 FR9701897W WO9817693A1 WO 1998017693 A1 WO1998017693 A1 WO 1998017693A1 FR 9701897 W FR9701897 W FR 9701897W WO 9817693 A1 WO9817693 A1 WO 9817693A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- compound
- composition according
- kda
- chitosan
- integer
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920001661 Chitosan Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 52
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 26
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 claims description 22
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 22
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 claims description 16
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 claims description 15
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000011026 diafiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N cholesterol Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](O)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HVYWMOMLDIMFJA-DPAQBDIFSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 claims description 8
- -1 sphyngomyelin Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005903 acid hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-2-ol Chemical group CCC(C)O BTANRVKWQNVYAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N insulin Chemical compound N1C(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CN)C(C)CC)CSSCC(C(NC(CO)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CCC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(C)C)C(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(=O)NC(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C(=O)NC(CSSCC(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(C)NC(=O)C(CCC(O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(CC=2NC=NC=2)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)CNC2=O)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CCC(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC=CC=3)C(=O)NC(CC=3C=CC(O)=CC=3)C(=O)NC(C(C)O)C(=O)N3C(CCC3)C(=O)NC(CCCCN)C(=O)NC(C)C(O)=O)C(=O)NC(CC(N)=O)C(O)=O)=O)NC(=O)C(C(C)CC)NC(=O)C(CO)NC(=O)C(C(C)O)NC(=O)C1CSSCC2NC(=O)C(CC(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(CCC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(CC(N)=O)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(N)CC=1C=CC=CC=1)C(C)C)CC1=CN=CN1 NOESYZHRGYRDHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000012000 cholesterol Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- JZNWSCPGTDBMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerophosphorylethanolamin Natural products NCCOP(O)(=O)OCC(O)CO JZNWSCPGTDBMEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007281 aminoalkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003184 complementary RNA Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008104 phosphatidylethanolamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N spermidine Chemical compound NCCCCNCCCN ATHGHQPFGPMSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PFNFFQXMRSDOHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N spermine Chemical compound NCCCNCCCCNCCCN PFNFFQXMRSDOHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 108020005544 Antisense RNA Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000012605 Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010079245 Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 102000004877 Insulin Human genes 0.000 claims description 3
- 108090001061 Insulin Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010934 O-alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000890 antigenic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940125396 insulin Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- JSPNNZKWADNWHI-PNANGNLXSA-N (2r)-2-hydroxy-n-[(2s,3r,4e,8e)-3-hydroxy-9-methyl-1-[(2r,3r,4s,5s,6r)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxyoctadeca-4,8-dien-2-yl]heptadecanamide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@@H](O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@H](O)\C=C\CC\C=C(/C)CCCCCCCCC)CO[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JSPNNZKWADNWHI-PNANGNLXSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YDNKGFDKKRUKPY-JHOUSYSJSA-N C16 ceramide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N[C@@H](CO)[C@H](O)C=CCCCCCCCCCCCCC YDNKGFDKKRUKPY-JHOUSYSJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000994 Catalytic RNA Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000053642 Catalytic RNA Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010071942 Colony-Stimulating Factors Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000004127 Cytokines Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000695 Cytokines Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- XULFJDKZVHTRLG-JDVCJPALSA-N DOSPA trifluoroacetate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCOCC(C[N+](C)(C)CCNC(=O)C(CCCNCCCN)NCCCN)OCCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC XULFJDKZVHTRLG-JDVCJPALSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000001039 Dystrophin Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010069091 Dystrophin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000013462 Interleukin-12 Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010065805 Interleukin-12 Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 108700018351 Major Histocompatibility Complex Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 claims description 2
- CRJGESKKUOMBCT-VQTJNVASSA-N N-acetylsphinganine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)NC(C)=O CRJGESKKUOMBCT-VQTJNVASSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000783 Renin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102100028255 Renin Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010039491 Ricin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 108090000190 Thrombin Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000006601 Thymidine Kinase Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108020004440 Thymidine kinase Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 108010046334 Urease Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- HIHOWBSBBDRPDW-PTHRTHQKSA-N [(3s,8s,9s,10r,13r,14s,17r)-10,13-dimethyl-17-[(2r)-6-methylheptan-2-yl]-2,3,4,7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16,17-dodecahydro-1h-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3-yl] n-[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]carbamate Chemical compound C1C=C2C[C@@H](OC(=O)NCCN(C)C)CC[C@]2(C)[C@@H]2[C@@H]1[C@@H]1CC[C@H]([C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)[C@@]1(C)CC2 HIHOWBSBBDRPDW-PTHRTHQKSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000259 anti-tumor effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940106189 ceramide Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- ZVEQCJWYRWKARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceramide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(=O)NC(CO)C(O)C=CCCC=C(C)CCCCCCCCC ZVEQCJWYRWKARO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930183167 cerebroside Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- RIZIAUKTHDLMQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerebroside D Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(=O)NC(C(O)C=CCCC=C(C)CCCCCCCCC)COC1OC(CO)C(O)C(O)C1O RIZIAUKTHDLMQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AKJGOHSEUVRHFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl(propyl)azanium;2,2,2-trifluoroacetate Chemical compound CCC[NH+](C)C.[O-]C(=O)C(F)(F)F AKJGOHSEUVRHFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000002919 epithelial cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000122 growth hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000004962 mammalian cell Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- HKUFIYBZNQSHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-octadecyloctadecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HKUFIYBZNQSHQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- VVGIYYKRAMHVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N newbouldiamide Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC VVGIYYKRAMHVLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N phosphatidylcholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YHHSONZFOIEMCP-UHFFFAOYSA-O phosphocholine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCOP(O)(O)=O YHHSONZFOIEMCP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002685 pulmonary effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 108020003175 receptors Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 102000005962 receptors Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 108091092562 ribozyme Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940063673 spermidine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940063675 spermine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000020382 suppression by virus of host antigen processing and presentation of peptide antigen via MHC class I Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004072 thrombin Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 claims description 2
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005486 vaccine Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000427 antigen Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 108091007433 antigens Proteins 0.000 claims 2
- 102000036639 antigens Human genes 0.000 claims 2
- 108010039209 Blood Coagulation Factors Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 102000015081 Blood Coagulation Factors Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 102100026735 Coagulation factor VIII Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 102000016607 Diphtheria Toxin Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108010053187 Diphtheria Toxin Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 206010016654 Fibrosis Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 102100039620 Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 102000018997 Growth Hormone Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108010051696 Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 208000009889 Herpes Simplex Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 101000911390 Homo sapiens Coagulation factor VIII Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 102000006992 Interferon-alpha Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108010047761 Interferon-alpha Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 102000003996 Interferon-beta Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108090000467 Interferon-beta Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 102000008070 Interferon-gamma Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108010074328 Interferon-gamma Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 102000000588 Interleukin-2 Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108010002350 Interleukin-2 Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 102000001742 Tumor Suppressor Proteins Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- 108010040002 Tumor Suppressor Proteins Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000840 anti-viral effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003114 blood coagulation factor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004761 fibrosis Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229940117681 interleukin-12 Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000000663 muscle cell Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002956 necrotizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-galactosamine Natural products NC1C(O)OC(CO)C(O)C1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229960002442 glucosamine Drugs 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 30
- 108020004414 DNA Proteins 0.000 description 29
- 102000053602 DNA Human genes 0.000 description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000013612 plasmid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000001890 transfection Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 13
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N glucosamine group Chemical group OC1[C@H](N)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O1)CO MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 0.000 description 12
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 108010039918 Polylysine Proteins 0.000 description 11
- 239000002609 medium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920000656 polylysine Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 108060001084 Luciferase Proteins 0.000 description 10
- 239000005089 Luciferase Substances 0.000 description 10
- 108091003079 Bovine Serum Albumin Proteins 0.000 description 9
- 239000012894 fetal calf serum Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 7
- 210000003098 myoblast Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000003013 cytotoxicity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 231100000135 cytotoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 6
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 5
- 210000003743 erythrocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006144 Dulbecco’s modified Eagle's medium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000829100 Macaca mulatta polyomavirus 1 Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000012901 Milli-Q water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001472 cytotoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethyldisilazane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)N[Si](C)(C)C FFUAGWLWBBFQJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000701022 Cytomegalovirus Species 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009089 cytolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 231100000433 cytotoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000002949 hemolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 108020004999 messenger RNA Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011550 stock solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013518 transcription Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035897 transcription Effects 0.000 description 3
- XMTQQYYKAHVGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3,4-DICHLOROPHENYL)-1,1-DIMETHYLUREA Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)NC1=CC=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C1 XMTQQYYKAHVGBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000030507 AIDS Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 0 C*(C1(*)O*(*)*C(C)*1*)O Chemical compound C*(C1(*)O*(*)*C(C)*1*)O 0.000 description 2
- 201000003883 Cystic fibrosis Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229930182566 Gentamicin Natural products 0.000 description 2
- CEAZRRDELHUEMR-URQXQFDESA-N Gentamicin Chemical compound O1[C@H](C(C)NC)CC[C@@H](N)[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](NC)[C@@](C)(O)CO2)O)[C@H](N)C[C@@H]1N CEAZRRDELHUEMR-URQXQFDESA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000031220 Hemophilia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000009292 Hemophilia A Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000700588 Human alphaherpesvirus 1 Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000725303 Human immunodeficiency virus Species 0.000 description 2
- 208000026350 Inborn Genetic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000021642 Muscular disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 201000009623 Myopathy Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 108010076504 Protein Sorting Signals Proteins 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229920004890 Triton X-100 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000013504 Triton X-100 Substances 0.000 description 2
- 108060008682 Tumor Necrosis Factor Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000011543 agarose gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000005936 beta-Galactosidase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010005774 beta-Galactosidase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 244000309466 calf Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920006317 cationic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010367 cloning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 239000005293 duran Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000016361 genetic disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229960002518 gentamicin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000005260 human cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000002163 immunogen Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000004698 lymphocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013642 negative control Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- RXWNCPJZOCPEPQ-NVWDDTSBSA-N puromycin Chemical compound C1=CC(OC)=CC=C1C[C@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](N2C3=NC=NC(=C3N=C2)N(C)C)O[C@@H]1CO RXWNCPJZOCPEPQ-NVWDDTSBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001177 retroviral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920002477 rna polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 210000002966 serum Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002753 trypsin inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000003390 tumor necrosis factor Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 241000701161 unidentified adenovirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241001529453 unidentified herpesvirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000013603 viral vector Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000010507 Adenocarcinoma of Lung Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108090000935 Antithrombin III Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100022977 Antithrombin-III Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 208000035143 Bacterial infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102100032367 C-C motif chemokine 5 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229920002101 Chitin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000009016 Cholera Toxin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010049048 Cholera Toxin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108020004638 Circular DNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100022641 Coagulation factor IX Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000007644 Colony-Stimulating Factors Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010053770 Deoxyribonucleases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000016911 Deoxyribonucleases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N EDTA Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O KCXVZYZYPLLWCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000206602 Eukaryota Species 0.000 description 1
- 108010076282 Factor IX Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010054218 Factor VIII Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000001690 Factor VIII Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108700007698 Genetic Terminator Regions Proteins 0.000 description 1
- SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutaraldehyde Chemical compound O=CCCCC=O SXRSQZLOMIGNAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 102000004457 Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010017213 Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010018910 Haemolysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 101000797762 Homo sapiens C-C motif chemokine 5 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108060003951 Immunoglobulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000014150 Interferons Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010050904 Interferons Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000015696 Interleukins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010063738 Interleukins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010058467 Lung neoplasm malignant Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000008072 Lymphokines Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010074338 Lymphokines Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007651 Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010046938 Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001529936 Murinae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010067482 No adverse event Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 108010077850 Nuclear Localization Signals Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007399 Nuclear hormone receptor Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108020005497 Nuclear hormone receptor Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000030852 Parasitic disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000011755 Phosphoglycerate Kinase Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229920002873 Polyethylenimine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012979 RPMI medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012980 RPMI-1640 medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000700157 Rattus norvegicus Species 0.000 description 1
- 108700008625 Reporter Genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 101150003725 TK gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000004098 Tetracycline Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101001099217 Thermotoga maritima (strain ATCC 43589 / DSM 3109 / JCM 10099 / NBRC 100826 / MSB8) Triosephosphate isomerase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 108090000631 Trypsin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004142 Trypsin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 102000044209 Tumor Suppressor Genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108700025716 Tumor Suppressor Genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108020000999 Viral RNA Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005917 acylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960000723 ampicillin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- AVKUERGKIZMTKX-NJBDSQKTSA-N ampicillin Chemical compound C1([C@@H](N)C(=O)N[C@H]2[C@H]3SC([C@@H](N3C2=O)C(O)=O)(C)C)=CC=CC=C1 AVKUERGKIZMTKX-NJBDSQKTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003242 anti bacterial agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960005348 antithrombin iii Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000022362 bacterial infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000007982 barbital buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012620 biological material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001574 biopsy Methods 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000004413 cardiac myocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032823 cell division Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003169 central nervous system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960005091 chloramphenicol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WIIZWVCIJKGZOK-RKDXNWHRSA-N chloramphenicol Chemical compound ClC(Cl)C(=O)N[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)C1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 WIIZWVCIJKGZOK-RKDXNWHRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000349 chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229940047120 colony stimulating factors Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002299 complementary DNA Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012228 culture supernatant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009109 curative therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000093 cytochemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020176 deacylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005947 deacylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012217 deletion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037430 deletion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000412 dendrimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000736 dendritic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 108010002712 deoxyribonuclease II Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005595 deprotonation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010537 deprotonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 206010013023 diphtheria Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229940042399 direct acting antivirals protease inhibitors Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001493 electron microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002257 embryonic structure Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003623 enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007071 enzymatic hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006047 enzymatic hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002532 enzyme inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011067 equilibration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZMMJGEGLRURXTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethidium bromide Chemical compound [Br-].C12=CC(N)=CC=C2C2=CC=C(N)C=C2[N+](CC)=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZMMJGEGLRURXTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960005542 ethidium bromide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013604 expression vector Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004222 factor ix Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000301 factor viii Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000002950 fibroblast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002496 gastric effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001415 gene therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000034356 gene-regulatory proteins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108091006104 gene-regulatory proteins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000010353 genetic engineering Methods 0.000 description 1
