WO2013013660A1

WO2013013660A1 - Multi-part mouthpiece for a wind instrument for differentiated embouchure pressure measurement

Info

Publication number: WO2013013660A1
Application number: PCT/DE2012/000758
Authority: WO
Inventors: Michael Koch
Original assignee: Michael Koch
Priority date: 2011-07-28
Filing date: 2012-07-25
Publication date: 2013-01-31
Also published as: DE202012010199U1; DE102012008053A1; DE102012008053A8

Abstract

Multi-part mouthpiece (1) for differentiated embouchure pressure measurement for a wind instrument (2), which comprises a mouthpiece cup (3a), a mouthpiece edge (4) and a mouthpiece shaft (3b), wherein the mouthpiece cup (3a), the mouthpiece edge (4) and the mouthpiece shaft (3b) are in the form of parts which can be releasably connected to one another, and wherein either the mouthpiece cup (3a) and the mouthpiece edge (4) or the mouthpiece cup (3a) and the mouthpiece shaft (3b) or both the mouthpiece cup (3a) and the mouthpiece edge (4) and the mouthpiece cup (3a) and the mouthpiece shaft (3b) are connected by means of a flexible connecting element (6) made of an elastic and airtight material, wherein a tilting movement can be carried out with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece (1), between the mouthpiece parts (3a, 3b, 4) which are each movably connected to one another, on account of the elasticity of the connecting element (6) constructed from a flexible and airtight material, under the embouchure pressure of the upper lip or the embouchure pressure of the lower lip.

Description

Multi-part mouthpiece for a wind instrument

for differential approach pressure measurement

The invention relates to a mouthpiece for differentiated approach pressure measurement for a wind instrument, in particular for a brass instrument, wherein the mouthpiece is constructed in several parts and includes a mouthpiece edge, a mouthpiece kettle and a mouthpiece.

The pressure acting on the mouthpiece of a wind instrument from the lips of the fan is called the neck pressure. At high tones, or at higher volume, the neck pressure is increased. However, even experienced players find it not always easy to find the right approach pressure for a particular pitch and volume. The application pressure is effected both from the upper lip and from the lower lip, whereby the weighting of both partial pressures can be variable. For a good approach and a stable pitch, it can be of great importance whether the horn player can produce the neck pressure more intensely over the upper lip or more intensely over the lower lip. If, for example, the upper lip is loaded too heavily in comparison with the lower lip, this may mean that, even in the lower and middle pitches, due to the excessive pressure, only insufficient airflow will result in a poor sound quality and insufficient pitch. For certain pieces of music, it may be necessary for an excessively long time to have an unusually high application pressure when blowing, with the application pressure ideally being controlled by the fan. The same applies to an unusually low application pressure. The controlled use of upper and lower lip is of particular importance.

Conventional mouthpieces are usually built in one piece and have a mouthpiece kettle with mouthpiece shank, wherein the mouthpiece kettle mouth side rigid, ie not movable, is connected to a mouthpiece edge. In two-piece construction, the mouthpiece edge by means of a thread with connected to the mouthpiece kettle, which is also in this case a rigid, ie non-movable connection between mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle. In three-piece construction of a conventional mouthpiece and the mouthpiece shaft is also detachably connected to the mouthpiece kettle, which is also in this case a rigid, ie not movable connection. On the instrument side, the mouthpiece bowl of a conventional mouthpiece has a tubular opening which can be inserted into the wind instrument.

In the known multi-part mouthpieces, the individual components are releasably connected to each other by threads. The threaded connection results in a rigid connection of the components of the mouthpiece. This type of connection results in a mouthpiece whose components can be made of different materials, but which is unchanged in its function compared to a one-piece mouthpiece made of a uniform material.

Furthermore, from the prior art multi-part mouthpieces whose parts are movably connected, known. The direction of movement of the movably interconnected parts is limited to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece.

Document DE 92944 A discloses a multi-part mouthpiece with a sleeve part which forms the mouthpiece edge and surrounds the mouthpiece shaft like a sleeve. The movement of the sleeve part takes place in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece under the counter-pressure of a spring.

Document GB 2 388 240 A discloses a mouthpiece whose mouthpiece edge is not planar but has a concave shape. In addition, in the Document GB 2 388 240 A a disclosed on an existing mouthpiece subsequently aufklemmbarer mouthpiece edge also concave shape.

Document GB 441561 A discloses a multi-part mouthpiece in which the part comprising the mouthpiece edge is pushed sleeve-like onto the mouthpiece kettle, wherein the sleeve part is movable against the pressure of a compression spring in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece.

Document US 1, 003, 578 A discloses a mouthpiece intended to facilitate the generation of low and high notes for the player. The mouthpiece has in the region lying between the mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle a movable against the force of a compression spring in the longitudinal direction of the mouthpiece ring. Document DE 1 019 147 A discloses a mouthpiece with a compression spring ring and a pressable insert, in which the volume of the mouthpiece kettle is variable with increasing pressure. At this time, the displacement of the press-capable part at normal pressure on the vessel, i. in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece, a cross-sectional change of the mouthpiece soul.

Document DE 7210711 U discloses a multi-part mouthpiece with unscrewable mouthpiece edge and with exchangeable boiler and bud part, wherein the mouthpiece tube in the mouthpiece head in the direction of the mouthpiece axis can be screwed. It is provided that the mouthpiece tube in the mouthpiece head against the pressure of a spring axially, i. in the direction of the longitudinal direction of the mouthpiece, is displaceable.

Document US 2009/0038463 A1 discloses a one-piece mouthpiece, on whose mouthpiece edge a detector is arranged. The detector is connected to a vibration generating device. This generates vibrations depending on the vibration of the player's lips, which act on the air flow inside the instrument. A differentiated approach pressure measurement, ie the distinction between the lower lip and the of the Upper lip outgoing approach pressure, is not possible with the disclosed in US 2009/0038463 A1 wind instrument.

Document US 3,339,444 discloses a mouthpiece for correcting the lip configuration. The mouthpiece is one or more parts, the parts are rigidly connected in each case. The edge portion itself described as an "artificial lip" may be made of a deformable material such as rubber The mobility of the components associated with the mouthpiece perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece, i.e. in the form of a tilting movement, is not provided.

Document US 1 469 583 discloses a wind instrument with a measuring device for measuring the total application pressure. The measuring device, in which a one-piece mouthpiece is inserted, is movable against the pressure of a compression spring in the longitudinal direction of the wind instrument. The movement of the mouthpiece against the pressure of the compression spring is indicated to the player by a display lying in the field of view.

From the prior art further control devices and display devices for brass instruments are known, which are used in conjunction with conventional mouthpieces.

