[go: up one dir, main page]

WO2018140993A1 - Système d'antennes pour la transmission de données sécurisée contre les écoutes - Google Patents

Système d'antennes pour la transmission de données sécurisée contre les écoutes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2018140993A1
WO2018140993A1 PCT/AT2018/060023 AT2018060023W WO2018140993A1 WO 2018140993 A1 WO2018140993 A1 WO 2018140993A1 AT 2018060023 W AT2018060023 W AT 2018060023W WO 2018140993 A1 WO2018140993 A1 WO 2018140993A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
interference
data transmission
antenna
transmission antenna
antennas
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/AT2018/060023
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Gernot Schmid
Manfred Bammer
Hans Preineder
Original Assignee
Seibersdorf Labor Gmbh
Ait Austrian Institute Of Technology Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Seibersdorf Labor Gmbh, Ait Austrian Institute Of Technology Gmbh filed Critical Seibersdorf Labor Gmbh
Publication of WO2018140993A1 publication Critical patent/WO2018140993A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
    • G01S7/38—Jamming means, e.g. producing false echoes
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
    • G08C17/04—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using magnetically coupled devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/59—Responders; Transponders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
    • H04B5/24—Inductive coupling
    • H04B5/26—Inductive coupling using coils
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/20—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by the transmission technique; characterised by the transmission medium
    • H04B5/24—Inductive coupling
    • H04B5/26—Inductive coupling using coils
    • H04B5/263—Multiple coils at either side
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/40—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by components specially adapted for near-field transmission
    • H04B5/43—Antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/40—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by components specially adapted for near-field transmission
    • H04B5/45—Transponders
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
    • H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
    • H04B5/77—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for interrogation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
    • H04K3/00—Jamming of communication; Counter-measures
    • H04K3/80—Jamming or countermeasure characterized by its function
    • H04K3/82—Jamming or countermeasure characterized by its function related to preventing surveillance, interception or detection
    • H04K3/825—Jamming or countermeasure characterized by its function related to preventing surveillance, interception or detection by jamming
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K19/00—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings
    • G06K19/06—Record carriers for use with machines and with at least a part designed to carry digital markings characterised by the kind of the digital marking, e.g. shape, nature, code
    • G06K19/067—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components
    • G06K19/07—Record carriers with conductive marks, printed circuits or semiconductor circuit elements, e.g. credit or identity cards also with resonating or responding marks without active components with integrated circuit chips
    • G06K19/077—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier
    • G06K19/07749—Constructional details, e.g. mounting of circuits in the carrier the record carrier being capable of non-contact communication, e.g. constructional details of the antenna of a non-contact smart card
    • G06K19/07773—Antenna details
    • G06K19/07777—Antenna details the antenna being of the inductive type
    • G06K19/07779—Antenna details the antenna being of the inductive type the inductive antenna being a coil
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J50/00—Circuit arrangements or systems for wireless supply or distribution of electric power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
    • H04K2203/00—Jamming of communication; Countermeasures
    • H04K2203/10—Jamming or countermeasure used for a particular application
    • H04K2203/20—Jamming or countermeasure used for a particular application for contactless carriers, e.g. RFID carriers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04K—SECRET COMMUNICATION; JAMMING OF COMMUNICATION
    • H04K2203/00—Jamming of communication; Countermeasures
    • H04K2203/30—Jamming or countermeasure characterized by the infrastructure components
    • H04K2203/32—Jamming or countermeasure characterized by the infrastructure components including a particular configuration of antennas

