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WO2013013660A1 - Embouchure d'instrument à vent en plusieurs parties pour une mesure différenciée de la pression appliquée - Google Patents

Embouchure d'instrument à vent en plusieurs parties pour une mesure différenciée de la pression appliquée Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2013013660A1
WO2013013660A1 PCT/DE2012/000758 DE2012000758W WO2013013660A1 WO 2013013660 A1 WO2013013660 A1 WO 2013013660A1 DE 2012000758 W DE2012000758 W DE 2012000758W WO 2013013660 A1 WO2013013660 A1 WO 2013013660A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mouthpiece
edge
pressure
connecting element
bowl
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2012/000758
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michael Koch
Original Assignee
Michael Koch
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michael Koch filed Critical Michael Koch
Publication of WO2013013660A1 publication Critical patent/WO2013013660A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10D—STRINGED MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; WIND MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACCORDIONS OR CONCERTINAS; PERCUSSION MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; AEOLIAN HARPS; SINGING-FLAME MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10D9/00—Details of, or accessories for, wind musical instruments
    • G10D9/02—Mouthpieces; Reeds; Ligatures
    • G10D9/03—Cupped mouthpieces

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a mouthpiece for differentiated approach pressure measurement for a wind instrument, in particular for a brass instrument, wherein the mouthpiece is constructed in several parts and includes a mouthpiece edge, a mouthpiece kettle and a mouthpiece.
  • the pressure acting on the mouthpiece of a wind instrument from the lips of the fan is called the neck pressure.
  • the neck pressure is increased.
  • the application pressure is effected both from the upper lip and from the lower lip, whereby the weighting of both partial pressures can be variable. For a good approach and a stable pitch, it can be of great importance whether the horn player can produce the neck pressure more intensely over the upper lip or more intensely over the lower lip.
  • Conventional mouthpieces are usually built in one piece and have a mouthpiece kettle with mouthpiece shank, wherein the mouthpiece kettle mouth side rigid, ie not movable, is connected to a mouthpiece edge.
  • the mouthpiece edge by means of a thread with connected to the mouthpiece kettle, which is also in this case a rigid, ie non-movable connection between mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle.
  • the mouthpiece shaft is also detachably connected to the mouthpiece kettle, which is also in this case a rigid, ie not movable connection.
  • the mouthpiece bowl of a conventional mouthpiece has a tubular opening which can be inserted into the wind instrument.
  • the individual components are releasably connected to each other by threads.
  • the threaded connection results in a rigid connection of the components of the mouthpiece.
  • This type of connection results in a mouthpiece whose components can be made of different materials, but which is unchanged in its function compared to a one-piece mouthpiece made of a uniform material.
  • Document DE 92944 A discloses a multi-part mouthpiece with a sleeve part which forms the mouthpiece edge and surrounds the mouthpiece shaft like a sleeve. The movement of the sleeve part takes place in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece under the counter-pressure of a spring.
  • Document GB 2 388 240 A discloses a mouthpiece whose mouthpiece edge is not planar but has a concave shape.
  • a disclosed on an existing mouthpiece subsequently alsklemmbarer mouthpiece edge also concave shape.
  • Document GB 441561 A discloses a multi-part mouthpiece in which the part comprising the mouthpiece edge is pushed sleeve-like onto the mouthpiece kettle, wherein the sleeve part is movable against the pressure of a compression spring in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece.
  • Document US 1, 003, 578 A discloses a mouthpiece intended to facilitate the generation of low and high notes for the player.
  • the mouthpiece has in the region lying between the mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle a movable against the force of a compression spring in the longitudinal direction of the mouthpiece ring.
  • Document DE 1 019 147 A discloses a mouthpiece with a compression spring ring and a pressable insert, in which the volume of the mouthpiece kettle is variable with increasing pressure. At this time, the displacement of the press-capable part at normal pressure on the vessel, i. in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece, a cross-sectional change of the mouthpiece soul.
  • Document DE 7210711 U discloses a multi-part mouthpiece with unscrewable mouthpiece edge and with exchangeable boiler and bud part, wherein the mouthpiece tube in the mouthpiece head in the direction of the mouthpiece axis can be screwed. It is provided that the mouthpiece tube in the mouthpiece head against the pressure of a spring axially, i. in the direction of the longitudinal direction of the mouthpiece, is displaceable.
  • Document US 3,339,444 discloses a mouthpiece for correcting the lip configuration.
  • the mouthpiece is one or more parts, the parts are rigidly connected in each case.
  • the edge portion itself described as an "artificial lip” may be made of a deformable material such as rubber
  • the mobility of the components associated with the mouthpiece perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece, i.e. in the form of a tilting movement, is not provided.
  • Document US 1 469 583 discloses a wind instrument with a measuring device for measuring the total application pressure.
  • the measuring device in which a one-piece mouthpiece is inserted, is movable against the pressure of a compression spring in the longitudinal direction of the wind instrument. The movement of the mouthpiece against the pressure of the compression spring is indicated to the player by a display lying in the field of view.
  • a mouthpiece control device which consists of a telescopically collapsible against spring pressure housing and can be plugged onto a brass instrument.
  • the mouthpiece used in conjunction with the control device corresponds in construction to a conventional one-piece mouthpiece with a mouthpiece kettle, which is connected on the mouth side rigidly with a circular mouthpiece edge.