From document DE 9101854.9 a mouthpiece control device is known which consists of a telescopically collapsible against spring pressure housing and can be plugged onto a brass instrument. The mouthpiece used in conjunction with the control device corresponds in construction to a conventional one-piece mouthpiece with a mouthpiece kettle, which is connected on the mouth side rigidly with a circular mouthpiece edge. The total pressure on the mouthpiece of both lips, ie the lower lip and upper lip, is displayed by means of a mechanical indicator. Due to the integral nature of the mouthpiece used in connection with the control device, it is only possible to control the total application pressure, ie the sum of the partial pressures emanating from the upper lip and lower lip. Document DE 10 2007 006 330 A1 discloses a magnetic attachment which is used in conjunction with a conventional mouthpiece for brass instruments. The attachment consists of a sleeve, a piston with magnets and a screw plug. The sleeve is inserted into the wind instrument, the piston can accommodate a separate mouthpiece of any kind. If a nominal pressure set point is exceeded, the magnets will jerk and the air column in the instrument will break off as a result. The interruption distorts the sound, forcing the fan to re-apply with a more appropriate neck pressure.

The mouthpiece used in conjunction with the magnetic attachment corresponds in construction to a conventional one-piece mouthpiece with a mouthpiece bowl which is rigid on the mouth side, i. not movable, connected to a circular mouthpiece edge.

Due to the integral nature of the mouthpiece used in conjunction with the attachment, the attachment serves merely to control the total neck pressure, i. the sum of the top pressures from the upper lip and the lower lip.

In addition, due to the jerky crash of the air column in the instrument, if the pressure exerted by the lips of the fan on the mouthpiece exceeds the set limit, the attachment disadvantageously does not allow continuous control of the batch pressure.

Against this background, the object of the invention is to provide a mouthpiece which allows the player to feel and / or indicates to the player during the game whether the neck pressure originating from the upper lip is appropriate in relation to the neck pressure originating from the lower lip.

In particular, the object of the invention is to provide a mouthpiece which opposes the neck pressure emanating from the upper lip distinguishes the neck pressure from the lower lip and optionally allows the measurement and display of neck pressure separately for upper lip and lower lip (differentiated neck pressure measurement) while playing a brass instrument.

The change in partial batch pressures, i. the two of the upper lip and from the lower lip starting pressures should be displayed continuously, without causing a break in the air column at a certain approach pressure is exceeded, so that the mouthpiece not only as a learning aid for learners, but also as a tool for optimizing the game can be used by experienced players.

The object is achieved by a mouthpiece for a wind instrument according to claim 1, wherein the mouthpiece in its most general form has a two-part construction or a three-part structure.

In two part construction, either

- Mouthpiece and mouthpiece kettle movably connected, i. Mouthpiece and mouthpiece rim are rigidly connected in this first alternative (Alternative 1), or

- Mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle movably connected, i. Mouthpiece kettle and mouthpiece stem are rigidly connected together in this second alternative (alternative 2). With three-piece construction, both

- Mouthpiece and mouthpiece kettle and mouthpiece kettle and mouthpiece stem movably connected, i. the three components of the mouthpiece are movably connected in two places in this third alternative (Alternative 3).

A compound is "movable" in the context of the invention, when the two movably interconnected parts of the mouthpiece after making the connection with respect to the longitudinal axis of the composite mouthpiece initially form a uniform longitudinal axis, wherein the movable connected mouthpiece parts due to the elasticity of the constructed of a flexible and airtight material fastener, under the contact pressure (neck pressure) of the upper lip, or the contact pressure (neck pressure) of the lower lip, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece can perform a tilting movement. If such a tilting movement occurs during the game, the player learns that he has played in this moment with a too much from the upper lip outgoing, or with an excessively outgoing from the lower lip approach pressure.

A connection is "rigid" in the sense of the invention if the two rigidly interconnected parts of the mouthpiece can no longer be tilted after the connection has been made with respect to the longitudinal axis of the assembled mouthpiece A rigid connection between two mouthpiece parts can nevertheless be releasable A releasable rigid connection between two mouthpiece parts is made, for example, by means of a threaded connection, wherein one of the mouthpiece parts has an external thread and the other mouthpiece part has a correspondingly sized internal thread The core idea of the invention is to provide a multi-part mouthpiece, wherein at least two of the components of the mouthpiece are not rigid but are movably connected to each other, so that a player playing with unbalanced pressure approach can feel due to the tilting movement, the necessary correction of the neck pressure independently In addition to the independent Kor To rig the neck pressure, the multi-part mouthpiece comprising at least two movably connected components, one or more pressure sensors have, which detect deviations of the neck pressure and are connected to the optical readability of the deviations with an electronic display. Several pressure sensors allow, on the one hand, the display of an unbalanced batch pressure and, on the other hand, the increase or decrease in the total batch pressure, which is composed of the sum of the starting pressures emanating from the upper lip and from the lower lip. In a preferred embodiment of the mouthpiece, the mouthpiece kettle and mouthpiece stem are movably interconnected by a flexible connecting member made of an elastic and airtight material, while the mouthpiece rim and mouthpiece bowls are rigidly connected to each other, or are integral. This preferred embodiment with two-part construction corresponds to alternative 1. In this embodiment (alternative 1), the correction effect is stronger for the player than for alternative 2 because the section consisting of the mouthpiece rim and mouthpiece kettle forms a longer lever arm than in alternative 2.

It is within the scope of the invention that two mouthpieces initially movably connected together by the subsequent attachment of a rigid sleeve, which surrounds the connecting element of the flexible material on the outside, temporarily or permanently connected rigidly together. The advantage of a rigid sleeve mounted only temporarily in the region of the flexible connecting element is that the player does not have to remove the connecting element that produces the movable connection, and can at least temporarily convert this mouthpiece into a rigid mouthpiece. The attachment of the rigid sleeve for fixing the first movably connected mouthpiece components causes such a mouthpiece in its playing properties is substantially comparable to a one-piece mouthpiece.

The rigid sleeve of generally cylindrical shape consisting of a non-flexible material may consist, for example, of two half-sectioned semicircular sleeves, the two halves being e.g. can be connected to one another by a mechanical latching mechanism or in another way and are thus fixed on the outside, or the lateral surface, of the flexible connecting element.

Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of at least one pressure sensor in conjunction with a mouthpiece, which is connectable to each brass instrument, so that a differentiated approach pressure measurement is possible, the player the result of Pressure gauge measurement is displayed during the game and / or stored on a storage medium for later analysis of the course of the neck pressure in connection with the analysis of the sheet material. In a particularly preferred, having a pressure sensor

Embodiment of the mouthpiece, are mouthpiece kettle and

Mouthpiece stem, for separate detection of the

- the upper lip or

- the lower lip

In addition, the mouthpiece additionally comprises at least one pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor, which is integrated in the mouthpiece or its components, or is releasably connected to the mouthpiece or its components, is arranged so that a tilting movements of the mouthpiece kettle or the mouthpiece stem with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece.

In a further preferred embodiment, the mouthpiece is also constructed in two parts, consisting of mouthpiece kettle, which is firmly connected to the mouthpiece edge, and mouthpiece shaft as a second component. This mouthpiece additionally has at least one pressure sensor for separate detection of the neck pressure emanating from the upper lip and / or the lower lip. The pressure sensor is, or the pressure sensors are permanently integrated into the mouthpiece or its components or are detachably connected to the mouthpiece or its components. The case that the pressure of the upper lip and lower lip is detected is when a beginner plays too high pressure.

The mouthpiece intended for a wind instrument basically consists of a mouthpiece kettle, mouthpiece stem and mouthpiece rim.

For the purposes of the invention, the wind instrument is preferably a brass instrument, woodwind instruments not being excluded from the scope of the invention. With regard to the location of the arrangement of the pressure sensor, or the pressure sensors, the mouthpiece or its components a variety of possibilities and variants is conceivable. In the case of multi-part mouthpieces, the sensors can be arranged either between the mouthpiece rim and mouthpiece bowl or between the mouthpiece bowl and mouthpiece shank.

Also in view of the nature of the arrangement of the pressure sensors a variety of possibilities and variants is conceivable.

On the one hand, a permanent integration of the pressure sensor, or the pressure sensors, provided in the mouthpiece or its components. In this case, a permanent, i. firm connection between the pressure sensor and the mouthpiece or its components preferred. Here, the pressure sensor, or the pressure sensors, in the mouthpiece or its components, i. either in the mouthpiece rim or in the mouthpiece kettle, or both partly in the mouthpiece rim and partly in the mouthpiece kettle, firmly integrated. (The same applies to the mouthpiece stem if the sensors are located between the mouthpiece bowl and mouthpiece stem).

On the other hand, a detachable connection between the pressure sensor, or the pressure sensors, is provided. In this case, the pressure sensor, or the pressure sensors, on the mouthpiece (1) or on its components, i. either on the mouthpiece rim or on the mouthpiece kettle, or both partially on the mouthpiece edge and partly on the mouthpiece kettle, detachably arranged.

One possible form of permanent connection between pressure sensors and mouthpiece is that recesses are incorporated in the region of the mouthpiece edge which comes into contact with the lips, the depressions being variable in shape and depth. In general, the depressions in shape and depth are each sized so that they can accommodate a pressure sensor and the top of the arranged in the recess Pressure sensor and coming into contact with the lips area of the mouthpiece edge lie in a plane. The pressure sensors are, for example, by gluing, firmly connected to the surfaces which form the inner surface of the recess. On the top side, after the sensor has been inserted, the recess can be closed by a residual-flexible adhesive or non-flexible adhesive. In the case of concluding top-side closure by a residual-flexible adhesive, it is conceivable that the pressure sensors are initially inserted into the indentations without additional fixing. The recesses may be incorporated by milling, drilling, grinding or other forms of machining in the material of the mouthpiece or its components, in particular in the mouthpiece edge.

In another possible form of permanent connection between pressure sensors and mouthpiece is provided that the mouthpiece has a multi-part, namely two-part, construction. In this case, the mouthpiece edge is separated from the mouthpiece kettle in an initially one-piece mouthpiece. Before the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece kettle are connected again by an elastic connecting element, the pressure sensor (s) is arranged in the area between the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece kettle. (The same applies to the mouthpiece stem if the sensors are located between the mouthpiece bowl and mouthpiece stem).

A possible form of the detachable arrangement may be, for example, that the pressure sensor (s) are directly connected by gluing on the area of the mouthpiece edge in contact with the lips, without the aforesaid area being changed beforehand by any machining operation , In a preferred embodiment, the mouthpiece has a multi-part construction comprising a mouthpiece bowl with mouthpiece stem, a mouthpiece rim and a flexible connecting element made of an elastic and airtight material, wherein the mouthpiece edge is movably connected to the mouthpiece bowl by the connecting element and at least one pressure sensor and / or at least one movement indicator is arranged in each case such that a movement of the mouthpiece edge caused by the application pressure of the upper lip or of the lower lip, relative to the mouthpiece vessel, is detectable, ie differentiated. Mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle thus form together with the flexible connecting element a contiguous and airtight space outside.

The arrangement of pressure sensors between mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle, in comparison to the arrangement of the pressure sensors between mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece shaft, advantageous for reasons of space. Nevertheless, even in a three-piece mouthpiece, or in a two-piece mouthpiece, the mouthpiece kettle and mouthpiece stem are initially present separately to be movably connected in a subsequent step in the sense of the aforementioned embodiment, conceivable that at least one pressure sensor and / or at least one movement indicator is arranged between mouthpiece kettle and mouthpiece stem such that movement of the mouthpiece bowl caused by neck pressure of the upper lip or neck pressure of the lower lip is separated relative to the mouthpiece stem, ie differentiated, demonstrable. In this case, too, the die kettle and mouthpiece stem, together with the flexible connecting element located between the die kettle and the mouthpiece stem, form a coherent and outwardly airtight space. The connecting element, which connects the respective components of the mouthpiece with each other such that the mouthpiece edge is movable relative to the mouthpiece bowl or mouthpiece shank relative to the mouthpiece bowl, is flexible due to the elasticity of its material. In addition to the material properties of the connecting element, its design, i. its length, its diameter and wall thickness, the mobility of the interconnected components firmly.

The term "flexibility" generally refers to the property of pliable (flexible) materials, one in terms of elasticity a material definable material constant is z. B. the modulus of elasticity. The elasticity is the property of a body or material to change its shape under the action of force and to return to the original form when the acting force ceases, as is the case, for example, with a spring.

A pressure sensor in the sense of the invention is an electrical pressure measuring device that can transform the physical variable pressure into an electrical output variable as a measure of pressure and is suitable for measuring a stationary pressure, a pressure difference and / or a pressure fluctuation.

A movement indicator in the sense of the invention can, in contrast to an electronic pressure sensor, be a purely mechanical device, wherein no electrical current is required for the functioning of this device. It is conceivable, e.g. the attachment of a thin rod on the side facing away from the lips of the fan end face of the mouthpiece edge, wherein the rod is guided obliquely upward in the direction of the fan. An increase in pressure from the upper lip causes the tip of the rod to tilt slightly downwards. This tilting movement of the movement indicator or parts thereof can be easily perceived by the eyes of the player without changing the viewing direction.