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an antenna arrangement for improving the security against eavesdropping in wireless data transmission based on RFID or NFC technology between a reading device and a transponder.
  • the data communication from the reader to the transponder takes place in such transmission systems by means of amplitude modulation, ie the magnetic field generated by the reader is slightly varied in intensity with the clock of the data to be transmitted, the mean magnetic field strength must be sufficiently large to provide the transponder with energy continuously. From these variations of the magnetic field strength, the transponder can extract or demodulate the transmitted data.
  • the communication from the transponder to the reader takes place by load modulation, ie the transponder varies its load impedance connected to the receiving antenna in time with the data to be transmitted. These changes in the load impedance result in a corresponding variation of the resulting magnetic field, which is detected by the reader and used to obtain the data. All common transponders such as cards, passport, etc. have planar antenna structures.
  • the transponders are aligned as close as possible to the reader antenna plane and brought close, usually less than 5 cm, to the reader antenna.
  • the magnetic coupling between the transponder antenna and the reader antenna is almost exclusively responsible for that component of the resulting magnetic field vector produced by the reader antenna, which is normal to the plane of the antennas.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an easy to manufacture antenna arrangement for tap-proof, wireless, based on inductive coupling data transmission between a reader and a transponder.
  • the interference antenna is oriented relative to the data transmission antenna in such a way that the magnetic field components of the interference magnetic field generated by the interfering signal fed interference antenna in the vicinity of the data transmission antenna at an angle of 75 ° to 105 °, in particular orthogonal, the strongest magnetic component of the Data transmission antenna generated magnetic field.
  • An advantageous embodiment of the antenna arrangement provides that two interference antennas aligned orthogonally to the data transmission antenna are arranged parallel to one another on two mutually opposite sides of the data transmission antenna.
  • the interference antennas are controlled by the interference signal generator with the same interference signal in such a way that the magnetic field vectors of the generated interference magnetic field of the interference antennas point in the same direction.
  • a further preferred embodiment comprises two interference antennas oriented orthogonally to the data transmission antenna, which are orthogonal to one another, wherein the centroid of the data transmission antenna lies in the imaginary crossing region of prisms or cylinders emanating from the interference antennas whose bases are the surfaces spanned by the interference antennas.
  • the lateral surface of the respective prism or cylinder is preferably normal to the surface defined by the respective interference antenna (6c, 6d).
  • An improved interference magnetic field effect is achieved in that the interference antennas are fed by the interference signal generator with interference signals whose carrier frequencies are different.
  • a further preferred embodiment of the invention comprises four interference antennas, wherein each two interference antennas are arranged opposite each other and parallel to each other on two mutually opposite sides of the data transmission antenna and are arranged orthogonally to the other interference antennas, in such a way that of the four interference antennas, a cuboidal volume or a cuboid space is predetermined.
  • mutually opposite interference antennas are driven by the interference signal generator with the same interference signal and mutually orthogonally arranged interference antennas are fed by the signal generator with interference signals whose carrier frequencies are different.
  • the disturbing magnetic field effect is improved by the fact that a common space is defined by at least two interference antennas, wherein the surface bounded by the data transmission antenna lies inside the space and is preferably oriented so that the centroid of the surface bounded by the communication antenna and the centroid of the area areas bounded by the disturbance antennas are in the same plane.
  • opposing interference antennas have the same shape and size, in particular that the coil cross-sectional area of each individual interference antenna is greater than the coil cross-sectional area of the data transmission antenna.
  • a further advantageous embodiment of the invention comprises an interference antenna adjacent to one side of the data transmission antenna and oriented at an angle of 75 ° to 105 °, in particular orthogonal, to the data transmission antenna, wherein preferably the centroid of the area bounded by the data transmission antenna and the centroid of the area of the Stererantenne bounded area located in the same plane.
  • a reader combined with an antenna arrangement according to the invention provides for easier handling that the data transmission antenna is connected to the transmitting and receiving unit of the reader and the interfering signal generator is driven by the reader.
  • the signal generator and the transmitting and receiving unit are the interference antennas and the data transmission antenna in such a way control that the signals emitted by the jamming antennas and the data transmission antenna are matched in frequency and bandwidth.