  • the total pressure on the mouthpiece of both lips, ie the lower lip and upper lip, is displayed by means of a mechanical indicator. Due to the integral nature of the mouthpiece used in connection with the control device, it is only possible to control the total application pressure, ie the sum of the partial pressures emanating from the upper lip and lower lip.
  • Document DE 10 2007 006 330 A1 discloses a magnetic attachment which is used in conjunction with a conventional mouthpiece for brass instruments.
  • the attachment consists of a sleeve, a piston with magnets and a screw plug.
  • the sleeve is inserted into the wind instrument, the piston can accommodate a separate mouthpiece of any kind. If a nominal pressure set point is exceeded, the magnets will jerk and the air column in the instrument will break off as a result. The interruption distorts the sound, forcing the fan to re-apply with a more appropriate neck pressure.
  • the mouthpiece used in conjunction with the magnetic attachment corresponds in construction to a conventional one-piece mouthpiece with a mouthpiece bowl which is rigid on the mouth side, i. not movable, connected to a circular mouthpiece edge.
  • the attachment serves merely to control the total neck pressure, i. the sum of the top pressures from the upper lip and the lower lip.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a mouthpiece which allows the player to feel and / or indicates to the player during the game whether the neck pressure originating from the upper lip is appropriate in relation to the neck pressure originating from the lower lip.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a mouthpiece which opposes the neck pressure emanating from the upper lip distinguishes the neck pressure from the lower lip and optionally allows the measurement and display of neck pressure separately for upper lip and lower lip (differentiated neck pressure measurement) while playing a brass instrument.
  • the change in partial batch pressures i. the two of the upper lip and from the lower lip starting pressures should be displayed continuously, without causing a break in the air column at a certain approach pressure is exceeded, so that the mouthpiece not only as a learning aid for learners, but also as a tool for optimizing the game can be used by experienced players.
  • a mouthpiece for a wind instrument according to claim 1, wherein the mouthpiece in its most general form has a two-part construction or a three-part structure.
  • Mouthpiece and mouthpiece kettle movably connected, i. Mouthpiece and mouthpiece rim are rigidly connected in this first alternative (Alternative 1), or
  • Mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle movably connected, i. Mouthpiece kettle and mouthpiece stem are rigidly connected together in this second alternative (alternative 2).
  • Mouthpiece and mouthpiece kettle and mouthpiece kettle and mouthpiece stem movably connected, i. the three components of the mouthpiece are movably connected in two places in this third alternative (Alternative 3).
  • a compound is "movable" in the context of the invention, when the two movably interconnected parts of the mouthpiece after making the connection with respect to the longitudinal axis of the composite mouthpiece initially form a uniform longitudinal axis, wherein the movable connected mouthpiece parts due to the elasticity of the constructed of a flexible and airtight material fastener, under the contact pressure (neck pressure) of the upper lip, or the contact pressure (neck pressure) of the lower lip, with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece can perform a tilting movement. If such a tilting movement occurs during the game, the player learns that he has played in this moment with a too much from the upper lip outgoing, or with an excessively outgoing from the lower lip approach pressure.
  • a connection is "rigid" in the sense of the invention if the two rigidly interconnected parts of the mouthpiece can no longer be tilted after the connection has been made with respect to the longitudinal axis of the assembled mouthpiece A rigid connection between two mouthpiece parts can nevertheless be releasable
  • a releasable rigid connection between two mouthpiece parts is made, for example, by means of a threaded connection, wherein one of the mouthpiece parts has an external thread and the other mouthpiece part has a correspondingly sized internal thread
  • the core idea of the invention is to provide a multi-part mouthpiece, wherein at least two of the components of the mouthpiece are not rigid but are movably connected to each other, so that a player playing with unbalanced pressure approach can feel due to the tilting movement, the necessary correction of the neck pressure independently
  • the multi-part mouthpiece comprising at least two movably connected components, one or more pressure sensors have, which detect deviations of the neck pressure and are connected to the optical readability of the
  • the mouthpiece kettle and mouthpiece stem are movably interconnected by a flexible connecting member made of an elastic and airtight material, while the mouthpiece rim and mouthpiece bowls are rigidly connected to each other, or are integral.
  • This preferred embodiment with two-part construction corresponds to alternative 1.
  • the correction effect is stronger for the player than for alternative 2 because the section consisting of the mouthpiece rim and mouthpiece kettle forms a longer lever arm than in alternative 2.
  • two mouthpieces initially movably connected together by the subsequent attachment of a rigid sleeve, which surrounds the connecting element of the flexible material on the outside, temporarily or permanently connected rigidly together.
  • a rigid sleeve mounted only temporarily in the region of the flexible connecting element is that the player does not have to remove the connecting element that produces the movable connection, and can at least temporarily convert this mouthpiece into a rigid mouthpiece.
  • the attachment of the rigid sleeve for fixing the first movably connected mouthpiece components causes such a mouthpiece in its playing properties is substantially comparable to a one-piece mouthpiece.
  • the rigid sleeve of generally cylindrical shape consisting of a non-flexible material may consist, for example, of two half-sectioned semicircular sleeves, the two halves being e.g. can be connected to one another by a mechanical latching mechanism or in another way and are thus fixed on the outside, or the lateral surface, of the flexible connecting element.
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to the use of at least one pressure sensor in conjunction with a mouthpiece, which is connectable to each brass instrument, so that a differentiated approach pressure measurement is possible, the player the result of Pressure gauge measurement is displayed during the game and / or stored on a storage medium for later analysis of the course of the neck pressure in connection with the analysis of the sheet material.
