WO2018133746A1 - Underground building formed of piles and walls, and method for constructing same - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed are an underground building formed of piles and walls, and a method for constructing same, wherein, during construction, the base of a wall (1) thereof has a chain cutter (3) for excavating rock and earth, and two ends of the wall (1) and piles are mutually embedded or fixedly connected as one. The piles are piles with grooves, and two ends of the wall (1) are embedded in the pile grooves when installing. The base and a side face of the piles with grooves, and the base and a side face of the wall (1) are provided with a track (1-1), the chain cutter (3) for excavating rock and earth is equipped on the track (1-1), a chain excavating apparatus (2) is composed of the chain cutter (3), a sprocket (6) and a driving apparatus (4), and a base track (B-1) has a height difference to facilitate the chain cutter (3) running at intersection points. During construction, the driving apparatus (4) drives the chain cutter (3), the chain cutter (3) runs along the track (1-1), a cutter (3-2) on the pile base track (B-1) excavates rock and earth, and when the chain cutter (3) is running from the base upwards, the excavated rock and earth are driven upwards, and the chain cutter (3) at the base of the pile descends together with the pile. The walls and the piles of the building can be manufactured in segments at a prefabricating site, after assembly on site, they descend as a whole, construction is simple, quality is good, the construction period is short, costs are low, and the construction is suitable for various areas.

Description

Underground building composed of piles and walls and construction method thereof Technical field

The invention relates to an underground building composed of piles and walls and a construction method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of civil engineering foundation construction.

Background technique

The existing underground building construction generally adopts the method of overall excavation construction, and the foundation pit support generally adopts the technology of grading, slope reinforcement, row pile and underground continuous wall. The construction method using grading and slope reinforcement has the problems of large excavation area, high requirements for surrounding environment, and difficulty in foundation pit drainage. The use of row pile support foundation pit excavation requires prefabrication of piles, and the bottom soil The requirements are relatively high, the amount of support engineering is huge, and the safety factor is low. After the underground continuous wall is used for wall excavation, the underwater construction quality in the tank is difficult to control and detect, the construction period is long, the interface between the trough sections is difficult to construct and easy to seep. .

Summary of the invention

The invention proposes an underground building composed of piles and walls and a construction method thereof, the purpose of which is to overcome the defects of the prior art. Its main advantages: the walls and piles of the building can be manufactured in sections of the prefabricated field, the overall decline after site assembly, simple construction, good quality, short construction period, low cost, and adapt to various areas.

The technical solution of the invention: when the bottom of the wall is constructed, there is a chain cutter for excavating the earth and soil, and the two ends of the wall and the pile are embedded or fixedly integrated with each other.

The pile is a grooved pile, and both ends of the wall are embedded in the pile groove when installed.

The bottom and side of the wall are provided with rails. The rails are equipped with chain cutters for excavating rock and earth. The chain excavation device is composed of a chain cutter, a sprocket and a driving device. The chain cutter is composed of a chain and a cutter fixed on the chain; The device drives the chain, the chain drives the tool to run along the track, and the tool at the bottom of the wall excavates the rock. When the chain knife runs from the bottom up, the excavated rock is brought to the top, and the chain knife and the wall at the bottom of the wall are simultaneously descended and lowered to Design depth, remove the chain knife and then grout.

The bottom and sides of the grooved pile are provided with rails. The rails are provided with chain cutters for excavating rock and earth. The chain excavation device is composed of a chain cutter, a sprocket and a driving device. The chain cutter is composed of a chain and a cutter fixed on the chain. The bottom track has a height difference, which facilitates the operation of the intersection of the chain cutters; during construction, the drive unit drives the chain cutter, the chain cutter runs along the track, and the tool on the track at the bottom of the pile excavates the rock and soil, and the chain cutter will have been excavated when running from the bottom upward. The rock belt is brought up to the top, and the chain cutter and the pile at the bottom of the pile are lowered together, descending to the design depth, and the chain cutter is removed and then grouted.

The invention has the advantages that the wall and the pile of the building can be manufactured in the prefabricated section, the whole body is lowered after the on-site assembly, the construction is simple, the quality is good, the construction period is short, the cost is low, and the various areas are adapted.

DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of a word wall or a pile 1 , and is also a schematic structural view of the chain excavating device 2 when excavating the bottom rock of the foundation;

Figure 2 is a view in the direction of arrow A of Figure 1, and is also a schematic structural view of the sprocket 6, the driving device 4 and the tensioning device 5 constituting the chain excavating device 2;

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1, and is also a structural schematic view of the core cutter 3 excavating the rock and the horizontal horizontal conveyance at the bottom of the foundation, and is also provided at the bottom of the base 1 of the base 1 and the base 1 of the base 1 Schematic diagram of the mud pipeline 1-4;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 1, and is also a schematic structural view of a vertical geotechnical conveying device composed of a chain cutter 3 and a side cover 1-3;

5 is a schematic structural view of the chain cutter 3, and (a) is a schematic structural view of the chain 3-1 and the cutter 3-2, and is also composed of A ten-byte 3-1-1 and B ten-byte 3-1-2. Schematic diagram of the ten-byte structure of the chain 3-1; also a schematic diagram of the structure in which the chain 3-1 realizes space bending. (b) is a schematic structural view of the chain cutter 3 composed of the flexible belt 3-1B and the cutter 3-2B; also a schematic structural view of the flexible belt 3-1B and the cutter 3-2B;

Figure 6 is a schematic view of the construction of the A-shaped wall or the word pile 1;

7 is a schematic view of the B-method construction of a wall or a pile 1; and is a schematic structural view of the bottom rail B-1 and the pouring form B-4, which is a schematic structural view of the upper device being fixed on the working platform without lifting;

Figure 8 is a view taken along line A of Figure 9, and is also a schematic structural view of the intermediate frame B-2 and the upper device B-3;

A in FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an initial state during construction of the B method, and is a structural schematic view in which the upper device B-3 is fixed to the top of the intermediate frame B-2, and b is a schematic view of the bottom portion starting to excavate the upper portion to start pouring;

Figure c is a schematic diagram of the B-method construction when a wall or a pile 1 sinks to a certain depth, and d is a schematic diagram of a wall or a pile 1 after the construction depth is removed;

Figure 11 is a schematic view showing the structure of the L-shaped pile 8 as it is integrally lowered with the chain cutter 3 at the bottom;

Figure 12 is a view in the direction of arrow A of Figure 11, and is also a schematic structural view of the sprocket 6, the driving device 4 and the tensioning device 5 constituting the chain excavating device 2;

Figure 13 is a schematic view showing the structure of the H-pillar 9 as it is completely sunk together with the chain cutter 3 at the bottom;

Figure 14 is a view in the direction of arrow A of Figure 13, and is also a schematic structural view of the sprocket 6, the driving device 4 and the tensioning device 5 constituting the chain excavating device 2;

Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 13;

Figure 16 is a plan view of the cross-shaped pile 10;

Figure 17 is a structural schematic view of the underground continuous wall 7 composed of four L-shaped walls 8 and a plurality of H-shaped 9 and a plurality of one-word walls 1, and is also a structural schematic view of the two ends of the wall and the piles being embedded or fixedly integrated with each other;

Figure 18 is a schematic view showing the structure of a load-bearing wall 11 composed of a plurality of wall 1 and a plurality of well-shaped piles 10, and both ends of the wall 1 are embedded in the groove of the well-shaped pile 10 at the time of installation, and both ends of the wall 1 And the well type pile 10 is a schematic structural view embedded in each other;

Figure 19 is a schematic view showing the structure of a composite pile 12 composed of a plurality of studs 1;

Figure 20 is a structural schematic view of the H-pillar 13 without a chain knife at the bottom and integrated with the wall or the pile, and is also an H integrated by the L-shaped pile 8, the wall 1 and the bottom without a chain knife and fixed to the wall. Schematic diagram of the underground structure composed of the piles 13;

Figure 21 is a schematic view showing the structure of a bottom rail and a side rail of a wall or a pile 1. The type of the rail includes five types of a1, a2, b, c and d, wherein a1 and a2 are concave and b is flat. c is convex;

Figure 22 is a schematic structural view of a d-shaped rail and a chain cutter;

Figure 23 is a schematic view showing the structure in which d is a longitudinal multi-row track staggered into a tapered shape;