  • the interference signal may be advantageous for the interference signal to cover the useful frequency range of the data communication between the reader and the transponder, in particular to at least 50%, wherein the ratio of interference signal to useful signal within a predetermined spatial range, in particular on a spherical surface with a radius of 50 cm from the centroid of the area spanned by the data transmission antenna, the antenna array does not fall below -10 dB.
  • Fig. 1 shows one of a data transmission antenna outgoing and directed to the transponder reader magnetic field B without shielding.
  • Fig. 2 shows a first embodiment of a coil configuration of an antenna arrangement according to the invention.
  • Fig. 2a shows an elevation of the embodiment shown in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 2b shows a side elevation of the embodiment shown in Fig. 2.
  • Fig. 2c shows the magnetic field generated by an external data transmission antenna and that generated by the interference antennas.
  • Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment of a coil configuration.
  • FIG. 3a shows an elevational view of the embodiment shown in FIG. Fig. 3b shows a section of the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 through the plane of the data transmission antenna.
  • Fig. 4 shows a second embodiment of a coil configuration.
  • Fig. 4 shows
  • FIG. 4 a shows an elevation of the exemplary embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4.
  • Fig. 4b shows a section of the embodiment shown in Fig. 4 through the plane of the data transmission antenna.
  • 5 shows an alternative embodiment of an antenna arrangement according to the invention with a mobile telephone.
  • FIG. 5 a shows a schematic representation of the embodiment outlined in FIG. 5.
  • Fig. 5b shows an elevation of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5.
  • Fig. 7 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a reading device with a inventive antenna arrangement.
  • Fig. 8 schematically shows a frequency diagram of a data transmission signal and an interference signal.
  • Fig. 1 shows a generated by a data transmission antenna 4 and directed to a transponder 3 magnetic field B LeSer without interference magnetic field.
  • the transponder 3 is aligned parallel to the data transmission antenna 4 and brought close to the data transmission antenna 4, typically at a distance of less than one centimeter. In this situation, the magnetic coupling between the transponder 3 and the data transmission antenna 4 is almost exclusively due to the z component of the resulting magnetic field vector generated by the communication antenna 4.
  • FIG. 2 shows a schematic illustration of a first coil configuration of an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention, which has a data transmission antenna 4 and two interference antennas 6a and 6b.
  • the data transmission antenna 4 and the interference antennas 6a and 6b are implemented as rectangular coil antennas.
  • the interference antennas 6a and 6b are oriented orthogonal to the data transmission antenna 4 and arranged parallel to each other on two opposite sides of the data transmission antenna 4. This geometrical arrangement results in a cuboid-shaped volume delimited by the disturbance antennas 6a and 6b, in whose center or center of gravity the diagonal intersection point S, d. H. the centroid, the data transmission antenna 4 is located.
  • the coordinate system x, y, z explains the spatial orientation of the data transmission antenna 4 and the interference antennas 6a and 6b.
  • the corner points A, B, C, D of the data transmission antenna 4 lies in the x, y plane, wherein the diagonal intersection S of the diagonal AC and BD is located in the origin U of the coordinate system x, y, z.
  • the vertices AB d, D of the disturbance antenna 6a and the vertices A 2 , B 2 , C 2 , D 2 of the disturbance antenna 6b lie in the plane parallel to the y, z plane, the edge lengths A ⁇ and the disturbance antenna 6a and
  • Edge lengths A 2 B 2 and C 2 D 2 of the interference antenna 6b are the same length and the diagonal intersection Si of the diagonal Aid and B ⁇ and the diagonal intersection S 2 of the diagonal A 2 C 2 and B 2 D 2 on the x-axis symmetrical to both Sides of the origin lie and the routes SSi and SS 2 are the same length.
  • the distances between the diagonal intersection S of the data transmission antenna 4 and the halving point G on the edge AD of the data transmission antenna 4 or the halving point H on the edge BC to those of the interference antennas 6a and 6b parallel planes are longer than or equal to the distances SSi and SS 2 .
  • the interference signals with which the interference antennas 6a and 6b are fed are the same for achieving the best possible security against eavesdropping and are selected such that the magnetic field vectors of both interference antennas 6a and 6b are rectified or oriented in the x direction.
  • Such selection of spurious signals minimizes the number of leak points at a given distance.
  • a hemispherical surface with an azimuth of 0 ° to 180 ° and an elevation of -90 ° to 90 ° with a radius of 50 cm above the center of the data transmission antenna 4 there are only a few areas where the information obtained in the the data transmission antenna 4 generated magnetic field are encoded, are read out.