  • having a pressure sensor in conjunction with a mouthpiece, which is connectable to each brass instrument, so that a differentiated approach pressure measurement is possible, the player the result of Pressure gauge measurement is displayed during the game and / or stored on a storage medium for later analysis of the course of the neck pressure in connection with the analysis of the sheet material.
  • Embodiment of the mouthpiece are mouthpiece kettle and
  • Mouthpiece stem for separate detection of the
  • the mouthpiece additionally comprises at least one pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor, which is integrated in the mouthpiece or its components, or is releasably connected to the mouthpiece or its components, is arranged so that a tilting movements of the mouthpiece kettle or the mouthpiece stem with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece.
  • the mouthpiece is also constructed in two parts, consisting of mouthpiece kettle, which is firmly connected to the mouthpiece edge, and mouthpiece shaft as a second component.
  • This mouthpiece additionally has at least one pressure sensor for separate detection of the neck pressure emanating from the upper lip and / or the lower lip.
  • the pressure sensor is, or the pressure sensors are permanently integrated into the mouthpiece or its components or are detachably connected to the mouthpiece or its components. The case that the pressure of the upper lip and lower lip is detected is when a beginner plays too high pressure.
  • the mouthpiece intended for a wind instrument basically consists of a mouthpiece kettle, mouthpiece stem and mouthpiece rim.
  • the wind instrument is preferably a brass instrument, woodwind instruments not being excluded from the scope of the invention.
  • the mouthpiece or its components a variety of possibilities and variants is conceivable.
  • the sensors can be arranged either between the mouthpiece rim and mouthpiece bowl or between the mouthpiece bowl and mouthpiece shank.
  • a permanent integration of the pressure sensor, or the pressure sensors, provided in the mouthpiece or its components In this case, a permanent, i. firm connection between the pressure sensor and the mouthpiece or its components preferred.
  • the pressure sensor, or the pressure sensors, in the mouthpiece or its components i. either in the mouthpiece rim or in the mouthpiece kettle, or both partly in the mouthpiece rim and partly in the mouthpiece kettle, firmly integrated. (The same applies to the mouthpiece stem if the sensors are located between the mouthpiece bowl and mouthpiece stem).
  • a detachable connection between the pressure sensor, or the pressure sensors is provided.
  • the pressure sensor, or the pressure sensors, on the mouthpiece (1) or on its components i. either on the mouthpiece rim or on the mouthpiece kettle, or both partially on the mouthpiece edge and partly on the mouthpiece kettle, detachably arranged.
  • recesses are incorporated in the region of the mouthpiece edge which comes into contact with the lips, the depressions being variable in shape and depth.
  • the depressions in shape and depth are each sized so that they can accommodate a pressure sensor and the top of the arranged in the recess Pressure sensor and coming into contact with the lips area of the mouthpiece edge lie in a plane.
  • the pressure sensors are, for example, by gluing, firmly connected to the surfaces which form the inner surface of the recess.
  • the recess can be closed by a residual-flexible adhesive or non-flexible adhesive.
  • the pressure sensors are initially inserted into the indentations without additional fixing.
  • the recesses may be incorporated by milling, drilling, grinding or other forms of machining in the material of the mouthpiece or its components, in particular in the mouthpiece edge.
  • the mouthpiece has a multi-part, namely two-part, construction.
  • the mouthpiece edge is separated from the mouthpiece kettle in an initially one-piece mouthpiece.
  • the pressure sensor (s) is arranged in the area between the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece kettle. (The same applies to the mouthpiece stem if the sensors are located between the mouthpiece bowl and mouthpiece stem).
  • the detachable arrangement may be, for example, that the pressure sensor (s) are directly connected by gluing on the area of the mouthpiece edge in contact with the lips, without the aforesaid area being changed beforehand by any machining operation
  • the mouthpiece has a multi-part construction comprising a mouthpiece bowl with mouthpiece stem, a mouthpiece rim and a flexible connecting element made of an elastic and airtight material, wherein the mouthpiece edge is movably connected to the mouthpiece bowl by the connecting element and at least one pressure sensor and / or at least one movement indicator is arranged in each case such that a movement of the mouthpiece edge caused by the application pressure of the upper lip or of the lower lip, relative to the mouthpiece vessel, is detectable, ie differentiated. Mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle thus form together with the flexible connecting element a contiguous and airtight space outside.
  • the die kettle and mouthpiece stem together with the flexible connecting element located between the die kettle and the mouthpiece stem, form a coherent and outwardly airtight space.
  • the connecting element which connects the respective components of the mouthpiece with each other such that the mouthpiece edge is movable relative to the mouthpiece bowl or mouthpiece shank relative to the mouthpiece bowl, is flexible due to the elasticity of its material.
  • its design i. its length, its diameter and wall thickness, the mobility of the interconnected components firmly.
  • the term "flexibility” generally refers to the property of pliable (flexible) materials, one in terms of elasticity a material definable material constant is z.
  • the elasticity is the property of a body or material to change its shape under the action of force and to return to the original form when the acting force ceases, as is the case, for example, with a spring.
  • a pressure sensor in the sense of the invention is an electrical pressure measuring device that can transform the physical variable pressure into an electrical output variable as a measure of pressure and is suitable for measuring a stationary pressure, a pressure difference and / or a pressure fluctuation.