1 in the figure is a wall or a pile with a chain cutter 3 at the bottom during construction; 1-1 is a track running the chain cutter 3 at the bottom of the wall 1; 1-2 is a track running the chain cutter 3 on the side of the wall 1; 1-3 is a side cover of the wall 1 with a beveled corner; 1-4 is a mud pipeline provided at the bottom of the wall 1; 2 is composed of a chain cutter 3, a driving device 4, a tensioning device 5, a sprocket 6 and the like Chain excavating device; 3 is a chain cutter constituting the chain excavating device 2; 3-1 is a chain constituting the chain cutter 3, including a crawler belt, a rope and a flexible belt; 3-1-1 is a chain 10 octave Ten bytes; 3-1-2 is the B ten bytes that make up the chain ten bytes; 3-1B is the flexible band that constitutes the chain cutter 3; 3-2 is the tool for excavating the rock soil fixed on the chain 3-1 3-2B is a tool for excavating geotechnical soil fixed on flexible belt 3-1B; 4 is a driving device for chain 3-1; 5 is a tensioning device for chain 3-1; and 6 is a chain for running chain 3-1 7; is a continuous wall of the underground, consisting of four L-shaped walls 8, a number of H-type 9 and a number of wall 1; 8 is an L-shaped pile for underground buildings; 9 is an H-type pile for underground buildings; 10 is an underground building For the well type pile; 11 is the underground building for the load-bearing wall, consisting of a number of wall 1 and several The type of pile 10 is composed; 12 is a composite pile; 13 is an H-shaped pile without a chain knife at the bottom and integrated with the wall; B-1 is the bottom track in the B method; B-2 is the intermediate machine in the B method B-3 is the upper device in the B method; B-4 is the pouring template in the B method.

detailed description

An underground building consisting of piles and walls. The bottom of the wall is constructed with chain cutters for excavating the earth and soil. The two ends of the wall and the piles are embedded or fixed together.

The pile is a grooved pile, and both ends of the wall are embedded in the pile groove when installed.

The bottom and sides of the wall are provided with rails, and the rails are provided with chain cutters for excavating rock and earth. The chain excavation device is composed of a chain cutter, a sprocket and a driving device, and the chain cutter is composed of a chain and a cutter fixed on the chain; During the construction, the drive unit drives the chain, the chain drives the tool to run along the track, and the tool at the bottom of the wall excavates the rock and soil. When the chain knife runs from the bottom up, the excavated rock and soil is brought to the top, and the chain knife and the wall at the bottom of the wall are simultaneously descended. , descend to the design depth, remove the chain knife and then grout.

The bottom and side of the grooved pile are provided with a track, and the track is provided with a chain cutter for excavating rock and earth. The chain excavation device is composed of a chain cutter, a sprocket and a driving device, and the chain cutter is fixed by the chain and fixed on the chain. The composition of the tool has a height difference between the bottom rails, which facilitates the operation of the intersection of the chain cutters. During the construction, the drive unit drives the chain cutter, the chain cutter runs along the track, and the cutter on the track at the bottom of the pile excavates the rock and soil. When the chain cutter runs from the bottom upwards, The excavated geotechnical belt is taken to the top, and the chain cutter and pile at the bottom of the pile are lowered together, descending to the design depth, and the chain cutter is removed and then grouted.

The construction steps of the wall are as follows:

1) the bottom of the prefabricated wall;

2) Install the bottom of the wall at the site and install a chain knife on its track;

3) The upper part of the wall is in two ways:

(a) Factory prefabrication, on-site assembly;

(b) Install a fixed pouring formwork on site, and pour the wall side down;

4) installing a sprocket, a driving device and a chain cutter to form a chain excavating device;

5) Drive the chain, the chain knife at the bottom of the wall excavates the rock and soil, and the chain cutter running from the bottom up will transport the excavated rock and soil to the upper part, and the chain knife and wall at the bottom of the wall will drop;

6) Drop to the design depth, remove the chain knife on the wall and grout.

The construction steps of the pile are as follows:

1) the bottom of the precast pile;

2) Install the bottom of the pile on site and install a chain knife on its track;

3) Two ways of the upper part of the pile:

(a) Factory prefabrication, on-site assembly;

(b) Install a fixed pouring formwork on site, and pour the pile side down;

4) installing a sprocket, a driving device and a chain cutter to form a chain excavating device;

5) Drive the chain, the chain knife at the bottom of the pile excavates the rock and soil. When the chain knife runs from the bottom upwards, the excavated rock and soil will be transported to the top, and the chain cutter and pile at the bottom of the pile will descend;

6) Decrease to the design depth, remove the chain cutter on the pile and grout.