  • the interference signals with which the interference antennas 6a and 6b are fed can also be selected such that the magnetic field vectors of both interference antennas 6a and 6b are directed opposite to one another. Such a selection of the interfering signals also ensures sufficient security against eavesdropping, but increases the number of leakage points at a predetermined distance, in particular along the hemispherical surface described above, in which the information encoded in the magnetic field generated by the data transmission antenna 4 is increased , are readable, by a few percent.
  • FIG. 2 a shows a schematic sketch of an elevation looking in the direction of the x, z plane of a first variant of a coil configuration of an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention, which has a data transmission antenna 4 and two interference antennas 6 a and 6 b.
  • FIG. 2 b shows a schematic sketch of a side elevation looking in the direction of the y, z plane of a first variant of a coil configuration of an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention, which has a data transmission antenna 4 and two interference antennas 6 a and 6 b.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a second variant of a coil configuration of an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention, which has a data transmission antenna 4 and four interference antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d.
  • the data transmission antenna 4 and the interference antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d are implemented as rectangular coil antennas.
  • the interference antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d are aligned orthogonal to the data transmission antenna 4, wherein each two interference antennas, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, opposite each other and parallel to each other and to the other interference antennas, 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, orthogonal are arranged.
  • This geometrical arrangement requires that a cuboidal space is predetermined by the disturbance antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, in whose center, or center of gravity, the diagonal intersection point S, ie the area centroid, of the data transmission antenna 4 is located.
  • the coordinate system x, y, z explains the spatial orientation of the data transmission antenna 4 and the interference antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d.
  • the corner points A, B, C, D of the data transmission antenna 4 lies in the x, y plane, wherein the diagonal intersection S of the diagonal AC and BD is located in the origin U of the coordinate system x, y, z.
  • the vertices A Ci, Di of the disturbance antenna 6a and the vertices A 3 , B 3 , C 3 , D 3 of the disturbance antenna 6b are in a plane parallel to the ⁇ , ⁇ plane, the edge lengths ⁇ ⁇ and d Di of the disturbance antenna 6a and the edge lengths A 3 B 3 and C 3 D 3 of the disturbance antenna 6b are the same length.
  • the diagonal intersection Si of the diagonals Aid and B ⁇ and the diagonal intersection S 3 of the diagonals A 3 C 3 and B 3 D 3 are symmetrical on both sides of the origin on the y-axis and the distances SSi and SS 3 are equal.
  • the corner points A 2 , B 2 , C 2 , D 2 of the interference antenna 6 c and the vertices A 4 , B 4 , C 4 , D 4 of the interference antenna 6 d lie in a plane parallel to the y, z plane, the edge lengths A 2 B 2 and C 2 D 2 of the disturbing antenna 6c and the edge lengths A 4 B 4 and C 4 D 4 of the disturbance antenna 6 d are the same length.
  • the diagonal intersection S 2 of the diagonals A 2 C 2 and B 2 D 2 and the diagonal intersection S 4 of the diagonals A 4 C 4 and B 4 D 4 are symmetrical on the x-axis to both sides of the origin and the distances SS 2 and SS 4 are the same length.
  • edge lengths A ⁇ and Aid of the disturbing antenna 6a, the edge lengths A 3 B 3 and A 3 C 3 of the disturbing antenna 6b and the edge lengths A 2 B 2 and A 2 C 2 of the disturbing antenna 6c are equal to the edge lengths A 4 B 4 and A 4 C 4 of the disturbance antenna 6d.
  • the distances between the diagonal intersection point S of the data transmission antenna 4 and the halving point J on the edge AB or the halving point H on the edge DC or the halving point I on the edge BC or the halving point G on the edge AD of the data transmission antenna 4, to those of the Interference antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d are spanned parallel planes are longer than or equal to the length SSi, SS 3 , SS 2 and SS 4 .
  • the spurious signals with which the interference antennas 6a and 6b are fed are preferably the same and chosen such that the magnetic field vectors of both interference antennas 6a and 6b are rectified.
  • the interference signals to which the interference antennas 6c and 6d are fed are also preferably the same and chosen so that the magnetic field vectors of both interference antennas 6c and 6d are rectified.
  • the interference signals for supplying the interference antennas 6a and 6b preferably have carrier frequencies which differ from the signals with which the interference antennas 6c and 6d are fed. Such a choice of interfering signals ensures good security against eavesdropping by a field vector rotating at the difference frequency of the two signals. Leak points, i.
  • Points at which, at a predetermined distance, in particular in a hemispherical surface with an azimuth of 0 ° to 180 ° and an elevation of -90 ° to 90 ° with a radius of 50 cm above the center of the data transmission antenna 4, information in the encoded by the data transmission antenna 4, are constantly changing their position.