  • a movement indicator in the sense of the invention can, in contrast to an electronic pressure sensor, be a purely mechanical device, wherein no electrical current is required for the functioning of this device. It is conceivable, e.g. the attachment of a thin rod on the side facing away from the lips of the fan end face of the mouthpiece edge, wherein the rod is guided obliquely upward in the direction of the fan. An increase in pressure from the upper lip causes the tip of the rod to tilt slightly downwards. This tilting movement of the movement indicator or parts thereof can be easily perceived by the eyes of the player without changing the viewing direction.
  • the flexible connecting element which is arranged between the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece kettle and the two said elements movably interconnected, has the shape of an annular disc.
  • this annular disc corresponds approximately to the outer diameter of the mouthpiece edge while its inner diameter corresponds approximately to the inner diameter of the mouthpiece edge.
  • the connecting element which connects the end face of the mouthpiece vessel with the end face of the likewise circular mouthpiece edge, forms an extension of the mouthpiece bowl, which is circular in cross-section.
  • the length corresponding to the distance between the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece kettle, or height, of the flexible annular connecting element is variable.
  • the wall thickness of the connecting element is variable.
  • the variability of the design of the flexible connector allows the pressure sensors and / or the motion indicators to be completely or at least partially surrounded by the flexible material of the connector. A complete or at least partial inclusion of the pressure sensors in the elastic material is advantageous because it protects the sensors.
  • the connecting element is in any case designed so that the pressure sensors are shielded from the air flow in the interior of the wind instrument by the elastic material of the connecting element and do not protrude into the interior of the mouthpiece.
  • the shield causes an ideally smooth surface of the mouthpiece in the interior, so that there are no unwanted air vortex generated.
  • the flexible connector that movably connects the mouthpiece rim to the mouthpiece bowl is not an annular but a tubular portion extending from the mouthpiece rim to the mouthpiece bowl.
  • the tubular connecting element is characterized by its greater length, or height, ie in a mouthpiece with a tubular connecting element, have for example mouthpiece edge and the front side of the mouthpiece vessel at a greater distance from each other.
  • the tubular portion may consist of a prefabricated already cured elastic material which is flexible and after its deformation, for example by bending relative to its longitudinal axis, returns to its original orientation.
  • an already cured elastic material with a circular cross-section can preferably be used.
  • suitable elastic plastics in question are thermoplastic materials.
  • a mouthpiece made entirely of plastic that is to say in which not only the tubular connecting element but also the mouthpiece kettle, including the mouthpiece stem, and the mouthpiece rim are made of plastic.
  • the latter components of a one-piece mouthpiece ie, the mouthpiece rim and / or the mouthpiece kettle, including mouthpiece shank, could also be made from a less elastic plastic, such as a duroplastic.
  • a one-piece, at least partially elastic, mouthpiece could already be produced in one piece, for example by using a corresponding manufacturing mold.
  • a one-piece mouthpiece could be retrofitted from a prefabricated mouthpiece kettle made of a thermoplastic or thermoset, so rather rigid plastic and a prefabricated tubular connecting element preferably made of an elastic plastic and a prefabricated mouthpiece edge, in turn of a thermoplastic or thermosetting plastic exists to be manufactured.
  • the distance between the mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle may also be greater in the aforementioned alternative, ie mouthpiece with elastic tubular connecting element.
  • the distance between the opposite end faces of the mouthpiece rim and the mouthpiece vessel is at least such that the pressure sensors and / or movement indicators can be arranged in the region lying between the opposite end faces of the mouthpiece rim and the mouthpiece.
  • the connecting element, the mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle connects is dimensioned in its length significantly larger than is necessary for the arrangement of the pressure sensors and / or the movement indicators.
  • the flexibility of the connecting element can be influenced.
  • the attachment of motion indicators may require a larger space. This is especially true when the movement indicators are of a mechanical nature and the movement made by the mouthpiece edge under the action of neck pressure is indicated directly or mechanically, ie without the use of electronic elements.
  • the additional mechanical fasteners provide additional stabilization of the connection between the mouthpiece rim and mouthpiece bowl and are preferably located in the region between the opposite end faces of the mouthpiece rim and the mouthpiece bowl.
  • a stabilization of the compound is not only a directed at train and pressure stabilization of the connection between mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle, but already improved leadership of the tilting movement, the mouthpiece edge under the contact pressure (neck pressure) of the upper lip, or the lower lip, relative to the mouthpiece kettle.
  • the additional mechanical fasteners may be used either in combination with a rather elongate tubular fastener made of an already hardened material or in Combination with a rather less elongate connecting element, which is made of a first not yet cured material.
  • the mechanical connecting elements which are arranged in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece edge or in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece kettle, in addition to the elastic connecting element, can be designed in the most various ways known to the person skilled in the art.
  • Conceivable is the execution of the mechanical fasteners as hinge elements, each with two-part construction.
  • one part of the hinge is located at the mouthpiece edge while the other part of the hinge is attached to the mouthpiece kettle.
  • the additional mechanical connecting elements are designed as two tilting bearings.
  • the tilting bearings are formed in this particular case essentially by two hump-like elevations, or elevations, which are arranged either on the front side of the mouthpiece edge or on the front side of the mouthpiece kettle, and improved guidance of the tilting movement, the mouthpiece edge under the contact pressure (neck pressure ) of the upper lip or lower lip relative to the mouthpiece kettle.