The underground building is an underground continuous wall.

The piles of the underground continuous wall are H-piles and/or well-shaped piles.

The corner of the underground continuous wall is an L-shaped wall.

The underground continuous wall is a load bearing wall.

The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 5, the bottom and the side of the wall or pile 1 are respectively provided with a rail 1-1 and a rail 1-1, and the rail is provided with a chain cutter 3 for excavating geotechnical, and the chain excavating device 2 is composed of a chain cutter 3. The driving device 4, the tensioning device 5 and the sprocket 6 are composed of a chain 3-1 and a cutter 3-2 fixed on the chain 3-1; during driving, the driving device 4 drives the chain 3-1, the chain 3-1 drives the cutter 3-2 to run along the track. The cutter 3 at the bottom of the wall or pile 1 excavates the rock and soil. When the chain cutter 3 runs upward from the bottom, the excavated rock is brought to the top, and the chain at the bottom of the wall or pile 1 The knife 3 and the wall or the pile 1 are simultaneously lowered and lowered to the design depth, and the chain cutter 3 is removed and then grouted.

As shown in Fig. 6, the wall or pile 1 is divided into the following steps by prefabrication:

1) Prefabricated wall or pile 1 in the factory, transported to the site to assemble the wall or pile 1 and clamped, and install the chain knife 3 on the track at the bottom, install the chain drive device 4 and other devices, and connect the excavator with the excavator Chain 3-1, as shown in a of the figure;

2) Drive the chain 3-1, the chain knife excavates the rock at the bottom, and sends it to the upper part through the geotechnical conveying device 7, and the wall or pile 1 descends, as shown in b in the figure;

3) After descending to a certain depth, the prefabricated parts of the wall or pile 1 can be assembled on the ground, or they can be assembled while sinking, as shown in c in the figure;

4) Grout after falling to the design depth, or remove the chain cutter 3 and then grout, as shown in d of the figure.

As shown in Fig. 7 to Fig. 10, the wall or pile 1 is divided into the following steps by the B method:

1) Clean up the site and build an operating platform;

2) assembling the bottom rail B-1 and the pouring formwork B-4, that is, the bottom of the wall or the pile 1 is clamped, and the chain cutter 3 is mounted on the rail at the bottom thereof;

3) assembling the intermediate frame B-2 and the upper device B-3;

4) Install the chain drive device 4, the tensioning device 5, the bottom rail B-1, the intermediate frame B-2, the upper device B-3 and the chain 3-1 are integrated to form a chain excavation device 2;

5) Making a steel cage, welding the intermediate frame B-2 and the steel cage into one body, and the intermediate frame is also a component of the pouring template;

6) pouring concrete in template B-4;

7) Drive the chain 3-1, the chain knife 3 excavates the rock at the bottom, and transports the excavated rock and soil to the upper part through the intermediate frame B-2, and the wall or pile 1 descends accordingly;

8) With the excavation of the wall or the bottom of the pile 1, the wall in the form B-4 or the side of the pile 1 is lowered;

9) Drop to the design depth to remove the chain cutter 3 after grouting;

10) Remove the upper device and the intermediate frame above the wall or pile 1 and remove the pouring formwork;

The above description of the word wall or the word pile 1 is as follows. The piles of the various structures below can be considered to be composed of a plurality of one-word walls or a pile 1 .

As shown in FIG. 11 to FIG. 12, the underground building is an L-shaped pile 8, the chain knife 3, the driving device 4 tensioning device 5, the sprocket 6 and the like, and the structure and construction method are composed of two one-piece piles 1 composition.

As shown in Fig. 13 to Fig. 15, the underground building is an H-shaped pile 8, the chain knife 3, the driving device 4 tensioning device 5, the sprocket 6 and the like, and the structure and construction method are composed of three one-word piles 1 composition.

As shown in Fig. 16, the underground structure is a well type pile 10, the chain knife 3, the driving device 4 tensioning device 5, the sprocket 6 and the like, and the structure and construction method are composed of four one-word piles 1.