- BRZYSWJRSDMWLG-CAXSIQPQSA-N geneticin Natural products O1C[C@@](O)(C)[C@H](NC)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C(C)O)O2)N)[C@@H](N)C[C@H]1N BRZYSWJRSDMWLG-CAXSIQPQSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003102 growth factor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003394 haemopoietic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008588 hemolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002440 hepatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000028993 immune response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000987 immune system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 102000018358 immunoglobulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229940072221 immunoglobulins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002596 immunotoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000608 immunotoxin Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940051026 immunotoxin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002637 immunotoxin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036512 infertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000028709 inflammatory response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002743 insertional mutagenesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940047124 interferons Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940047122 interleukins Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007912 intraperitoneal administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002601 intratumoral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930027917 kanamycin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229960000318 kanamycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- SBUJHOSQTJFQJX-NOAMYHISSA-N kanamycin Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CN)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](N)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O2)O)[C@H](N)C[C@@H]1N SBUJHOSQTJFQJX-NOAMYHISSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182823 kanamycin A Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004989 laser desorption mass spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000265 leukocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000005229 liver cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 201000005249 lung adenocarcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000005296 lung carcinoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 210000005265 lung cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 208000017830 lymphoblastoma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000012139 lysis buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003712 lysosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001868 lysosomic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002540 macrophage Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001823 molecular biology technique Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001616 monocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000005087 mononuclear cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000107 myocyte Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001087 myotubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N norethisterone Chemical compound O=C1CC[C@@H]2[C@H]3CC[C@](C)([C@](CC4)(O)C#C)[C@@H]4[C@@H]3CCC2=C1 VIKNJXKGJWUCNN-XGXHKTLJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000926 not very toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 108020004017 nuclear receptors Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 210000004940 nucleus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000030648 nucleus localization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002811 oleoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000489 osmium tetroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012285 osmium tetroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 208000003154 papilloma Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000052769 pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000137 peptide hydrolase inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002798 polar solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000447 polyanionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002959 polymer blend Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003752 polymerase chain reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013641 positive control Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229950010131 puromycin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000003314 quadriceps muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005956 quaternization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012679 serum free medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001057 smooth muscle myoblast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004936 stimulating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960002180 tetracycline Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930101283 tetracycline Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000019364 tetracycline Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003522 tetracyclines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002560 therapeutic procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001541 thymus gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003014 totipotent stem cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010361 transduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000026683 transduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012588 trypsin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004881 tumor cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 241001430294 unidentified retrovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B37/00—Preparation of polysaccharides not provided for in groups C08B1/00 - C08B35/00; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0006—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid
- C08B37/0024—Homoglycans, i.e. polysaccharides having a main chain consisting of one single sugar, e.g. colominic acid beta-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)-D-Glucans, e.g. paramylon, coriolan, sclerotan, pachyman, callose, scleroglucan, schizophyllan, laminaran, lentinan or curdlan; (beta-1,6)-D-Glucans, e.g. pustulan; (beta-1,4)-D-Glucans; (beta-1,3)(beta-1,4)-D-Glucans, e.g. lichenan; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/0027—2-Acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-glucans; Derivatives thereof
- C08B37/003—Chitin, i.e. 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-(beta-1,4)-D-glucan or N-acetyl-beta-1,4-D-glucosamine; Chitosan, i.e. deacetylated product of chitin or (beta-1,4)-D-glucosamine; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K47/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient
- A61K47/50—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates
- A61K47/51—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent
- A61K47/56—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule
- A61K47/61—Medicinal preparations characterised by the non-active ingredients used, e.g. carriers or inert additives; Targeting or modifying agents chemically bound to the active ingredient the non-active ingredient being chemically bound to the active ingredient, e.g. polymer-drug conjugates the non-active ingredient being a modifying agent the modifying agent being an organic macromolecular compound, e.g. an oligomeric, polymeric or dendrimeric molecule the organic macromolecular compound being a polysaccharide or a derivative thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K48/00—Medicinal preparations containing genetic material which is inserted into cells of the living body to treat genetic diseases; Gene therapy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/10—Dispersions; Emulsions
- A61K9/127—Synthetic bilayered vehicles, e.g. liposomes or liposomes with cholesterol as the only non-phosphatidyl surfactant
- A61K9/1271—Non-conventional liposomes, e.g. PEGylated liposomes or liposomes coated or grafted with polymers
- A61K9/1272—Non-conventional liposomes, e.g. PEGylated liposomes or liposomes coated or grafted with polymers comprising non-phosphatidyl surfactants as bilayer-forming substances, e.g. cationic lipids or non-phosphatidyl liposomes coated or grafted with polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
- C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
- C12N15/87—Introduction of foreign genetic material using processes not otherwise provided for, e.g. co-transformation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to chitosan compounds comprising from 5 to 300 repeats of glucosamine units and a pharmaceutical composition comprising such compounds. More particularly, the present invention relates to a process for preparing chitosan according to the invention and its use for the transfer of a nucleic acid into a host cell.
- the most practiced approach consists in using a viral vector to introduce the therapeutic nucleic acid into the cells to be treated and, in particular retroviral and adenoviral.
- viruses have developed sophisticated mechanisms to cross cell membranes, escape degradation at the level of lysosomes and make their genome penetrate into the nuclei in order to ensure the expression of the therapeutic gene.
- the viral approach has its limitations, in particular a limited cloning capacity, a potential production of viral particles competent for replication capable of dissemination in the host organism and the environment, a risk of insertional mutagenesis in the case of vectors. retrovirals and an induction of immune and inflammatory responses in the host which hamper repeat therapy in the case of adenoviral vectors.
- cationic polymers such as dendrimers (WO 95/24221), polyethylene imine (WO 96/02655) and polylysine (WO 95/33061) could exhibit hemolytic activity after intravenous administration.
- chitosan a natural polysaccharide formed by the linear repetition of glucosamine residues.
- chitosan a natural polysaccharide formed by the linear repetition of glucosamine residues.
- chitosan obtained by deacylation of chitin. Generally, they have a long chain of glucosamine units and have a high average molecular weight of up to 2000 kDa.
- the preparations of lower molecular mass available at present have approximately 70 kDa and contain on average 430 glucosamine residues (a glucosamine unit with a molecular mass of 161 Da).
- Fragments of chitosan of low molecular mass less than 5 kDa, between 5 and 10 kDa and greater than 10 kDa, have now been generated by acid hydrolysis, and have shown their properties particularly advantageous for gene transfer.
- the chitosan fragments of the present invention are large enough to form with the therapeutic nucleic acid a complex of adequate stability to allow its transport in the host cell but also its release in vivo.
- the process used makes it possible to reduce the pigments which contaminate the preparations of the prior art and to improve the solubility in water.
- composition comprising a compound of general formula [X] n in which n represents an integer from 5 to 300 and X has the following formula (I):
- a first subject of the invention relates to a composition
- a composition comprising a compound comprising a linear repeat of 5 to 300 glucosamine residues of formula (I) as defined above.
- This compound according to the invention is advantageously used for its transfecting power for the transfer of a gene or a vector of interest into a host cell.
- n represents an integer from 5 to 150, preferably from 5 to 75 and, most preferably, n is between 5 and 50.
- a compound which can be used according to the invention can be chemically nodified by addition, deletion and / or substitution of radicals or chemical groups so as to improve its stability, its half-life, the complexation with nucleic acid and / or its transfecting power.
- the modification may relate to part (partial modification) or all (complete modification) of the glucosamine residues and to one or more radical (s) of each of the glucosamine residues.
- a compound which can be used according to the invention is modified by N-, C- and / or O-alkylation, -acylation, -aminoalkylation and / or - polyoxyethylenation (see for example Dunn et al., 1993, J.
- the particularly preferred compounds are poly-N-dodecyl-polyglucosamine in which the NH2 radical of formula (I) is replaced by NH- (CH2) 11-CH3 and mono-C ⁇ -octadecyl-polyglucosamine in which the OH radical of the compound according to the invention after chain is replaced by O- (CH2) 17-CH3.
- the compound which can be used according to the invention is a chitosanium salt, in particular a sulphate, a phosphate and, more preferably, a chloride.
- the compounds which can be used according to the invention can be obtained in different ways. They can, for example, be synthesized chemically from the glucosamine monomer by polymerization or from a high molecular weight preparation by gentle enzymatic hydrolysis. However, it is particularly preferred to use an acid hydrolysis process for the prior art chitosan preparations followed by differential diafiltration, as described below.
- the present invention also relates to certain of the compounds of formula (I) as such, in particular the compound of formula [X] n in which n represents an integer from 5 to 300 and X has the following formula (1):
- the present invention also relates to a substantially pure preparation of chitosan. It is in particular obtained by any conventional purification technique and in particular, by extraction of pigments and other residual contaminants. This purification step can be carried out on commercial chitosan preparations to generate a substantially pure preparation of high molecular weight or not which can be used to complex a nucleic acid.
- the present invention relates more particularly to a composition comprising at least one compound or preparation according to the invention and a therapeutically active substance. It is preferably a negatively charged substance and, in particular, a nucleic acid.
- nucleic acid is meant both a deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and a sense or antisense ribonucleic acid (RNA).
- the nucleic acid can be homologous or heterologous to the host cell. They can be natural, hybrid or synthetic sequences derived from genomic DNA, cDNA, mRNA, APvNr, tRNA, viral RNA, of any origin (prokaryote, eukaryote, virus , parasite, plant ). They can be obtained by conventional molecular biology techniques (cloning, PCR for Polymerase Chain Reaction in English, etc.) or by chemical synthesis.
- the nucleic acid used in the context of the present invention is a vector for the expression of a gene of therapeutic interest.