  • the ends of the elevations on the respectively opposite end face ie the end face of the cauldron
  • the elevations protrude into correspondingly shaped depressions for improved guidance.
  • the depressions correspond in shape to the end portions of the elevations and have in the respective tilting direction additional space, which allows the tilting movement of the mouthpiece edge relative to the mouthpiece kettle.
  • there is also a mirror-image arrangement of the elevations and depressions ie the arrangement of the elevations on the front edge of the mouthpiece kettle and the arrangement of the recesses on the front edge of the mouthpiece edge, in the context of the invention.
  • the elevations serve as tilting bearings and at the same time stabilize the connection between the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece kettle, if the connecting element consists of a particularly elastic or soft material.
  • the ridges mounted on the mouthpiece rim or on the mouthpiece kettle serve as spacers which can prevent the unwanted simultaneous activation of the top and bottom pressure sensors if the player as a whole plays with a far too large neck pressure.
  • the serves as tilt bearings increases, which are arranged between mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece boiler, may consist of different materials. It is conceivable that the elevations, not made of metal or a hard plastic, but also made of an elastic material, the elasticity of this material is significantly lower than the elasticity of the material which forms the connecting element otherwise.
  • Variable is also the shape of the serves as tilt bearings increases.
  • tilting bearings which have a ball head on top. It is envisaged that in each case two ball-head tilt bearings are arranged on the end face of the mouthpiece edge or on the end face of the mouthpiece kettle directed towards the mouthpiece edge.
  • the ball-and-tilt bearings are arranged on the mouthpiece edge facing the mouthpiece edge, it is provided that the end face of the mouthpiece edge recesses, which are shaped so that these recesses can receive the ball heads, so that the ball heads and the complementary to these shaped recesses each form a plug connection.
  • the ball-end tilting bearings in this preferred embodiment perform two functions.
  • two mechanical connecting elements which connect the mouthpiece edge with the mouthpiece kettle are arranged in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece edge or the front side of the mouthpiece kettle so that the two mechanical on the round of the mouthpiece edge, or. the on the round of the mouthpiece kettle, arranged connecting elements at mutually maximum lateral spacing face each other and at the same time lie on a line extending in the horizontal direction.
  • the frontal area of the mouthpiece edge would be divided by the horizontal line into two equal halves.
  • the mechanical fasteners the central Determine the distance between the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece bowl and the tilting axis for the tilting movement mentioned.
  • the pressure sensors are arranged above or below said tilt axis, ie the pressure sensors are arranged in the upper region of the mouthpiece edge and / or in the lower region of the circular mouthpiece edge, preferably in the upper end region of the mouthpiece edge and / or in the lower end region of the circular mouthpiece edge.
  • two mechanical connecting elements which connect the mouthpiece edge to the mouthpiece kettle are arranged in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece edge or the front side of the mouthpiece kettle so that the two mechanical elements on the round of the mouthpiece rim, or ., which are arranged on the edge of the mouthpiece kettle, arranged on a horizontal line in the horizontal direction, but are not arranged with maximum lateral distance from each other.
  • the horizontal line divides the frontal area of the mouthpiece edge not into two equal halves, but in a larger and smaller area. If the connecting elements are arranged below the middle, this arrangement takes into account the fact that the starting pressure from the lower lip tends to be greater.
  • the surveys serving as tilting bearings identify the top of the shape of a ball head.
  • the ball head which is arranged either in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece rim or in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece kettle, is inserted in a recess corresponding to the shape of the ball head, which has been previously produced in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece bowl or in the region of the front side of the mouthpiece rim , In this way, the ball head and depression each cause a connection between the mouthpiece edge and mouthpiece kettle.
  • Most preferred are pressure sensors whose measuring range is in the pressure range of 10 g to 10 kg. This pressure range is well beyond the pressure range that can be generated by an adult with both lips.
  • the load which can be generated by the upper and lower lips of an adult can, when measuring this load, lie on a flat surface in the range from 1 g to 2.6 kg, in particular in the range from 200 g to 2.0 kg.
  • FSR sensors with a measuring range of 10 g to 10 kg have proved suitable.
  • the abbreviation FSR results from the initial letters of the compound term "force sensitive resistor.”
  • Particularly suitable is a pressure sensor with the type designation FSR-400, available from Conrad Electronic, Hirschau, Germany, as well as those from Tekscan, Boston, MA. USA offered FSR sensors.
  • the pressure-sensitive portion of the sensor leading away ports can be shortened so far that they do not protrude beyond the outside of the mouthpiece after installation of the sensor, or are visible.
  • piezoresistive pressure sensors whose measuring range is also in the pressure range from 1 g to 2.6 kg, in particular in the pressure range from 200 g to 2.0 kg.
  • two sensors are provided for pressure decrease, in the simplest case, even only one sensor is sufficient to solve the problem.
  • one sensor is arranged in the area of the upper half of the mouthpiece and the second sensor is arranged in the region of the lower half of the mouthpiece.
  • the two sensors arranged between the opposite end faces of the mouthpiece edge and the mouthpiece kettle come to lie at those points where the upper lip or the lower lip exerts the greatest application pressure.
  • the position of the wind instrument means that the pressure sensors are at maximum spacing from each other, on a vertical line dividing the circular mouthpiece edge into left and right halves.