  • FIG. 3 a shows a schematic sketch of an elevation looking in the direction of the x, z plane of the second variant of a coil configuration of an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention, which has a data transmission antenna 4 and four interference antennas 6 a, 6 b, 6 c, 6 d ,
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic sketch showing a section of the second embodiment of a coil configuration of an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention, which has a data transmission antenna 4 and four interference antennas 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d in FIG. 3, through which x, y Plane in which the data transmission antenna 4 is located, shows. It can also be seen in the figure that the magnetic field vectors in the diagonal intersection points Si and S 2 , as well as S 3 and S 4, of mutually opposite interference antennas 6 a and 6 b and 6 c and 6 d each point in the same direction.
  • the magnetic field lines of the disturbing magnetic field generated by the disturbing antennas 6a, 6b, 6c and 6d in the vicinity of the data transmission antenna 4 orthogonal, in particular with a maximum deviation of 15 ° to the z-component of the resulting magnetic field of the data transmission antenna 4, represented as perpendicular in the origin of the coordinate system x, y, z exiting field vector and for data transmission by means of Data transmission antenna 4 is crucial, stand.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic representation of a third variant of a coil configuration of an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention, which has a data transmission antenna 4 and two interference antennas 6c and 6d.
  • the data transmission antenna 4 and the interference antennas 6c and 6d are implemented as rectangular coil antennas.
  • the interference antennas 6c and 6d are oriented orthogonal to the data transmission antenna 4 and arranged orthogonal to each other.
  • a cuboidal volume is predetermined by the disturbing antennas 6c and 6d, in whose center or center of gravity the diagonal intersection point S, d. H. the centroid, the data transmission antenna 4 is located.
  • the coordinate system x, y, z explains the spatial orientation of the data transmission antenna 4 and the interference antennas 6c and 6d.
  • the corner points A, B, C, D of the data transmission antenna 4 lies in the x, y plane, wherein the diagonal intersection S of the diagonal AC and BD is located in the origin U of the coordinate system x, y, z.
  • the vertices A Ci, Di of the first perturbation antenna 6c lie in a plane parallel to the y, z plane, the diagonal intersection Si of the diagonals Aid and B ⁇ lying on the x axis.
  • the vertices A 2 , B 2 , C 2 , D 2 of the second perturbation antenna 6 d lie in a plane parallel to the ⁇ , ⁇ -plane, the diagonal intersection S 2 of the diagonals A 2 C 2 and B 2 D 2 on the y-axis lies.
  • the edge lengths A ⁇ and d Di of the first disturbing antenna 6c are equal to the edge lengths A 2 B 2 and A 2 C 2 of the second disturbing antenna 6d.
  • the distance between the diagonal intersection point S of the communication antenna 4 and the halftone point G of the edge AD which is closest to and parallel to the plane spanned by the first interference antenna 6c is longer than or equal to the distance between the diagonal intersection point S of the data transmission antenna 4 and the diagonal intersection Si of the first interference antenna 6c.
  • the distance between the diagonal intersection point S of the data transmission antenna 4 and the halftone point H of the edge DC closest to and parallel to the plane spanned by the second interference antenna 6d is longer than or equal to the distance between the diagonal intersection point S of the data transmission antenna 4 and the diagonal intersection S 2 of the second interference antenna 6d.
  • the interfering signals with which the disturbance antennas 6c and 6d are fed preferably have different characteristics in order to achieve the best possible security against eavesdropping Carrier frequencies.
  • Such a choice of interfering signals ensures good security against eavesdropping by a field vector rotating at the difference frequency of the two signals.
  • Leak points ie points at which at a predetermined distance to the coils, in particular along a hemispherical surface with an azimuth of 0 ° to 180 ° and an elevation of -90 ° to 90 ° with a radius of 50 cm above the center of the data transmission antenna 4, information encoded in the magnetic field generated by the communication antenna 4 is readable continuously change its position.
  • FIG. 4 a shows a schematic sketch of an elevation with a viewing direction to the x, z plane of the third variant of a coil configuration of an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention, which has a data transmission antenna 4, and two interference antennas 6c and 6d.
  • Fig. 4b is a schematic sketch is shown which is a section of the given in Fig. 4 third embodiment of a coil configuration having a data transmission antenna 4 and two interference antennas 6c and 6d, through the x, y plane in which the data transmission antenna 4 is located , shows.
  • the magnetic field vectors in the diagnostic intersection points Si and S 2 of the mutually orthogonal fault noise antennas 6c and 6d form a right angle.
  • the magnetic field components of the interference magnetic field are orthogonal in the vicinity of the data transmission antenna 4, in particular with a maximum deviation of 1 5 °, to the z component of the resulting magnetic field of the data transmission antenna 4, which is decisive for data transmission by means of the data transmission antenna 4.