- the expression vector is advantageously in the form of a plasmid, but it is also possible to use a viral vector (derived from a retrovirus, adenovirus, poxvirus, herpes virus, virus associated with adenovirus ).
- a viral vector derived from a retrovirus, adenovirus, poxvirus, herpes virus, virus associated with adenovirus .
- the choice of plasmids which can be used in the present invention is vast. It is possible to use a plasmid / vector of the prior art or to construct it by genetic manipulation techniques (Maniatis et al., 1989, Laboratory Manual, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor NY).
- the plasmid used in the present invention may also include additional elements improving its maintenance, its stability in the host cell or even its integration into the chromosomes of the host. Generally, such elements are known to those skilled in the art.
- the gene of therapeutic interest in use in the present invention can code for a ribozyme, an antisense RNA or even an mRNA which will then be translated into a polypeptide.
- a polypeptide It may be a mature polypeptide, a precursor and in particular a precursor intended to be secreted and comprising a signal peptide, of a native, truncated, chimeric polypeptide originating from the fusion of sequences of various origins or d 'a mutated polypeptide having improved and / or modified biological properties.
- polypeptides to which consideration can be given there may be mentioned more particularly:
- cytokines or lymphokines interferons ⁇ , ⁇ and ⁇ , interleukins and in particular LL-2, ⁇ LL-6, riL-10 OR IL-12, tumor necrosis factors (TNF), colony stimulating factors (GM-CSF , C-CSF, M-CSF ...);
- cellular or nuclear receptors receptors recognized by pathogenic organisms (viruses, bacteria, or parasites) and, preferably, by the HIV virus (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) or their ligands;
- proteins capable of complementing deficient cellular activity in particular in the context of a genetic disease (factor Vu, factor VIII, factor IX, dystrophin or minidystrophin, insulin, CFTR protein (Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator), growth hormones (hGH);
- enzyme inhibitors ⁇ l-antitrypsin, antithrombin III, viral protease inhibitors, etc.
- polypeptides with anti-tumor effect capable of at least partially inhibiting the initiation or progression of tumors or cancers
- anti-sense RNA antibodies, inhibitors acting at the level of cell division or transduction signals, expression of tumor suppressor genes, e.g. p53 or Rb, polypeptides or peptides stimulating the immune system
- polypeptides capable of inhibiting a viral, bacterial or parasitic infection and / or its development antigenic polypeptides having immunogenic properties, antigenic epitopes, antibodies, trans-dominant variants capable of inhibiting the action of a native protein by competition ...;
- toxins thymidine kinase from herpes simplex virus 1 (TK-HSV-1), ricin, cholera toxin, diphtheria ”). or immunotoxins; and
- the therapeutic gene is placed under the control of the elements necessary for its expression in the host cell.
- “necessary elements” is meant all of the elements allowing its transcription into RNA and the translation of an mRNA into a polypeptide.
- the promoter is of particular importance. It can be derived from any gene (eukaryotic, viral, natural promoter of the gene of interest in question ...) or can be hybrid. Furthermore, it can be constitutive or regulable. Alternatively, it can be modified so as to improve the promoter activity, to suppress a region inhibiting transcription, to modify its mode of regulation, to introduce a restriction site ...
- Mention may be made, by way of examples, of viral promoters CMV (Cytomegalovirus), of the TK gene of the HSV-1 virus, early of the SV40 virus (Simian Virus 40), early adenoviral (El A) or late (MLP for Major Late Promoter) or the eukaryotic promoters of the PGK genes (Phospho Glycerate kinase) murine or human, D l-antitrypsin (liver-specific), immunoglobulins (lymphocyte-specific).
- CMV Cytomegalovirus
- nucleic acid can also comprise additional elements such as intronic sequence, signal sequence, nuclear localization sequence, transcription terminator sequence, site of initiation of translation of IRES type or the like.
- vector may contain several genes of interest placed under the control of independent or common regulatory elements.
- the respective proportions of the compound according to the invention and of the nucleic acid are preferably determined so that the charge ratio of said nucleic acid to said compound (R DNA / compound) is between 1/10 and 10/1 and, preferably between 1/1 and 1/5.
- a composition according to the invention can be used as it is or in combination with other compounds and, in particular an adjuvant capable of improving its transfecting power.
- the adjuvants preferably used in the composition according to the invention are the cationic amphiphilic compounds and / or the neutral or zwitterionic lipids.
- a mono, di or tri alkylated or acylated compound bearing from 1 to 4 positive charges is preferred, such as a cationic lipid.
- DOGS 5-carboxyspermylglycine dioctadecylamide
- DC-Chol 3 ⁇ [N- (N ', N'- dimethylaminoethane) -carbamoyl] cholesterol
- DOSPA (2,3-droleylocyl- N- [2 (sperminecarboxamido) ethyl] N, N-dimethyl-1-propanaminium trifluoroacetate)
- phosphatidyl ethanolamine As it is a neutral or zwitterionic lipid, mention may be made of phosphatidyl ethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphocholine, sphyngomyelin, ceramide and cerebroside or their derivatives. Preferably, it is dioleyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine (DOPE).
- DOPE dioleyl phosphatidyl ethanolamine
- a composition according to the invention is more particularly characterized in that the lipid-to-DNA charge ratio is between 25/1 and 1/1 and preferably 5/1 and
- composition according to the invention it is also possible to combine with the composition according to the invention other substances to further improve the transfection efficiency or the stability of the complexes.
- the present invention also relates to the use of a composition according to the invention, for preparing a medicament for curative, preventive or vaccine purposes intended for the transfer of nucleic acid into a host cell in vivo, ex vivo or in vitro.
- a composition according to the invention can be used in various types of host cells, for example a microorganism, yeast, insect, plant cell but it is preferably a mammalian cell and, in particular d 'a human cell.
- Said cell can be a primary or tumor cell of hematopoietic origin (totipotent stem cell, leukocyte, lymphocyte, monocyte, macrophage ”), hepatic, renal, of the central nervous system, fibroblast, epithelial and in particular a pulmonary epithelial cell, or muscle (myocyte, myoblast, cardiomyocyte, satellite cell ).
- totipotent stem cell leukocyte, lymphocyte, monocyte, macrophage
- hepatic renal
- fibroblast epithelial and in particular a pulmonary epithelial cell
- muscle myocyte, myoblast, cardiomyocyte, satellite cell
- a composition according to the invention can be administered systemically or by aerosol.
- One can more particularly consider the gastric, subcutaneous, intracardiac, intramuscular, intravenous, intraperitoneal, intratumoral, intrapulmonary, intranasal or intratracheal route.
- the administration can take place in single dose or repeated one or more times after a certain interval of interval.
- the appropriate route of administration and dosage vary according to different parameters, for example the individual or the disease to be treated or the gene (s) to be transferred.
- the formulation may also include a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.
- a composition according to the invention is in particular intended for the preventive or curative treatment of genetic diseases (hemophilia, cystic fibrosis, Duchenne and Becker myopathy, etc.), cancers and viral diseases (AIDS, papilloma infections, herpes virus. ..).
- the present invention also relates to a process for preparing a compound which can be used according to the invention from a preparation of high molecular weight chitosan by acid hydrolysis, precipitation with ethanol and extraction of the pigments in the presence of an organic solvent. .
- High molecular weight chitosan preparations are commercially available (e.g. Fluka, references 22741, 22742 and 22743). In the context of the present invention, it is preferred to use a preparation with an average molecular weight of around 70 kDa which corresponds to the lowest molecular weight available on the market (Fluka reference 22741). Acid hydrolysis is carried out in the presence of hydrochloric acid at a molarity of approximately 4 M at a temperature of approximately 100 ° C and for approximately 4 hours. Of course, a person skilled in the art is able to adapt the experimental hydrolysis conditions according to the starting preparation. After coarse filtration to remove the insolubles and cooling, the hydrolyzate is precipitated with ethanol at a final concentration of approximately 50% when cold. The precipitated material is harvested by centrifugation or any conventional means. It is preferable to carry out several washes in 50% ethanol before taking it up in water or an appropriate buffer.