  • the approach pressure display can be done with electronic means, for example by means of several bulbs, the individual bulbs have different colors. The colors of the bulbs are coded, ie the color red signals the player, for example, a too high pressure approach, while the color green indicates a reasonable approach pressure.
  • Particularly suitable bulbs for the mouthpiece according to the invention are light-emitting diodes (LEDs), because they can be operated with a comparatively low voltage and are available in a wide color spectrum.
  • the approach pressure display can alternatively be done using a small monitor. Also, a computer equipped with programs for analyzing and modulating the sound quality of music can be used as an electronic means for the approach pressure display.
  • the electronic means for differentiated approach pressure display can be located directly on the wind instrument in the field of view of the player. This arrangement is preferred if the neck pressure gauge is to be used during a public music lecture.
  • the electronic approach pressure indicator are used in the presence of a corresponding cable connection (circuit) between the mouthpiece and approach pressure gauge separated from the wind instrument.
  • the separate arrangement may be useful in regular practice or recording the sound of the music lecture.
  • the differentiated display of the starting from the upper lip neck pressure, or from the bottom lip outgoing approach pressure also allows the comparison of the two approach pressures.
  • the separate analysis of the two batch pressures can be done by means of appropriate electronic means, such as the use of a potentiometer.
  • the flexibility of the connecting element can be additionally influenced. This also applies to the variation of the wall thickness of the connecting element.
  • a tubular section is used as the connecting element, a section of a tube of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is particularly suitable as a flexible material. Also suitable are fasteners made of silicone, polyamide (PA) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and comparable plastics.
  • PVC polyvinyl chloride
  • fasteners made of silicone, polyamide (PA) or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) and comparable plastics.
  • the wall thickness of the material is variable.
  • the wall thickness of the circular cross-section connecting elements in the range of 1 mm to 8 mm.
  • the wall thickness of the circular cross-section connecting elements in the range of 2 mm to 4 mm.
  • the mouthpiece according to the invention is suitable for independently measuring the starting pressure originating from the upper lip, ie separately, from the starting pressure emanating from the lower lip.
  • a mouthpiece according to the invention in conjunction with a wind instrument for separate, ie differentiated, approach pressure measurement when playing a wind instrument, especially when playing a brass instrument, is therefore also within the scope of the invention.
  • the mouthpiece according to the invention is equally suitable for initial equipment or for retrofitting a wind instrument.
  • the compatibility of the mouthpiece according to the invention with various wind instruments is ensured because the instrument-side portion of the mouthpiece, which makes the connection with the mouthpiece, is the same as in a conventional mouthpiece.
  • the essence of the invention also includes a wind instrument, in particular a brass instrument, which, characterized in that the wind instrument is connected to one of the mouthpieces according to the invention.
  • FIGS. 1 to 6 are intended to explain the invention without limiting the general principle underlying the invention.
  • Fig. 1 shows the mouthpiece 1, which is attached to a wind instrument 2 from the side.
  • the two pressure sensors 5a and 5b are arranged in the region of the upper and the lower half of the mouthpiece edge so that the upper pressure sensor 5a indicates the starting pressure of the upper lip outgoing force, or from the upper lip pressure, and the lower pressure sensor 5b from the approach pressure of the lower lip outgoing force, or the outgoing from the lower lip pressure indicates.
  • Fig. 2 shows a mouthpiece which is a variation of the mouthpiece shown in Fig. 1.
  • the mouthpiece 1 shown in Fig. 2 in the lying between the mouthpiece edge 4 and the mouthpiece kettle 3 area in addition to two serving as a tilting bearing rocker-like elevations / elevations 7a and 7b, which are arranged in the region of the front side left and right. Due to the lateral representation, only elevation 7a can be seen in FIG.
  • the Elevations serve, in addition to the flexible connecting element 6, as mechanical fasteners and have a hinge-like effect when the mouthpiece edge 4 is inclined under the approach pressure of the upper, or the lower lip, in the direction of the mouthpiece kettle 3.
  • the elevations / elevations 7a and 7b may be made of different materials.
  • the elevations / elevations 7a and 7b also consist of an elastic material, wherein the elasticity of this material is significantly lower than the elasticity of the material which forms the connecting element 6 incidentally.
  • the elevations on the top side may be shaped differently, preferably wedge-shaped and most preferably spherical (not shown in FIG. 2).
  • the tilting bearings serve 7a and 7b and a lighter adjustment of the mouthpiece edge 4, while the elastic connection between the mouthpiece edge 4 and the mouthpiece kettle 3 is made, for. B. until the elastic material from which the connecting element 6 is cured.
  • the tilting bearings 7a, 7b mounted on the mouthpiece rim 4 or on the mouthpiece bowl 3 can serve as spacer elements, which can be used for the undesired activation of both pressure sensors 5, d. H. the upper pressure sensor 5a and the lower pressure sensor 5b, prevent if a game beginner altogether plays with a much too large approach pressure.
  • Fig. 3 shows an alternative embodiment of the mouthpiece 1.
  • the connecting element 6 consists of a rather elongated tubular portion 6b of a material with elastic, ie flexible, properties.
  • Mouthpiece edge 4 and mouthpiece kettle 3 are each connected at a portion of their inside with a corresponding portion of the outside of the tubular connecting element 6b.
  • the length of the tubular connecting element 6b and the wall thickness and also the material of the tubular connecting element 6b determine the flexibility, ie the mobility of the mouthpiece edge 4 relative to the mouthpiece kettle 3.