In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the flexible connecting element, which is arranged between the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece kettle and the two said elements movably interconnected, has the shape of an annular disc.

The outer diameter of this annular disc corresponds approximately to the outer diameter of the mouthpiece edge while its inner diameter corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of the mouthpiece edge. Due to these dimensions, the connecting element, which connects the end face of the mouthpiece vessel with the end face of the likewise circular mouthpiece edge, forms an extension of the mouthpiece bowl, which is circular in cross-section. The length corresponding to the distance between the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece kettle, or height, of the flexible annular connecting element is variable. The wall thickness of the connecting element is variable. The variability of the design of the flexible connector allows the pressure sensors and / or the motion indicators to be completely or at least partially surrounded by the flexible material of the connector. A complete or at least partial inclusion of the pressure sensors in the elastic material is advantageous because it protects the sensors.

For reasons of sound quality and also for reasons of hygiene, the connecting element is in any case designed so that the pressure sensors are shielded from the air flow in the interior of the wind instrument by the elastic material of the connecting element and do not protrude into the interior of the mouthpiece. The shield causes an ideally smooth surface of the mouthpiece in the interior, so that there are no unwanted air vortex generated. In another alternative preferred embodiment, it is contemplated that the flexible connector that movably connects the mouthpiece rim to the mouthpiece bowl is not an annular but a tubular portion extending from the mouthpiece rim to the mouthpiece bowl. Compared to the above-described annular connecting element, the tubular connecting element is characterized by its greater length, or height, ie in a mouthpiece with a tubular connecting element, have for example mouthpiece edge and the front side of the mouthpiece vessel at a greater distance from each other. The tubular portion may consist of a prefabricated already cured elastic material which is flexible and after its deformation, for example by bending relative to its longitudinal axis, returns to its original orientation. In this alternative, an already cured elastic material with a circular cross-section can preferably be used. As the material for the elastic tubular connecting element are all the skilled person for such, or a similar purpose, suitable elastic plastics in question. Particularly suitable as the material for the tubular connecting element are thermoplastic materials. This material would also lend itself to the manufacture of a mouthpiece made entirely of plastic, that is to say in which not only the tubular connecting element but also the mouthpiece kettle, including the mouthpiece stem, and the mouthpiece rim are made of plastic. However, the latter components of a one-piece mouthpiece, ie, the mouthpiece rim and / or the mouthpiece kettle, including mouthpiece shank, could also be made from a less elastic plastic, such as a duroplastic. A one-piece, at least partially elastic, mouthpiece could already be produced in one piece, for example by using a corresponding manufacturing mold. Alternatively, a one-piece mouthpiece could be retrofitted from a prefabricated mouthpiece kettle made of a thermoplastic or thermoset, so rather rigid plastic and a prefabricated tubular connecting element preferably made of an elastic plastic and a prefabricated mouthpiece edge, in turn of a thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic exists to be manufactured. The distance between the mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle may also be greater in the aforementioned alternative, ie mouthpiece with elastic tubular connecting element. In any case, the distance between the opposite end faces of the mouthpiece rim and the mouthpiece vessel is at least such that the pressure sensors and / or movement indicators can be arranged in the region lying between the opposite end faces of the mouthpiece rim and the mouthpiece. It is also conceivable that the connecting element, the mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle connects, is dimensioned in its length significantly larger than is necessary for the arrangement of the pressure sensors and / or the movement indicators. By varying the length of the connecting element, the flexibility of the connecting element can be influenced. At the same time can be created by the variation of the length of the connecting element more space for the attachment of pressure sensors and / or movement indicators. In particular, the attachment of motion indicators may require a larger space. This is especially true when the movement indicators are of a mechanical nature and the movement made by the mouthpiece edge under the action of neck pressure is indicated directly or mechanically, ie without the use of electronic elements.

In a particularly preferred embodiment it is provided that in addition to the flexible connecting element made of an elastic material, additional mechanical connecting elements are arranged between the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece kettle.

The additional mechanical fasteners provide additional stabilization of the connection between the mouthpiece rim and mouthpiece bowl and are preferably located in the region between the opposite end faces of the mouthpiece rim and the mouthpiece bowl. As a stabilization of the compound is not only a directed at train and pressure stabilization of the connection between mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle, but already improved leadership of the tilting movement, the mouthpiece edge under the contact pressure (neck pressure) of the upper lip, or the lower lip, relative to the mouthpiece kettle.

The additional mechanical fasteners may be used either in combination with a rather elongate tubular fastener made of an already hardened material or in Combination with a rather less elongate connecting element, which is made of a first not yet cured material.

The mechanical connecting elements, which are arranged in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece edge or in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece kettle, in addition to the elastic connecting element, can be designed in the most various ways known to the person skilled in the art.

Conceivable is the execution of the mechanical fasteners as hinge elements, each with two-part construction. In this case, one part of the hinge is located at the mouthpiece edge while the other part of the hinge is attached to the mouthpiece kettle.

If the elastic connecting element, the mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle connects as an annular portion consists of a first not yet cured material, it is envisaged that the additional mechanical connecting elements, as shown in Figure 2, are designed as two tilting bearings. The tilting bearings are formed in this particular case essentially by two hump-like elevations, or elevations, which are arranged either on the front side of the mouthpiece edge or on the front side of the mouthpiece kettle, and improved guidance of the tilting movement, the mouthpiece edge under the contact pressure (neck pressure ) of the upper lip or lower lip relative to the mouthpiece kettle.

It is conceivable that the ends of the elevations on the respectively opposite end face, ie the end face of the cauldron, if the elevations are arranged on the mouthpiece edge, protrude into correspondingly shaped depressions for improved guidance. The depressions correspond in shape to the end portions of the elevations and have in the respective tilting direction additional space, which allows the tilting movement of the mouthpiece edge relative to the mouthpiece kettle. Of course, there is also a mirror-image arrangement of the elevations and depressions, ie the arrangement of the elevations on the front edge of the mouthpiece kettle and the arrangement of the recesses on the front edge of the mouthpiece edge, in the context of the invention.

The elevations serve as tilting bearings and at the same time stabilize the connection between the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece kettle, if the connecting element consists of a particularly elastic or soft material. At the same time, the ridges mounted on the mouthpiece rim or on the mouthpiece kettle serve as spacers which can prevent the unwanted simultaneous activation of the top and bottom pressure sensors if the player as a whole plays with a far too large neck pressure.