- the dissolved material is subjected to extraction in the presence of solvent.
- Any polar solvent which is immiscible with water can be used and, in particular, C 4 to C 8 alcohols and esters thereof.
- a preferred solvent in the context of the invention is butanol-2.
- This step which has the advantage of considerably reducing the pigments contained in the starting preparation, preferably comprises a first extraction with a third of volume of butanol-2 then a second extraction carried out on the aqueous phase with a third of volume of a butanol-2 / hexane mixture (50/50).
- the method according to the invention comprises an additional step aimed at separating the compounds of the invention according to their size.
- fractionation methods permeation gel, membrane filtration, etc.
- differential diafiltration using membranes with increasing cutoff threshold.
- the compound of the invention having an average molecular mass of less than 5 kDa is obtained in the filtrate resulting from a first diafiltration through a membrane having a cut-off threshold of 5 kDa.
- the concentrate is then recovered and subjected to a second diafiltration through a membrane having a cutoff threshold of 10 kDa in order to obtain in the filtrate the compound having an average molecular weight of 5 to 10 kDa and, in the concentrate, the compound of the invention having an average molecular weight greater than 10 kDa and less than the starting chitosan.
- a second diafiltration through a membrane having a cutoff threshold of 10 kDa in order to obtain in the filtrate the compound having an average molecular weight of 5 to 10 kDa and, in the concentrate, the compound of the invention having an average molecular weight greater than 10 kDa and less than the starting chitosan.
- the skilled person is able to adapt the technique according to the desired average molecular weight. It is also possible to carry out one or more additional diafiltration (s) on the last concentrate generated. For example, the passage of the latter through a membrane having a cutoff threshold of 15 kDa will make it possible to harvest the
- Figure 1 illustrates a cytotoxicity graph on L132 cells obtained with the polymers pcTG12 NI, pcTG12 N2, pcTG12 N3, dextran and polylysine.
- Figure 2 illustrates a cytotoxicity graph on CCRF-CEM cells obtained with the polymers pcTG12 NI, pcTG12 N2, pcTG12 N3, dextran and polylysine.
- Figure 3 illustrates the hemolytic activity tested on rat red blood cells of the polymers pcTG12 NI, pcTG12 N2, pcTG12 N3, dextran and polylysine after 1 hour of contact.
- FIG. 4 illustrates the hemolytic activity tested on rat red blood cells of the polymers pcTG12 NI, pcTG12 N2, pcTG12 N3, dextran and polylysine after 5 hours of contact.
- Figure 5 illustrates the expression of luciferase in A549 cells transfected with the plasmid pTG1 1033 complexed with DC Chol / DOPE (control) or DC Chol / DOPE / chitosan at a concentration of 10, 30 and 60%.
- Figure 6 illustrates the expression of luciferase in primary myoblasts transfected with the plasmid pTG11033 complexed with DC Chol / DOPE (control) or DC Chol / DOPE / chitosan at a concentration of 10, 30 and 60%.
- EXAMPLE 1 preparation of chitosan fragments.
- the commercial preparations of chitosan of varied molecular mass can be used and the most suitable for the implementation of the present invention are those of low molecular mass (for example the preparation Fluka under the reference 22741 whose molecular mass average is around 70 kDa).
- the acid hydrolysis is carried out in a 1 liter Schott DURAN bottle with a magnetic stirrer. After weighing, 25 g of chitosan (lot 340315/1 295) are placed in the presence of 625 ml of hydrochloric acid (HC1) 4 M (HC1 of analytical quality such as R.P Normatur, Prolabo 20 252.290, min 36%).
- HC1 hydrochloric acid
- the reaction mixture After exchanging the gas phase for 5 min with nitrogen (to avoid any oxidation) and closing the bottle, the reaction mixture is placed under regular magnetic stirring (500 rpm) in a water bath. oil kept at 100 ° C. After equilibration of the temperature (15 min under the aforementioned experimental conditions), the reaction is allowed to continue for 4 hours at 100 ° C. It is observed that this treatment is accompanied by a change in coloration of the solution which appears light brown.
- the hydrolysis conditions are suitable for the preparation of starting chitosan. If it has a high molecular weight (Fluka, 750 or 2000 kDa), the hydrolysis will be more stringent (increase in the concentration of HC1 or the reaction time).
- the reaction mixture is immediately filtered (pore filter of about 0.6 mm) in order to remove the insoluble impurities and aggregates.
- the filtrate is transferred to a 2 liter Schott DURAN bottle and cooled for about 1 hour in ice before being precipitated by adding 625 ml of absolute ethanol (of analytical quality, for example sds, reference 013A0516) and kept overnight at 2-4 ° C.
- the precipitated material is collected by centrifugation (10,000 g, 2-4 ° C, 10 min) and subjected to two washes in an ethanol / water mixture (50/50).
- the pellets are taken up in 20 to 60 ml of demineralized water on a Milli Q cartridge (Milli Q water), frozen at -80 ° C. while waiting to be lyophilized.
- a Milli Q cartridge Milli Q water
- 12 to 16 g of chitosan fragments are obtained in the form of hydrochloride salts.
- the pigments are then extracted from the preparation of chitosan x nHCl in the following manner. 14.9 g of the above lyophilized preparation are dissolved in 300 ml of Milli Q water and then treated with 100 ml of butanol-2 (analytical quality). The mixture is then vigorously stirred and left at room temperature in a separating funnel until the phases have separated.
- the upper phase of brownish coloration is eliminated and the aqueous phase is subjected to a new extraction in the presence of 100 ml of a butanol-2 / hexane mixture (50/50).
- the lower phase is recovered, the aqueous medium of which is evaporated by rotation under vacuum.
- the dried material is finally dissolved in 50 to 100 ml of Milli Q water and subjected to two consecutive diafiltration stages using membranes of increasing cut-off threshold in order to purify chitosan fragments of corresponding molecular mass.
- the solution is first filtered through a 5 kDa cut-off membrane (for example YM-5, Amicon). This last operation is repeated three times, supplementing with Milli Q water to the initial volume and the filtrates thus obtained are combined and frozen pending lyophilization.
- a dry, white preparation of chitosan chloride is obtained with a molecular mass of less than 5 kDa (designated pcTG12 NI).
- the concentrate is in turn subjected to a second diafiltration on a cut-off membrane of 10 kDa (for example YM-10, Amicon). After 3 washes with the initial volume, the filtrates are combined, frozen and lyophilized to give a dry white preparation of chitosan chloride with a molecular mass of between 5 and 10 kDa (designated pcTG12 N2).
- the concentrate is recovered, which is also frozen and lyophilized, from which a slightly yellowish dry preparation of chitosan chloride with a molecular mass greater than 10 kDa is obtained (designated pcTG12 N3).
- the preparations thus generated can be characterized by conventional analytical methods, for example by assaying free amino groups (Curotto and Aros, 1993, Analytical Biochemistry 21 1, 240-241).
- the length of the polymers was also determined by laser desorption mass spectrometry and a distribution is observed in the Gausse curve.
- the polymers of the pcTGl2 NI preparation ( ⁇ 5 kDa) are formed by a repetition of 5 to 35 glucosamine residues, the maximum being around 10.
- the polymers of the pcTG12 N2 preparation (5-10 kDa) have a repetition of 10 to 50 monomers, the maximum being between 30 and 35.
- the capacity of the above polymeric preparations to complex the reporter plasmid pCHUON is evaluated. It comprises the promoter / enhancer block of the SV40 virus directing the expression of the LacZ gene coding for the ⁇ -galactosidase of Escherichia coli provided in N-terminal with a nuclear localization signal originating from SV40.
- 500 ng of plasmid DNA are placed in the presence of increasing amounts of each of the pcTG12 N preparations according to a DNA / chitosan mass ratio varying from 1 / 0.5 to 1/4 (the precise DNA / chitosan ratios are: 1/0 , 5, 1/1, 1 / 1.5, 1/2, 1/3 and 1/4) in a total volume of 10 ⁇ l possibly supplemented with TE (10 mM Tris, 1 mM EDTA) pH 7.5.