  • the pressure sensors can z. B. between the spaced end faces of mouthpiece kettle 3 and mouthpiece edge 4 may be arranged. It is conceivable that in the example shown in Fig. 3 for more stable attachment of the pressure sensors each flange-like devices are arranged in the edge region of mouthpiece kettle 3 and mouthpiece edge 4.
  • the distance between the mouthpiece edge 4 and the mouthpiece kettle 3 is also determined by the space required for the arrangement of the pressure sensors (not shown in Figure 3) or the movement indicator 8, which cooperates with the adjusting needle 9.
  • the movement indicator 8 tilts down when the neck pressure originating from the upper lip causes a forward tilting movement of the upper mouthpiece edge 4a.
  • the recognizability of the tilting movement is facilitated for the player when the tip of the movement indicator 8 is directed to the tip of the Justiernadel 9.
  • the movement indicator 8 and the adjusting needle 9 replace an electronic display 10 which displays the batch pressure detected by the pressure sensors 5.
  • the combined use of a movement indicator 8 and an electronic display 10 is conceivable.
  • Fig. 4 shows a cross section through a further alternative embodiment of the mouthpiece 1.
  • the mouthpiece edge 4 by an additional fastening means, for.
  • the connecting element 6 of the flexible material has in cross section the profile of a dovetail and is clamped due to said profiling in the space formed between the edge of the mouthpiece kettle 3 and the edge of the mouthpiece edge 4.
  • the pressure sensor 5b which detects the neck pressure of the lower lip, is arranged in the intermediate space formed between the mouthpiece edge 4 and mouthpiece bowl 3 below the connecting element 6.
  • the upper pressure sensor 5a which detects the application pressure of the upper lip, is analogous in the upper half of the mouthpiece arranged.
  • the mobility of the mouthpiece edge 4 relative to the mouthpiece kettle 3 is ensured by the design of the opening provided for receiving the fastener opening in the mouthpiece edge 4 as a slot, ie the opening provided for receiving the fastener opening in the mouthpiece edge 4 is not circular, but has a rather oval cross section, wherein the longitudinal axis of the oval is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece.
  • Fig. 5 shows a two-piece mouthpiece 1 in which mouthpiece bowl 3a and mouthpiece shank 3b, both made of metal, are present as separate parts.
  • the mouthpiece edge 4 is firmly connected in the example shown with the mouthpiece kettle 3a.
  • the two parts mouthpiece kettle 3a and mouthpiece stem 3b are connected by a connecting element 6 made of a flexible airtight material.
  • the connecting element 6 is in the example shown on shaft-like projections, each fixed or threaded, with the mutually facing end portions of mouthpiece kettle 3a and mouthpiece shank 3b are connected.
  • the connecting element 6 consists of a tubular section whose inner diameter corresponds in each case to the outer diameter of the mouthpiece stem and mouthpiece kettle.
  • mouthpiece bowls 3a and mouthpiece shafts 3b are movably connected with each other with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece 1, i.
  • the mouthpiece bowl 3a can perform a tilting movement with respect to the mouthpiece stem 3b, whose longitudinal axis coincides with the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece 1.
  • Such a tilting movement can e.g. be triggered by a too high application pressure of the upper lip.
  • Fig. 6 shows a two-part mouthpiece 1, which corresponds in construction to the mouthpiece of Fig. 5, wherein the mouthpiece 1 of Fig. 6 additionally comprises a pressure sensor 5.
  • the pressure sensor 5 is connected by a pressure sensor holder 11, which is fastened by means of a collar 12 on the shaft.
  • the pressure sensor 5 is arranged so that a kinking of the mouthpiece kettle 3a, triggered by a tilting movement of the mouthpiece bowl 3a with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece 1, leads to the activation of the pressure sensor 5.
  • the sleeve 12 is a carrier of several pressure sensor holders 11.
  • the pressure sensors 5 fixed by the sleeve 12 are arranged so that the two tilting movements essential for the educational use of the mouthpiece 1 are detected.
  • the first for the educational use of the mouthpiece 1 essential tilting movement is the upward tilting movement, which is caused by an excessive contact pressure (neck pressure) of the upper lip.
  • the second significant for the educational use of the mouthpiece 1 tilting movement is the downward tilting movement, which is caused by an excessive contact pressure (neck pressure) of the lower lip.
  • neck pressure neck pressure
  • more than two pressure pads 5 are arranged, wherein two of the pressure sensors 5 are arranged as described in the preceding paragraph, and the additional pressure sensors 5 are arranged so that they are also lateral Detecting tilting movements of the mouthpiece bowl 3a with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece 1.
  • the pressure sensor holder 11 consists of a rod-shaped member which is fixed with a collar 12 to a portion of the mouthpiece shaft 3b.
  • the rod-shaped element is dimensioned in its length so that it extends beyond the elastic connecting element 6.
  • the pressure sensor 5a is arranged at one end of the rod-shaped element.
  • the rod-shaped element is connected to the sleeve.
  • the cuff serves to attach the pressure sensor holder 11 to the mouthpiece shaft 3b. After attachment of the pressure sensor holder 11 on the mouthpiece shaft 3b, the pressure sensor 5, as shown in Fig. 5, to lie at the level of the lateral surface of the mouthpiece bowl 3a, but is spaced in the normal position of this.
  • the distance in the basic position is selected so that only slight and therefore tolerable tilting movements of the mouthpiece bowl 3a with respect to the longitudinal axis of the mouthpiece 1 are not detected.