The serves as tilt bearings increases, which are arranged between mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece boiler, may consist of different materials. It is conceivable that the elevations, not made of metal or a hard plastic, but also made of an elastic material, the elasticity of this material is significantly lower than the elasticity of the material which forms the connecting element otherwise.

Variable is also the shape of the serves as tilt bearings increases. Very particular preference is tilting bearings, which have a ball head on top. It is envisaged that in each case two ball-head tilt bearings are arranged on the end face of the mouthpiece edge or on the end face of the mouthpiece kettle directed towards the mouthpiece edge. In the event that the ball-and-tilt bearings are arranged on the mouthpiece edge facing the mouthpiece edge, it is provided that the end face of the mouthpiece edge recesses, which are shaped so that these recesses can receive the ball heads, so that the ball heads and the complementary to these shaped recesses each form a plug connection. Thus, the ball-end tilting bearings in this preferred embodiment perform two functions. On the one hand they serve as joints, which allow the tilting movement of the mouthpiece edge relative to the mouthpiece kettle at a centrally constant spacing of mouthpiece rim and mouthpiece kettle, and on the other hand, they form pluggable Connecting elements, a detachable connection that is similar to a push button.

The location of attachment of the additional mechanical fasteners on the mouthpiece rim, or on the mouthpiece bowl, as well as their number and type is essentially dependent on the tilting movement that is to make the mouthpiece rim relative to the mouthpiece rim.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that in each case two mechanical connecting elements which connect the mouthpiece edge with the mouthpiece kettle, are arranged in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece edge or the front side of the mouthpiece kettle so that the two mechanical on the round of the mouthpiece edge, or. the on the round of the mouthpiece kettle, arranged connecting elements at mutually maximum lateral spacing face each other and at the same time lie on a line extending in the horizontal direction. In this case, the frontal area of the mouthpiece edge would be divided by the horizontal line into two equal halves. It comes above the horizontal line substantially the upper lip to the approach and below the horizontal line is essentially the lower lip to the neck, so that the mouthpiece edge under the changing approach pressure of the upper and lower lip can perform a tilting movement, the mechanical fasteners the central Determine the distance between the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece bowl and the tilting axis for the tilting movement mentioned. The pressure sensors are arranged above or below said tilt axis, ie the pressure sensors are arranged in the upper region of the mouthpiece edge and / or in the lower region of the circular mouthpiece edge, preferably in the upper end region of the mouthpiece edge and / or in the lower end region of the circular mouthpiece edge. In an alternative, particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that in each case two mechanical connecting elements which connect the mouthpiece edge to the mouthpiece kettle are arranged in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece edge or the front side of the mouthpiece kettle so that the two mechanical elements on the round of the mouthpiece rim, or ., which are arranged on the edge of the mouthpiece kettle, arranged on a horizontal line in the horizontal direction, but are not arranged with maximum lateral distance from each other. In this case, the horizontal line divides the frontal area of the mouthpiece edge not into two equal halves, but in a larger and smaller area. If the connecting elements are arranged below the middle, this arrangement takes into account the fact that the starting pressure from the lower lip tends to be greater. With the arrangement of the connecting elements below the center, the lever effect emanating from the movable lower mouth piece edge becomes smaller. In contrast, the lever in the upper region of the mouthpiece edge, ie in the region in which the neck pressure of the upper lip acts, longer. Thus, in this alternative very particularly preferred embodiment, a balance between the two different application pressures (lower lip vs. upper lip) can be produced by the non-central positioning of the tilting elements.

In a further particularly preferred embodiment, it is provided that the surveys serving as tilting bearings identify the top of the shape of a ball head. The ball head, which is arranged either in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece rim or in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece kettle, is inserted in a recess corresponding to the shape of the ball head, which has been previously produced in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece bowl or in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece rim , In this way, the ball head and depression each cause a connection between the mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle. Most preferred are pressure sensors whose measuring range is in the pressure range of 10 g to 10 kg. This pressure range is well beyond the pressure range that can be generated by an adult with both lips. The load which can be generated by the upper and lower lips of an adult can, when measuring this load, lie on a flat surface in the range from 1 g to 2.6 kg, in particular in the range from 200 g to 2.0 kg.

So-called FSR sensors with a measuring range of 10 g to 10 kg have proved suitable. The abbreviation FSR results from the initial letters of the compound term "force sensitive resistor." Particularly suitable is a pressure sensor with the type designation FSR-400, available from Conrad Electronic, Hirschau, Germany, as well as those from Tekscan, Boston, MA. USA offered FSR sensors.

For the inventive use of said sensor is provided that the pressure-sensitive portion of the sensor leading away ports can be shortened so far that they do not protrude beyond the outside of the mouthpiece after installation of the sensor, or are visible.

It is also possible to use piezoresistive pressure sensors whose measuring range is also in the pressure range from 1 g to 2.6 kg, in particular in the pressure range from 200 g to 2.0 kg.

In a preferred mouthpiece two sensors are provided for pressure decrease, in the simplest case, even only one sensor is sufficient to solve the problem. When two sensors are used, one sensor is arranged in the area of the upper half of the mouthpiece and the second sensor is arranged in the region of the lower half of the mouthpiece. Ideally, the two sensors arranged between the opposite end faces of the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece kettle come to lie at those points where the upper lip or the lower lip exerts the greatest application pressure. At normal The position of the wind instrument means that the pressure sensors are at maximum spacing from each other, on a vertical line dividing the circular mouthpiece edge into left and right halves.

Of course, it is conceivable that a total of more than two pressure sensors are arranged between the opposite end faces of mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle. For example, in the region of the upper mouthpiece half and in the region of the lower mouthpiece half, two pressure sensors, i. a total of four pressure sensors, be arranged. Due to the four pressure sensors further differentiation of the batch pressure measurement is possible. Thus, it is not only possible to differentiate between the starting pressure emanating from the upper lip or from the lower lip, but it can also be determined whether the starting pressure originating from the upper or lower lip is aligned in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the wind instrument. Deviation of the desired orientation may occur, for example, when the player's arms and hands are cramping and this obliquely holds the instrument in the sequence. When using a plurality of pressure sensors there is thus the advantage that the player, in addition to the differentiated display of the approach pressure, during the game additional information concerning the attitude of the instrument are displayed.

For the differentiated indication of the starting from the upper lip neck pressure, or from the bottom lip outgoing approach pressure (differentiated approach pressure gauge) come all of the possibilities known to those skilled in question. The approach pressure display can be done with electronic means, for example by means of several bulbs, the individual bulbs have different colors. The colors of the bulbs are coded, ie the color red signals the player, for example, a too high pressure approach, while the color green indicates a reasonable approach pressure. Particularly suitable bulbs for the mouthpiece according to the invention are light-emitting diodes (LEDs), because they can be operated with a comparatively low voltage and are available in a wide color spectrum. The approach pressure display can alternatively be done using a small monitor. Also, a computer equipped with programs for analyzing and modulating the sound quality of music can be used as an electronic means for the approach pressure display.