- the negative control consists of plasmid DNA simply taken up in TE.
- the mixtures are analyzed on 0.9% agarose gel (TAExl migration buffer pH 7.8 and 2 hour migration at 50V) and revealed by ethidium bromide. Free plasmid DNA migrates in the form of several bands corresponding to the different topoisomers (circular DNA, supercoiled) while once complexed with chitosan, it no longer enters the gel and is visualized in the deposition pockets.
- the cytotoxicity of the polymers pcTG12 NI, N2 and N3 was evaluated in vitro against human cell lines L132 (ATCC CCL5) originating from lungs.
- human embryos and CCRF-CEM ATCC CCL1 19 from human lymphoblastoma. These lines were selected on the basis of their different behavior in cell culture, the first growing in an adherent manner (L132) and the second in suspension (CCRF-CEM).
- CCRF-CEM cells are cultured in a 96-well microtiter plate with a "v" -shaped bottom (Costar) at the rate of 1x104 cells per well and cultured at 37 ° C. in a CO 2 5% atmosphere in RPMI 1640 medium (Gibco BRL) containing 10% fetal calf serum (FCS) (Gibco BRL).
- RPMI 1640 medium Gibco BRL
- FCS fetal calf serum
- the cells are centrifuged at 1000 g for 10 min and the cell pellet is taken up in the same medium in the presence of the polymers to be tested (dissolution of an adequate quantity of each of the polymers in RPMI medium 1640-10% FCS of so as to obtain a final concentration of 0.1 ⁇ g / ml to 1 mg / ml then sterilizing filtration on 0.2 ⁇ m filters (Acrodisk)).
- Medium containing dextran of molecular mass 72 kDa (Sigma) is used at concentrations identical to those used for the molecules pcTG12 as a negative control and polylysine of molecular mass 30-70 kDa (Sigma) as a positive control .
- the control cells are cultivated under the same conditions but in the absence of polymers.
- the L132 cells are cultured in a 96-well microtiter plate (Costar) at the rate of 1 ⁇ 10 4 cells per well and cultured at 37 ° C. in a 5% CO 2 atmosphere in El 99 medium (Gibco BRL, reference 22340 -012) containing 5% FCS. After 24 hours, the culture supernatant is replaced by fresh El 99-5% FCS medium in which appropriate concentrations of each of the polymers of the invention or of the controls have been dissolved as indicated above.
- El 99 medium Gibco BRL, reference 22340 -012
- the viability of the L132 and CCRF-CEM cells is determined after 67 hours of exposure to the various polymers by the MTT test according to the technique described in Sgouras and Ducan (1990, J. of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine 1, 61-68) . After an incubation period of 5 hours, the cell supernatant is removed (possibly after centrifugation at low speed in the case of lines in suspension) and replaced by 100 ⁇ l of optical grade DMSO (Sigma) and the absorbance is determined at 550 nm at each culture well (Titerteck plate reader). Low absorbance is a sign of significant mortality. The viability is expressed as a percentage relative to the absorbance read for the cells cultured in the absence of polymers.
- Figures 1 and 2 show the results obtained for L132 and CCRF-CEM cells respectively and show that the 3 polymers according to the invention (chitosan fragments with molecular mass ⁇ 5, 5-10 and> 10 kDa) have little effect on viability cell and this at doses as high as 0.5 mg / ml, just like dextran (non-recognized toxicity). At 1 mg / ml, a reduction in viability is observed by a factor of around 20%. The IC50, ie 50% of viable cells, corresponds to a concentration of approximately 2 mg / ml. On the other hand, polylysine exerts a cytotoxic effect at doses 100 times lower (IC50 reached at a concentration of 10 ⁇ g / ml).
- the pcTG12 NI, N2 and N3 polymers are diluted to concentrations ranging from 1 to 10 ng / ml in PBS buffer, placed in the presence of a fresh suspension of rat red blood cells (2% weight / volume) and incubated at 37 ° C for 1 and 5 hours.
- the mixture is centrifuged at 1500 g for 10 min at room temperature and the amount of hemoglobin present in the supernatant is evaluated by spectophotometric assay at 550 nm. The same is done with the dextran and polylysine witnesses.
- the results are expressed as a percentage of lysis relative to a control treated with Triton X-100 (Sigma) which corresponds to 100% lysis.
- the red cells of rats are incubated for 1 or 5 hours in the presence of 10 ⁇ g / ml of pcTG12 NI, N2, N3, dextran or polylysine then suspended overnight in a reconstituted glutaraldehyde solution (0.25% vol / vol) in PBS (Oxoide).
- the cells are centrifuged at low speed (1200 g 1 min at room temperature; MSE Microcentour centrifuge) and, after removal of the supernatant, taken up in 1% osmium tetroxide (weight / vol) in PBS. After 1 hour at room temperature, centrifugation is carried out under the same conditions as above and the cells are treated with 50% ethanol diluted in PBS for 30 min.
- the plasmid pTG11033 (1 mg / ml) is used to evaluate the transfection efficiency of the compounds of the invention. It includes the reporter gene read which codes for luciferase placed under the control of the CMV promoter and the gene for resistance to kanamycin. However, any other plasmid can also be used.
- DC-Chol is obtained by chemical synthesis on a scale of 20 g according to the process described by Gao et al. (1991, BBRC 179, 280-285).
- the colipid DOPE is commercially available (Sigma, reference P5078).
- the stock solutions of the pcTG12N chitosan preparations are stored at 10 mg / ml in chloroform.
- the DC-Chol / DOPE mixture is obtained by mixing the two compounds in a weight ratio of 1/1 and a stock solution is established in chloroform at a rate of 10 mg / ml.
- the transfections are carried out in 96-well plates in which 2x104 A 549 cells (ATCC CCL185) derived from human lung carcinoma are cultured in Eagle medium modified by Dulbecco (DMEM) containing 10% FCS. After 24 hours of culture at 37 ° C. in a CO2 atmosphere (5%), the cells are placed in the presence of DNA / DC Chol / DOPE complexes in the absence or in the presence of the pcTG12 NI polymers. The complexes are prepared in Nunc polypropylene tubes and in a laminar flow hood in order to preserve the sterility of the preparations.
- DMEM Dulbecco
- the lipids are first mixed with the polymer by injection of DC-Chol / DOPE either in water (control 0% chitosan) or in water containing chitosan (10, 30 or 60 %) using a Hamilton syringe and keeping the whole under slow agitation. It is indicated that the percentages of chitosan are calculated relative to the charge provided by the cationic lipid DC-Chol.
- the DNA is then added to the lipid / polymer mixture.
- DC Chol / DOPE / DNA 40.5 ⁇ l (540.5 ⁇ g) of the preceding lipid solution are added to 500 Dl of water of which 455 ⁇ l (or 455 ⁇ g) are placed in the presence of 30 ⁇ g of pTGl 1033 dissolved in a volume of 145 ⁇ l of water,
- DC Chol / DOPE / 10% Chitosan / DNA 40.5 ⁇ l (540.5 ⁇ g) of the preceding lipid solution are added to 498 ⁇ l of water and 2 ⁇ l (20 ⁇ g) of chitosan of which 455 ⁇ l are placed in the presence 30 ⁇ g of pTGl 1033 dissolved in a volume of 145 ⁇ l of water,
- DC Chol / DOPE / 30% Chitosan / DNA 40.5 ⁇ l (540.5 ⁇ g) of the preceding lipid solution are added to 494 ⁇ l of water and 6 ⁇ l (60 ⁇ g) of chitosan of which 455 ⁇ l are placed in the presence 30 ⁇ g of pTGl 1033 dissolved in a volume of 145 ⁇ l of water,
- DC Chol / DOPE / 60% Chitosan / DNA 40.5 ⁇ l (540.5 ⁇ g) of the preceding lipid solution are added to 488 ⁇ l of water and 12 ⁇ l (120 ⁇ g) of chitosan of which 455 ⁇ l are placed in the presence 30 ⁇ g of pTGl 1033 dissolved in a volume of 145 ⁇ l of water.