  • the z-component of the resulting magnetic field of the data transmission antenna 4 is represented as a field vector exiting vertically at the origin of the coordinate system x, y, z.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further embodiment of an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention with a mobile telephone in more detail.
  • the antenna arrangement 1 comprises a data transmission antenna 4 integrated in the housing of the mobile telephone, which is connected to the transmitting and receiving unit 7 of a reading device 2 integrated in the mobile telephone.
  • the mobile telephone comprises a cover 8, whose fixed cover region, which can pivot about the longitudinal axis of the mobile telephone, carries an interference signal generator 5 and a fault antenna 6, the interference antenna 6 being triggered by interference signal generator 5 with interference signals.
  • the solid Deck area is orthogonal in the data transmission, in particular with a maximum deviation of 15 °, the data transmission antenna 4.
  • the deck area may be laterally attached to the mobile phone with integrated reader 2, or be adapted to receive the mobile phone with integrated reader 2, for example by Stuck in a built-in cover in the cover.
  • the eavesdropping security of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is similar to the embodiments in FIGS. 2 to 4 in the remote area of the data transmission antenna 4 by a superposition of the magnetic field vectors of the magnetic field generated by the data transmission antenna 4 and the disturbance magnetic field generated by the disturbance antenna 6.
  • the embodiment of the antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 5 is particularly suitable for making the data transmission, for example of a smartphone, mobile phone or tablet PC with integrated reader 2 based on RFID or NFC technology, secure against eavesdropping.
  • FIG. 5a shows a schematic illustration of the embodiment of an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention shown in FIG.
  • the interference antenna 6 is orthogonal, in particular with a maximum deviation of 15 °, aligned with the data transmission antenna 4.
  • the data transmission antenna 4 and the disturbance antenna 6 are designed as rectangular coil antennas.
  • the coordinate system x, y, z explains the spatial orientation of the data transmission antenna 4 and the interference antennas 6.
  • the vertices A, B, C, D of the data transmission antenna 4 lies in the x, y plane, wherein the diagonal intersection S of the diagonal AC and BD is located at the origin U of the coordinate system x, y, z.
  • the corner points A B d, D of the disturbing antenna 6 lie in a plane parallel to the ⁇ , ⁇ plane, with the diagonal intersection Si of the diagonals Aid and B ⁇ lying on the x axis.
  • FIG. 5b shows a schematic sketch of an elevation looking in the direction of the x, z plane of the embodiment of an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 5, which has a data transmission antenna 4 and an interference antenna 6.
  • FIG. 5c is a schematic diagram showing a section of the embodiment of an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 5, comprising a data transmission antenna 4 and a disturbance antenna 6, through the x, y plane in which the data transmission antenna 4 lies. shows. It can also be seen in the illustration that the resulting magnetic field lines of the disturbing magnetic field generated by the disturbing antenna 6 extend in the x, y plane in which the data transmission antenna 4 lies and thus substantially orthogonal in the vicinity of the data transmission antenna 4, in particular with a maximum deviation 15 °, to the z-component of the resulting magnetic field of the data transmission antenna 4, which is shown as perpendicular in the origin of the coordinate system x, y, z exiting field vector and for data transmission by means of the data transmission antenna 4 crucial.
  • a trained interference magnetic field trouble-free data transmission is ensured.
  • FIG. 6 shows a further embodiment of an antenna arrangement according to the invention
  • the antenna arrangement 1 comprises a data transmission antenna 4 which is connected to the transmitting and receiving unit 7 of a reading device
  • an interference signal generator 5, and interference antennas 6a, 6b and 6c wherein the interference antennas 6a, 6b and 6c are controlled by the interference signal generator 5 with interference signals and are installed, for example, in a device that can be plugged for privacy on a reader 2, for example, and so on it is appropriate that the interference antennas 6a, 6b and 6c occupy a substantially orthogonal orientation to the data transmission antenna 4 and the interference signal generator 5, for example, integrated in the reader 2 or can be installed in the privacy screen.
  • FIG. 6 The embodiment shown in Fig. 6 is alternatively feasible with one or two interference antennas, whereby the desired security against eavesdropping is also ensured.
  • FIG. 7 schematically shows a reading device 2, the reading device 2 comprising a transmitting and receiving unit 7 and an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention.
  • the antenna arrangement 1 comprises a data transmission antenna 4, a signal generator
  • interference antennas 6a and 6b wherein the interference antennas 6a and 6b are fed by interfering signal generator 5 with interference signals and the data transmission antenna is fed from the transmitting and receiving unit 7 with data signals.