The electronic means for differentiated approach pressure display can be located directly on the wind instrument in the field of view of the player. This arrangement is preferred if the neck pressure gauge is to be used during a public music lecture.

Alternative it is conceivable that the electronic approach pressure indicator are used in the presence of a corresponding cable connection (circuit) between the mouthpiece and approach pressure gauge separated from the wind instrument. The separate arrangement may be useful in regular practice or recording the sound of the music lecture.

The respective electrical requirements for the connection of the pressure sensors to the respective electronic approach pressure indicator are known in the art.

The differentiated display of the starting from the upper lip neck pressure, or from the bottom lip outgoing approach pressure (differentiated approach pressure gauge) also allows the comparison of the two approach pressures. The separate analysis of the two batch pressures can be done by means of appropriate electronic means, such as the use of a potentiometer.

As elastic material for the flexible connecting element are in principle all elastic and at the same time airtight materials.

Particularly preferred are elastic plastics, or plastic mixtures, rubber or rubber compound, silicone or silicone mixtures and airtight foams. For reasons of health, food-safe and harmless materials are used.

As a particularly suitable elastic material, the known under the trade name Loctite sealant and adhesive has been found.

By varying the length of the annular connecting element, or of the tubular connecting element of a flexible material, the flexibility of the connecting element can be additionally influenced. This also applies to the variation of the wall thickness of the connecting element.

If a tubular section is used as the connecting element, a section of a tube of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is particularly suitable as a flexible material. Also suitable are fasteners made of silicone, polyamide (PA) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and comparable plastics.

In addition to the elasticity of the material itself determines its wall thickness in each case to what extent too high pressure application leads to a tilting movement. The wall thickness of the material is variable. Preferably, the wall thickness of the circular cross-section connecting elements in the range of 1 mm to 8 mm. Particularly preferably, the wall thickness of the circular cross-section connecting elements in the range of 2 mm to 4 mm.

In a three-piece mouthpiece (Alternative 3), whose components are connected by two connecting elements made of flexible material, it is provided that the same or different materials used as connecting elements, or combined, are.

The mouthpiece according to the invention is suitable for independently measuring the starting pressure originating from the upper lip, ie separately, from the starting pressure emanating from the lower lip. The use of a mouthpiece according to the invention in conjunction with a wind instrument for separate, ie differentiated, approach pressure measurement when playing a wind instrument, especially when playing a brass instrument, is therefore also within the scope of the invention. Of course, the mouthpiece according to the invention is equally suitable for initial equipment or for retrofitting a wind instrument. The compatibility of the mouthpiece according to the invention with various wind instruments is ensured because the instrument-side portion of the mouthpiece, which makes the connection with the mouthpiece, is the same as in a conventional mouthpiece. Accordingly, the essence of the invention also includes a wind instrument, in particular a brass instrument, which, characterized in that the wind instrument is connected to one of the mouthpieces according to the invention.

EXAMPLES

The following examples, shown in FIGS. 1 to 6, are intended to explain the invention without limiting the general principle underlying the invention.

Fig. 1 shows the mouthpiece 1, which is attached to a wind instrument 2 from the side. In the area between the mouthpiece kettle 3 and the mouthpiece edge 4, the two pressure sensors 5a and 5b are arranged. The sensors are arranged in the region of the upper and the lower half of the mouthpiece edge so that the upper pressure sensor 5a indicates the starting pressure of the upper lip outgoing force, or from the upper lip pressure, and the lower pressure sensor 5b from the approach pressure of the lower lip outgoing force, or the outgoing from the lower lip pressure indicates.

If the neck pressure originating from the upper lip is stronger than the neck pressure originating from the lower lip, the elastic material of which the illustrated connecting element 6a is made, and in which the sensors 5a, 5b are at least partially embedded in the example shown in FIG , a tilting movement of the mouthpiece edge 4 in the upper region in the direction of the mouthpiece kettle 3. This tilting movement detects the upper sensor 5a and displays the measured pressure on the display 10 at. On the other hand, a tilting movement in the lower half by the pressure sensor 5b is detected when the neck pressure originating from the lower lip is stronger than the neck pressure originating from the upper lip.

Fig. 2 shows a mouthpiece which is a variation of the mouthpiece shown in Fig. 1. The mouthpiece 1 shown in Fig. 2, in the lying between the mouthpiece edge 4 and the mouthpiece kettle 3 area in addition to two serving as a tilting bearing rocker-like elevations / elevations 7a and 7b, which are arranged in the region of the front side left and right. Due to the lateral representation, only elevation 7a can be seen in FIG. The Elevations serve, in addition to the flexible connecting element 6, as mechanical fasteners and have a hinge-like effect when the mouthpiece edge 4 is inclined under the approach pressure of the upper, or the lower lip, in the direction of the mouthpiece kettle 3. The elevations / elevations 7a and 7b may be made of different materials. It is conceivable that the elevations / elevations 7a and 7b also consist of an elastic material, wherein the elasticity of this material is significantly lower than the elasticity of the material which forms the connecting element 6 incidentally. In addition, the elevations on the top side may be shaped differently, preferably wedge-shaped and most preferably spherical (not shown in FIG. 2).

Advantageously, the tilting bearings serve 7a and 7b and a lighter adjustment of the mouthpiece edge 4, while the elastic connection between the mouthpiece edge 4 and the mouthpiece kettle 3 is made, for. B. until the elastic material from which the connecting element 6 is cured. At the same time, the tilting bearings 7a, 7b mounted on the mouthpiece rim 4 or on the mouthpiece bowl 3 can serve as spacer elements, which can be used for the undesired activation of both pressure sensors 5, d. H. the upper pressure sensor 5a and the lower pressure sensor 5b, prevent if a game beginner altogether plays with a much too large approach pressure.

Fig. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the mouthpiece 1. In this alternative, the connecting element 6 consists of a rather elongated tubular portion 6b of a material with elastic, ie flexible, properties. Mouthpiece edge 4 and mouthpiece kettle 3 are each connected at a portion of their inside with a corresponding portion of the outside of the tubular connecting element 6b. The length of the tubular connecting element 6b and the wall thickness and also the material of the tubular connecting element 6b determine the flexibility, ie the mobility of the mouthpiece edge 4 relative to the mouthpiece kettle 3. The pressure sensors can z. B. between the spaced end faces of mouthpiece kettle 3 and mouthpiece edge 4 may be arranged. It is conceivable that in the example shown in Fig. 3 for more stable attachment of the pressure sensors each flange-like devices are arranged in the edge region of mouthpiece kettle 3 and mouthpiece edge 4.