- the culture is continued for 48 hours, the medium eliminated and after having been washed with 100 ⁇ l of PBS buffer, the cells are lysed with 50 ⁇ l of lysis buffer (Promega) and frozen at -80 ° C. until measurement of 1 luciferase activity.
- the luciferase activity is revealed on 20 ⁇ l (or 2/5 of the sample) by measuring the emission of photons using a luminometer (LB96P, Berthold). The results are expressed in RLU / min sample. As an indication, the protein concentration of the sample measured is 24 to 32 ⁇ g.
- Myoblasts are obtained from biopsies performed on the quadriceps muscles of male dogs. The samples are fragmented into segments of approximately 1 mm 3 and cultured in Petri dishes (Falcon) covered with 1% human plasma gelatin. The culture is carried out in Ham FI 4 medium (Gibco BRL) supplemented with growth factors [Glutamine 2 mM (BioMérieux), FGF 10 ng / ml (Peprotech-TEBU), EGF 10 ng / ml (Sigma), insulin 10 ⁇ g / ml (Sigma)], gentamicin 40 ⁇ g / ml (Scherring Plow) and calf serum at a concentration of 10%.
- growth factors [Glutamine 2 mM (BioMérieux), FGF 10 ng / ml (Peprotech-TEBU), EGF 10 ng / ml (Sigma), insulin 10 ⁇ g / ml (Sigma)], gentamicin 40 ⁇ g
- the cells are distributed in 96-well plates at a rate of 5 ⁇ 10 3 cells per well and cultured under standard conditions for 24 hours before being transfected in serum-free medium with variable amounts of DNA.
- plasmid (2, 1, 0.5, 0.25, 0.125, 0.063, 0.032 or 0.016 ⁇ g) complexed with DC Chol / DOPE alone (for comparison) or with the DC Chol / DOPE / Chitosan mixture at a chitosan concentration of 10, 30 or 60%
- the preparation pcTG12N1 is used and the percentages of chitosan are expressed relative to the charge provided by DC-Chol.
- the various complexes are prepared in Ham F 14 medium supplemented with gentamicin and glutamine according to conventional methods or as indicated in the previous example. Once the culture medium has been aspirated, the cells are transfected with 225 ⁇ l of each sample to be tested. Four hours after transfection, the cells are replaced in the presence of serum by adding 25 ⁇ l of FCS to each well.
- the luciferase activity is determined 48 hours post-transfection after washing the cells in phosphate buffer and lysis (Promega buffer) The measurement is carried out using a Microlumat LB96P luminometer (Berthold) The results reported in Figure 6 show that the best transfection rates are obtained with complexes incorporating chitosan, the luciferase activity being 4 to 9 times higher than when the transfection implements DNA complexed with DC Chol / DOPE alone.
- the beneficial transfection effect of chitosan has been observed in a lung adenocarcinoma cell line and, at an even higher level, in a primary myoblast line.
- the chitosan pcTG12 NI, N2 and N3 preparations are labeled with iodine using the Bolton / Hunter reagent (Amersham Life Science; IM5861) (Bolton and Hunter, 1973, Biochem J. 133, 529-539).
- the preparations are adjusted to 10 mg / ml in borate buffer (for 1 1: 3.094 g of boric acid, 3.728 g of potassium chloride, pH 6.5) and 500 ⁇ l placed in the presence of triethylamine (193 ⁇ l for pcTG12 NI and 163 ⁇ l for pcTG12 N2 and N3) allowing the deprotonation of the groups -NH 3 + to -NH 2 .
- Each polymer thus activated is added to 0.5 mCi of Bolton / Hunter reagent (100 ⁇ l) previously dried and the reaction is allowed to continue for 15 min on ice.
- the labeling efficiency is determined on an aliquot of 5 ⁇ l by electrophoresis on chromatographic paper (Whatman, ref. 3001 845) and in barbital buffer pH 8.6 (Sigma, ref. B6632). Na 125 I is used as a control (Amersham, ref. IMS30). The migration of the preparations marked with respect to the control makes it possible to quantify the proportion of free and bound 125 I (see thesis by Ruth Duncan 1979, Keele University). The percentage of free I is estimated to be less than 1%. The rest of the preparation is subjected to dialysis against a solution of 1% HCl (v / v) in water (Sigma D7884 dialysis tubes) until no radioactivity can be detected in the dialysate.
- 200 ⁇ l of the marked preparation (5 ⁇ 104 cpm) is administered intravenously to Wistar rats (3 rats per preparation).
- the animals are sacrificed 5 min or 60 min after the injection and the radioactivity in the urine and faeces and a selection of organs after digestion in NaOH IN soda containing 0.1% Triton X-100 (v / v).
- Counting is carried out using a gamma counter (LKB Wallac) for 10 min per sample. The amount of radioactivity in each organ relative to the total radioactivity is determined.
- results presented in the tables below are expressed as a percentage of the dose recovered per organ ( ⁇ the standard bypass) and show a recovery of 32% (5 min) and 16% (60 min) of the doses injected for the NI preparation. and 36% (5 min) and 47% (60 min) for the N3 preparation.
- I mg of calf thymus DNA is complexed with increasing amounts of the pcTG12 NI, N2 and N3 preparations according to a charge ratio (polymers / DNA) of 1: 1 to 1: 0.01.
- the complexes thus formed are placed in the presence of deoxyribonuclease
- DNAase II DNAase II
- chitosan DNAase II
- the state of the DNA is estimated on agarose gel.