  • interference antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, etc. of an antenna arrangement 1 according to the invention may preferably be designed as rectangular coil antennas of the same size.
  • the shape of the interference antennas is not necessarily rectangular.
  • a sufficient security against eavesdropping of the data communication between a reader 2 and a transponder 3 is also achievable with the use of circular or elliptical faulty antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d.
  • the size of a data transmission antenna 4 is independent of the dimensions of the interference antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d. For practical reasons, it is favorable if the disturbance antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, etc. are larger than the data transmission antenna 4, so that the disturbance magnetic field generated by the disturbance antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, etc. in the vicinity of the data transmission antenna 4th is homogeneous.
  • the location of the interference antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d is selected so that the centroid of the data transmission antenna 4 in the imaginary crossing region of, from the interference antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d emanating, prisms or cylinders whose base areas from the interference antennas 6a , 6b, 6c, 6d are spanned surfaces.
  • a particularly good security against eavesdropping results if the centroid of the data transmission antenna 4 is at the same height as the centroid of the interference antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d.
  • the lateral surface of the respective prism or cylinder is normal to the area spanned by the respective interference antenna (6c, 6d).
  • a trouble-free data transmission is given by the fact that in the vicinity of the data transmission antenna 4, the magnetic field vectors of the interference from the interference antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, etc. generated disturbing magnetic field at an angle of 75 ° to 105 °, in particular as orthogonal as possible, are the magnetic field vectors of the magnetic field generated by the data transmission antenna 4.
  • the perturbation magnetic field generated by the perturbation antennas 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, etc. has no influence on the z component of the resulting magnetic field of the data transmission antenna 4 and does not affect the data transmission between the data transmission antenna 4 and transponder 3.
  • the interference signals are adjusted in the transmission range of the frequency and bandwidth of the data communication between the reader 2 and the transponder 3.
  • the remote area of the data transmission antenna 4 there is an effective superposition of the magnetic field vectors of the data transmission antenna 4 with the magnetic field vectors of the interference magnetic field, so that the resulting receive signal is no longer divided into the disturbing magnetic field component and the proportion generated by the data transmission antenna 4 and thus the desired security against eavesdropping is ensured.
  • FIG. 8 schematically shows an example of advantageous interference signal selection for a fault antenna 6 for data transmission with a data transmission antenna 4 based on RFID / NFC technology.
  • a data transmission signal N of a data transmission antenna 4 shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 with a data transmission frequency of, for example, 13.56 MHz and a frequency band B of ⁇ 106 kHz
  • FIG. 8 shows a lower limit N 'for the frequency components of the interference signal S, which is 10 dB below the data transmission signal N. Within the frequency range B, S is above the lower limit N '.
  • the interference signal S of the interference antenna 6 covers the data transmission frequency range of the data transmission antenna 4 to at least 50%, or in 50% of the frequency band used for data transmission.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Near-Field Transmission Systems (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un système d'antennes pour la transmission de données sans fil, sécurisée contre les écoutes, à base de couplage inductif, entre un appareil de lecture et un transpondeur, comprenant une antenne de transmission de données, un générateur de signaux de brouillage et au moins une antenne de brouillage qui reçoit un signal de brouillage du générateur de signaux de brouillage, l'antenne de transmission de données et l'antenne de brouillage étant conçues sous forme d'antennes à bobine. L'invention est caractérisée en ce que l'antenne de brouillage est orientée de telle sorte par rapport à l'antenne de transmission de données que les composantes de champ magnétique du champ magnétique de brouillage généré au moyen de l'antenne de brouillage recevant le signal de brouillage, sont orientées, dans la zone proche de l'antenne de transmission de données, à un angle de 75° à 105°, et sont notamment perpendiculaires, par rapport à la composante de champ magnétique la plus forte du champ magnétique généré par l'antenne de transmission de données.
PCT/AT2018/060023 2017-02-02 2018-01-25 Système d'antennes pour la transmission de données sécurisée contre les écoutes WO2018140993A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ATA50076/2017A AT519630B1 (de) 2017-02-02 2017-02-02 Antennenanordnung zur abhörsicheren Datenübertragung
ATA50076/2017 2017-02-02