The distance between the mouthpiece edge 4 and the mouthpiece kettle 3 is also determined by the space required for the arrangement of the pressure sensors (not shown in Figure 3) or the movement indicator 8, which cooperates with the adjusting needle 9.

The movement indicator 8 tilts down when the neck pressure originating from the upper lip causes a forward tilting movement of the upper mouthpiece edge 4a. The recognizability of the tilting movement is facilitated for the player when the tip of the movement indicator 8 is directed to the tip of the Justiernadel 9.

In the example shown in FIG. 3, the movement indicator 8 and the adjusting needle 9 replace an electronic display 10 which displays the batch pressure detected by the pressure sensors 5. Of course, the combined use of a movement indicator 8 and an electronic display 10 is conceivable.

Fig. 4 shows a cross section through a further alternative embodiment of the mouthpiece 1. In this alternative, the mouthpiece edge 4 by an additional fastening means, for. As a threaded screw or a rivet, connected to the mouthpiece kettle 3. The connecting element 6 of the flexible material has in cross section the profile of a dovetail and is clamped due to said profiling in the space formed between the edge of the mouthpiece kettle 3 and the edge of the mouthpiece edge 4. In the example shown, the pressure sensor 5b, which detects the neck pressure of the lower lip, is arranged in the intermediate space formed between the mouthpiece edge 4 and mouthpiece bowl 3 below the connecting element 6. The upper pressure sensor 5a, which detects the application pressure of the upper lip, is analogous in the upper half of the mouthpiece arranged. The mobility of the mouthpiece edge 4 relative to the mouthpiece kettle 3 is ensured by the design of the opening provided for receiving the fastener opening in the mouthpiece edge 4 as a slot, ie the opening provided for receiving the fastener opening in the mouthpiece edge 4 is not circular, but has a rather oval cross section, wherein the longitudinal axis of the oval is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece.

Fig. 5 shows a two-piece mouthpiece 1 in which mouthpiece bowl 3a and mouthpiece shank 3b, both made of metal, are present as separate parts. The mouthpiece edge 4 is firmly connected in the example shown with the mouthpiece kettle 3a. The two parts mouthpiece kettle 3a and mouthpiece stem 3b are connected by a connecting element 6 made of a flexible airtight material. The connecting element 6 is in the example shown on shaft-like projections, each fixed or threaded, with the mutually facing end portions of mouthpiece kettle 3a and mouthpiece shank 3b are connected. The connecting element 6 consists of a tubular section whose inner diameter corresponds in each case to the outer diameter of the mouthpiece stem and mouthpiece kettle. By virtue of this connection, mouthpiece bowls 3a and mouthpiece shafts 3b are movably connected with each other with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece 1, i. The mouthpiece bowl 3a can perform a tilting movement with respect to the mouthpiece stem 3b, whose longitudinal axis coincides with the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece 1. Such a tilting movement can e.g. be triggered by a too high application pressure of the upper lip.

Fig. 6 shows a two-part mouthpiece 1, which corresponds in construction to the mouthpiece of Fig. 5, wherein the mouthpiece 1 of Fig. 6 additionally comprises a pressure sensor 5. The pressure sensor 5 is connected by a pressure sensor holder 11, which is fastened by means of a collar 12 on the shaft. In this case, the pressure sensor 5 is arranged so that a kinking of the mouthpiece kettle 3a, triggered by a tilting movement of the mouthpiece bowl 3a with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece 1, leads to the activation of the pressure sensor 5. It is also conceivable that the sleeve 12 is a carrier of several pressure sensor holders 11. If, for example, two pressure sensors 5 are provided, the pressure sensors 5 fixed by the sleeve 12 are arranged so that the two tilting movements essential for the educational use of the mouthpiece 1 are detected. The first for the educational use of the mouthpiece 1 essential tilting movement is the upward tilting movement, which is caused by an excessive contact pressure (neck pressure) of the upper lip. The second significant for the educational use of the mouthpiece 1 tilting movement is the downward tilting movement, which is caused by an excessive contact pressure (neck pressure) of the lower lip. In addition, it is conceivable that in the mouthpiece 1 shown in FIG. 6, more than two pressure pads 5 are arranged, wherein two of the pressure sensors 5 are arranged as described in the preceding paragraph, and the additional pressure sensors 5 are arranged so that they are also lateral Detecting tilting movements of the mouthpiece bowl 3a with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece 1.

The pressure sensor holder 11 consists of a rod-shaped member which is fixed with a collar 12 to a portion of the mouthpiece shaft 3b. The rod-shaped element is dimensioned in its length so that it extends beyond the elastic connecting element 6. At one end of the rod-shaped element, the pressure sensor 5a is arranged. At the opposite end, the rod-shaped element is connected to the sleeve. The cuff serves to attach the pressure sensor holder 11 to the mouthpiece shaft 3b. After attachment of the pressure sensor holder 11 on the mouthpiece shaft 3b, the pressure sensor 5, as shown in Fig. 5, to lie at the level of the lateral surface of the mouthpiece bowl 3a, but is spaced in the normal position of this. The distance in the basic position is selected so that only slight and therefore tolerable tilting movements of the mouthpiece bowl 3a with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece 1 are not detected. The spacing of the pressure sensor 5, or the pressure sensors 5, from the lateral surface of the mouthpiece vessel 3a thus determines the tolerance with which the differentiated approach pressure measurement takes place. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 mouthpiece

2 wind instrument

3 mouthpiece kettle with mouthpiece stem

3a mouthpiece kettle

3b mouthpiece stem

4 mouthpiece edge

4a upper mouthpiece edge

4b lower mouthpiece edge

5 pressure sensors

5a Pressure sensor in the area of the upper lip

5b Pressure sensor in the area of the lower lip

6 Connecting element made of flexible material

6a annular disc as a connecting element

6b Tubular section as a connecting element

7 Mechanical connection element

7a Tipping bearing / elevation on the front side of the mouthpiece edge 7b Tipping bearing / elevation on the front side of the mouthpiece edge

8 motion indicator

9 adjusting needle

10 display

1 1 pressure sensor holder

12 cuff

Claims

Patent claims

Multi-part mouthpiece (1) for differentiated embouchure pressure measurement for a wind instrument (2).