- Degradation is significantly reduced (compared to an uncomplexed DNA control) when the DNA is complexed with chitosan according to a high charge ratio.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Biophysics (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (7)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP97912239A EP0934342B1 (fr) | 1996-10-23 | 1997-10-23 | Composition contenant du chitosan |
DK97912239T DK0934342T3 (da) | 1996-10-23 | 1997-10-23 | Præparat indeholdende chitosan |
AT97912239T ATE211489T1 (de) | 1996-10-23 | 1997-10-23 | Chitosan enthaltende zusammensetzung |
AU49505/97A AU725723B2 (en) | 1996-10-23 | 1997-10-23 | Composition containing chitosan |
DE69709891T DE69709891T2 (de) | 1996-10-23 | 1997-10-23 | Chitosan enthaltende zusammensetzung |
JP10519049A JP2001502736A (ja) | 1996-10-23 | 1997-10-23 | キトサン含有組成物 |
CA002268804A CA2268804A1 (fr) | 1996-10-23 | 1997-10-23 | Composition contenant du chitosan |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR96/12894 | 1996-10-23 | ||
FR9612894A FR2754823A1 (fr) | 1996-10-23 | 1996-10-23 | Nouveaux derives du chitosan, compositions comportant du chitosan ou ses derives et application de ces compositions sur le transfert d'acide nucleique dans une cellule hote |
FR97/02296 | 1997-02-26 | ||
FR9702296A FR2754824B1 (fr) | 1996-10-23 | 1997-02-26 | Nouvelle composition contenant du chitosan |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO1998017693A1 true WO1998017693A1 (fr) | 1998-04-30 |
WO1998017693B1 WO1998017693B1 (fr) | 1998-06-11 |
Family
ID=26233061
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR1997/001897 WO1998017693A1 (fr) | 1996-10-23 | 1997-10-23 | Composition contenant du chitosan |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0934342B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP2001502736A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE211489T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU725723B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2268804A1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69709891T2 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK0934342T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2170377T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2754824B1 (fr) |
PT (1) | PT934342E (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1998017693A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7767456B2 (en) | 2002-05-03 | 2010-08-03 | Fmc Biopolymer As | Non-viral gene delivery system |
WO2012001075A2 (fr) | 2010-07-02 | 2012-01-05 | Transgene | Lignees cellulaire aviaires immortalisées |
US10383971B2 (en) | 2007-02-19 | 2019-08-20 | Marine Polymer Technologies, Inc. | Hemostatic compositions and therapeutic regimens |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030069206A1 (en) * | 1998-07-10 | 2003-04-10 | Nichols Everett J. | Methods and kits for absorbing fat |
EP1154800A2 (fr) * | 1999-02-25 | 2001-11-21 | DCV, Inc. | Complexes de chitosane-acide secs |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6121103A (ja) * | 1984-07-10 | 1986-01-29 | Yaizu Suisan Kagaku Kogyo Kk | キトサンオリゴ糖の製造方法 |
JPS62292802A (ja) * | 1986-06-12 | 1987-12-19 | Higeta Shoyu Kk | キトサンの精製法 |
US4970150A (en) * | 1988-07-06 | 1990-11-13 | Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology | Process for preparing chitosan oligosaccharides |
JPH03198782A (ja) * | 1989-12-27 | 1991-08-29 | Bitamin Kenkyusho:Kk | 遺伝子導入用キャリアー、該キャリアーと遺伝子との複合体及び細胞への遺伝子導入法 |
-
1997
- 1997-02-26 FR FR9702296A patent/FR2754824B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-23 WO PCT/FR1997/001897 patent/WO1998017693A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1997-10-23 EP EP97912239A patent/EP0934342B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-23 AU AU49505/97A patent/AU725723B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-10-23 DK DK97912239T patent/DK0934342T3/da active
- 1997-10-23 CA CA002268804A patent/CA2268804A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1997-10-23 AT AT97912239T patent/ATE211489T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-10-23 ES ES97912239T patent/ES2170377T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-10-23 DE DE69709891T patent/DE69709891T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-10-23 PT PT97912239T patent/PT934342E/pt unknown
- 1997-10-23 JP JP10519049A patent/JP2001502736A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS6121103A (ja) * | 1984-07-10 | 1986-01-29 | Yaizu Suisan Kagaku Kogyo Kk | キトサンオリゴ糖の製造方法 |
JPS62292802A (ja) * | 1986-06-12 | 1987-12-19 | Higeta Shoyu Kk | キトサンの精製法 |
US4970150A (en) * | 1988-07-06 | 1990-11-13 | Agency Of Industrial Science & Technology | Process for preparing chitosan oligosaccharides |
JPH03198782A (ja) * | 1989-12-27 | 1991-08-29 | Bitamin Kenkyusho:Kk | 遺伝子導入用キャリアー、該キャリアーと遺伝子との複合体及び細胞への遺伝子導入法 |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
Title |
---|
A. DOMARD ET AL.: "Glucosamine oligomers: 1. Preparation and characterization", INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES, vol. 11, no. 5, 1989, GB, pages 297 - 302, XP002034421 * |
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 115, no. 21, 25 November 1991, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 225479, "Molecular weight-low chitosan as gene carrier in molecular cloning" XP002034422 * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 010, no. 172 (C - 354) 18 June 1986 (1986-06-18) * |
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 012, no. 186 (C - 500) 31 May 1988 (1988-05-31) * |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US7767456B2 (en) | 2002-05-03 | 2010-08-03 | Fmc Biopolymer As | Non-viral gene delivery system |
US10383971B2 (en) | 2007-02-19 | 2019-08-20 | Marine Polymer Technologies, Inc. | Hemostatic compositions and therapeutic regimens |
WO2012001075A2 (fr) | 2010-07-02 | 2012-01-05 | Transgene | Lignees cellulaire aviaires immortalisées |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU725723B2 (en) | 2000-10-19 |
EP0934342A1 (fr) | 1999-08-11 |
FR2754824B1 (fr) | 1999-03-05 |
AU4950597A (en) | 1998-05-15 |
EP0934342B1 (fr) | 2002-01-02 |
DE69709891D1 (de) | 2002-02-28 |
ES2170377T3 (es) | 2002-08-01 |
CA2268804A1 (fr) | 1998-04-30 |
ATE211489T1 (de) | 2002-01-15 |
JP2001502736A (ja) | 2001-02-27 |
DK0934342T3 (da) | 2002-04-22 |
DE69709891T2 (de) | 2002-08-29 |
FR2754824A1 (fr) | 1998-04-24 |
PT934342E (pt) | 2002-06-28 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CA2194797C (fr) | Composition contenant des acides nucleiques, preparation et utilisations | |
EP0809705B1 (fr) | Compositions contenant des acides nucleiques, preparation et utilisation | |
EP0738328B1 (fr) | Composition contenant des acides nucleiques, preparation et utilisations | |
EP0743984A1 (fr) | Composition contenant des acides nucleiques, preparation et utilisations | |
FR2760193A1 (fr) | Lipides et complexes de lipides cationiques et de substances actives, notamment pour la transfection de cellules | |
JPH09500136A (ja) | 樹枝状体ポリ陽イオンを含む自己集合性ポリヌクレオチド配送系 | |
FR2759382A1 (fr) | Nouveaux composes et compositions les contenant utilisables pour le transfert d'au moins une substance therapeutiquement active, notamment un polynucleotide, dans une cellule cible et utilisation en therapie genique | |
Welser et al. | Gene delivery using ternary lipopolyplexes incorporating branched cationic peptides: the role of peptide sequence and branching | |
EP0998501B1 (fr) | Polymeres cationiques, complexes associant lesdits polymeres cationiques et des substances therapeutiquement actives comprenant au moins une charge negative, notamment des acides nucleiques, et leur utilisation en therapie genique | |
EP0934342B1 (fr) | Composition contenant du chitosan | |
JP2024512505A (ja) | 免疫細胞への核酸の効率的な細胞内送達のための樹状ペプチド結合ポリマー | |
EP1063254A1 (fr) | Copolymères pour le transport d'acide nucléique dans la cellule | |
JP5510808B2 (ja) | 有機ナノチューブからなる核酸導入剤 | |
FR2754823A1 (fr) | Nouveaux derives du chitosan, compositions comportant du chitosan ou ses derives et application de ces compositions sur le transfert d'acide nucleique dans une cellule hote | |
EP1175498A2 (fr) | Conjugue acide nucleique-anticorps pour delivrer un acide nucleique etranger dans les cellules | |
KR100533247B1 (ko) | 이미다졸 링을 갖는 키토산 유도체를 이용한 유전자 전달체 | |
WO2002096928A2 (fr) | Vecteur peptidique pour le transfert de molecules d'interêt dans des cellules eucaryotes | |
KR100346577B1 (ko) | 간세포 특이적인 담체 및 이의 dna와의 복합체 | |
KR20240175016A (ko) | 멜리틴이 결합된 지질나노입자 및 이의 제조방법 | |
Yang et al. | 563. CFTR Expression in Primary Epithelial Delta F508 Cell Culture Following Gene Transfer with Cationic Phosphonolipids | |
FR2766194A1 (fr) | Polymeres cationiques, complexes associant lesdits polymeres cationiques et des substances therapeutiquement actives comprenant au moins une charge negative, notamment des acides nucleiques, et leur utilisation en therapie genique | |
FR2963350A1 (fr) | Nouveaux copolymeres a bloc et leurs utilisations pour delivrer une substance active dans une cellule. | |
Chaum et al. | LIPID MEDIATED GENE TRANSFER LIPID MEDIATED GENE TRANSFER | |
FR2759367A1 (fr) | Glycerolipides cationiques et complexes de glycerolipides cationiques et de substances actives, notamment pour la transfection de cellules |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AU CA JP SG US |
|
AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FI FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE |
|
DFPE | Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101) | ||
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application | ||
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2268804 Country of ref document: CA Ref country code: CA Ref document number: 2268804 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: JP Ref document number: 1998 519049 Kind code of ref document: A Format of ref document f/p: F |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 09297025 Country of ref document: US |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 1997912239 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWP | Wipo information: published in national office |
Ref document number: 1997912239 Country of ref document: EP |
|
WWG | Wipo information: grant in national office |
Ref document number: 1997912239 Country of ref document: EP |