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2018140993A1 true WO2018140993A1 (fr) 2018-08-09

Family

ID=61131862

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT2018/060023 WO2018140993A1 (fr) 2017-02-02 2018-01-25 Système d'antennes pour la transmission de données sécurisée contre les écoutes

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AT (1) AT519630B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018140993A1 (fr)

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE602005003565T2 (de) * 2004-03-24 2008-05-21 Avery Dennison Corp., Pasadena System und verfahren zum selektiven lesen von rfid-einrichtungen
US20140118116A1 (en) * 2012-10-30 2014-05-01 Raytheon Company Protection System For Radio Frequency Communications

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29714999U1 (de) * 1997-08-21 1997-10-09 Trebe Elektronik Gmbh & Co Kg Vorrichtung zum Schutz eines Transponders gegen unbefugtes Ablesen und/oder Löschen und/oder Überschreiben der Daten des Transponders
DE102004061478A1 (de) * 2004-12-21 2006-07-13 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Datenübertragungsverfahren und RFID-Lesegerät

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE602005003565T2 (de) * 2004-03-24 2008-05-21 Avery Dennison Corp., Pasadena System und verfahren zum selektiven lesen von rfid-einrichtungen
US20140118116A1 (en) * 2012-10-30 2014-05-01 Raytheon Company Protection System For Radio Frequency Communications

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AT519630A1 (de) 2018-08-15
AT519630B1 (de) 2021-01-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE19717505C2 (de) Transponder-Kommunikationseinrichtung
DE69838364T2 (de) Schreib-/Lesevorrichtung, Stromversorgungssystem und Kommunikationssystem
EP2446400B1 (fr) Lecteur et systeme rfid
DE102009006872A1 (de) Kontaktloses Chipmodul, kontaktlose Vorrichtung, kontaktloses System und Verfahren zur kontaktlosen Kommunikation
DE69630843T2 (de) Anlage zum Fernaustausch von Informationen zwischen einem tragbaren passiven Objekt und einer Station, entsprechendes Objekt und Station
EP3482350A1 (fr) Support de données comprenant deux circuits oscillants
EP2137791A1 (fr) Système d'antennes rfid
WO2018140993A1 (fr) Système d'antennes pour la transmission de données sécurisée contre les écoutes
WO2019224057A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé pour émettre et recevoir des données d'une étiquette rfid passive
DE112021001455T5 (de) Elektronische karte mit biometrischer authentifizierungsfunktion
DE102009031554A1 (de) Vorrichtung für die kontaktlose Übertragung von Daten
WO2017137525A1 (fr) Dispositif et procédé de détermination de la position d'un émetteur par rapport à une zone de détection
US20180248271A1 (en) Antenna module and portable device having same
WO2018161102A1 (fr) Élément de blindage désactivable
EP2592584A1 (fr) Transaction sans fil sécurisée
DE19715215C1 (de) Kontaktloses Transpondersystem
EP2689537B1 (fr) Dispositif comportant une partie stationnaire et une partie mobile disposée mobile par rapport à la partie stationnaire
DE102008031149A1 (de) Tragbarer Datenträger mit aktiver Kontaktlosschnittstelle und Verfahren zum Betreiben
DE102004058165A1 (de) Tragbarer Datenträger
DE102015210285B4 (de) Schreib-Lesegerät zur Nahfeldkommunikation für einen passiven RFID-Transponder
DE202012012880U1 (de) Spulensystem
CH695302A5 (de) Antennenanordnung von Schreiblesegeraeten fuer kontaktlose Transponder.
DE102016201253A1 (de) Vorrichtung zur drahtlosen Energieversorgung und Datenübertragung für einen Transponder in einem rotierbaren System mit Niedrigenergieanwendungen
DE202006003441U1 (de) Zugangskarte aus Edelmetall mit einer RFID Einheit
EP3734494A1 (fr) Procédé de détection d'au moins un transpondeur à l'aide d'un système radio et système radio

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 18702401

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

DPE1 Request for preliminary examination filed after expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed from 20040101)
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 18702401

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1