- a mouthpiece kettle (3a),

- a mouthpiece edge (4), and

- a mouthpiece shaft (3b)

includes, characterized in that

Mouthpiece bowl (3a), mouthpiece edge (4) and mouthpiece shaft (3b) are present as parts that can be detachably connected to one another, either

- Mouthpiece cup (3a) and mouthpiece rim (4), or

- Mouthpiece cup (3a) and mouthpiece shaft (3b), or both

- Mouthpiece cup (3a) and mouthpiece rim (4) as well

Mouthpiece cup (3a) and mouthpiece shaft (3b)

are movably connected to each other by a flexible connecting element (6) made of an elastic and airtight material, with between the movably connected mouthpiece parts (3a, 3b, 4) due to the elasticity of the connecting element (6) made of a flexible and airtight material under the A tilting movement can be carried out based on the approach pressure of the upper lip or the approach pressure of the lower lip in relation to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece (1).

2. Mouthpiece (1) for a wind instrument (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the mouthpiece shell (3a) and mouthpiece shaft (3b) are made of one by a flexible connecting element (6).

elastic and airtight material are connected, whereby

Mouthpiece bowl (3a) and mouthpiece edge (4) are rigidly connected to one another.

3. Mouthpiece (1) for a wind instrument (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that the mouthpiece shell (3a) and mouthpiece shaft (3b) for separate detection of the

- the upper lip or

- the lower lip

outgoing approach pressure

additionally has at least one pressure sensor (5), the pressure sensor (5)

- which is integrated into the mouthpiece (1) or its components, or is detachably connected to the mouthpiece (1) or its components, is arranged so that

- a tilting movement of the mouthpiece bowl (3a) or one

Tilting movement of the mouthpiece shaft (3b) with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece (1) by the sensor (5) as

Change in approach pressure can be displayed.

4. Mouthpiece (1) for a wind instrument (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the mouthpiece (1) for separate detection of the

- the upper lip or

- the lower lip

outgoing approach pressure

additionally has at least one pressure sensor (5), the pressure sensor (5)

- Is integrated into the mouthpiece (1) or its components, or

- is detachably connected to the mouthpiece (1) or its components. Mouthpiece (1) for a wind instrument (2) according to claim 4, characterized in that the mouthpiece (1) has a multi-part structure, which

- a mouthpiece cup (3a) with a mouthpiece shaft (3b),

- a mouthpiece edge (4) and

- a flexible connecting element (6) made of an elastic and airtight material, wherein

- the mouthpiece edge (4) is movably connected to the mouthpiece bowl (3a) by the connecting element (6), and

- at least one pressure sensor

(5) and/or at least one

Movement indicator (8) is arranged in such a way that one is triggered by the approach pressure

the upper lip or

the lower lip

caused movement of the mouthpiece edge (4), relative to the mouthpiece bowl (3a), can be detected separately.

Mouthpiece (1) for a wind instrument (2) according to one of claims 4 or 5, characterized in that the flexible connecting element (6), consisting of an elastic and airtight material, is arranged between the mouthpiece edge (4) and the mouthpiece cup (3a). is, has the shape of an annular disk (6a), whose

- outer diameter the outer diameter of the

Mouthpiece edge (4) and their

- inner diameter the inner diameter of the

Mouthpiece edge (4) corresponds, where

- the length corresponding to the distance between the mouthpiece edge (4) and the mouthpiece bowl (3a).

connecting element

(6) is variable, and

- The pressure sensors (5) and/or the movement indicators (8) are completely or at least partially surrounded by the flexible material of the connecting element (6a).

7. Mouthpiece (1) for a wind instrument (2) according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the flexible connecting element (6) consisting of an elastic and airtight material, which connects the mouthpiece edge (4) to the mouthpiece cup (3a). connects and at the same time is spaced apart, is a tubular section (6b) which extends from the mouthpiece edge (4) to the mouthpiece bowl (3a), whereby the

- Distance between the opposite end faces of the mouthpiece rim (4) and the mouthpiece cup (3a)

- is at least dimensioned so that pressure sensors (5) and / or movement indicators (8) can be arranged in the area between the facing end faces of the mouthpiece edge (4) and the mouthpiece bowl (3a), or

- is significantly larger.

8. Mouthpiece (1) for a wind instrument (2) according to one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that between the mouthpiece edge (4) and the mouthpiece cup (3a), in addition to the flexible

Connecting element (6), additionally mechanical

Connecting elements (7) are arranged.

9. Mouthpiece (1) for a wind instrument (2) according to claim 8, characterized in that as an additional mechanical

Connecting elements (7), two each in the area of the front side of the mouthpiece edge (4) or in the area of the front side of the mouthpiece bowl (3a).

- hinge elements, or

- elevations (7a, 7b) serving as tilting bearings,

are arranged.

10. Mouthpiece (1) for a wind instrument (2) according to claim 9, characterized in that the additional mechanical

Connecting elements (7a, 7b) which connect the mouthpiece edge (4) to the mouthpiece bowl (3a),

- two elevations (7a, 7b) arranged on the front side of the mouthpiece edge (4) with a maximum lateral distance, which

- lie on a line running in a horizontal direction.

11. Mouthpiece (1) for a wind instrument (2) according to one of claims 9 and 10, characterized in that the elevations (7a, 7b) serving as tilting bearings have the shape of a spherical head on the top, the either

- in the area of the front side of the mouthpiece edge (4), or

- Ball head arranged in the area of the front side of the mouthpiece bowl (3a),

is received by a recess corresponding to the shape and size of the ball head

- in the area of the front side of the mouthpiece bowl (3a), or

- in the area of the front side of the mouth edge (4),

is arranged so that the ball head and recess each create a connection between the mouthpiece edge (4) and the mouthpiece bowl (3a).

12. Mouthpiece (1) for a wind instrument (2) according to one of claims 3 to 11, characterized in that the pressure sensors (5) are two electronic pressure sensors (5a, 5b),

- those in the upper area of the mouthpiece edge (4) and in the lower one

Area of the mouthpiece edge (4) are arranged at maximum mutual spacing from one another, as well

- lie on a line running in a vertical direction.

13. Mouthpiece (1) for a wind instrument (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure sensor or sensors (5)

are electronic pressure sensors (5a, 5b), where

- the pressure sensors (5a, 5b) each on a pressure sensor holder (11) with a rod-shaped element, the length of which corresponds to the length of the flexible connecting element (6) or is longer than the flexible connecting element (6), and

- The pressure sensor holder (11) is detachably attached to the outside of the mouthpiece shaft (3b) or to the mouthpiece bowl (3a).

14. Mouthpiece (1) for a wind instrument (2) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the flexible

Connecting element (6) or the flexible connecting elements (6a, 6b).

- an elastic plastic,

- a rubber,

- a silicone mixture, or

- an airtight foam

consist.