  • the spacing of the pressure sensor 5, or the pressure sensors 5, from the lateral surface of the mouthpiece vessel 3a thus determines the tolerance with which the differentiated approach pressure measurement takes place.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Measuring Fluid Pressure (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)

Abstract

Embouchure (1) en plusieurs parties pour une mesure différenciée de la pression appliquée sur un instrument à vent (2), cette embouchure comprenant une cuvette (3a), un bord (4) et une queue (3b). La cuvette (3a), le bord (4) et la queue (3b) de l'embouchure sont des parties mobiles pouvant être reliées les unes aux autres. Soit la cuvette (3a) et le bord (4), soit la cuvette (3a) et la queue (3b), ou bien la cuvette (3a) et le bord (4) comme la cuvette (3a) et la queue (3b) sont reliés par un élément de liaison (6) souple en matériau élastique étanche à l'air. Un mouvement de bascule peut être réalisé relativement à l'axe longitudinal de l'embouchure (1), entre les parties de l'embouchure (3a, 3b, 4) mobiles reliées entre elles, grâce à l'élasticité de l'élément de liaison (6) en matériau souple étanche à l'air, sous la pression exercée par la lèvre supérieure ou sous la pression exercée par la lèvre inférieure.
PCT/DE2012/000758 2011-07-28 2012-07-25 Embouchure d'instrument à vent en plusieurs parties pour une mesure différenciée de la pression appliquée WO2013013660A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102011108772.2 2011-07-28
DE102011108772 2011-07-28
DE102012008053.0 2012-04-21
DE102012008053A DE102012008053A1 (de) 2011-07-28 2012-04-21 Mehrteiliges Mundstück für ein Blasinstrument zur differenzierten Ansatzdruckmessung

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WO2013013660A1 true WO2013013660A1 (fr) 2013-01-31

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DE (2) DE102012008053A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2013013660A1 (fr)

Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1003578A (en) 1911-01-05 1911-09-19 Ralph Bailey Mouthpiece for horns.
US1469583A (en) 1921-12-02 1923-10-02 Charles R Campbell Lip-pressure-correcting device for wind instruments
US1556729A (en) * 1923-03-17 1925-10-13 Sidney S Smith Adjustable mouthpiece
GB441561A (en) 1934-08-01 1936-01-22 Fred Woolley Mouth-piece for brass-band and like wind instruments
US2258312A (en) * 1940-08-14 1941-10-07 Adkins Rick Mouthpiece
DE1019147B (de) 1955-05-18 1957-11-07 Karl Eduard Schatz Mundstueck fuer Blechblasinstrumente
US3339444A (en) 1966-01-07 1967-09-05 Jerry R Brooks Trumpet embouchure
DE7210711U (de) 1972-03-21 1972-06-22 Nipken R Mundstueck fuer blechblasinstrumente
DE9101874U1 (de) 1990-03-30 1991-08-08 Walch, Nikolaus, 1000 Berlin Mundstückdruckkontrollgerät
DE4432694A1 (de) * 1994-09-14 1996-03-21 Markus Kosfelder Tonabnahmeverfahren, welches bei Blechblasinstrumenten eine schnelle Grundfrequenzbestimmung der gespielten Töne ermöglicht
GB2388240A (en) 2002-05-01 2003-11-05 Anthony George Barrett Mouthpiece with inclined rim
DE102007006330A1 (de) 2007-02-08 2008-08-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Laserschweißen
US20090038463A1 (en) 2007-02-09 2009-02-12 Yamaha Corporation Playing device

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE92944C (fr) *

Patent Citations (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1003578A (en) 1911-01-05 1911-09-19 Ralph Bailey Mouthpiece for horns.
US1469583A (en) 1921-12-02 1923-10-02 Charles R Campbell Lip-pressure-correcting device for wind instruments
US1556729A (en) * 1923-03-17 1925-10-13 Sidney S Smith Adjustable mouthpiece
GB441561A (en) 1934-08-01 1936-01-22 Fred Woolley Mouth-piece for brass-band and like wind instruments
US2258312A (en) * 1940-08-14 1941-10-07 Adkins Rick Mouthpiece
DE1019147B (de) 1955-05-18 1957-11-07 Karl Eduard Schatz Mundstueck fuer Blechblasinstrumente
US3339444A (en) 1966-01-07 1967-09-05 Jerry R Brooks Trumpet embouchure
DE7210711U (de) 1972-03-21 1972-06-22 Nipken R Mundstueck fuer blechblasinstrumente
DE9101874U1 (de) 1990-03-30 1991-08-08 Walch, Nikolaus, 1000 Berlin Mundstückdruckkontrollgerät
DE4432694A1 (de) * 1994-09-14 1996-03-21 Markus Kosfelder Tonabnahmeverfahren, welches bei Blechblasinstrumenten eine schnelle Grundfrequenzbestimmung der gespielten Töne ermöglicht
GB2388240A (en) 2002-05-01 2003-11-05 Anthony George Barrett Mouthpiece with inclined rim
DE102007006330A1 (de) 2007-02-08 2008-08-14 Robert Bosch Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Laserschweißen
US20090038463A1 (en) 2007-02-09 2009-02-12 Yamaha Corporation Playing device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE202012010199U1 (de) 2013-01-25
DE102012008053A1 (de) 2013-01-31
DE102012008053A8 (de) 2013-03-14

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