As shown in Fig. 17, the underground building is an underground continuous wall 7, which is composed of four L-shaped walls 8, a plurality of H-shaped 9 and a plurality of one-word walls 1.

As shown in Fig. 18, the underground building is a load-bearing wall 11 composed of a plurality of wall 1 and a plurality of well-shaped piles 10.

As shown in Fig. 19, the underground building is a composite pile 12 composed of a plurality of word piles 1.

As shown in Fig. 20, the underground building is composed of an L-shaped pile 8, a wall 1 and an H-shaped pile 13 which is integrally connected to the wall without a chain knife.

Claims (10)

An underground building consisting of piles and walls, characterized in that there is a chain cutter for excavating geotechnical construction at the bottom of the wall, and the two ends of the wall and the piles are embedded or fixedly integrated with each other. An underground structure consisting of a pile and a wall according to claim 1, wherein the pile is a grooved pile, and both ends of the wall are embedded in the pile groove when installed. An underground building consisting of piles and walls according to claim 2, characterized in that the bottom and sides of the wall are provided with rails, the rails are provided with chain cutters for excavating geotechnical, and the chain excavating device is chained. The knife, the sprocket and the driving device are composed of a chain cutter and a cutter fixed on the chain; the driving device drives the chain during construction, the chain drives the cutter to run along the track, the cutter at the bottom of the wall excavates the rock and soil, and the chain cutter is upward from the bottom. During the operation, the excavated geotechnical soil is brought to the top, and the chain knife and the wall at the bottom of the wall are simultaneously lowered, descending to the design depth, and the chain cutter is removed and then grouted. An underground building consisting of a pile and a wall according to claim 2, wherein the grooved pile has a rail at the bottom and the side thereof, and the chain is equipped with a chain cutter for excavating rock and earth, and chain excavation The device is composed of a chain cutter, a sprocket and a driving device. The chain cutter is composed of a chain and a cutter fixed on the chain. The bottom rail has a height difference, which facilitates the operation of the intersection of the chain cutters; the driving device drives the chain cutter and the chain cutter edge during construction. In the orbital operation, the tool on the bottom rail of the pile excavates the rock and soil. When the chain knife runs from the bottom up, the excavated geotechnical soil is brought to the top. The chain knife and the pile at the bottom of the pile are lowered together, descending to the design depth. After the chain cutter is removed Re-grout. An underground structure consisting of a pile and a wall according to claim 3, wherein the construction steps of the wall are as follows: 1) the bottom of the prefabricated wall; 2) Install the bottom of the wall at the site and install a chain knife on its track; 3) The upper part of the wall is in two ways: (a) Factory prefabrication, on-site assembly; (b) Install a fixed pouring formwork on site, and pour the wall side down; 4) installing a sprocket, a driving device and a chain cutter to form a chain excavating device; 5) Drive the chain, the chain knife at the bottom of the wall excavates the rock and soil, and the chain cutter running from the bottom up will transport the excavated rock and soil to the upper part, and the chain knife and wall at the bottom of the wall will drop; 6) Drop to the design depth, remove the chain knife on the wall and grout. An underground structure consisting of a pile and a wall according to claim 4, wherein the construction steps of the pile are as follows: 1) the bottom of the precast pile; 2) Install the bottom of the pile on site and install a chain knife on its track; 3) Two ways of the upper part of the pile: (a) Factory prefabrication, on-site assembly; (b) Install a fixed pouring formwork on site, and pour the pile side down; 4) installing a sprocket, a driving device and a chain cutter to form a chain excavating device; 5) Drive the chain, the chain knife at the bottom of the pile excavates the rock and soil. When the chain knife runs from the bottom upwards, the excavated rock and soil will be transported to the top, and the chain cutter and pile at the bottom of the pile will descend; 6) Decrease to the design depth, remove the chain cutter on the pile and grout. An underground structure consisting of piles and walls according to claim 3, wherein said underground structure is an underground continuous wall. An underground structure consisting of piles and walls according to claims 4 and 7, characterized in that the piles of the underground continuous wall are H-piles and/or well-shaped piles. An underground structure consisting of a pile and a wall according to claim 7, wherein the corner of the underground continuous wall is an L-shaped wall. An underground structure consisting of a pile and a wall according to claim 7, wherein said underground continuous wall is a load-bearing wall.

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